Kunakirwa uye Yakachengeteka Kudyara Kwemari: Kurudziro Kana Kusarudza Typeit Mhando, dzakasiyana-siyana dzeDhipatimendi, sarudzo dze "zvakakosha"
Mumwe nemumwe wedu, sematehwe, anotumira mari- pakutenga kukuru, zvipo kune vadiwa uye shamwari uye nemhosva dzakasiyana siyana. Mabhenekwa zuva rakanaka iwe unonzwisisa kuti iyo bank of offgy piggy yebhangi yakafashukira uye zvingave zvakakosha kufunga nezve sarudzo yebhangi uko mari yako ichave yakachengeteka zvizere. Ot, maitiro ekusarudza bhanga richafuratidza mupiro wako kufuma, isu tichataura nhasi.
Kunyanya muIXV. Kubata mari kumba kwasviba. Yakanga iri panguva iyoyo muEurope mukuchinja kwekutangisa kwemabhanga emazuva ano, verts rekutanga rakaonekwa. Nekufamba kwenguva, mabhangi aisango adzidza kuchengetedza tsika nemari zviratidzo, asi akavadzidzisawo kuti "vawane", kuisa mari yekuchengetera iyo bank.
Chii chiri mupiro?
Banking inobatsira kugadzirisa mabasa maviri makuru: Kune rumwe rutivi, kuti uchengetedze mari, kune mumwe, kuti uzviwedzere. Ndokusaka, usati wataura nebhangi, sarudza kuti ndeipi deposit - yekuchengetedza (kuchengetedza) kana pfuma (inowedzera mari) - iwe unofarira nguva. Kuti ungo chengetedza mari, kudiwa kwakakodzera (dhipoziti), uye kune avo vanoda kuwana kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwekudyara mushure mechinguva, zvakakodzera kuongorora mumunda wetemberi.
Kana iwe ukafunga, nechinangwa chipi chauchawana, unogona kutanga sarudzo yaro. Kuti tiite izvi, isu tichazoda hunhu hukuru hwemasaji ayo anokubvumira kuti uenzanise Bank inopa:
Nguva (Kana iwe uchifarira mupiro unokurumidza): Panguva ino, mabhangi anopa deposits na3, 6, 9, 12, mwedzi makumi maviri nemana. Kazhinji, mabhangi anodzora nguva yekubva, achitaura aine zvirongwa zvakakosha (semuenzaniso, pre-idzva-gore okutanga mupiro.
Deposit mari: Zvishatidziro, mupiro unogona kuvhurwa mune chero mari, asi mukuita mari zhinji mabhangi anopa vatengi kupa rubles, madhora kana ma eures. Mabhangi anokwezva anopa mukana wekuti anonzi multicurrency deposits - iwe unogona kugadzira deposits madhora matatu, uye muchibvumirano, kusanganisa kuendesa mari kubva kuaccount;
Profitability, kana mwero wekubhadhara pane iyo dhipoziti: Iyi ndiyo saizi yekubhadhara iyo iyo sosi inotambira. Maererano nemirairo yakajairika, chiyero chehunyanzvi chinoverengwa pane mupiro uyu mumwedzi gumi nembiri (saka, mune hunhu hwemupiro, iwe uchaverenga kuti kugona kwayo kuchave kwakazara muzana pagore regore.
Nzira yekubhadhara: kufarira pane dhipoziti kunogona kubhadharwa pakupera kweiyo nzvimbo yekuisa kana neimwe nguva yekupera kusvika kumagumo enguva yekuisa. Mune yechipiri nyaya, iyo muzana capitalation inokwanisika (kuwedzera kune huwandu hukuru hwemupiro), uye kufarira munguva inotevera kuchabhadharwa mari yakakura. Imwe sarudzo inokwanisika: Kufarira kunogona kushandurwa muaccount yako yebhangi (kupi, mukushandura kadhi rebhangi kana kuchengetwa pamitemo yedhipatimendi) kana kune iyo chikumbiro chekuda;
Mukana wekusarudzika kwekutanga kwemari: Kazhinji, mamiriro ezvinhu ekutanga anosanganisira kurasikirwa kwekunyora kwemasaini: kana muzana muzana yekuvhunduka haina kubhadharwa, kana chirango chinopihwa kubviswa kwekutanga kwemari. Nekudaro, mamwe mabhangi ekukwezva vatengi vanopa mamwe mamiriro akanaka. Ehezve, hazvikwanisi kuwana chese chikamu cheSipo chakusha, hauzobudirira, asi huwandu hunogona kuratidzwa muchibvumirano zvakasiyana zvichienderana nenguva iyo mari yacho yaive mubhanga;
Mashandiro anogona kuitwa nemupiro: mamwe mabhangi anopa mukana wekushandisa pachena chikamu chemari yakaiswa pane iyo mari, yakapihwa mari yekodhi inodhinda inodarika chikamu chakasimbiswa muchibvumirano. Mune ino kesi, kufarira kunobhadharwa zuva nezuva, kunoita kuti ukurumidze kupindura shanduko muhuwandu hwekuisa mari. Kana iwe, kutyora mazwi echibvumirano chemupiro, kuderedza chiyero chisina kuvharwa, bhangi rinodzokorora kufarira kweyero yakaderedzwa (kazhinji, pakukumbira kwechikumbiro dhipoziti).
Deposit basa chirongwa
Izvo zvinofanirwa kutaurwa kuti iyo nyika inodzivirira masepeti emazuva ano pasina kubvumira kugona kukanganisa zvido zveSurite. Imwe yematanho ekutanga munzira iyi yaive iyo inishuwarenzi inishuwarenzi system. Kazhinji, kukosha kwayo kunoita zvinotevera: iyo bhangi, kugamuchira rezinesi, inopinda muchikamu chakabatana inishuwarenzi yemadhora. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kubhengi rimwe nerimwe rinogadzira mari yekuchengetedza, mari yacho ichaenda kunobhadharira vanhu kuti vanhu vechimwe chinhu chemipiro yavo muchiitiko icho bhangi rinoenda kubhuroka. Ukuru hwechikamu chechinyorwa chemuzvipiro zviri kukura zvishoma nezvishoma. Nhasi, kana bhangi racho rikaenda, iyo investor yakavimbiswa kugamuchira chikamu chehuwandu hwehuwandu - kusvika kune zviuru mazana mana zviuru, uye dzosera zororo racho rinofanira kuve nekutonga. Ndokusaka vaongorori vakawanda vebhengi, kuraira kuti vagovane mupiro mukuru kune akati wandei mumabhangi, anoteedzera mauto ezvemari pane chiitiko chekwaniri yemari mubhangi rakaparadzana.
Tiri kutsvaga mupiro
Pane mitemo yakati wandei ichakubatsira iwe kuona mhando yeiyo dhipoziti. Kutanga, usasarudza "exotic" mari. Pasina mubvunzo, iyo Chirungu pound inodhura zvakanyanya kupfuura dhora, uye kugadzikana kunoshamisa. Asi kazhinji kazhinji iwe uchafanirwa kushandura kududzira yako "imwe nzira" mune yechinyakare, madhora kana ma euros. Izvi zvinoreva kuti iwe unogona kurasikirwa nehuwandu hwakakosha pakutsinhana. Sekureva kwehunyanzvi hwemabhengi, kuti uwane mupiro kune chero mimwe mari kunze kwemari, madhora kana iwe uchinyatsonzwisisa kutengesa kana kushandisa mupiro sebhangi renguruve, uye zvakakodzera mari inotevera iyo iyi Mari inodiwa (semuenzaniso iwe uri kuunganidza mari kudzidzisa mwana mune imwe yemayunivhesiti ekunze kuburikidza nemupiro.Kechipiri, sezvo zvingave zvakafanira kuti uchinje hukama pakati pemuti weticrourny dhipoziti kana kuvhara mupiro uye nekuchinjisa mari, funga nezve kana iwe uchida mupiro uyu. Mukuwedzera, ive nechokwadi chekutaura kuti kudzora mupiro wemilticurrency kure (semuenzaniso, kuburikidza neInternet system yekuchengetedza kure). Mune iyo inopikisa imwe, unogona kuvhura mipiro yakati wandei mumari dzakasiyana. Pakuvhura nzvimbo yehuremu, zvakare tsanangura kuti kosi yacho inoshandurwa sei kune imwe nzira yezvinhu zvezvidimbu izvi uye kana bhangi rinotora komisheni yekuvhiya uku. Yeuka: Vamwe mabhanga somumwe mamiriro ezvinhu kuti nokuvhura multicurrency mupiro vanotumirwa kune fanira kuzvitsinhanisa rimwe dhipoziti nhoroondo apo rokutendeutsa dhipoziti mari kubva mari kune mumwe.
Yetatu, kutarisa kwako kunofanira kukwezva huwandu hwemubhadharo pane dhipoziti. Kana akanyanya kukwirira, anogona kuratidza kuti bhangi iri kuyedza kugadzirisa mamiriro ake emari, achikwezva mari yemutengi mumasaini. Mhedzisiro yacho inogona kukudziridza mamiriro aunorasikirwa nezvakawanda kupfuura kuwana.
Izvo zvinofanirwa kurangarirwa kuti zvizere neiyo Civil Code yeRussia Federation, iyo bhangi ine kodzero yekuchinja huwandu hwemubhadharo wekutora, kusanganisira kuderera (muchiitiko chekuchinja kwechiitiko, iyo Bhangi rinofanira kuzivisa depositors, uye mukunyora). AVT chikamu chikamu muzana pane yekupa bhengi bhangi haina kodzero yekuderedza unilaterally. Kunyatsoverenga Chibvumirano cheSipo: Kana bhangi racho rinofunga kuti chiyero chinogona kuderedzwa kana kuwanda, chiratidzo cheichi chinofanirwa kuve chakabatanidzwa muzvinyorwa zvechibvumirano.
Chechina, sarudza kana uchizadza mupiro wako. Kana iwe wakakosha kuti iwe ugare uchingowedzera mari, kusarudza kwako mupiro wakazara. Mazhinji mabhangi anogadza hushoma huwandu hwekudzorerwa (kazhinji chiuru chiuru chekubira mupiro unokwana). Kuti urarame hupenyu hwehupunioreni, mabhangi mazhinji anopa kushandisa ATM neiyo "mari-mu" (mari yekutumira) basa. Naizvozvo, vachikumbira kubhengi vashandi pamusoro ezvinhu enyika okubhengi, musakanganwa kudzidza uye kana zvichibvira kuti zadzai mupiro kuburikidza ATM.
Ndokumbira utarise kuti mwero we unodzorerwa deposits zvichave zvisingasviki pane izvo zvisingapi mukana wekusakwanisa kudzorerwa. Mabhangi anowanzo gadza kabhadharo ezvekuwedzera kwemamwe mipiro inosiyana zvichienderana nenguva iyo yekupedzisira nguva isati yapihwa. Chinhu chakawanda ndechekuti iwe unofanirwa kuziva nezvemupiro unodzorerwazve: mumabhangi mazhinji, nemupiro wakakwana, mari yekuwedzera inofanira kuverengerwa kune mupiro wekupera kwenguva yemupiro. Izvi zvinoreva kuti nhoroondo yekuisa ichakakamurwa nenzira mbiri dzekudzoreredzwa kwako kuzosara pamusoro peakaunti, asi harizobatwi kuhuswa. Kana iwe ukawedzera mupiro, iwe uchafanirwa kupa iyo bhangi kune kuendesa kweiyo huwandu uhu kune iyo deposit account.
Mupiro seyainthouse
Iwe ungade kushandisa mupiro semubhengi, zvakadzivirirwa kubva kune yako isingatarisirwi whims whims (mushure mezvose, iwe uchazoda kuenda kubhangi; uyezve, avo vakagamuchira sarudzo pakutenga kuri kuuya , hazvibviri kumisa, asi zvinokwanisika kuti zvichaita kuti ufunge nezvechishuvo chako) uye kubva pakutyisidzira kwekunze kune yako dhipoziti haigone kusvika pamupiro wako. Kuti uchengetedze mari, chikumbiro chakakodzera kudiwa, kana dhipoziti (chaicho "dhipoziti" uye "mupiro" zvinoshandiswa zvakafanana neiyo "yekuchengetera" yeiyo nzvimbo yeiyo dhipoziti). Kana iwe ukavhura dhipoziti, bhangi rinokupa iwe nemari yekuchengetedza mari.
Isu tichaita danho diki kune nhoroondo: Pakutanga chaiko kwekuvapo kweSoviet State, mabhanga akadiridza zvikuru kugadzirisa dhipatimendi. Zvekutanga nyaya, mutengi akapihwa bhangi renhema, rakavharwa pane kiyi, iyo yakaendeswa kumushandi wenzvimbo yechikwereti. Nguva yemutengi inotaridzika yakauya kubhengi, yakabhadhara masevhisi ekurenda ekurenda bhangi piggy uye kuchengeta kiyi uye akavhura bank ye piggy. Iyo yechipiri sarudzo yedhipatimendi yaive yakaomarara. Mutengi akagamuchira pepa rine chirevo chakakosha, izvo zvinofanirwa kuperekedzwa nemhando dzakasarudzika (Nomina 1 kopels). Kana mabhurawuti akashanyirwa na1rub. Mutengi akaenda kubank, uko, achipfuura bepa rine mabhurawuti, akagamuchira 1Rub. Dhipoziti uye 2 kopels. muzana.
Izvo zvinofanirwa kutaurwa kuti goho rema deposits - piggyback rakanyanya kuderera, anenge 1-2% pagore. Nzira, mipiro yakadaro ndiyo yakavimbika uye yakakurumbira kuganhu wega yenyika yedu. Kazhinji kazhinji, mipiro iyi yakakweverwa muchimiro chemabhuku ekuchengetedza (iyo mitemo yekuenderera mberi navo vazhinji vevaverengi vanoziva zvakanaka). Nhasi kune akawanda marudzi anonakidza eSipo iyo inobvumidza iyo inonyanya kudiwa depositors kuti igutse zvavanoda. Saka, kuwedzera kune iyo yekuchengetedza mari, kune:
The dhipoziti pamusoro accumulative, izvo kazhinji "anoshanda" ari peya pamwe purogiramu zvikwereti: In iyi, iyo Bank inopiwa iwe kuburikidza rubatso kuunganidza chitsama mupiro pakutanga kuti hombe chikwereti (somuenzaniso, nokuti mogeji) ;
Iyo yekugadzirisa dhipoziti, nechisikigo yakafanana neyazvino account, inokutendera kupfura uye kuisa mari. Chinhu chikuru ndechekutevera mamiriro anotevera echibvumirano: Pane iyo nhoroondo yeiyo dhipoziti inofanira kugara ichiramba isingaenzaniswi. Kufarira pane zvakadai madhiponi kunowanzo kuwanikwa kune imwe nhoroondo;
Dhipatimendi Rakakosha Rinozivikanwa Kubva Kune Vaverengi Vanowana Mubairo Kwete muhofisi kubasa, asi pane bhangi kadhi remubhadharo kana mubhangi rine account yemubhadharo. Mune ino kesi, mupiro womushandirwi unodzora pamwedzi, uye yakajairika chikamu chechikumbiro chinodiwa chinopihwa. Kazhinji kazhinji, mipiro yakadaro inopedzwa nekadhi rebhangi kana bhuku rekuchengetedza iro rinofambisa kuwana mari.
Chipo Zvinokosha
Ngano isingaperi, maererano negoridhe uye negoridhe nezvishongo zvisingazouyani, rakafanotongerwa mukurumbira wekudyara kwemari mumagariro anokosha. Chokwadi, mitengo yegoridhe, sirivheri, Platinamu, pallatium, iyi, aya metals anopihwa kutenga mabhangi eRussia) kukura. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kuisa mari yekudyara mumasimbi anokosha kunogona kubatsira.
Pane zvakati wandei sarudzo dze "zvakakosha" mari. Iwe unogona kutenga zvishongo kubva mukurumbira simbi, tenga mari inobatanidzwa kana mari yekudyara, tora goridhe-dimensional ingot kana kuwana inga "simbi" mupiro we "mupiro webhangi. Pakarepo itai reservation kuti kutenga kweshongo uye zvibvumirano zvemari munzvimbo yemutoro wemabhangi haina kubatanidzwa. Icho chokwadi ndechekuti mutengo wezvishongo uye zvinounganidzwa zvemari (humbowo "humbowo" emhando yemhando) hazvibve pamutengo wesimbi unokosha, asi kubva kune yavo yehunyanzvi kana hukama.
Mari yekudyara, kusiyana ne "hanzvadzi" yavo - mari inobatanidzwa, nyasha dzinokosha dzekupedza dzisinga zive kuzvirumbidza. Nekudaro, ivo vanogadzirwa kubva kune inokosha yesimbi yeiyo yepamusoro sampuli, inobvumira mari yekudyara kuti ishandire senzira yakanaka yekudyara mari. Unogona kutenga mari dzakadai mubhangi. Iwe unofanirwa kuvapa, Chiratidzo, chengetedza imba (nekuti izvi pane zviitiko zvepurasitiki), uye kana zvichidikanwa, kuita mubhangi pachiyero pazuva iro iwe paunofunga kutengesa mari.
Iyo inotevera sarudzo iri kutenga ingano yekuyera. Nhasi, mabhangi anopa ingots kuridza kubva ku15g to1kg. Nekudaro, avo vanozoita kuti kuwanikwa kwakadaro kunofanirwa kuve kwakagadzirirwa kuwedzera mari. Kutanga, iwe uchafanirwa kubhadhara kugadzirwa kweiyo ingot, uye yechipiri, kubhadhara kukosha kwemutero pachiyero chegumi neshanu kune avo vanowana mari yekudyara). Mukuwedzera, iwe unofanirwa kunzwisisa kuti iwe haugone kuchengeta ingot yeimba. Iyo Ateda inowedzera mari inowedzera, nekuti iwe unonyatsoda kubhadhara sero rakachengetedzeka mubhangi. Alsa one nuance, nezve izvo avo vanoda kutenga ingano inofanira kuyeukwa kuti: Kukuvadzwa kwese (semuenzaniso, kubva pane izvo hapana chinoshandisirwa panguva yekuchengetedza imba) inoderedza iyo Mutengo wejewedhi rako, uchishandura ingot yekudyara mari yemari mubhawa yeiyo simbi scrap, albeit yakanyanya kudhura.
Iko kudyara mumasimbi anokosha kunobatsira. Nekudaro, pane dombo rako remvura: Kudyara kwakadaro kunofanirwa kuitwa kwenguva yakareba, neimwe nzira inorasikirwa nekukwezva kwese. Zvinotsvedza zvegoridhe munguva pfupi-pfupi uye kukutendeukira iwe mune yakanakisa pfuma, uye kukuparadzwa. Naizvozvo, kuti uise mari mumagariro anokosha ndeye chete kana iwe wagadzirira kushandisa mari yakakura uye kumirira makore 3-5.
Nyanzvi dzekubhengi dzinogona kupa imwe, yakawanda nzira uye yemazuva ano yekudyara mari mudhiramu Izvi hazvizomboda iyo-chikamu chivharo chaunotenga ichavapo munzvimbo chaiyo, kureva kuti, mutengo wekugadzira zvahwo harifungirwe. Vat inobhadhara kuti urege kubhadhara. Asi zvese zvimwe zvinonakidza zvegrathurum iwe uchanzwa: Kufarira mupiro wako, madhora kana magiramu, uye muzvirimwa, zvichakuvadzwa nemidhara kaviri - kubva mukukura kwe mutengo weiyo ingot uye capitalization yegiramu muzana muzana.
Maitiro Ekuita Anobatsira?
Chirevo chaunoda kuwana mupiro unogona kuzadzwa mubhangi. Operation pakuvhurwa kwemupiro ndeimwe yeiyo yakanyanya nyore kune depositors uye nehuwandu hwekunyora, uye nehuwandu hwezvinyorwa zvinodiwa kuti zviitwe kubhengi. Kuita mupiro, mune yakawanda yakawanda yezviitiko, zvakaringana kuve negwaro rinopa munhu anokwanisa munhu newe, uye huwandu hwemari yaunotarisira kupfeka. Chokwadi, mune zvimwe zviitiko, mabhangi anogona kukumbira mamwe magwaro. Zviri nani kutaura izvi pachine nguva nekupinda nzvimbo yebhangi iwe wakasarudza kana kutaura nebhangi rekufona call Center.
Ipapo vashandi vebhengi vanovhura accountit account iyo mari yako ichachengetwa mari. Mushure meizvozvo, iwe unofanirwa kugumisa chibvumirano chebhangi chibvumirano, fomu raunogona kuwana pane webhusaiti yebhangi. Isu tinokurudzira kuti iwe unonyatsoverenga zvinyorwa zvechibvumirano. Kunyanya uongorore mamiriro ezvinhu ekutanga kubatwa kwemari kubva pamutsipa.
Chii chimwe chaunoda kuti uzive mumwe nemumwe depositor? Iyo accountit account inogona kuraswa pachezvako kana kuburikidza nemumiriri wayo, kushanda pahwaro hwemutemo kana nemumiriri, izvo zvinogona kupihwa pakutora. Pane mukana wakasiyana, kuita chinhu pamusoro penzvimbo iyi, zvazvino nomufananidzo, mune zvinyorwa zvechibvumirano (kazhinji mamiriro ezvinhu emupiro anobvumidzwa).
Kana iwe uchida kuvhura "Zvipiriso zve" vana " Pamusoro pezvo, ziva kuti mwana pachake asvika makore gumi nematatu uye akagamuchira pasipoti inogona kubva kuzvimiririra yakazvimirira kuwana dhipoziti. Chokwadi, mabhangi, semutemo, gadzira zvimwe zvinorambidzwa pakushandiswa kwemupiro wakadaro. Semuenzaniso, chibvumirano chinogona kudzikisira huwandu hwenguva imwe chete yenguva kubva ku "mupiro" wevana nekuzvishandira wega, iwe unoda simba regweta kubva kwauri.
Ndine chinhu chimwe: Iwe une kodzero yekuita kuti mupiro wako kubhengi. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa zvizere (kutaura nezvepiro mune zvinyorwa zvechairo) kana kusiya quatenia yekuraira mubhangi, iyo ine simba reTestamente yeTestamende Yakaratidzirwa.
Saka chii chinoguma? Mipiro yacho inotibvumidza kuronga kuunganidzwa uye kuchengetedza mari, inogona kuve chipo chakanakisa muzvemhosva dzakasarudzika kana kungoshumira nzira iyo isina mari yemahara mari. Iyo yakanyanya huwandu pane ruble deposits nemwedzi gumi nemaviri uye zvimwe ndeye 11-12% pagore, deposits mune yekune dzimwe nyika - 7-9%. Kufunga kuti iyo ruble yakagadzikana, nyanzvi dzinokurudzira kuwana deposits mu rubles. Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha kune vangangoita mari kuti vasarudze pakugadzwa kweramangwana, kuti vaongorore kugona kwemari kwenguva pfupi kwenguva pfupi (uye pamwe neyekureba kana kutongwirira) kusarudza iyo yakakodzera bhangi chigadzirwa. Mutsetse weDhipatimendi Anopihwa nemabhangi eRussia, pamwe nemadhipatimendi emabhangi ekunze munyika medu, achabatsira mumwe nemumwe dhipatimendi kuti awane mupiro wezuzuro (uye pamwe kunyange kukosha) pfuma.