ABLAGED ANE uye ICCICLES pam mafungu. Kugadzirisa Dambudziko - Inti-Flaking Systems yedenga.
1 - Shell;
2 - the they
3 - kuzviparadzanisa;
4 - Wires
Nguva yechando mumakwikwi edu hazviwanzoitika kutonhora zvakaenzana kana, pane zvinopesana, kudziya. Kazhinji kazhinji, iyo thaw inotsiviwa nedutu, dzinotonhora - thaw. Murwere wemamiriro ezvinhu muvaridzi veimba zhinji anoonekwa nedambudziko rakaoma - maCornices uye icicles pamaraini. Iwe unogona kurwisa ice uchishandisa anti-icing system.
Nei chando chakashata
Pasi pemamwe mamiriro ekunze, uremu hwechirongwa chete chezuva rimwe chete chinogona kuwedzera nemakumi maviri emakirogiramu. Saka, chitarisiko chakanakisa chechando chechando chichava chaicho chaicho chaicho kune vese vagari pamba. Zvakanaka, iwe uchafunga, mukana wekudonha iyo icicle haina kunyanya kukwirira, asi kana zvichiita, inogona kugogodzwa pasi chero giya. Nei uchishandisa mari nekuisa mamwe masisitimu kurwisa kugadzirwa kwechando?Muchokwadi, dambudziko reimba yedenga rakakura kupfuura mubvunzo, icicle ichawira kana kwete. Haisi chete kupaza kwakakwana kweiyo mauto mazhinji echando anogadzira njodzi chaiyo kuhupenyu hwevanhu uye anogona kukuvadza kwete chete mota, asi zvakare motokari dzeimba. Nekuda kwekuunganidzwa kwechando, mutoro weiyo edenga anowedzera, mabhureki ekusimbisa mapipi ekudhirowa uye mabhurugwa, ayo anoisa kuderedzwa kwehupenyu hwavo hwebasa, uye nekuwedzera kwemari yako ye basa rekugadzirisa rakakodzera. Sezvo ma drins uye maguruva anovharirwa nechando, mvura mumvura yemuchina uye munguva yechando pane thaws kana kuyerera pane iyo faced, kana kunonoka pamusoro pedenga remba. Mukutanga, kubhururuka kunogoneka. Uye ivo vanobva vatambura mafuro epamusoro eimba uye chikamu chechikamu chiri pedyo nedhodhi uye endands (kureva kuti mitsara yemabhatani edenga). Mhedzisiro yekuchenesa kwemuchina yekuchenesa zviso zvesimba mukukura kwakazara. Iri basa rinokanganisika zvakanyanya, uye denga rinogona kukanganisa, nekuti zvinhu zvizhinji zvedenga (simbi tiles, galvaned simbi, mhangura) inoteerera mazvine manhamba.
Zvinoitika kuti zvinodikanwa kurwisa ice. Uye heino hurongwa hwemagetsi uchidzidzira ezvikamu zvedenga idzodzo dzinogona kuuya kuzonunura, uko mukana wekuumbwa wawo unonyanya kukosha. Zvinokosha zverudzi urwu seyakaipisa chinhu chinoshandiswa zvinokwanisika tambo dzakasimudzwa mumadhiraini uye magurtters. Nekuda kweizvi, chando chakaderedzwa hachishanduke kuita chando, uye muchimiro chemvura inonyungudika inoyerera pasi.
Zvese pachando!
Chii chinogona kupokana nechimiro pane chimiro? Pamwe chete tekinoroji emazuva ano. Paunenge uchigadzira masisitimu ekunamatira, mainjiniya aipinda kubva pane zvekufunga kuti zvinobatsira kupisa mvura yekunyungudika, pasina kuzviripa kuti iome pane kunyungudika. Kana zvakadaro, zvichatora simba rakawanda, zvinoreva kuti kushandiswa kwemagetsi kuchawedzera hupfumi. Saka basa guru renyika riri panguva yechando uye offSeon kuti riperekedze mvura kudenga kuenda kuimba yepasi, irege kuchibvumira kuti itarise pazvinhu zvedenga uye mumadhirowa, uye panguva imwe chete. Inodonha, kukuvara kwekupedza kweiyo facade uye kusimbisa mapaipi ekudhirowa. Iyi ipfungwa yakareruka iri mune yayo yakakosha muchimiro cheiyo yakaomarara engineering yakaoma. Iyo nheyo yebasa rake inonyanya kuitika kune inotevera.
Mune "nzvimbo dzisingakundiki dzedenga (maguriri, madhiri, anogombedzera.), Uko kazhinji kunowanzoumbwa, uye munzira yekuputika kwemvura, ine tambo yekupisa kubva kune itsting of 230v yakaiswa . Akapisa anotonga anokosha otomatiki themostat iyo inogamuchira mirairo kubva kune imwe kana kupfuura sensors yakaiswa padenga remba. Izvi zvinogona kupisa sensors, mhepo uye yakasvibirira humidity, mvura kuwanikwa sensor. Pachangoita kuti mamiriro ezvinhu anobatsira kuti gadziriswe yechando mumhepo (uye izvi zvikaitika, sekutonga, panguva yekudonha kwechinguvana chando pane chikamu chikuru chedenga pane thaw), thermostat ( Kana chirongwa chechirongwa, rudzi rweimba yemasimba metelological station) "Inoshanda" kuyerera kwemagetsi, uye tambo yokuwedzera inotanga kuratidza kupisa. Mvura yakagadzirwa zvakasununguka uye inoyerera zvakasununguka kuburikidza neiyo grooves, trays uye kudhonza.
Nei kuoneka icicles
Iro pachayo, chando chakawira padenga hachiumiriri njodzi. Dambudziko rese nderekuti iyo misa yechando inotanga kutendeuka kuita chando pasi pesimba rezvinhu zviviri - technogenic uye zvakasikwa. Mhepo yemhepo tembiricha inoshanduka ine amplitude inosvika 15c. Uye ne oscillation mune kubva kune +3 ... + 5c masikati kusvika -6 ... 10c manheru anogadzirwa nemamiriro ezvinhu akanaka ekuumbwa kwenyika. Melta mvura pakutanga inoyerera chikamu, chidimbu chemahara, kugadzira ice pasi pamadhiri uye magiramu. Asi pakangopetwa nzira padenga remba nekuda kwekukurumidza kutambisa kwemvura, kuchenjera kwekudziya kwakashata kwasununguka. Uyezve, nekukanganisa kwenguva pfupi yekupisa (semuenzaniso, mwaranzi yezuva rakatanhamara), plugs ice haina kunyungudika, asi chete kuwedzera. Nekuda kweizvozvo, zvakazara congention, corks uye zvicles mamita akati wandei uye kuyera kusvika kumazana emakirogiramu, kutyisidzira kutendeka kweiyo yemvura system inogona kuumbwa.
Chikonzero chikuru chekuonekwa kwemusiyano wekupisa pakati pechikamu chedenga uye pamucheto, uko madhiri anowanikwa. Inogona kumuka nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakati wandei. Iyo inowanzoitika kupisa inonyura kuburikidza nedenga yepamusoro uye padenga, nekuda kwekuti tembiricha yemukati yedenga yakakwira kupfuura tembiricha yemigwagwa yemugwagwa. Mutsauko wedziya unowedzera kana pasina mukati mekusvinura mumba, kana ivo vanokwira pasi pekugara pazvinhu zvekugara kana kuti kune midziyo yemafuta, yakadai seyakawedzera, etc. iyo yakadzika mataira yekuvhara kwechando pane imwe imba inodziya. inoiswa, inoshanduka kuita kunge inonyungudika mvura inoyerera ichipinda mumvura inotonhora uye inosunungura ipapo, ichivhara kumwe kubviswa kwemvura. Mansards, turlts, marudzi ese ezvipenga, zvakaoma matanda nemakona emukati, nzvimbo dzakakomberedza "dze" dzemawindo edzimba kubva kufashoni haubudi kunze. Uye, maiwe, zvinobatsira pakuumbwa kwechando. Nenzira iyi, kubva pane ino maonero, nyanzvi dzinofunga zvakanyanya pakati peRussia denga remuviri rakadzika kwazvo nekona yekuda kusvika makumi matatu isarudzo yakakwana yechando.
Nekuda kweiyo solar radiation pamiganhu yechando chifukidziro, kunyungudika kunoitwa. Sekureva kweMeteorologists, paavhareji, anenge makumi manomwe ekupisa ekupisa anonyorwa pamusoro pe0C. Idzi dzidziso dzezuva nezuva dzinotungamira kukurumidza kutonhora kwemhepo (uye nokudaro madhiri echando padenga padenga remba, pamwe chete nezvinhu zvedenga roga, unogona kuponesa kupisa kwechinguva.
Kazhinji, iyo system yeanti-icing uye yekudziya yedenga uye kudhirowa ine inoverengeka inoshanda subsystems. Kutanga, ndidzo inonzi "inopisa chikamu" - iyo tambo yekupisa chaiko, iyo inofanira kunge yakachengeteka magetsi, inogara yakasimba, ichishatiswa, inodzivirira zuva nezuva. Chikamu chakakosha che "kupisa" subsystem marudzi ese ekunyepedzera zvinhu. Ivo vanogadzirisa tambo dzekupisa munzvimbo dzakatemerwa kwedenga nzvimbo uye mune zvigadzirwa zveDrunge. Uye, chechipiri, iyo network yekugovera iseti yesimba uye kusaina (ruzivo) tambo uye switchgears yekuchinja waya. Iyi subsystem inopa zvisungo zvekupa simba kune zvese zvinhu zvechikamu chekudziya uye ita zvikwangwani zveruzivo kubva kune sensors kune iyo yekudzora. "Mwoyo" yeAnti-icing Complex inzvimbo yekudzora otomatiki mune inokosha maTermostators anobatanidzwa, tembiricha uye ekunyanyisa sensors, yekuyerera-inogadzirisa uye yekufambisa uye yekudzivirira uye yekudzivirira uye yekudzivirira uye yekudzivirira uye yekudzivirira uye yekudzivirira uye yekudzivirira uye yekudzivirira uye yekudzivirira uye yekudzivirira uye yekudzivirira uye yekudzivirira uye yekudzivirira uye yekudzivirira uye yekudzivirira uye yekudzivirira.
Kupisa kunomhanya pane waya
Ino ndiyo nguva yekutaura nezvezvinhu zvakakosha zvehurongwa. Ngatitangei nezvakanyanya kukosha, nezvinhu zvekupisa. Basa rehasha mune iyo anti-icing complexs inoridzwa neakakosha tambo. Kugadzwa kwavo ndiko kushandura magetsi aripo ekupisa kuyerera pavari. Naizvozvo, iro simba pachikamu chekureba (chaicho kupisa kusunungurwa) ndiyo yakanyanya kukosha technical turmet. Iyo tambo yakavezwa uye yakagadziriswa munzvimbo dzakatarisirwa icing, padivi pedenga reimba uye kudonha, mumwenje, magetsi, mapepa, etc.), pamwe chete neyakagadziriswa. Pamatenga edenga nematenga nedenga diki (kusvika pamakumi matatu), tambo yekudziya inowanzoiswa pamusoro pechinhu chose kana kugashira madhiri uye nzvimbo dziri padyo nekudonha.Mabhokisi ekuramba ane nguva inogara isina kuchinjika pamwe nehurefu hwese uye ine mafuta esimbi mitezo, insulation, mhangura bhurawu uye shell yekunze. Nhasi, musika weRussia unoburitsa tambo dzinopesana neyekuti "Systems dzakakosha uye matekiniki", Russia), Spaits (Spain), Enosto, Tash (Finland), Nexans Norway se (Samseti, Norway / France), Devi (Denmark).
Semutemo, kana uchiisa mashandisiro ezvikamu, kana tambo yakapihwa mumabhawa (zvigubhu). Zvikamu zvatove zvakagadzirirwa-zvakagadzirwa zvigadzirwa zvechikamu chakagadziriswa-chakareba clutch kufekitori chakanyorwa neiyo inonzi "Wire Wire Yakagadzirirwa Kubatanidza (" Kunopisa ") Cable na network yemagetsi. Kureba kwe "kutonhora kwemapere" kunogadziriswa zvakare uye ndeye 0.75-3m. Magumo emawaya ekudya akaomeswa mubhokisi rekuparadzira rematare, uko dzadzvanyirwi nemamwe magetsi magetsi, iyo iyo mari yekupa simba kubva nhoo yemagetsi inopiwa. Saka, kutaura zvazviri, chikamu chekudziya ndicho chinhu chikuru cheAnti-Special Intires, uye kuunganidza waya inotonhora nekugara ichidziya uye inozotonhora cable chinhu chakanyanya kukosha cheiyo yese dhizaini. Hupenyu hwekushandira hwegadziriro hunoenderana nekuvimbika kwehurongwa, saka vagadziri vanowanzoona chikamu chekudziya munzvimbo dzine hutsinye. Mazhinji mafemu anobatanidza tambo yekuchengetedza marasha ane waya anotonhora achishandisa michina yakaputika. Izvo zvinoiswa mubhokisi repurasitiki uye wozadza zvine musoro mastic. Izvi zvinovimbisa kuvimbika uye kusimba kwekubatana. Cheka zvikamu zvakagadzirwa-zvakagadzirwa hazvigone.
Imwe sarudzo ndeyekuisa tambo yekudziya kubva ku bays. Tambo yakadaro inotemwa munzvimbo yekuisa, uye inobatanidza nzvimbo dzekupisa-dzinosimbiswa dzinoshandiswa kubatanidza kushandisa simba kana zvimwe zvikamu zvekupisa.
Mazhinji mafemu anogadzira zvikamu zvakagadzirirwa-zvakazara, uye tambo mumabhawa. Nekudaro, iyo DSIG Series kubva kuVhigi, Thermocable SVK kubva kuTernmo, Tassu kubva kuToTo inopihwa muzvikamu zvine urefu hwekudziya uye mafaira emasimba. Mabhokisi ari muBobbins anopa Ceilhit, Nexans, Devi, tash, etc. asi kuti zvisakwanisika: Iyo tambo kureba inokonzerwa nekupokana, yakasarudzika simba uye voltage yakashandiswa voltage. Iyo yekupisa kwechizvarwa simba inoenderana nehukuru hwechikamu. Krymera, kuti uwane simba rinodiwa re30w / m. Ye tambo nekudzikisira kwe 70m / m. Isu tinoda kureba kwe1.5m. Kana iri shoma, tambo ichanyanyisa kana isingasviki zita rechinonomuka.
Dambudziko rekuumbwa kwenyika rinonyanya kukosha kusatonhora munguva yechando, asi panguva dzematatya, kana tembiricha yemhepo ichipfuura ne zero nemvura kubva kuchando chakaderedzwa chakangopera. Dzimwe nguva ku + +3 ... + 4c ndeyechinayo nemvura, uye kupisa kudhirowa kunongodiwa. Iyo yakadzika miganho tembiricha iyo iyo yekunyungudika yechando padenga. Nzira iyi maitiro anomira pa0. Asi sezvo chivakwa chinorasikirwa nechikamu chekupisa kuburikidza nedenga, mvura inogona kudonhedza kubva pamvura uye pa -10s. Kazhinji denga harive neyakajeka. Dzimba zhinji, kunyanya yakagadzirwazve, ine mapuranga emakamuri kuburikidza nekurasikirwa kwakanyanya kupisa, uye, nenzira kwayo, kuumbwa kwedenga padenga kunoitika zvakanyanya.
Kushanda kweiyo anti-icing masisitimu pakupisa pazasi -15с, sekutonga, hakudiwa. Chekutanga, mune ino kesi, kazhinji hazviwanzo kuumbwa nekuwana uye zvakapusa zvinoderedza huwandu hwenyoro nekuda kwekushomeka kwedenga roga roga. Kechipiri, mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, nhamba yekudonha-pasi pekusimira muchimiro chechando chakaderedzwa.
Hazvina kutyisa kana chando chikawira panguva yemamiriro ekunze. Kuti inyunguze, iwe uchafanirwa, mune dzidziso, kuisa matatu kana mana tambo. Asi ichi chinowedzera mubhadharo yehurongwa 2 kana katatu. Naizvozvo, zvine musoro kumirira, kana uchidziya uye chando chinotanga kusimudza. Ndokusaka maitiro ekushanda ehurongwa anogumira kune pasi -6 tembiricha ...- 15c.
Kusvika parizvino, vagadziri vanogadzira tambo dzinopikisa kana imwe chete-core (ine imwe yekudziya yekuchengetedza), kana maviri-pot dhizaini (imwe yekudziya-kupisa, yechipiri-inobatanidza). Chikamu chemuchikamu chemuchimwe cheyakawedzera chakabatana neyekupihwa network pamapepa ese maviri, uye tambo mbiri chete kubva kune imwe plug, mukati merimwe kupisa uye inobatanidza mitsva yakabatana). Kushandiswa kwematare maviri-ekudzimba dzekupfura kuri nyore kana kuiswa, asi ivo zvishoma zvinodhura kupfuura imwe-core. Kupisa matsenga anodzivirirwa nekuvharwa kwemanyorerwe emanyorerwo ehuremu hwePolyethyle, pamusoro peiyo imwe nzvimbo yekunzwa yaiswa, uye ipapo iyo mhangura yekuchengetedzeka. Kunze, tambo yakachengetedzwa neyakawedzera-simba soll yePolyvinyl chloride (PVC) kana kubva kuFluoropolymomer.
Ehe, mugadziri wega wega anotarisira kuti tambo yake inoshanda kwenguva yakareba sezvinobvira uye yaive yakavimbika. Semuenzaniso, iyo thermocable svk inodzivisa tambo kubva kuTERMO YEMAHARA-YAKABUDA PEINS yakadzivirirwa neyakadzika bread kubva kune yemadhaka yemadyo. Insulation yemukati, matsotsi akagadzirwa neSilicone Rubber, anoramba kupisa madonhwe. Kuwedzera insulation ndeye yakakwira-simba polyester firimu. Iyo tambo pachayo inosimbiswa neFiberglass, uye iyo yekunze shell yakagadzirwa nePVC. Mumusika weRussia, tambo dzinobva kuna Ceiflon neTeflon kuunganidzwa kwetsika dzakaonekwa kuti kwete kungowedzera tembiricha yekupisa (kusvika pa50-60 ° C), asi zvakare kugadzirisa kufanana kwekupisa kunyura.
Semhando dzakasiyana-siyana dziri mukirasi ye "waya homeya dzinopesana", unogona kutaura zvinonzi zvinonzi zoni cables. Ivo vanoratidzwa, semuenzaniso, zvigadzirwa zveHeattrace (United Kingdom) uye CST. Chinhu chemafuta pano chinopunzika waya kubva pakakwirira kurwisa Alloy, Superimposed pane maviri maviri anofambisa anoita mafambiro. Uyezve, "spiral" danho renhanho nedzimba idzi hadziiti kupfuura 1m. Saka, kupisa kusvibisa nzvimbo dzakaumbwa, dzakabatana mukufananidza. Iyo tambo ine akawanda ekudziya matunhu uye anogona kushandiswa nezvimedu. Kuvanderedza, iwe haurege kuisa pangozi kutyora basa renguo yese. Mabambo eZonal dzimwe nguva anonzi "Quasis-kuora", nekuti panguva yekuisa ivo vanokwanisa kutemwa "panzvimbo" kune zvidimbu, zvakazara munzvimbo yekupisa, zvakananga panzvimbo. Nokudaro kuderedza tambo yakanyanyisa.
Zonal waya ine chaiyo yekupisa kupaza kubva pa15 kusvika ku200w / m (zvichienderana nechikamu chemuchinjiko chemuchengeti) uye zvinopihwa kubva kune imwe mugumo. Ivo vanokurudzirwa kuiswa pamatenga edenga, mune refu uye yakareba-madhiri-madhiri (40m uye zvimwe), pamwe nehurongwa hwekushaikwa kwepasi rinodiwa. Vitoga inoshanduka iyo panguva imwe chete iyo yakaoma hunhu hweZONAL Cable inokura kubva pakushayikwa kwekuremekedzwa.
Rudzi rwakaparadzana rwemabhandi anodzvinyirira dzinogona kutariswa matsekisirwo avo emaoko ane imwe chete kana kaviri braid kubva kuSimbi Wires - yekudzivirira yakavimbika kubva mukukuvara kwemuchina. Nzvimbo huru yekushandiswa kwemadombo akadai ari kuiswa mukongiri akaiswa nehurongwa hwekudzora nzvimbo dzakavhurika, ramps, matanho, pamwe nemitezo yemakona yekudonha.
| Rudzi rwetambo | Kugadzwa kukuru | Simba renji, w / m | Chikamu urefu | Kushanda padenga | Mutengo, $ / M |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kudzivirira | Yakapfeka Pipi, Matinji, Madhiri | 5-30; Simba Rakasimba | Yakagadziriswa, 10-200 m | Limited | 2.5-5 |
| Kuzviisa pasi | Yakapfeka Pipi, Matinji, Madhiri | 5-60; SIMBA RINOGONESA | Chero munhu anosvika mazana mashanu em, kucheka panzvimbo | Izere | 13-25 |
| Zone | Yakapfeka Pipi, Matinji | 108; Simba remagetsi rine mukana wekusakosha kururamisa | Chero munhu anosvika mazana mashanu em, kucheka panzvimbo | Kupisa mireza refu | 3-10. |
| Armored | Yakashongedzwa nzvimbo yakavhurika, kudhonzwa | 20-60; Simba Rakasimba | Yakagadziriswa, ine mukana wekukwira panzvimbo ye1-2 m | Kupisa madhiri, anodonhedza, kongiri yematanda | 2-4 |
MuRussia, tambo dzinoramba dzine "nhumbi dzokurwa" dzinowanikwa kazhinji nekambani yekambani. Inogadzira, kunyanya, tambo dzinodzivisa dzimba dzeTSB yeSimba Simba (kusvika pamakumi matatu / m) yekupisa denga, masaiti ekunze. Iyo chigadzirwa chine yakakwirira michina simba uye kuramba kusvika kupfupi-term kufuratira. Kana zvichidikanwa, iwe unogona kusarudza tambo uye uine yakakwirira chaiyo kupisa chizvarwa, semuenzaniso, armored em2-xr kubva paychem ine huwandu hweinosvika ku130W / m. Iyo "Yepamhepo" dial inofanirwa kusanganisira psv tambo (pekugara, ine copper yemarara-simbi yesimbi) kubva kuCeilhit, neBC Armored tambo yakagadzirwa neCST muPolymer goll.
Russian Russian Catchical tambo dzakachipa. Kana iri zvigadzirwa kunze kwenyika, 1pog.m of the tambo ye chero brand brand inodhura $ 1.5-5. Zvipenga zviviri-zvemakamuri zvinodhura kupfuura imwe-liner inenge $ 0.05-0.1. Panguva imwecheteyo, mhando yezvigadzirwa kubva kune akasiyana magadziri ari pane imwechete yakakwirira chikamu. Iyo inodzivirira tambo yekugadzira imba yeiyo anti-icing system "teploskat" kubva kuCST inodhura nezve $ 2,5-3 for 1pog.m.
Mukupesana nekudzivisa, kuzvidzora tambo dzakatenderedza dzinoshanduka dzinotsemuka kupaza kwavo kwekupisa zvichienderana nekushisa kwenzvimbo yekunze. Uyezve, huwandu hwekupisa wakaburitswa unosiyana, saka kutaura, munharaunda yemunharaunda: chikamu chega chega chechiitiko "chechiitiko" chechiitiko "kumamiriro ezvinhu akapoteredza. Izvi zvinoitika sei? Iyo inonzi matrix yakagadzirwa nePolymer neyekuwedzera kweCarbon yezvinyorwa zveCarbon uye iri pakati pezvikamu zviviri zvemazuva ano zvinoshandiswa sechinhu chinodziya chezvinhu zvekuzvidzora. Kana iyo tambo saiti iri mune yakaderera ambient tembiricha, zvinyorwa zvezvinhu zvekupisa zvakamanikidzwa, kupokana kunoderera, izvo zvinopfuura kuburikidza nemakirini, uye izvo zvinosiyanisa zvakanyanya simba. Ndokunge, pachikamu chengarava chedamboti, zvazvino zvinoyerera kwete pamwe chete nevararama, asi mhiri, kubva kune imwe mhaseni kuenda kune imwe. Kana tembiricha yamutswa, kupokana kwemagetsi matrix kunova kwakanyanya kwazvo, uko kunotungamira kuderera kwakapinza mukupisa chizvarwa chekupisa. Chizvarwa chesimba chembare chinoshanduka uye zvichienderana nekuti ndeipi nzvimbo yemhando, taura, mune inonyungudika mvura kana mumhepo. Zvekushandisa zvakanaka zvemamiriro ekunze mumamiriro ekunze ekuRussia, maererano nehunyanzvi, pane yakakwana tambo ine chimwe chizvarwa chinopisa pa0s-36w / m melt mvura uye 18w / m mumhepo.
Mumusika wedu, kuzvidzora tambo kunomiririrwa nekushandurwa kwakasiyana-siyana (kubva ku13 kusvika ku66w / m). Izvo zvakaringana zita D3 kubva Raychem-isopad (Germany), GM-2X kubva Raychem (USA), nhevedzano yeG-FSR uye FSRE kubva kuCST, RGS-2 kubva Thermon et al. Mitengo yeavo, kanokwana ka4 nguva yakakwirira kupfuura iyo inodzivirira. Izvi zvinotsanangurwa nehunhu hwepamusoro hwevatengi uye kushanda-kukura kwekugadzira. Semutemo, tambo yekuzvidzora inogoneka inogona kuwanikwa pamutengo weinenge $ 11 ye 1pog.m. Zvigadzirwa Kubva kuEurope chinodhura madhora 10-30 ye 1pog.m. Zvikamu zvinoverengeka zveRussia zvigadzirwa (CST) - kubva pamadhora 11.2 kusvika $ 12,4.
Pakutanga kutarisa zvinoita sekunge iwe unogona kuponesa, kuwana muchitoro chechigadzirwa chakachipa. Muchokwadi, iyo chaiyo tambo system pasina kukura kweiyo purojekiti uye kushandiswa kwebasa rekuisa hakuna zvarinoita. Semutemo, mafuro makuru ekuisa anoshanda pamwe nevamwe vanopa zvinhu nemidziyo. Tine pfungwa, nekuti iyo kambani inounganidza ruzivo mukugadzira uye yakakwana kujairana kwehurongwa hweRussia mamiriro eRussia. Kutaura, boka reKPD remakambani rinokwirisa anti-icing masisitimu anobva kuDevi tambo dzinobva kuRaychem naSim Ross, SIM Ross Shanda, Sim Ross, Sim Ross Sim, THOSSCAT-BATSCAT-based zvigadzirwa zvakavakirwa pane tambo dzekugadzirwa kwayo.
Ndeipi mhando yetambo iri nani kusarudza? Mabhokisi ekuramba anopa kuwedzera simba simba uye, kana zvichidikanwa, zvinogona kuiswa mumatanho mashoma (semuenzaniso, tambo kubva kuTash zvine simba re25-30 / m dzinowanzoiswa mumvura uye chutes mumatiki maviri kana matatu matsamba). Iko kushandiswa kwesimba rakanyanya kukanganisa kunoita kuti uderedze iyo inodiwa tambo kureba uye kuderedza huwandu hwezvimhanje. Iyo yakaburitsana mutsara wetambo rwizi kurasika inopa mukana wekupisa chero zvinhu zvedenga. Mabhokisi ekuramba ari elastic, ane chidiki chinotenderwa bend radius (kurongeka 100mm) uye kuwira pasi padivi penzvimbo pamatenga ezvekunetseka.
Ehezve, tambo dzemhando iyi dzakachipa, asi dzine zvikanganiso zvakati wandei. Imwe yacho inodiwa yekuchengetedza zvachose uye kugadzirisa. Zvakakodzera, kutenderwa nguva nenguva kubva padenga remarara, kana kusati kwatanga nguva yechando, izvo zvisiri nyore kana iri denga rine denga rakapfava kana nedenga rakanyorova. Kureba kusingakanganisiki kwekuramba tambo-kudzikisira kudzikisira pamusoro pehurefu hwese hwechikamu. Ndokunge, pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana ekushanda zvikamu zvemberi, kupaza kupisa kunogara zvakafanana. Fungidzira: Chikamu chimwe chechikamu chiri padenga rakachena, wechipiri - pasi pemucheka wamashizha akawa, uye chetatu-pasi pegwenzi rechando. Sensors, kuita unyoro pasi pechando chechando, sanganisira iyo system, asi chikamu icho chete chiri kushanda zvinobudirira, chiri pasi pechando, iyo inosara ichidziya mhepo, ichishandisa magetsi apambwe. Mazamu-mashizha ibwe uye anogona kudarika tambo.
Kuzvibata-kutetedza tambo kuchinjisa kupaza kwavo kwekupisa zvichienderana nemamiriro akapoteredzwa uye tembiricha. Semuenzaniso, iyo GM-2X mhando kubva paRaychem, FSR 31 kubva kuCST, ichi chiratidzo chinoshanduka kubva ku10 kusvika 10W / m. Pedyo-musimbe iyo inodzivirira tambo inogara ichisimbisa makumi matatu / m, asi munguva yechando yesimba rakadaro ungave mudiki, uye mumuchirimo, zvakawandisa. Aesley anofanirwa kuzivisa iyo yakakosha paramende yehurongwa - magetsi ekushandisa, heino anozvigadzirisa tarisiro kunze kwemakwikwi. Iye "anonzwa" kupi uye masimba mangani ekupa simba. Kana weka mvura kune iyo nzira yekudonhedza, inokodzera kuisa mumapapiro kwete kudzivirira, asi inozvidzora tambo. Ivo vanoiswa ipapo, kune njodzi yekuvhara matenga edenga uye madhiri ejecha rakawa, mhodzi uye mashizha emiti.
Kuzvidzora tambo yemugwagwa, asi inogona kutemwa kuita zvidimbu zvevamwe kureba (kubva 20cm). Iyo inodzvinyirira yakabiwa nezvidimbu zvehurefu hwakatemerwa, kazhinji usingaenzaniswi nehurefu hwedhirowa. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti "utonhere" kumusoro kwechikamu chiri pedyo, uye saka kushandiswa kwetambo kunowedzera. Iyo kakawanda tambo yakamiswa, iyo yakakura chiyero chebasa, ndiko kuti, mutengo wekuisa hunowedzera. Side solid, tambo inodziya yakakwana mune iyo nyaya kana iwe uchifanira kubata neyakaenzana neyakawirwa-mhando-mhando node (semuenzaniso, 10 Drain pombi nehurefu hwe10m). Inoratidzira chikamu chehurefu hwakadiwa, Cable overrun inogona kuderedzwa kusvika kune mashoma mashoma.
Sekureva kweiyo meteorological service ...
Kune miganhu yeiyo yakaiswa simba rekudziya chikamu chemasirimu anotsanangurwa pane hwaro hwekuita. Vako vasiri-kuteerana kunotungamira kuhupamhi hwegadziriro yehurongwa hwakatarwa tembiricha, uye nekukosha kwekupfava kwesimba remagetsi pasina kuvandudzwa kwebasa.
Pamakita akatwasuka edenga, huwandu hwakazara hwemagetsi pane chikamu chenzvimbo yepasi pevhu chakatsvuka (tray, chute etc.) inofanira kunge ichingori 180-250W / M2 Iyo Linear Simba rekudziya tambo mumadhiraini dzinofanirwa kunge dzinosvika 20-30 kusvika ku1M kureba uye kukura sezvo iyo yekureba kwemvura inowedzera kusvika makumi matanhatu -7W / m. Simba rakaverengerwa reiyo nyika yese kuti imba yenyika inongobvumira kubva munzvimbo yedenga, yakadii kubva pakugadziriswa kwayo, kureba kwemapipi uye miti yekureba, kukwirira. Tichava ne3- kusvika. Pamutsetse wakareruka, denga racho ka2 nguva shoma simba kupfuura rakaoma - rine turrets, turm, mafungiro, akavharika naI.D. Chii chinonzi hunhu, mhando yetambo haina kukanganisa simba rakaverengerwa riri kurapwa muchirongwa. Mushure mezvose, basa guru racho rinofanira kukwana kune kushanda kunobudirira kweiyo yese system.
Kuparadza tambo- kunyangwe iyo huru, asi kwete iyo chete chikamu chehurongwa hwekurwisa-pop. Vazhinji vanotenda kuti hurongwa hunofanira kuverengerwa kana chando, mumwe munhu ndewekuti anofanira kuita chando chose. Zvichangoburwa - ini handina basa nekupisa mabasa. Kutaura zvazviri, iyo anti-icing yakaoma inoshanda pane yakapihwa algorithm, wozoshandisa iyo yekudziya, wozoregedza uye ichidudzira iyo system mumamiriro ekumira.
Basa rekutonga rinopihwa kune yakakosha Thermostat Controllers akagadzirwa naDevi, Bisto, Raychem, Danish Oj Elektronik, German Eberle. Zvematenga madiki asina kuoma, sarudzo iri nyore inoenderana nehwaro hwekupisa uye iyo thermostat sensor, iyo inosanganisira iyo system chete mune yakapihwa tembiricha (kazhinji kubva -10 kusvika + 3-4C) Taura, iyo thermtmet etr-1447 ($ 137) kubva kuOJ Elektronik inoenda kuAya Tembiricha kubva kuEbheru, 15. Kudzora iyo Inti-icing system pamatenga akaoma, inokurudzirwa kuisa iyo inoratidzwa Thermostat, inowanzotaurwa seye meteorological station. Panguva imwecheteyo, kuwedzera kune tembiricha sensors, sensors yekuvapo kwekunyorova uye pfungwa dzekunyepedzera dzakabatanidzwa. Iyo "meteorological" kuongorora uye ongorora ruzivo nezve tembiricha uye humidity, mushure meizvozvo iyo thermtertator kushanda inosarudzwa otomatiki. Uye zvakare, kutyorwa mukuvhiyiwa kwehurongwa kunotariswa, sezvakataurwa neBeep uye ruzivo rwechinyorwa pane iyo mvura yekuratidzira kweiyo thermostat. The em 524 87 Control unit ne tembiricha uye nekushisa sensires kubva kuEberle inodhura nezve $ 490, uye yakafanana kit DEVIREG 810 kubva kuDevi ine gadziriro yekuvaka
Iyo tembiricha iyo iripo kutyisidzira kusvika kune chiitiko chenyika uye, saka, zvakafanira kushandisa tambo yekudziya, "yakaiswa" pane iyo thermostat panorani. Iyo system inoshanda pane yakaomarara algorithm pane iyo iri nyore Thermostat. Kana tembiricha iri mumugwagwa inoenderana neiyo yakatarwa renji uye sensors yakanyora kutaridzika kwemunyoro kana kufungidzira, iyo thermostat otomatiki inotendeuka panhamba. Achangonzvera, uye vanonzwisa tsitsi "vanonzi" kuti hapana chaicho uye chando, hurongwa huchachinja kune "nzira yekumira".
Semuenzaniso, kupisa kwa200e kudzora Iyo controller monitors isiri chete yakapihwa tembiricha, asi zvakare kuvapo kwekunyepedzera muchimiro chechando. Sensoration yekunyepedzera, yakagadzirwa muchimiro che "kapu" kupisa uye maviri mapini, ayo akavharwa kana chando chavapinda, chinopa chiratidzo chekuvhura hurongwa panguva yechando. Mabhokisi anodziya, chando uye chando mune chutes uye maturera anotanga kunyungudika, mvura inonyungudika inoyerera. Kana iyo chando ichimira, iyo sensor yekunyepedzera inotumira chiratidzo chinoenderana kune iyo control kabhoni. Asi panguva imwe chete, iyo system ichiri kuita pane iyo sensor yemvura, iyo yakaiswa munzvimbo yakaderera (pane imwe nzvimbo padyo neyekudzora pombi) kudzora, ingave iyo unyoro hwegirazi iri. Kupfuura zvese, zvinogona kuitika kuti chando chakasimba chichafamba muchidimbu. Icharega kuenda, asi mvura yeTawed ichiri kuda imwe nguva kuitira kuti varongwa vese vaisarure vanozoparadzwa zviri nyore pasi. Zvinoitika kuti basa guru rinoitwa pane vatatu sensors. Panogona kunge paine mamiriro ezvinhu kana pasina chando, asi ne 0 masvere pakanga paine thaw. Chando, chiri padenga remba, hunotanga kunyungudika. Kana kunyorova kuchionekwa pane iyo sensor yemvura, iyo system yacho inogadziriswa.
Iyo tembiricha sensor yakaiswa mumumvuri, munzvimbo yakagadzirwa, kure nekupisa masosi, mhepo yekudziya, chimneys kuitira kuti zviyero zvinoitwa zvine chinangwa zvikuru. Sensoration yekunyepedzera iri nani munzvimbo yakavhurika kuitira kuti chero chinhu chive chinhu chakarembedzwa. Izvo zvinodikanwa kusarudza nzvimbo yekuisa kuitira kuti nemhepo ine simba, chando chinodonha hachina kurima kubva kune sensor. Pakupedzisira, iyo sensor yemvura inoiswa munzvimbo yakaderera yeiyo nzira yekudonha. Usaderedzwa kubva kune maakaunzi uye "kutaridzika" kwemidziyo pamapato echiedza. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuisa sensor yemvura kumaodzanyemba, nekuti ndipo apo mvura ikatanga kutsamwa mvura. Pane imwe nyika imba, semutemo, imwe seti yematare.
Kuisirwa uye mutengo
Iwe unogona kuraira dhizaini uye kuisirwa kwetambo system mune yakasarudzika yakasimba. Ivo havana mikana isiri yakawanda. Kana iwe ukafunga kurwisa icicles, zviri nani kudaidza nyanzvi munzvimbo. Kuenda, zviyero uye kuverenga zvinowanzove zvakasununguka (asi nhamba yemakambani anotora madhora makumi mashanu kune izvi). Kuti uwane mutengo wefoni emafoni, iwe unofanirwa kuziva kuti urefu hwakareba hwematirita uye pombi dzinodonha uye mudenhell kuti uudze iwe kuti iwe unenge uine denga. Kana denga rakareruka (miviri kana ina-tight), kureba kwematare uye mapepa anozivikanwa, iwe unonyanya kutaura, kuti basa rakawanda sei, zvigadzirwa nemidziyo zvichidhura. Kana denga rakaoma, risina kuenda kune chinhu uye kuyera izvo zvakaoma kutaura nezve chero chinhu.
Asi nyanzvi ichaita kuyerwa nenzvimbo dzekudenga dzedenga, dzinozoedza kuona nzvimbo dzine njodzi kubva pane maonero ekuona kwechando kuunganidzwa kwechando. Kukwirira kwechivako kwakatemwawo; Kureba, kureba uye upamhi hwedenga remba; kusarura kwedenga; Kureba uye dhayiya yedhirowa pombi; Kureba uye saizi yematare, marara. Swami ichazokurukura nzvimbo yemasangano emagetsi, onga chairo yekudziya masangano emasisitimu emasisitimu, uye mhando yerudzi rwekupisa, uye, kana zvichidikanwa, kusanganisa iyo system yekushandisa algorithm.
Mubvunzo wekusimbisa tambo yokuparadza mumuchina inoyerera zvakanyanya, sezvo isina kukwana kukanda tambo mumutengesi, inofanira kuvata munzvimbo inoyerera mvura. Vamwe vanopa vanopa "vakabikwa" mishonga yemapurasitiki kubva kuCable Vagadziri. Kuisirwa mune ino kesi, zvinoitika nekukurumidza, uye iwe unotora mari shoma yebasa. Asi kana purasitiki ekuzvishawa zvisingazivikanwe, ivo vanozobatira imwe, mwaka miviri mizhinji. Mamwe makambani anoshandisa galved pepa mitsetse kubva kune inokosha clamp. Ivo vakabatanidzwa nenzira yakadaro kuti vasasiyire kukuvadzwa mumatare (kumusoro kwepombi).
Iyo yepamusoro iyo nhanho yekukodzera kwevasezi, maburi mashoma mudenga. Funga uye mapepa haana kugadzirwa, waya dzakarongedzwa nezvinhu zvinosemesa kumusoro. AVT kana tambo ikasimudzwa padenga remba, zvine musoro kutanga chando (iyo yekupedzisira iri "yakakwezva" kuimba yedenga inoshandisa screws kana anchor bolts).
Kukwira tekinoroji kunoenderana nezvinhu zvedenga. Ngatitii pamatanda echisikigo akaomeswa kazhinji haawanzo kusimudzwa, sezvo zvave zvisinga aumbe pamusoro payo yekurara. Nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwezvinhu zvekufamba pamusoro pedenga uye kugeza maburi mariri zvakaoma, saka kupisa maturai chete uye mapaipi anoitwa.
Kana denga rakafukidzwa nesimbi tile, ita shuwa kuti huwandu hwemakomba mumuti hunoshanduka kuve mashoma. Makambani mazhinji (Samris, anoshanda, Ceilhit) mune ino kesi, kutanga glue iyo jira rakatsauka padenga remba, kuti nderipi tambo dzakatarwa. Matenga akapfava akanaka nehurefu hwekupisa kwepepa, basa rekuwedzera kudzivirirwa pano rinotora danda rakasimba rekunyorova-rinodzivirira plywood. Kana, sechiwedzera chekudziya kwekudonha, zvakafanira kusimbisa padenga rakadai rechishandiso, iyo Inoshanyira ichatarisira kuti maburi ese akanyatsoiswa neanarant.
Kana zvasvika pakutaura nezvemutengo wekufananidza wezvematenga edenga kubva pamatanda ekuramba uye ekuzvidzora, musiyano wenguva ina unoreva kuti mutengo wakakwana wacho uchasiyaniswawo kakawanda. Mushure mezvose, zvakawanda zvikamu (Control Cabinet, Simba Swave System, Fasteners) yakafanana nemhando dzese dzekupisa zvinhu. Saka mutsauko hausi wakakura: hurongwa nekuzvidzora tambo dzinodhura zvakanyanya ne 30-0%.
Push-gadziriso michina kubva kune dzakasiyana ssain inomiririrwa nemitambi akasarudzika, asi mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu izvi zvigadzirwa zvevaridzi vemugadziri: Abv, Legrand, Motoro, Motoro, General Electric It.d. Iyo Sports Machine Kudzora Systems, iyo Starter RELDY (kuburikidza neiyo activation yehurongwa neyekudzivirirwa neyekudzima zvazvino 30ma) uye michina yeboka inoita kunge nhoo yemagetsi.
Zvakawanda sei zvese pamwechete? Semuenzaniso, iyo synthetic system uye system yekunyepedzera kubva pane yeNexans tambo (Norway) inopa styling muTrand ( Simba rakatsetseka re300-350w / M2. Nekudaro, ngatiti, yedenga nedenga remazambiringa we60m (iyo nharaunda yepasi ndeye 200m2), iyo 12m ine mana motokari dzemotokari dzinoda hurongwa neye 12.2kw kuisirwa simba. Kufunga kuti mugore rinenge mazuva anenge mazuva makumi matatu nemashanu, apo metao mamiriro acho anopa kuumbwa kwenyika nechando, zvinokwanisika kuona kunwa kwemagetsi kwemwaka. Kana ichishandiswa seyakatarisana nehurongwa, "meteorological station", ichi chiratidzo hachingadarika mazana matanhatu ezviuru. Mari yemidziyo nezvishandiso zvedenga neyekumusoro paramende yakataurwa ichave inenge 2200.
Iko kukosha kwekutanga kwekuiswa kwemapepa akasiyana ekuisa kubva pamakumi matatu kusvika makumi matatu kusvika makumi mashanu muzana ekukosha kwezvinhu nemidziyo (yeyakagadzirwa nyika nedzimba dzenyika). Kana kukwirira kwakanyanya kunodiwa zvine chekuita nekuvakwa kwekutengesa, kuiswa kwematanho kana auto-tesys, saka masevhisi aya anobhadharwa zvakasiyana.
Service inodiwa muhuwandu hwemadhora zana nemakumi mashanu. Kana basa rekudzokorora, nyanzvi yekambani inoongorora mamiriro ekunze ezvikamu zvekupisa, anokwikwidza kutaurirana mumabhokisi ematare, anoedza cabinet yekudzora uye kushanda kweiyo quustomer yakazara. Basa remagetsi rinoitwa muzhizha kana mukubuda kunze, vasati vaunza hurongwa "kurwisa kugadzirira".
Asi iva nechokwadi, nekuuya kwemamiriro ekunze anotonhora iwe haufanirwe kuzvimiririra kutungamira kusava netariro flavo nechando padenga. Maitiro emazuva ano akawana kubudirira kwakanyanya kubudirira.
Vagadziri vanovonga mahofisi emumiriri weRaychem, Devi, Ceilhiit, pamwe nekambani Samris, "Systems Systems uye Technologies", kushanda zvakanaka kwekubatsira mune zvekugadzirira zvinhu