Heated Greenhouse uye Nguva yechando Gardeny: Nhoroondo yeChitupa, Dhizaini, mvura uye kudziya masisitimu, michina.
Mumatunhu akadai, simitary inopisa, semutemo, haishande
Mukuvapo kwesimba rekusimbisa simba, boiler yemazuva ano inenge ichishungurudzika
Mapepa emachinda ezviputi anoshandiswa mukudziya masisitimu ekutakura anotakura anotakura
Kune kupisa mweya muminda yechando, mafungu emvura anoshandiswa kusvika 700mm kumusoro. Ivo vanoiswa mukupenya, kutenderedza perimeter yeiyo greenhouse
Plate Hell Exchanger, "kusarudza" kupisa kubva kuSying System yegreenhouse
Zvisina kunanga kupisa heater tenzi Bv460e pane dizil
Portable Electric Fan Heater ("Kupisa Pfuti")
Fan kils yakaiswa mumasimikira pamwe chete nemvura yekudziya kwemvura zvichienderana nepombi kana macovecors uye ivhu rinodziya
Mufananidzo O.Voronina
Orangery nemagetsi ivhu rinopisa
Mumhepo-heater yekuneta kusimbisa, zvigadzirwa zvehuni zvinobviswa mumugwagwa kuburikidza ne chimney
Kwegore rese kutenderera, haina kupatsanurwa muzhizha, zvakaringana kuvaka kona yegirini iri padyo neyakayera nyika imba, uko miti yemichindwe uye inoshamisa maruva anokura.
Kubva munhoroondo yemubvunzo
Iyo orenji orange, orange, orange, orange, orenji, haina tsaona. Avhareji yemadzimambo eFrench, kunyanya mumazuva emadzimambo eFrench, vaishandiswa kudzora zvirimwa zvakasiyana siyana zvekunze, zvakanyanya kuremekedzwa neCitrus vanonyura. Girazi rekutanga remagirazi rakavakwa muBotanical Bindu reBelteen (Holland) muna 1599g.VONDO, neCarbon Carbon Carbon, uye muKolsea muKolsea 1685 Kekutanga, pasi pevhu rekudziya kwevhu rakaiswa.
Kuvakwa kweHerenz Healzes zvakare ine nhoroondo refu. Kupisa nevanovhara-madutu ematanda "makamuri ekunyepedzera" akatanga kuoneka pakupera kwezana ramakore reXVIE mumazita eMinda yeMoscow Kremlin. Panguva imwecheteyo muArkhnelk, pedyo naMoscow Estate of Prince M.a. Pakanga paine maviri maGreenhouse zvidyarwa zvemakungwa (Peach, oleander, Laurel IDR). Pakutanga Xviiiv. Peter ndakavata greenhouse mumunda wezhizha uye muridzi wemishonga ye st. Petersburg.
Gare gare, iyo greenhouses, inonyanya kufarirwa nemichero inokura kwazvo munguva yechando (Pineapples, mazambiringa IDR), iva chinhu chakakosha chevatsigiri uye imba yemuzinda. Kazhinji ivo vakasanganisa mabasa e "nursies pasi pegirazi", maGarirekiya nevatambi, vakashongedzwa pendi uye mifananidzo, semuenzaniso, mune manor ye kuskovo pedyo naMoscow pedyo naMoscow pedyo neMoscow. Iyo yakapfuma huwandu hwezvirimwa zveGreenhouse muGardens p.a. Demidov muMoscow (yechipiri hafu yeXviiiv) uye kuverenga A..k. Orazumvsky muMoscow mudunhu reMoscow raishandiswa mukurumbira pakati pevarindi.
Mushure meGumiguru 1917. MuRussia, kupisa matinji mudzimba, pamwe nekugona kuve nepfuma yakadaro, zvishoma nezvishoma yanyangarika. Makumi emakore mashoma apfuura, apo vanhu vakatanga kugamuchira dzimba dzezhizha, kwaifarira tekinoroji yevhu yakavharwa ivhu, asi chete magirini ari nyore egirini ekukura miriwo yekutanga yaive yekuda. Kuvakwa kwehuwandu hwezvikoro zvikuru zvemahara uye minda yechando nguva yechando padyo nedzimba dzenyika dzinozvarwa chete nanhasi.
Nguva yechando Bindu Kupenga System:
2- Simbi-yepurasitiki pombi yeiyo pasi yekudziya system uye kupisa ivhu;
3- Mufundisi Cabinet
Kuti uwane rumutsiriro rwetsika!
Mumabhuku akakosha pane greenhouse hupfumi, kuraswa kwematonhora egirini, mune iyo yakaderera tembiricha inochengetwa munguva yechando: nezve 1-8c. Nekudaro, zvinoreva izwi rekuti "Greenhouse" muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva ndewekuti: Ino ikamuri yekukura uye kubereka zvidyarwa zvisingaite mamiriro enzvimbo ino. Naizvozvo, ma orangerenes anowanzodaidzwa kuti zvimwe (kusanganisira tropical) greenhouses ne tembiricha munguva yechando kusvika 25-30c. Special-mhando Greenhouses, mune izvo zvirimwa zvinotsigira basa rinotsigira, kutaura zvazviri, zvakatiparadzaniswa, zvichizorora kana kurovera kana kubata mazororo munguva yechando, inotaurwa nezveminda yechando. MaJaketi anogona kuve madziva emvura uye zvidyarwa pamhenderekedzo nemvura nyowani uye yegungwa.
Mazuva ano Greenhouses anowanzove ane chimiro (chakaitwa, semuenzaniso, kubva "inodziya aluminium") nekupenya. Kurova dzimwe nzira kune imwe chete pepa girazi rinoshandisa windows kaviri, cellular polycarbonate kana cellular acrylic girazi. Sezvo kupenya kwechiedza kunokanganisa iyo photosynthesis yezvirimwa, zviri nani kuti nzvimbo yese yeGreenhouse iri pachena (izvi zvichakubvumidza iwe kuti uwedzere masikati sezvinobvira). Dzimwe nguva kune chete denga chete. Murudo, zvinodikanwa kupa hurongwa hwekuchera mwenje. Kazhinji, "Garadheni" yakanamatira paimba, saka iwe unogona kupinda mavari kuburikidza nemusuwo kana ndima yakavhurika, kubva mukamuri iri padyo, kana kuiswa kure nechimwe chinhambwe kubva muchivako. Vhiki nevhiki Engineering Systems (inonyanya kukosha yekudziya system pakati pavo) mumaranjisi anodiwa tembiricha inotsigirwa, iko kuomesa kweId.
Iva neyako yekupisa greenhouse, kunyangwe kana zvisiri zvikuru, kazhinji zviroto zvevamwe veavo vanobereka zvidyarwa uye maruva. Kupfuura zvese, iwe unogona kutyora bindu regore rose rinoyerera, uye kushanda mairi kuchaunza mufaro wechokwadi. Inodziya greenhouse dzimwe nguva inova sosi yemagariro emamiriro ezvinhu ane hushamwari uye michero ye tafura yayo.
Iwo microccalimisa yegadheni yechando ine maitiro anobatsira panyatsoita yemunhu, mumamiriro eganda rayo (ane humbowo hwe50-60%). Iwe une kodzero yekushandisa iyo greenhouse (sezvakanga zvakaita tsika muPre-Revolutionary Russia) sehoro yekugamuchira vaenzi iri kunze kwechivako chikuru. Munguva yechando, muchirimo uye autumn pane imwe chete yekupokana tafura uye kutaura neshamwari.
Kupisa "Cottage-Greenhouse":
2 - ivhu;
3-kongiri concrete chiteshi;
4- Caramizite;
5- Intermal insulation;
6- Mapapiro
Pane kuderedzwa
Kuvakwa kweHeated greenhouse ibasa rakaoma, mhinduro yeicho ichabvunza zvakakosha zvemuviri uye zvekushandisa kubva kune anovandudza. Iyo inonyanya kutarisirwa uye nguva inodyira ndiyo nhanho yekusarudza iyo yekudziya system.
Kuti uongorore kuti zvakawanda zvemukati zvegirini (mutengo wayo unopiswa), zvinodikanwa kuti uite nyore kuverenga. Kuti uite izvi, sarudza iyo nzvimbo yekupenya uye tembiricha inodikanwa kune zvirimo zvezvirimwa. Semuenzaniso, kusendama kubva kune tropics uye miriwo yekunakidzwa inoda kupisa gore rese. Vazhinji vavo vakagadzikana pa 18-21. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti uone iyo climatic kadhi iyo shoma tembiricha mudunhu umo iyo Gardent Bindu renzvimbo (mumugwagwa uri pasi -29C). Iyo coeffisto yekupisa yekushisa yezvinhu izvo iyo iyo greenhouse yakagadzirwa zviri nyore kujekesa mubhuku racho. Yegirazi mbiri, inogona kuve 2.98 kcal / (m2 ye emergency).
Iyo formula yechido chekupisa ndeyekuti: Iyo nzvimbo inotyisa inowedzerwa nemusiyano wekupisa uye iyo inopisa confeffication. Iyo inoyerwa mu kilocolors paawa (kcal / h).
Funga nezve muenzaniso kana nzvimbo yekuvhara iri 140mm2 (yakasimba yekukwira greenhouse ine saizi ye66m), iyo tembiricha musiyano Change: 140m249с.98 KCAL / (M2CC) = 20443Kkal / H (HEREED). Sezvo kazhinji zviitiko simba remidziyo yekudziya rinopihwa mu watts uye kilowatts, iyo yakawanikwa kukosha inoshandurwa mune watts: 1W = 0.86KKAL / h. Saka, 204430.86 = 17581W (About 17,6 kW). Inomeslylays, funga nezvekurasikirwa kwekupisa nemhepo inobvisa, kuburikidza neivhu raThe. Ehezve, kupisa hakushande mumwedzi yakazara yese yemwedzi mitanhatu yemwaka wekupisa, asi michina inofanira kuverengerwa pane ino simba kuitira kuti zvirimwa zvisakwanise mune imwe yemazuva edofosere.
Chaizvoizvo, midziyo yekudziya yekudziya kweiyo greenhouse kazhinji inosanganisira hurongwa hwekudziya mhepo, pamwe nevhu uye racks nemaruva (kana rakapihwa mune ivhu dzevakavharidzirwa). Zvizhinji zvevose, mvura uye mhepo yekudziya yekuisa yakakodzera izvi.
Schematic dhizaini yeiyo yekudziya system yeiyo greenhouse:
1- contour yevhu inopisa;
2- Kusanganisa vharuvhu;
3-inopisa michina;
4- kupisa jenareta imba;
5- plate helth guranger;
6-kupisa chizvarwa pakati peimba uye iyo greenhouse;
7 - Pombi;
8- kuwedzera tangi;
9- otomatiki unit
Mvura, mvura
Iyo yekudziya kwemvura system yeGreenhouses inoshandiswa kunenge kwese kwese. Iyo inopa yunifomu yekuparadzira yekupisa, iyo inodiwa kwazvo nezvirimwa.
Sisitimu yeScopitarian inoshandiswa seyunivhesiti yekudziya (zvichienderana nekudziya kwekutonhora), pombi kana steel pombi dzidzitiro (semuenzaniso, ne polymer coating). Ivo vanoiswa munzvimbo yepamusoro yeiyo greenhouse - pasi pekuvhara, madhiri emakwenzi uye matangi; Munzvimbo yepakati, madziro ekunze, pane yemukati yemukati marara, madhiri emapuranga kana mabhandi akadzika emapurazi nepakati pemitsara yezvidyarwa; Munzvimbo yepazasi, pavhu iri pakati pemitsara yezvirimwa, pamwe neContour yemadziro ekunze pakadzika kwe 0.05-0.1 m uye kudzika kwe1.4 m kubva kuChiratidzo chevhu kuti kumusoro kwe pombi dzinodziya. Anosvika makumi mana muzana ekupisa kwakazara, kusanganisira ivhu rekupisa simba, rinoiswa kune iyo kurekodha kwe 1m kubva kune ivhu. Iyo yekuvhara-yekubva uye yekugadzirisa yakakodzera inopa kupatsanurana kusanganisa (Shutdown) uye kurongeka kwekushisa kwekushisa kwekudziya kwemidziyo munzvimbo dzakasiyana.
Kuti uwane kusimudzira minda, uko zvirimwa zvave mukushambadzira mune kushambadzira, panzvimbo pemubhadharo unoshandisa mamwe marudzi ekudziya midziyo, senge convectors. Ivo vanoiswa munzvimbo yepazasi yeiyo greenhouse, pamabhureki nekugadzirisa pane hwaro hwekuti vanogadzira iyo isingaenzaniswi "yekupisa track" padivi pekamuri yekamuri.
Iyo ivhu iri mumaorenji kazhinji dzinopiswa uchishandisa mapepa epurasitiki. Nhanho yekuisa mapepa anotemwa nekuverenga, asi kukosha kwayo kunopfuura 20-30 cm. Pielines yakarongedzwa pane dura rekudonha kuyerera kuyerera (jecha kana slag) nehurefu hwe30 certile ivhu rakaorera nekora re40-50cm rakadururwa.
Iyo inotonhorera yehurongwa hwekudziya yeiyo greenhouses inogona kupiswa uchishandisa yemazuva ano boiler inoshanda paDiel mafuta, propane, magetsi kana kunyange mafuta akasimba kana hunhu. Mukupedzisira, nyaya yacho ichafanira kuvaka chengetedzo yehuni uye kushandisa nguva yekuchengetedza solid fiel boiler. Yakawedzera simba yekutakura ye "Greenhouse" boiler iyo inobatsira kushandisa gasi rechisikigo. Kana iyo yekudziya yeiyo greenhouse isina kupihwa padanho rekugadzira yeimba, iyo Cottage Heat Jenareta ichafanira kutsiviwa neye nyowani, ine simba. Batanidza iyo yekudziya system yegirini (mapaipi kana maPombi kana masaji uye michina yekudziya ivhu) kune inopisa contour yechivako kuburikidza nedombo rinopisa. Zvinokubvumira kuti uzviparadzanise imba yako uye greenhouse inopisa contours kubva kune mumwe nemumwe uye kurerutsa simba rekudzora.
Tembiricha yekudzora inotonhorera mumatavi ezvemidziyo yekudziya inogona kuve inenge 60-80s, uye mubazi rekudziya kwevhu - kusvika 40C (kuti arege kuwandisa midzi). Kupisa processor pakati pegreenhouse uye kiredhiti (maviri akasimbiswa polyurethane foam Metalplastic pombi yeConcrete Concrete Channel yakazadzwa nevhu, iri pakadzika kweanenge 1.5 m. Zvekutenderera kweiyo inotonhorera (propylene glycol) mune yekudziya system, mapombi anoshandiswa, uye kudzoreredzwa kwekuwedzera kwekuwedzera - tangi yekuwedzera. Kureba kwekudziya kukuru hakufanirwe kupfuura 10-15m, zvikasadaro kurasikirwa kwekupisa kuchave kwakakura kwazvo.
Gadzira iyo yekudziya kwemvura system yeGreenhouses inogona kubva kune dzakasiyana siyana. Mitengo yegesi gasi maburi ane huwandu hwegumi nemashanu kusvika 90 m madhora mazana mashanu nemakumi mashanu-6800. Iyo yakanyanya kudhura uye yakakwirira-mhando boilers inogadzira viessmann, Buderus, viluslant (Germany), Dhietrich (Franticrich (Futietrich (Franticrich (Futietrich (Franticrich (Futi Verrich (Franticrich). Mitengo yepakati uye ine mwero inotengesa Roca (Spain) Boilers, Prootherm (Slovakia), ACV (Belgium) IDR. Iyo inopisa kune boiler (kana isina kupihwa mukiti) ichadhura imwe $ 400-1500.
Kutenderera kudedera kunokosha madhora makumi matanhatu nemashanu, kupa iyo yekufamba kweiyo inotonhorera muhurongwa, neyekugona kwe3-70m3 / h kuti kugovera iyo Russian Market Grundfos, Vilo (Germany), Dab (Italy), DAB (Italy), DAB (Italy), DAB (Italy), DAB (Italy), DAB (Italy), DAB (Italy) Yakakwira-mhando yekuwedzera matangi anodiwa kuti utsunge kuripisisa kwekuwedzera kwekuwedzera kwekutonhora panguva yekushanda kweiyo yekudziya system inoburitsa Reflex (Germany). Shut-off-yekudzora Fittings yakaburitswa neDanfoss (Denmark), Herz (Austria), makambani eItaly kure neGiallemini. Mutengo wekiti yakatemwa, zvichienderana nekuverenga kwe $ 4 yeiyo 1M2 yakadzima nzvimbo yeiyo greenhouse.
Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti utarisire iyo automing inogadzirisa dambudziko rekudzidzira tembiricha mune greenhouse (pakukwirira kwakasiyana kwekamuri), monitors kushanda kwesumbu, kuchaita mashandiro ekushanda kwekudziya uye masisitimu ekudzivirira. Kugadzirwa kwe otomatiki kunoitwa mumabiro nemakambani kure nekugadzirwa kwevaridzi. Systems ine iyo yakapusa tembiricha yekudzidzira algorithm ichaita $ 75-170. Avhareji yakaoma inobva kumadhora mazana matatu kusvika ku1000. Uye "fake-up" yakarongwa "zvakarongwa zvakajairwa nemukana wekushandiswa kure uye pamadhora mazana matatu nemakumi matatu nemashanu.
Kupisa kunoendeswa kunzvimbo dzegirini uye kunoparadzirwa nepombi. Mitengo yeRussian Steel yakafamba yakagadzirwa zvigadzirwa madhora mashanu e1pog. M. Pipes ine diameter ye 75mm. Metalmer-Polymer Pipe (Belgium), Metroplast (Israyes), Unicor (Germany) ichabhadhara $ 0.5-1.5 ye1 mune dhaya ye 16mm. Mutengo weConvers of Domestic Production Yakagadzirirwa ne Simbi Heat Chikwama neSimbi Fins ndeye $ 30-50 ye1 km yechigadzirwa. Ivo vanovabuditsa, semuenzaniso, kzto, "Santerechrore", "isotherm" (Russia). Usakanganwa nezve inotonhorera. Isina-chepfu propylene glycol yakavakirwa mvura inodhura nezve $ 1-2 pa 1 litre; Panguva imwecheteyo, zvinotora anenge mazana maviri emarita pane yekudziya system neeating marejisisi yegreenhouse nenzvimbo ye30m2.
Yakabatanidzwa "Mvura-mhepo" inodzidzisa system yegirini:
2- Fan Coil;
3- Contour yemvura yekudziya kwevhu
Kufema kwoushamwari
Mune iyo greenhouse inogona zvakare kushandiswa kucheka mweya. Izvo zvinowanzoshandiswa musanganiswa nemvura (inosanganisira michina-yekudziya midziyo yakabatana neyekupisa jenareta uye iyo ivhu rinopisa system). Kuparadzirwa kwakadaro ndiko kusanganisa iyo maGreenhouses munzvimbo dzine kunze kwekunze tembiricha yezuva rinotonhora-rinotonhora uye pazasi. Iko kuita kwemhepo yekupisa mune yakasanganiswa system inotora yakaenzana neavhareji ye 35-40% yeiyo yakazara kupisa kwekupedza nguva yechando. Nekudaro, mune dzimwe nzvimbo nenzvimbo nyoro dzemamiriro ekunze, kupisa kwemhepo kweiyo greenhouse kunogona kushandiswa seyakanyanya kana mu tandem neiyo ivhu rekupisa system.
Cuity yeiyo mhepo yekudziya system inofanirwa kusanganisira yakanyanya kugona uye yakaderera inertia: kwemaminitsi 35-40 maminitsi iyo yemweya iyo yemhepo inogona kukwidza tembiricha mune greenhouse ne15-20. Izvi zvinokutendera iwe kuti uwedzere kupisa iyo greenhouse kunyangwe nemafuta akavhurika. Iyo yakaiswa mhepo inodziya yemhepo inogadzira iyo inodiwa kufamba uye yunifomu yekudziya yeiyo yese greenhouse. Izvo zvinodikanwa kumhepo yekudziya midziyo inowanzoda inodhura kupfuura mamwe mararamiro.
Kuwedzeredza kwemhepo kweiyo greenhouse (apo mweya wapiswa munzvimbo imwe, mushure mezvo zvinogoverwa panzvimbo pemubhadharo wemhepo) inogona kurongwa pamusoro peiyo yemhepo heater inoshanda pane gasi kana mvura mafuta. Iyo inobatanidza kune iyo huru gasi pombi kana mudziyo une maruva emafuta; Kuti ubvise zvigadzirwa zvekusimbisa kunze kweiyo greenhouse inoshandisa chimney. Kudurura pachezvako kuzadza iyo greenhouse mhepo uye ichidziya kune tembiricha yeanenge 40s, iyo yemhepo heater yakabva yabikwa kubva kuAlk , pakukwirira kwezve2,5m. Kuve nechokwadi chekuti kuridza mhere, tembiricha yematangi, pamwe nekufamba kwakasimba kwemhepo, grillating grilles inoiswa pamakomba ekudyira mumhepo.
Mhepo yekudziya yakaiswa pasina mhepo ducti. Nezveizvi, ivo vachada stationary fan heaters - vanofara vakashongedzwa neanenge ichishongedza kupisa gasi kupisa kana mvura yeCalorifer. Midziyo yakadaro inopa inoshanda uye inokurumidza kudziya kweiyo greenhouse, kusanganisira nemafaro anowanzo vhura.
Pamusoro peiyo mhepo yekudziya system, iwe unogona kushongedza ivhu remagetsi ivhu rekuchengetedza system zvichienderana neyakajairwa kana maviri-tier inodzvinyirira tambo. Iyo inokurumidza simba reiyo yekupedzisira haifanire kupfuura 15w / m, kuitira kuti usanyatsoita midzi midzi yezvirimwa. Iyo tembiricha yakakwana yevhu iri 15-25 ° C yetsika dzakasiyana uye dzinenge makumi matatu emapoto eat nemubhedha nembeu dzembeu.
Kana iyo tambo yakamiswa zvakananga muvhu, inodikanwa kushandisa iyo kupisa insulation layer kubva pane iyo iyo isinganyoreri kunyorova (semuenzaniso, polystyrene foam kana polyethyle). Kubva kumusoro, kupisa kunopisa kusimbisa kwakavharwa nefirimu rePolyethylews rinoita basa rekushandisa mvura. Chinyorwa chejecha chinodururwa nehurongwa hwechikamu chingangoita gumi, mukati meizvokuparara kwetemberi kunoreva nhema (kukwirira kwejecha pamusoro pebwe isingasviki mashanu cm). Stack yekuisa tambo- inenge 15 cm. Pamusoro pejecha rejecha rakapararira keteni grid kuchengetedza tambo kubva kukuvara kune foshoro kana imwe mudziyo wegadheni. Wobva wadurura ivhu rakaorera nehukobvu hweinenge 20-25 cm.
Paunenge uchiisa tambo mune kongiri yakacheneswa, mukana wekukuvara kwayo mukugadziriswa kweiyo ivhu rekugadzira nemidziyo dzakasiyana siyana dzakatemerwa. Iyo yekupisa yekuendesa coefficient inowedzera nekuda kwekukura kwakakura uye homogeneity yeiyo yakakwenenzverwa ichienzaniswa nevhu.
Nokuti mhepo kudziyisa chiteshi, unofanira kutenga imwe mhepo hita yakakodzera kushandiswa mune greenhouses Somuenzaniso, kubva makambani "Heat" (Russia), Steamtherm (Finland), Desa International (USA). 32KW Air heater module iri paavhareji $ 1500-3200. Air Duct Layout (Crash) - $ 20-25 pachiyero che 1M2 kupisa nzvimbo. Akanakisa fan kiles ine mvura filifers anogovera Jaga (Belgium); Midziyo yakanaka inopiwa neVts Clima (Poland), "Moven", "Weeza" (zvese- Russia). Mutengo we "fan coil" kupisa system iri avhareji ye $ 130-500 pa 1 kw yeSimba reHermal. Zvikamu zvekudziya pahwaro hwepamwe uye zviviri-tambo dzinogadzirwa nemakambani mazhinji, zvinosanganisira Ceilhit (Spain (Spain), Denmark), Entmark), Entmark), SETME (Finland), SELLAS'S FILS, "TERMA" uye "Eltech zvemagetsi". Mutengo weiyo tambo yetemberi yeiyo ivhu revhu iri $ 10-25 pa 1M2 yakaparadza orenji kana yechando gadheni.