Mashoko oMutemo ari padzimba dzedzimba dzekuwedzera mari. Nheyo dzekugadzira mushandi anoshanda, hurongwa hwemipiro, kodzero uye zvisungo zvenhengo dzeLNA.
FEDERAL Lace ANFANANIDZO 215 DZVAKATAURWA Zvita 30, 2004. "Pamazuva ekuunganidza macapuroratives" akapinda muMusimbe 1Prel2005g. Izvo zvinogadzira vagari venyika yedu chimwe chinongedzo chekuwana dzimba dziri muzvivakwa.
Nekudaro, iwe unofanirwa kutanga wambofunga kuti mutsauko uripiko pakati peimba dzakaunganidzwa dzekubatana (Lng) kubva kune avo vaaidzivirira uye dzimba dzekugara pamwe neHSCC dzinoenderana.
Nhengo dzemasangano maviri ekupedzisira anowana / kuvaka imwe imba yekugadzira furati, iri mune imwe yekugadzirisa pane imwe kero. Zviroto zvirema kubva ipapo-vhazano eLNA pakutanga vanoti kuganhurirwa, izvo zvinosangana nezvinodiwa zveumwe neumwe wavo (ramangwana rezvivakwa zvevaridzi vanogadzira zvavanoda muchirevo chekupinda mune yekubatana) uye kune chero kupi, chero kupi, chero muRussia. Ndokusaka vanhu ava vasinga pisi njodzi kuvavakidzani vachitenderedza imba nomukova.
Nhengo dzese dzedzimba dzimba dzekugara kana iyo JSC inopinda dzimba dzadzo panguva imwe chete. Vari kuzvirwisira pachavo vanosarudza iyo inonzi mafomu ekutora chikamu mune zviitiko zvecomputer (kubva pakufunga). Izvi zvirongwa zvemari zvinopa mazuva akasiyana, iyo yekuwedzera kwemipiro, saizi yavo.D. Pakupedzisira, mumashanduri anounganidza pane pfungwa "yekutanga".
Nekupinda mubhadharo muLNG, iwe unogona kutenga kwete chete imba muzvikamu, asi zvakare chivakwa chimwe nechimwe chinhu (imba yekugara). Nepo mune imwe nyaya yekudyidzana pamwe necc, ingori chete dzimba.
Lng, kusiyana nedzimwe "hama" mbiri, dzinoisa mari dzayo mukuwanikwa / kuvaka kwedzimba kune nhengo dzekubatana. Kana iyo pack ichaunganidza iyo mari yakapihwa nechimiro chayo chekutora chikamu mune zviitiko zveLNA (30 kana 50% yemutengo wedzimba), iyo kambani inoiwedzera iyo yakaenzana (yakakwana).
Nhamba dzedu dzinogovana dzinogona kukura uye dzinozokupedzisira kusvika vanhu zviuru zvishanu, nepo huwandu hwenhengo dzeECC uye dzimba dzekugara dzinogumira nehuwandu hwezvivakwa mune imwe imba.
Iyo LNG ine kodzero yekuita zvibato, uye zvimwe zvinoshanda hazvigone kuwana mari. Kunze kwemari kunowanikwa nedzimba dzimba dzekudyidzana kana iyo ecc semhedzisiro yekutumirwa kweiyo yakasunungurwa pekugara nzvimbo (chinyorwa 128 chekodhi yedzimba).
Nhengo dzedzimba dzinoverengeka pamwe neHSCC dzinobatanidzwa mukuvakazve uye zvinotevera zvemukati zveimba yavo yekuvaka (chinyorwa 1010 yedzimba rekodhi). Iyo LNG yakagadzirwa chete "kuitira kuti isangane nezvinodiwa zvevanoshandira pamwe pamwe chete munzvimbo dzekugara nekubatanidza ... Mipiro yeMutemo" (Chinyorwa 1 mutemo Nhamba 215) 215). Mushure mekubhadhara chikamu muzvivakwa zvizere uye zvakagadzirwa pekugara kune chivakwa, munhu anorega kuva nhengo yekushandira pamwe, anova muridzi wefurati kana kumba uye anogona kujoina kushamwaridzana kwevaridzi.
Mumari yevairema, iwe unofanirwa kuita mari nekukurumidza: huwandu hwese hwezana kusvika kumakore maviri, nepo chivakwa chakawandisa-imba chakavakwa. VLNP maitiro ari pachena zvishoma nezvishoma, uye kumhanya kwemipiro yedhipatimendi inosarudza muridzi wemangwana reimba.
CERAGE, nepo dzimba dzakaunganidzwa dzakashanda zvidiki. Semuenzaniso, avo vakakwanisa kuwana rwokuwona paInternet (uye yega yega Lona inofanira kunge iine webhusaiti yavo!), Vari kure nemisoro, muIrkutsk, perm nedzimwe maguta. Kazhinji, aya masangano akanyorwa kuna 1APLLLE 2005, kureva zvinyorwa zvavo zvechisimba uye maitiro ekuita zviitiko zvinogona kusasangana zvizere zvinodiwa neMutemo Kwete. 215. Inowanikwa pamwe pamwe neinguva yekuenderana inoenderana zuva ra2006. (Ndokunge, anenge mwedzi mitanhatu) kuti utange kukwana (maererano nechinyorwa 57 wemutemo mutsva).
Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kugadzirisa kune yeLNA Mutemo zvino vava kugadzirira, izvo zvakarongwa kuti zvionekwe pachirongwa cheMavheti cheHurumende Duma. Mhedzisiro yavo haisati yatsanangurwa.
Pfungwa dzakasarudzika dzinoshandiswa mumutemo (chinyorwa 2)
Dzimba dzinounganidza kubatana - Mutengi Unoshanda wakasikwa sesonganiso yekuzvidira yevagari zvichienderana nenhengo kuitira kuti usangane nezvinodiwa zvevashandi vekugara nekuzvisanganisa nenhengo dzemipiro yemipiro.
Zvidimbu Zvekubatana kukwezva uye kushandisa mari yevagari kuti vawane nzvimbo dzekugara - kukwezva uye kushandira pamwe mari yekubatira uye nekuvakwa kwezvivakwa zvekutora (kusanganisira zvivakwa zvekugara) kuitira kuti vaendese shure Kugadzira mipiro yekubvunzana kuti ive yakazara munzvimbo yenhengo dzepashanda.
Nzvimbo dzekugara - Apartment kana imba yekugara iyo inosangana nezvinodiwa zvakatemwa nemutemo wedzimba reRussia Federation (Chinyorwa 15 chekodhi yedzimba).
Denda mubhadharo - Keshi inotamburwa nenhengo yekubatana muhurongwa uye nenguva idzodzo, iyo inopihwa iyo fomu yekuita basa rekubatana kukwezva uye kushandisa mari yevagari vekutenga nzvimbo dzekugara. Mari yacho inotemerwa maererano nemutemo uyu wemubatanidzwa. Iyo yakazara yekupa mupiro inosanganisira mari yakagamuchirwa nekushandira pamwe kubva kune avo vapabhizimusi avo uye vakagoverwa pakati penhengo dzayo zvinoenderana nemumvuri wavo.
Nhengo yeStranrance - mari panguva imwe chete yakagadzirwa ne mugari kuvhara mutengo wedzidzo yekushandira pamwe nekugamuchira mugari wenhengo dzepamoyo.
Nhengo mubhadharo - mari, nguva nenguva yakaunzwa nenhengo yeinoshanda pamwe. Vakatumirwa kuvhara mari inobatanidzwa nekuita kwekubatana kwezviitiko zvakapihwa neCarter yayo, kunze kwezviitiko zvekukwezva uye kushandisa mari yevagari vekutenga nzvimbo dzekugara.
Kuwedzerwa Kubhadhara - Cash inopa kune imwe nhengo yekushandira pamwe yekuvhara kurasikirwa kwekubatana.
PENACOPLELE - Chikamu cheiyo yakagoverwa mupiro iyo nhengo yemushanduri yakashandurirwa kune yakatarwa zuva.
Goverana - Iyo chikamu chechiedza cheimwe nhengo yega yega yeinoshanda mune yekubatwa muhomwe yeiyo lng.
Pass Foundation Kubatana - Uku ndiko kuwanda kwehuwandu hwenhengo dzese dzepamoyo.
Kukosha chaiko kwe paj - chikamu chemutengo wemasenduru midziyo yeinoshanda pamwe, zvinoenderana nehukuru hwehuwandu. (Midziyo yakachena ndeyekuti iyo kukosha kwakawanikwa semhedzisiro yekubvisa huwandu hwezvisungo kubva kune huwandu hwesangano resangano.)
Fomu rekutora chikamu Nhengo yekubatana mune zviitiko zvebhandi kukwezva uye kushandiswa kwemari yekuwana nzvimbo dzekugara kwevanobatanidza mipiro (size, frequency, etc.) kuenda kuUS Pass Foundation mune yekubatana yakagadzwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvemutemo uyu wemubatanidzwa, sarudzo dzekusarudza imwe yeiyo nhengo dzebhandi.
Kugadzira mushandi
Asi charter chinofanirawo kunyorwa (izvo zvinokokwa negweta rinokokwa muchimiro ichi chechiitiko), wozoitira musangano wakawanda wenhengo dzeLNA, iyo, maererano nechinyorwa 11 cheMutemo, gwaro rinoda kubvuma. Musangano uyu ndiwo muviri wepamusoro-soro muviri (Chinyorwa 34): Zvinoda kuitwa gore rega rega, uye nhengo yega yega yesangano ine izwi rimwe pairi.
Kuparadzira kugona kwemusangano mukuru wenhengo dzeLNA, kunze kwekubvumidzwa kwechirasa, kunosanganisira shanduko uye zvinowedzera kwairi; Kubvumidzwa kweMagwaro emukati Kutonga zviitiko zveinoshanda pamwe; kuita chisarudzo pakurenganiswa kana kudzimwa kwekubatana; Sarudzo uye yekutanga kubviswa kwemasimba enhengo dzeBhodhi uye Audit Commission (Auditor). Kurwiswa, kusarudzwa kana kugadzwa kwemiviri yemukuru wecomputer (director kana dhairekitori; kugadzirisa kana kugadzirisa kana kugadzirisa sangano); Kutanga kubviswa kwemasimba avo (kana charter yeiyi lnf, mhinduro yenyaya idzi hadzina kuzivikanwa nehunyanzvi hwebhodhi rekubatana). Pamusangano wakagara, mafomu ekutora chikamu mune zviitiko zvekubatana zvinotenderwa; Iyo yakanyanya mutengo wedzimba dzakatemwa, iyo inogona kutengwa kana kuvakwa neinoshandira pamwe nhengo imwe; Maitiro ekuumbwa uye kushandiswa kwemari yekushandira pamwe kwakanyorwa, kunze kwekusarudzika kweiyo fest. Uyezve, musangano unosimbisa muganho wekushandiswa kwemari yekuziva zviitiko zveLNA, kushumirwa kwegore neyekuzivisa kunobvumidzwa, chirevo chekuongorora chezvakareva, kufungidzira kwekutora, kufungidzira kwe mutengo wekuchengetedza kwekushandira pamwe uye zvinotaura pakuurayiwa kwavo.
Mushandi anogadzirwa pasina kudzikisira izwi rekushanda uye rinotanga basa rayo kubva pazuva rekupinda rakakodzera kupinda mune yakabatana mamiriro ezvinyorwa zviri pamutemo (chinyorwa 3). Iyo LNA ine iyo midziyo, inogona kuwana uye kuita kodzero dzedzimba uye dzisiri-dzimba dzekushandisa pachinzvimbo, kuzadzisa zvibvumirano, kuti muverengerwe mudare, kuvhura maakaunzi muDunhu reRussia Federation. Anofanira kunge aine chisimbiso chechitendero chine zita resangano, uye anogona zvakare kuve nezvitampu, zvimedu, zviratidzo pachako uye dzimwe nzira dzekusarudzika.
Kushanda Mechanism
Icho chinangwa chingacheneswa lsna Chekutanga pane zvese, kuwanikwa uye kuvakwa kwedzimba kune nhengo dzepasirese (chinyorwa 26). Kurwiswa pakubhadhara kwemari yakatarwa muhunyanzvi. 24. Parizvino pane kuitwa kwezviitiko zvekukwezva uye kushandisa mari yevagari kuwana uye kusimbisa pekugara; Kuvandudza Consumer Hunhu (Kugadziriswa, Kupedzisa) kweiyo nzvimbo inowanikwa kana yakavakwa kune iyo nhanho inoenderana nezvinodiwa izvo zvinotsanangurwa mukubvumidzwa kwenhengo dzeLNA; zvemukati, kugadzirisa kwedzimba; Kubhadhara kweUtility Services (kusati kuchinjirwa kwenzvimbo yekushandisa nhengo yekubatana); Basa uye kubhadhara kwezvikwereti zvakamererwa uye zvikwereti zvinokwezva; kubhadhara kwemitero, mari uye zvimwe zvinobhadharwa kubhadhara iyo.d.
Maitiro ekuita mupiro wegove akatsunga maererano nenhengo yakasarudzwa yeiyo fomu yekushandira pamwero wekutora chikamu mune zviitiko zveLank-yemari, zvinoenderana nezvauchabatsira. Mafomu aya anotsanangura mashoma uye akareba nguva yekushandisa, pamwe nehukuru hwechikamu chechikamu chekugovera mupiro, mushure meiyo nhengo yeLna inoitika kodzero yekutenga kana kushandira pamwe neyakagara munzvimbo dzekugara, iyo nguva yekugadzira chikamu chasara chemugove wemupiro, saizi uye kuwanda kwekubhadhara mumupiro wechiro. Iyo acre yeTogo, mamiriro ekukwezva mari yakakweretwa (chinyorwa 27), saizi yeiyo isingakwanisi kupfuura 7% yemupiro wekuwirirana nhengo (chinyorwa 47). Chinyorwa ichi chine huwandu hwezvisingakwanisi pakutenderera nguva. Saka, iyo nguva shoma panguva iyo iwe yaunofanirwa kuita mipiro yemunharaunda kudzamara iwe uchikwanisa kutenga / kuvaka kwako iwe nekushandira pamwe nedzimba dzimba, kunogumira pamakore maviri (kutanga kubva pagore rechipiri rekubatana). Assroce achigadzira yakasara yekugovera mupiro inogona kusadarika imwe nehafu kafu kupfuura yekutanga izwi rekutanga.
Heino ndiwo muenzaniso unorerutsa uye unooneka muenzaniso. Iwe unofunga kuunganidza hafu yemutengo wedzinza refutari (kumba) kwemakore maviri (hazvigoneke kuverenga kuti mupfupi; maererano nechinyorwa 47, inogona kungova zvimwe). Iwe unobhadhara chikamu cheiyo huwandu hwemubatanidzwa, semuenzaniso, pamwedzi, mushure maunowana kodzero yekugamuchira dzimba dzekushandisa. Ipapo iwe uri kutaura zvakanaka kuimba (kana kushandira pamwe kunotanga kukuvaka iwe). ATO nguva yezvino kwemakore matatu iwe unoita mari yasara. Asi mune iyi chiratidzo chinoshamisa pane matatu bhodhoro. Chekutanga mutengo wekugara, izvo mumakore maviri zvinogona kuwedzera, uye iwe uchafanirwa kudzoreredza mutsauko nekuwedzera share mipiro yekuwana zvivakwa mukushandiswa. Marii ichawedzera marii? Mubvunzo unoramba wakavhurika. Iyo yechipiri nzvimbo yakamanikana inguva iyo iyo kambani yekubatana inofanirwa kukupa iwe nedzimba dzinodiwa. Pamwe mutsara kubva kunhengo dzakafanana dzeLna, dzinotsvaga kuita chinangwa chakafanana. Otode dzimba dzinopihwa kuitira kuti rinyaradzi (chinyorwa 28). Yetatu- kana iwe uri kunyorera imba itsva, ipapo kubva panguva yekubatira pamwe pamwe pamwe chete ichatanga kukuivakira iwe, kusvikira zuva rekutumidzwa rinogona kupfuura makore akati wandei usati waisa imba mune chivakwa.
Kubva kwauri senhengo yeinoshanda pamwe ingangoda kubhadharwa kwemipiro yekuwedzera (kuwedzera kune nhengo uye kuwirirana). Asi mari iyi inofanira kushandiswa chete pakurasikirwa kwekurasikirwa kweLNA, kana, Mwari anorambidza, ivo vachamuka (chinyorwa 2).
Chii chinofanira kugadziriswa mune charter yecomputer (chinyorwa 11):
Iro zita rekubatana uye nzvimbo yenzvimbo yayo;
Chinhu uye zvinangwa zvebasa rekubatana uku;
Maitiro ekubvuma kune nhengo dzeLNA uye kudzima nhengo mazviri;
Maitiro ekuona saizi, kuumbwa uye maitiro ekugadzira mipiro uye nemimwe mipiro;
Mutoro wenhengo dzebasa rekushandira pamwe kutyora zvisungo zvekuita zvakabatana nezvimwe mipiro;
Maitiro ekubhadhara nhengo yemutungamiriri weiyo chaiyo kukosha kweiyo chikamu nekumiswa kwemupengo mukubatana;
Kodzero uye zvisungo zvenhengo dzeiyi yekubatana;
Kodzero uye zvisungo zveinoshanda pamwe nenhengo yavo;
Chimiro uye kugona kwezvibereko zveLna, maitiro ezvisikwa zvavo uye kuita zvisarudzo pane zvakasiyana siyana;
masosi ekuumbwa uye maitiro ekushandiswa kwenzvimbo yekushandira pamwe;
Mari yakagadzirwa neLNA;
Maitiro ekubatanidza nenhengo dzevanoshanda pamwe chete nekushandira pamwe kurasikirwa;
Maitiro ekupa ruzivo neruzivo rwekubatana kune nhengo dzaro uye mutoro wekutadza kwayo;
Maitiro ekubata anotevera uye anoshamisa ekunze emacheki ezvemari zviitiko zvekushandira pamwe;
ruzivo nezve matavi uye mahofisi emumiriri ebasa rekubatana;
Maitiro ekugadzirisazve uye kudzimwa kwekubatana;
Chimwe chimiro chakapihwa nemutemo uyu wemubatanidzwa.
Cherter yeCoperative inogona kunge iine zvimwe zvinopesana nemutemo weRussia Federation kudzora chisikwa uye miviri yayo, kusanganisira iyo yekudzora chikamu chehama dzepedyo mumabasa ezvemiviri yemasokisi. Iyo charter inotenderwa nemusangano mukuru wenhengo dzebasa rekubatana. Shanduko kune charter inoitwa nesarudzo yeGeneral Assembly.
Nhengo Mukubatana
Nhengo yekushandira pamwe inosungirwa kuti iite neCharter uye zvisarudzo zvinoshandisa zvakatemwa nemiviri yemasokisi, nenzira yakakodzera kuita mutero uye nemimwe mipiro, kuti urege kuita mabasa ezvimwe nhengo dzepamoyo uye miviri yayo (chinyorwa 8). Iyo ine mhosva yezvisungo zvayo kune lna, semuenzaniso, kana ichinonoka dhipoziti uye zvimwe zvipo (chinyorwa 6). Huwandu hwechirango cheiyi kutyorwa kwakatemwa mune charter mune yekubatana, asi haigone kuve yakakwira kupfuura iyo 1/300 yekunatsa mwero weRussia Federation (ikozvino 13%) zuva rega rega rekunonoka.
Nhengo mune yekubatana inogumiswa muchiitiko chekuzvidira kubva kuLNG, izvo zvinhengo cherinoshanda pamwe chete, kuendesa kugoverana kune mumwe munhu, kufa kwenhengo yeLNG, kufadza kuna Pai, kugadzira chikamu chekugovana kune iyo yakazara yakazara uye kuendesa dzimba kune muridzi wemuperembudzi wenhengo uye, chokwadi, kushandurirwa kwezvinhu, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, nekuda kwekurova kwayo (chinyorwa 9). Pashure pokunge Haasisina nhengo pamwe, mumwe munhu uye nhengo dzemhuri yake inofanira kusunungura dzimba inogarwa kodzero dzavo, kwemwedzi miviri (Article 32). Zvekare vanozvidzora, maererano neiyo itsva dzimba dzekugara, zvinokwanisika chete nesarudzo yedare (uye isina kupihwa kwedzimwe dzimba).
Ivo vanosashanda kubva kune mushandi wekutadza kutevedzera mabasa, zvakare, chete mudare (!), Pahwaro hwesarudzo yeGeneral Assembly kana bhodhi recomputer (chinyorwa cheChinyorwa cheColind Asi pamberi pekupinda muchisarudzo chedare kumanikidza munhu akatogamuchira kubva kuLNA kuti ashandise pekugara, ane kodzero yekuita chikamu chesangano yemupiro wake uye, saka, ronga imba kana pfuma.
Lng haifanire kuve mapiramidhi emari yeNew Russia. Iyo mamiriro achanyatso kudzora kutevedzera zviyero zvakanyatsogadzirwa kuti aongorore kuchengetedza kwemari yemabasa akadaro, uye nekuita kwemutemo pane lna.
Kudzora
Nhengo dzeBhodhi uye Audit Commission, zvinopesana nemaonero akagadzwa, mihoro yezviitiko zvavo kazhinji haina kugamuchirwa (kana izvi zvisina kupihwa neicherwe yeiyo lna kana sarudzo yeGeneral Assembly). Asi ivo vanogona kudzoreredza mari inobhadharwa, "yakamhanyidzana nekuita kwekushandiswa kwezviitiko" mumiviri yekudyidzana. Nekudaro, iyo dhairekitori uye mamaneja anoshandiswa, akashandiswa kushanda muLNA, seimwe sangano kana yakasimba. Nhengo dzeBhodhi Dzinosarudzwa pamusangano mukuru wenhengo dzepamhondi dzekubatana, dzipi, dzatinoyeuka, dzinoitwa gore rimwe nerimwe. Kutongwa kamwe pazuva, apo musangano uyu wakaitika, masimba ebhodhi anopera.
General Musangano Nhengo - Iyo yepamusoro yepamusoro yeinoshandira pamwe (chinyorwa 34) - inotora zvese zvisarudzo zvakakosha zvine chekuita nebasa rakakosha reLNA. Chisarudzo pane iyo nyaya chakabvunzwa pane vhoti inoitwa neruzhinji rwemavhoti (nhengo yega yega inzwi rimwe chete). Zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvakafanira kuti ubvumirwe neyechero yeLNA, kuwedzeredzwa kwezvinhu zvemukati zvinodzora zviitwa zvekubatana, izvo zvinopihwa pakuumbwa kwechimiro chechikamu uye kushandiswa kwayo , pamwe nekuita sarudzo pakurwazve kana kudzimwa kweiyo lng uye kugadzwa kweiyo commission yemvura.
Fomu yemusangano mukuru inogona kuve yakazara-nguva uye kunyorerana (chinyorwa 36). Aesli nhamba yenhengo dzecomputer inodarika vanhu mazana mashanu, musangano mukuru unogona kuitwa muchimiro cheunganidzwa yemvumo yemvumo yemvumo yemvumo yemvumo. Ivo vanosarudzwa kubva pakati penhengo dzeLNG, dzisiri chikamu chebhodhi kana miviri yemukuru wecomputer (chinyorwa 41). Nhengo dzeChinyorwa (kanokwana gumi muzana yehuwandu) uye, chokwadha, iyo bhodhi, iyo miviri yekuongorora uye miviri yemubatanidzwa inogona kutanga general general general (chinyorwa 35). Nenzira, inofanira kuve yakaunganidzwa kana paine yekuwonekwa kurasikirwa kunopfuura 25% yeiyo fest fart. Kupfuura zvese, ivo vanozofanira kudzoreredzwa nemipiro yekuwedzera yenhengo dzese dzekubatana!
Dare Rinodzora "Zvinotakura zviitiko zvezvakabatana panguva dzemisangano yakajairika yenhengo dzepamoyo" (chinyorwa 42). Nhengo dzebhodhi dzinofanira kunge dzinosvika zvitatu, ndeipi imwe isachigaro. Chikamu chimwe chetatu chehuwandu hwenhengo dzebhodhi (semuenzaniso, imwe ye vatatu) ine kodzero yekusanganisa zviitiko zvavo nebasa iri muLNA pabasa reBhuku.
Mupiro weiyo kirabhu yekushandira pamwe kazhinji ndeya:
Kugamuchira munhengo dzevhiri rekubatana uye kudzikiswa kwenhengo mazviri;
kuungana uye kubata kwemisangano yakajairika yenhengo dzecomputer;
Sarudzo kana kugadzwa kwemiviri yemukurukurirana kwekubatana, kutonga pamusoro pemabasa avo, kutanga kusimudzwa kwemasimba avo;
Kubvumidzwa kwehunyanzvi hwekutamisa dzimba kuti dzishandise nhengo yeLNA;
Kubvumidzwa kweAUDVERMIL UYE KUPEDZISIRA KWEMUFANANIDZO UYE ZVINOGONESESA ZVINOGONESESA NEMI;
Kubvumidzwa kwekutanga kwemafomu ekutora chikamu mune zviitiko zvebhandi rekubatana, yepagore rekodhi uye yekubvumidza kutaurisa, kuongorora;
Kuita zvisarudzo pakugadzwa kwematavi uye kuvhurwa kwemahofisi emumiriri weiyi lng;
kubvumidzwa kweiyo yakagumisa chikwereti uye zvibvumirano zvechikwereti;
Dzimwe nyaya dzinopihwa nemutemo.
Zvisarudzo zvese zvinotorwa pamisangano yebhodhi uye zvinopihwa muchimiro chemubato, izvo zvinyoratidzwa nemuranda webhodhi uye secretary wemusangano. Fiute, nhengo dzevashandi pamwe chete nemwedzi mitanhatu vane kodzero yekukwikwidza mudare sarudzo yakatorwa nebhodi yekutyora, charter kana mamwe magwaro emukati ebhandi.
Dare Rokuongorora (Auditor) lng panzvimbo yemusangano mukuru wenhengo dzepamoyo dzinoshanda zvinoshanda zvinoshandisa kudzora kwemari yemari uye hupfumi hwesangano. MaOritors haagone kusanganisa zviitiko zvavo nebasa racho mushandirapamwe yechibvumirano chebasa (chinyorwa 43).
Director (Directorerate) - Muviri weCommin ye lnk- inoraudzana zviitiko zvazvino zvecomputer (chinyorwa 44). Kana paine vanopfuura mazana mashanu emavara musangano, iyo dhairekitori, muviri wekusaroora unodikanwa. Mushandi anogona kuramba kuhaya varipo varipo uye nekuchinjisa masimba aya kune rimwe repamutemo sangano kana munhu wemunhu mumwe nemumwe. Vachaita sesangano rekutarisira kana maneja. Izwi rehofisi yemiviri yemukuru weEDS iri kunyoreswa mune charter yeinoshanda pamwe uye haigone kupfuura makore mashanu. Iyo inogara yakajeka kana ichidikanwa, chete pahwaro hwesarudzo yemusangano mukuru wenhengo dzebasa rekubatana.
Mutemo unoita zvakanaka zvinodikanwa zvekudyidzana nevakuru vebashande (chinyorwa 45). Nhengo yebhodhi uye Audit Commission, mutezo kana nhengo yemubatanidzwa wemubatanidzwa haagone kuve munhu akatevera pane chero chinzvimbo chimwe, kana panguva iyo dare rine zvisarudzo zvine Littleation yesangano iri kana iyo application kune iyo bankruptcy maitiro apfuura apfuura makore matatu. Hazvigoneke kutungamira lng uye vanhu vane tsotsi rezvematsotsi kumhosva mumunda wehupfumi.
Wese munhu akamira mumusoro wesangano anofanirwa kuita zvido zvepashandirani, kuita kodzero dzayo uye kuita mabasa "mukutenda kwakanaka uye kunonzwisisika" (chinyorwa 46). Vakuru velna vane mutoro (Administrative, uye mune dzimwe nguva tsotsi) yekukuvara kwakakonzerwa nekushandira pamwe nekuita kwavo kana kusashanda. Hapana mhosva yavanofanira kuratidza kuva mhosva. Mutoro uyu hautore chete nhengo idzo dzemagariro ezvekubatana zveinoshanda pamwe, uyo akapotsa chisarudzo chakakonzera kukuvadza.
Pane zvimiro zvemidziyo
Ndinoda kutarisisa zvakanyanya kuti mumwe wevakaroorana anogona kusundirwa nenhengo yeLNG, asi iyo nzira yemuridzi wepositi yemurume anogoverwa. Nekukumbira kweumwe wavo, pavanonyoresa kodzero yeimba yedzimba dzekugara, chikamu chinogona kutsanangurwa, uye mumwe nemumwe wevakaroorana anowana gwaro rekunyoreswa kwenzvimbo yeiyo kodzero yekunyoresa. Nhengo imwe neimwe yeinoshanda ine kodzero yekuchenjera kuti iite mubhadharo wake, kusanganisira kuiita uye kuendesa kune imwe nhengo yebato rekubatana kana wechitatu risingakwanisi kurambidzwa kubvumidzwa kweLNA. Kuteerera kurufu rwenhengo yemugove wekushandira pamwe chete pasi pemutemo kana mune anozogashira mipiro yayo uye ine kodzero yekutanga yekujoinha nhengo dzeLNA.
Nyika kudzora uye kuvimbisa
Urongwa hwekuwana dzimba kuburikidza ne lng inoita kunge yakanaka kwazvo. Asi hazvingadaro kuti zvibodzwa zvakadaro zvichave mapiramidhi anotevera emari eRussia New Russia? Kwete, hazvifanirwe kudaro. YB Mutemo Nhamba 215 Chitsauko chose chakazvipira kuti uve nechokwadi chekutsigirwa kwemari yeLNA uye kutonga kwemabasa avo.
Kujairana kwekutsigirwa kwemari kwekubatana kunopihwa nezvinodiwa zvakanyanya (art.47). Kutanga, saizi yechikamu chemugodhi wemupiro, mushure meiyo nhengo yeLna inoonekwa kodzero yekutenga kana kuvakwa neimba yekushandisa, panogona kunge pasina isingasviki 30% yehuwandu hwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwakafungidzirwa mupiro wekuwirirana. (Zviri pachena kuti munhu akaisa mari yakakomba mari uye akagamuchira imba yekushandiswa ichave ichisungwa kuitira kuti ikurumidze kupa basa uye kuronga dzimba.) Chipiri, iyo lng inogona kuwedzera munhu akadai kusvika pakukora kwe Mari imwechete sezvaakazviita. (Saka, munyaya ye3% mukaka yekuunganidzwa, imwe 40% yemutengo wedzimba hadzizove zvakakwana.) Nekushayikwa kwemari yekutenga kana kuvakwa kwedzimba kwechikamu chekubatana, icho chakaitwa chikamu che Goverana, unogona, zvechokwadi, wakabatanidzwa uye wakakweretwa mari, asi watove pasi pebhangi rakasimba. Saka zvinobatsira zvakanyanya kuunganidza makumi mashanu muzana emutengo wedzimba. Ipapo mushandirapabhesi anowedzera hafu yechipiri, kana ikapihwa neyaro charter. Chechitatu, iyo shoma izwi rekugadzira nhengo yeLCG chikamu chemuzvipiriso, mushure mekunge iye ane chishuwo chekugamuchira kubva kune kambani yekushandira kushandisa pekugara, anogona kunge asiri pasi pemakore maviri. Assroce achigadzira iyo yakasara yemupiro wakagovaniswa haafanire kupfuura izwi rekugadzira chikamu charo chinopfuura imwe nehafu nguva. (Saka, kana iwe ukarova hafu yekutanga yemutengesi, uti, kwemakore matatu, iwe uchafanirwa kubhadhara wechipiri kwemakore matatu.) Chechina, kushandira pamwe pachako, kushandisa kodzero yenhengo dzayo kugamuchira dzimba dzekugara, hazvigone Chengetedza mari yekuwana kodzero dzekugara dzimba dzekuvakwa uye zvakananga mukuvaka kwayo zvinopfuura makumi maviri muzana emutengo weiyo lna. Anofanira kurega mari huru pakutengwa kwedzimba mumusika wechipiri, kuti ave panjodzi pane zvishoma, kamwe kamwe imba haizopedzerwe?
Izvo zvisingakwanisi kutsanangurwa mumutemo Nhamba 215 zvine chekuita nekushandira pamwe kwekutengeserana (chinyorwa 48). Semuenzaniso, iyo LNA haina kodzero yekuburitsa zvikwereti, kupa nzvimbo dzekugara, dzimba dzekutamisa kushandisa kwemahara, kuita sevheni, kupa mari yekubvumidzwa yemamwe masangano emamwe masangano. Iyo mibairo, yakawanikwa kana yakavakwa pamwe neinoshanda pamwe, inogona kuendeswa kune dhipoziti (chikwereti), asi kungopa zvinodiwa kuti zviitwe kuti udzore chikwereti (chikwereti) pakutenga kwayo kana kuvaka.
Mitemo yakasarudzika inogadzirwa kuti iongororwe zvekutsigira kwemari yemabasa eLNA, nzira dzedudziro dzadzo uye hukuru hunosimbiswa nehurumende yeRussian Federation (Chinyorwa 49). Iyi ndiyo zviyero zvekuchengeteka zvazvino zvezvisungo zveLNA, chiyero chazvino chezviitiko zvekubatana, chiyero chekero cheLNA, Chikwereti chakakwana chevanomwe Kubatana, kurovedzera chikwereti kweLNA, chikwereti chenhengo dzebasa rekubatana, pamwe nezvimwe, izvo zvakagadzwa nemitemo uye ekuzvidzora zviito zvehurumende yeAArF. Muviri wehurumende wemubatanidzwa unoteverwa nekuteerera, izvo zvinoita mabasa ekudzora nekutarisira mumunda wemisika yemari, uye miviri yayo. Izvi zvinoreva kune iyo Federal Commisika Misika Service (FSFR). Iwo maitiro ekudzora anoshanda: Kana mushandi asingateedzere pane imwe yeanenge manomwe akarairwa zviyero, haana kodzero yekuita zviitiko kukwezva nhengo nyowani.
Isu tinovimba kuti yakawanda yeminongedzo ichaonekwa muRussia munguva pfupi. Dzimwe nzira dzavanobatanidza nemasangano ekuzvidzora - kushamwaridzana kwekuzvidira kwakafanana nenzira yezvishamiso. Aya masangano anokudziridza uye asimudzire mitemo uye zviyero zvinovimbisa kutevedzera zvido zveLNA uye kushandiswa kwezviitiko zvinobudirira kukwezva uye kushandisa mari yekuwana dzimba, kutarisa kwekuteerera nezvinodiwa nazvo mutemo. Zvese-ndipo pane ramangwana riri padyo.
Vagadziri vanovonga gweta Lyubov Danilov kuti vabatsirwe mukugadzirira zvinhu.