Technical kutariswa kwegadziriro: Ndiani anozviita, nzira yekukwevera chibvumirano, maitiro emhando uye kutevedzana kwekuvaka uye kuisirwa basa.
Kuongorora iyo geometric paramita yemhando yeiyo yakacheneswa uchishandisa maviri-meter njanji uye waya ne diameter ye 2mm
Kuongorora iyo geometric paramita yemhando yemadziro emadziro ane maviri-meter njanji
Imwe yemidziyo yekare yekare yevashandi vekuvaka haatombokanganisa
Iyo hose yemvura mwero inogona kunge iri kukanganisa kana mabhuru emhepo achibaya. Asi cherechedza uye bvisa kusashanda uku mune ino kesi kuri nyore kupfuura kana uchishandisa bubble uye magetsi mazinga. Zvakakosha paunenge uchichinjisa zvitambi "nemadziro"
Tester, iye ari mita akawanda, iye munhu wepasirese-mhere- chishandiso chakasarudzika chemagetsi
Hydraulic Press yekuyedza pombi dzekupisa uye mvura yekupa masisitimu
Ngatitii, varidzi veimba yekugara vakagadzira chirongwa chinonakidza uye chine tekinoroji, vakawana vavaki vanoshamisa uye vakagumisa chibvumirano chakasimba navo, vakagara mibvunzo yese ne subcontractors nevatengesi. Zvinoita here kukanganwa nezvekuvaka uye kuoneka ipapo chete kwekucheka ribhoni tsvuku? Kana iyo mutengi kukoshesa nguva, nerves nemari, haifanirwe njodzi. Mushure mezvose, kugadzirisa haisi iyo conveyor, asi maitiro ekugadzira. Iyi iPlitagesion inogona kuenda pakarepo rondedzero yematongerwo enyika yakaiswa mumatanho ekudzora uye chibvumirano, asi zvinoenderana nezvido zvevavaki, subcontractors, vavakidzani, etc., kudzivirira kwavo zvakanaka. Aona zvakanyanya haawanzo kuwirirana nezvinodiwa zvemuridzi weimba yakagadziridzwa.
Vavaki vachaverengera uye vanokurumidza kusimbisa kurongeka kweiyo classic: "Dzidziso dzakafa, shamwari yangu, chete muti wehupenyu unogara uchiita." Rarama vanhu vane kwavo kwechinguva chidiki vanokanganwa nezve "pepa" ravo remabhoti kana vasingazvinatsa nezvazvo.
Nekudaro, basa guru remutengi ndeyekuzadzisa kuzadzikiswa kwakazara kwechibvumirano chechibvumirano nevese vanogadzira vatori vechikamu. Basa racho rakaoma, zvakawanda zvinozvitorera ivo pachavo sarudzo yakabudirira yevabatsiri. Pasinei nenyaya yekuti musika wemasevhisi akadaro chete, muMoscow pane maneja ekuvaka emahara zviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana, nezvimwe. Izvi "zvinokara" zvakasiyana neakakomberedzwa kana kutungamirirwa kwemakambani ekuvaka nenyaya yekuti mutengi anozvibhadhara muhoro, akazvimiririra anofungidzira uye kutadza kwevavaki. Saka aya makambani akavhura zvikanganiso uye anofarira pachivande kuenderera mberi kwekugadziriswa kwekugadziriswa, kunyangwe zvakavhurika nezvazvo, hazvireve. Imwe yakanyanyisa pabasa re "vanopikisa" ndiko kushaikwa kwemishumo pane kutyorwa mumishumo yavo. Kunyanya kuitika, ivo havawanzo kuoneka pachinhu kana kuti havazvinetse zvidhinha. Uye pakupedzisira, kunyorwazve kwakanyanya kutyisa kwe "vanopikisa" nevavaki. Mamiriro ese ezvinhu aya mutengi anofanira kutakurwa mupfungwa kana achisarudza vabatsiri. Zvakanaka kwazvo kushandisa mukana wekuvhara vanhu vaunovimba navo.
Pazasi tinopa chirevo kubva pachibvumirano nemumwe wevane hanya em mafemu, uko mabasa ayo uye chimiro chemagadzikiso nemutengi zvakanyorwa.
Rondedzero yemitoro, iyo fomu yekubika uye iyo degree rebasa resangano rekutarisa kwehupfumi hwekutarisa kwehupfumi pamusoro pekuvaka uye kuisirwa basaPoshi. Iyo banga resangano rehupfumi rinotariswa (heyuinafter rinonzi sebasa rekuvaka (CMR) rinosanganisira:
- Kuitisa nyoro (pakukumbira kwemutengi) pakati pevacondirs (kwete kupfuura vatatu vatori vechikamu) neunyanzvi hwekufungidzira, marongero ebasa uye chimiro chezvibvumirano. Zvinoenderana nemhedzisiro yeiyo nyoro, mumiriri weTekinitors kune Mutengi nezvezvakanaka uye zvisina kunaka zvemapato emuperembudzi, kutevedzera neveContrakors mumitengo yemusika pa Nguva yekutarisa fungidziro, hunhu hwemhando yezvinhu zvekushandisa uye tekinoroji inofambira mberi.
- Mushure mekusarudzwa nemutengi, iyo contractor ndeye kuongororwa kweiyo fomu (zvinyorwa) zvechibvumirano uye, kana zvichidikanwa, kuita shanduko kune izvo zvirimo mukurongedza nemutengi.
- Kana uchiita zvazvino kutonga kwekuita kwebasa, kusanganisira:
- kuongorora kucherechedzwa kweiyo tekinoroji kutevedzana kweSMR;
- kuongorora kutevedzera zvinhu zvinoshandiswa kutsanangurwa munzira yekufungidzira;
- mhando yemhando yebasa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zve snos;
- Iko kugamuchirwa kweMabasa Akavanzika (Akavanzika Admissic Contractor Inofanirwa Kunyevera Vachitarisiko Vachitarisiridzo nguva pfupi. Kutadza kuzadzisa izvi zvinoda zvewaini, zvichitevera zvakavanzika, ndakarara zvakavanzika pane kontrakiti. Mutengi Mune ino kesi ingangoda kupererwa kwakazara kwekuvhara kwejasi uye matsva ekuisa ivo pakurasikirwa kwemuchengeti);
- kuongorora kuchengetwa kwesitia pabasa rebasa;
- kuchengetedza kwehunyanzvi hwekutarisa kwehunyanzvi hwekubvumidza;
- Verified yerugwaro rwekutaurirana rwekutaurirana (zvemagetsi, kupururudza, "kushaya simba", kupisa).
- Kugamuchirwa kwebasa pane zvemagetsi, kupururudza kwemvura, kupisa, mhepo yekudziya uye mhepo yemhepo yekubvuma yekubvumirana neakarongeka nemabasa akakodzera kana anowedzera hunyanzvi.
- Tarisa nekondirakiti kubhadhara muzana yebasa yakaitwa uye yakashandiswa zvekuvaka zvinhu.
- Kugamuchirwa kwekupedzisira kwebasa uye kudhirowa rondedzero yekukanganisa nekuongororwa kwemusika kukosha kwekubviswa kwavo.
2. Chimiro chehunyanzvi hwekutarisa technication kune mutengi zvinopinda mubhuku rekunyorera rehunyanzvi hwekunyora uye remuromo mishumo kumutengi.
3. Iyo tarisiro yehunyanzvi ine mari yemhando yemhando yeiyo SMR uye iyo tsamba yavo kubva pasi (mushure mekugamuchirwa kwebasa) mukati meiyo mari yekubhadhara kwemwedzi nemutengi. Tehnadzor haina mhosva yekuitwa kwemazwi ekuurayiwa kwebasa nekontrakita.
ina. Kugamuchirwa kwemabasa nevamiriri vekutarisa kwehunyanzvi hakubvisurwe mubato kubva kune mutoro wezvinhu kune mutengi wekuita zvisina kunaka kwemabasa aya (Snip 1.05-85-85).
shanu. Kubhadhara kwehunyanzvi hwekutarisa masevhisi kunoitwa nemutengi pamwedzi pamwe nekubhadhara kumberi kubhadhara. Vamiriri vehunyanzvi hwekutarisa vane hunyanzvi vari kunyadzisa mabasa avo mushure mekubhadhara mutengi we50% yemari yemwedzi nemwedzi maneja wehunyanzvi. Pakupera kwenguva yemwedzi, mutengi anobhadhara iyo yakasara makumi mashanu muzana yemutengo wehunyanzvi hwekutumira masevhisi, kana pasina zvichemo nezvekuurayiwa kwavo.
Tevere, tichaedza "kutsanangura" chiuno chegwaro, kureva kuti hazvina kujekesa kune avo vane hunyanzvi muunyanzvi, uye zvakare vakatarisa kune vangangoita vatengi vari pamatambudziko makuru anoenderana nekugadziriswa.
Ngatitangei nevavakidzani (kunyanya pasi pazasi), izvo zviri pachena zvakafadzwa nenzvimbo inotevera yekuvaka. Vafambi vezuva nezuva, apo vagari vazhinji vanogadzira zvakakomba zvekuvandudza kune vavakidzani vasina kupedzisa imba yavo, mazuva evhiki uye nenguva inobhadharwa zviri pamutemo kana vavaki vanobvumidzwa kushanda. Kazhinji zvinobva kune gumi kusvika maawa gumi nemasere pazuva revhiki, uye pakupera kwevhiki uye mazororo - hapana ruzha, kuti arege kuvhiringidza yatotama.
Iyi nzira ine musoro kuti iendese kune dzimwe dzimba dzese kuti dzirege kuronga mutengi akasimba kunyange ambuya ambuya vari pasi pekugara. Achangove ari nyore kufonera precinct, uye haazopotsa mukana wekupedza vavaki nekugara muMoscow pasina kunyoreswa, basa risina basa, dzisiri pamutemo nemirairo yekuchengetedza, etc. Kazhinji precinct, kudzidza nezve chinhu chakadai panhivi yayo, dzokera kubasa. Kunyanya kana mari ichidikanwa. Guess, kubva muhomwe mari ndeipi? Kana kubatanidzwa kwevavakidzani precinct kunoratidzika kunge kusakwana, vanogona kunyunyuta kuDez, mapurisa emutero, kusuruvara munhau mumidhiya. Iwe uchanunura matambudziko mazhinji kubva kumasangano aya. Zvirinani kukurukura nekukurumidza mamiriro ezvinhu anogamuchirwa kune ese mamiriro ezvinhu uye kwete kukanganisa hukama.
Inowanzoita kunge inokatyamadza yekunakidzwa inogadziriswa nenzira dzakareruka hunyanzvi. Semuenzaniso, mudzimba dzekare dzine mapuranga emapuranga uye stucco, kunetseka kwakanyanya nezvevavakidzani, zvinonzi zvinowedzera kukwira kwedenga. Vagari vemo vanovimba zvachose kuti chirongwa chakawandisa hachina kunaka uye icho, pasi pehuremu hwemamiriro ekunze, ivo vanonyatso kudonha. Kokorodzano dzeinjiniya netsanangudzo, iyo inoratidzwa yeiyo chaiyo kuwana mudziyo, yakavakirwa pamadziro ekubereka, kazhinji haagone. Avot glued to clucks padenga remidziyo yavo yeparara yepepa (beucons) pakarepo fungidziro, kunze kwekunge, kwete kupaza nguva yekupaza. Kana mabhezoni apera, zvinodikanwa kumisa basa rese basa, tarisa kuwerengera uye kutevedzera nehunyanzvi hunokosha.
Kurongeka kwemhando dzakasiyana siyana dzekuvaka uye kuisirwa mabasa anotemerwa nezvikamu zvakati, izvo zviri izvo zviri:
- Iro vhoriyamu uye kuumbwa kweiyo SMR;
- Kusungira pakutakura kwemidziyo nezvinhu;
- kuvapo kwenyanzvi dzinodiwa parizvino;
- Optimization yemari yemari uye kugadzirisa nguva.
Saka, kururamisa, kubva pane yedu maonero, yekutanga kwekushandiswa kweiyo CMR yefurati:
Poshi. Kushambadzira kwese kwese kwakanyanya: zvikamu, zvakaremara, plaster, etc. Iwe unogona pakarepo kuraira windows kana ivo vari pasi pekutsiva. Kana kuraira, zvinodikanwa kuti uzive ukobvu hwekusimbisa kwedenga remhepo, madziro uye murume kana mukadzi. Kazhinji, ukuru hwezvivakwa zvekurera mumafashama ekurima akaisa mafoni akanaka ivo pachavo. Mbwa dzemakona dzinozotevera kana ma profiles for crywall dzakakwenenzverwa, kana madziro ezvimwe zvinhu zvetsika zvakatarisana.
2. Kucherekedza kwefurati zvinoenderana nebasa uye kuita shanduko kune yekupedzisira kana zvichidikanwa. Kana iyo markup, inogadzirwa pamwe chete neyakagadzika nekuvamba pakutanga kwekuvakira, icharamba ichipedza kupedzisa plading, iyo ichaponesa vatori vechikamu (muakaunzi yemutengi) kubva kune isina chokwadi uye inokwanisika. Naizvozvo, sezvazvinoreva, zvesimbi anchor screws neyekunze diameter yegumi mm uye kureba kwe130-150mm kwakakodzera kushandiswa. Kubva kuSlab yakawedzera, "Beacon" yakadaro "inofanira kuita pamusoro pekobvu yezvakapomerwa pasi pe0-20mm yekuchengetedza uye mushure mekuzadza yekupedzisira. Kuti unoreva tambo imwe chete, midziyo mana yakadaro inoratidza gadziriro yayo yekuparadza (mushure mekushongedza), "mahombekombe maviri" anodiwa pakuparadza redline. Zviyero zvinogadzirwa kubva mumazubvu emachira. Kana maburi anodhonza mu slab anowedzera zvakakosha kuti uchengete iyo inokwereta kuti ideredze kurongedza kurpa.
Kazhinji, maburi ekuisa mhizha anodhonzwa kana iyo yekutanga ganda (ganda rakasimba reganda rakatetepa) raratidza kuti rakakodzera basa rekuita. Mukupesana kana iwe uchida kuyedza kutora imwe nzvimbo (kana iyo) yeiyo database uye dzokorora maraki. Kazhinji kune zvakakwana zviviri kana matatu kuedza (iterations). Chekutarisirwa kwakadaro kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kune iyo "inokatyamadza" saizi (ethyccing kona iripo yemakona ekugezera, kicheni kicheni, nzvimbo ine tiled, parquet uye militant pasi (verenga zvimwe pamusoro pazvo zvinogona kuwanikwa mune chinyorwa "memo yemutengi akakomba. Isu tinoshanda papurojekiti"). Sezvo iwe uchigona kutarisa makona emarasha, kunyangwe nehafu-meter base, zvinokwanisika chete kuti, zviri nani kushandisa iyo pythagore theorem nehurefu hwakaenzana hwekutora mukamuri ino. Bvumirana, zviri nani kutinhira nekumaka kupfuura ipapo redo the wapedza madziro. Pamusoro pezvo, mune maitiro ekumaka madhiri, sekutonga, kupa zviyero zvekugadzira zvakati wandei.
3. Kusunga mamaki ezvekumhanya kwepasi rakachena kusvika pachiratidzo chemuviri pamadziro, semuenzaniso, mukova weiyo kukwidziridzwa. Kubva pane ino kudzokorora, chero bato rinofarira rinogona kudzoreredza "zero rondedzero" mufurati, sezvo mafurati nemadziro kazhinji haana kugadziriswazve padhuze neyekuwedzera. "Zvepanyama Zero" pamadziro efurati hakuna kukwana, sezvo nzvimbo yavo inogara iri pabasa, inoiswa, putty, yakatarisana, uye mutsara we zero unodzimwa. Chiratidzo chiratidzo chakaringana chakaiswa pakukwira kwe1500mm kubva pasi zvakachena, saka kwete kuti ushande kana uchishanda pamwe neyekupedzisira kubva kune imwe nhamba. Chinhambwe kubva kune chairo chaicho kusvika pamukova wesuo rekugadzira, chokwadika, chinogona kunge chakasiyana, kuitira kuti chiumbwa ichi chakanyorwa mubhuku rekutumira kwehunyanzvi. Iyo "zero yemuviri" inofanira kupa mugadziri, yakapihwa mamiriro chaiwo efurati, "pies" of floors, kukwirira kwemvura yakamiswa, nicheshiripo pasi pemidziyo, nezvimwe.
ina. Mushure mekugadzika zero zero mutsara, iwo akavhurika anoitwa mumadziro uye anowira pasi. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvinodikanwa kuti titeerere kutevedzera kwakasimba neiyo technical chirongwa uye kurudziro yehunyanzvi. Panguva imwecheteyo, windows uye musuwo wesimbi wemukati unogona kunakidzwa.
shanu. Inotevera chishandiso chezvidhinha, chivharo uye zvimwe zvikamu pasina plaster kana kukwirisa mapuranga emapurasituru plasterboard, iri kutarisana neruoko rumwe chete. Inofanira kutakurwa mupfungwa kuti "inovhara kubva pamashiti emvura yakaoma gypsum plster haifanire kubvunzwa, nemakwenzi haafanire kuoneka mumibatanidzwa." Hakuna anopfuura 1 mm mune majoini (snip 3.04. 01-87 "ichipedza uye kupedzisa zvipfeko"). Izvo zvinokwanisika kuita zvekuyedza zvakadaro mushure mekupenda, asi zvinodikanwa kuti utarisire zvaanowana zvakanaka izvozvi. Kuchenesa uye kuderera-ikozvino kutaurirana kunowanzovanda pasi pechitsinho, uye mumapuranga, mukuwedzera, iwe unogona kuvanza mapepa emvura, kupisa uye kushambidza uye kushambidza uye kushambidza uye kushambidza. Akabvumidzwa mukuiswa kwechikamu pakati pemaruva maviri aya, akatambanudzwa pamwe chete nemakungu, akaoma kunyange nechido chikuru. Nguva yenguva kazhinji yakagadzirira windows matsva, mushure mekuisa mabharoni uye Loggias, kana zvichidikanwa.
6. Iyo kifaa yekuparadzanisa inotevedzera wiring yekukurukurirana - Magetsi, Runhare-uye "TERISNA" ROPA REMUTERI), Kupisa, Sangano reMweya, Sangano reMhepo uye Mhepo Mhepo Plapes . Panguva ino, kutarisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa zvakanyanya nekuzvinyudza zvinyorwa - snaps, pue, etc. semuenzaniso, puroyi yemienzaniso. Zvivakwa zvezvikamu uye zvakamiswa zvinhu zvekupedza "zvezvinhu zvinonyanyisa, mabhokisi emasimbi, screwworks kana maPipes akafanana, mabhokisi, pamwe nemabhuruku uye allows uye allows. Shells kubva pazvinhu zvebasa "(Pue2000G, chitsauko7.1" Magetsi Zvivakwa zveZvivakwa Zvezvivakwa ", mapeji.29, 7.1.32).
"Mitsetse yeboka reboka rakaiswa kubva kumabhodhi eboka kuenda kuPlug zvigadziko zvinofanirwa kuitwa nehuremu-waya (zero rinoshanda uye zero dziviriro conductor)" - Ibid., P. 7.1.33. MISANGANO RINONYANYA ZVINOGONESESA MUDZIMA MUZVINHU ZVINOGONESWA PAKUTAURWA PAKATI PENYAYA DZINOGONA KUTI VAVANZE MUCHINYENGETE KUTI UVHURE MWEDU KUTI URATIDZE MUDZIMAI YEMAHARA. Kazhinji, achiverengera kutaurirana zviri nani pamakuva uye madziro, uye nekuvhunduka kwezvinhu izvi zvinoshandiswa chete mune zvakanyanyisa zviitiko, nekuti kutsiva waya, vhura madziro kana kuti zviri nyore kupfuura pasi, kunyanya partufa.
Izvo zvakare zvakakosha kuti urege kuyeuka kuti kubvira 1999. "GROP NETworks dzinopa zvigadziko zvePlug zvinofanirwa kushandiswa nezita rechinongedzo zvazvino zvevasina kupfuura 30ma" (Ibid., P.7.1). Pakutanga mutemo uyu wakashandiswa chete kune zvisungo mubhavhu. Chipatara, huwandu hwechinyorwa hachikubvumire kuudza nezve zvese zvinonakidza zvezvishandiso zvekudzivirira (UZO) uye nheyo yebasa ravo. Ngatirevei munguva pfupi: RCO yakanaka inobvisa zvachose tsaona yemagetsi kushamisika uye moto nekuda kwekuremara wiring mumaketani ayo akachengetedzwa. Isu tinongoda kukanganwa kuiongorora kuti "kutaurirana nekurudziro yemugadziri." Kunyanya sezvo isiri zvachose yakaoma: ingo tinya iyo "bvunzo" bhatani uye mushure mekubudirira kukonzera kuisa "keyboard" munzvimbo inoshanda. Yedu pue kukurudzira kuyedza kamwe pamwedzi. Kumadokero, rco yaive yakapararira zvakanyanya mumakore makumi matanhatu nemashanu exxvere.
Kana wiring mvura yekupa uye kupisa, iyo "yakarongedzwa" mabharari ebhora yakatengwa muzvitoro zvine hunyanzvi zvinofanirwa kushandiswa. Cherechedzo yemari inokweretwa kuti iite chirevo kana kusanzwisisika. Inofanira kunge ichitakurwa mupfungwa kuti mavheti ese emvura emvura uye kupisa kunofanirwa kuwana (mahedheni, anobvisa mataira pane magnets, nezvimwewo); Pamakona emakona emakona, zvakafanira kutanga "kuongorora" kuitira kuti iwe ugone kuvasvitsa kwavari mune zvemishongedzo majeure pasina kudzvinyirira kwemadziro mubhavhu mumba yekugezera. Kana mari ichitenderwa, iwe unogona kuisa iyo mvura yekubvisa mvura, otomatiki yekubvisa mvura uchishandisa emagetsi emagetsi ine unyoro hwevanhurume hwakakwirisa mukamuri yekugezera nekicheni. Yakazara set (kuisirwa) yehurongwa hwakadaro pane zvigadzirwa zvemvura inopisa uye inotonhora yemvura inodhura anenge madhora mazana mana nemakumi mashanu.
Mushure mekurara zvakavanzika kutaurirana, asi vasati vazvisimbisa, vavaki avo vanofanirwa kuitisa miedzo yavo maererano nezvinodiwa zvazvino, pamwe nekuzadzisa zvinyorwa zvemutengi. Basa reCommunzilation ndeyekuti vave nechokwadi chekuti chero munhu anofarira, kusanganisira mutengi, mushure mekutangisa kutaurirana, aigona kuona nzvimbo yavo (yakadzikwa, denga, pasi pevhu). Izvi zvine basa paruquetrs vachisimbisa phaneur kune iyo yakacheneswa, maineti ekuisa zvinhu mumabhati uye madziro emadziro mumakamuri, nezvimwe. Asi mazhinji ematanho makuru evaridzi vevaridzi veimba, mushure mezvose, kunyange kuturika pendi, iwe unofanirwa kuziva kuti madziro anopfuudza madziro, kuti asataure zvakanyanya kushandurwa kwemukati mune ramangwana. Executive zvinyorwa zvinowanzoita nyanzvi dzaya dzakatenderedza kutaurirana, uye inotarisa muongorori wekutarisa kwehunyanzvi kana mutengi pachawo. Zvirongwa zvinogonawo kutorwa kubva paruoko, chinhu chikuru ndechekuti vane kutsvaira madziro ese, pasi rose, kuti mawaya awa namaira, anoratidza masaini uye akaputswa. Nhamba yehukuru hwakabatana nezvemangwana kupedzisa nzvimbo dzinofanirwa kuve dzakakwanira kutsunga kusingaperi kwenzvimbo yekuitika kwekutaurirana.
Chirevo chevavaki chavanoita zvese pabasa, izvo zvinogona kushanda sehunyorwa rwekutaurisa, hazvirambe zvakanyorwa, sezvo zvinongofungidzirwa zvinongedzo zviri mumadhirowa, uye izvo zvisina kusungirwa kunzvimbo dzakavhara dzeimba.
Miedzo yePipede yemvura inopihwa yemvura inoitwa maererano neNiP 3.05.01-85 "Systemsic Systems", . Kune iyo yekudzvinyirira system, "Kudonhedza Kudonha hakufanirwe kupfuura 0.2kgs / cm2 kwemaminitsi mashanu" (ibid., Clause 4.6). Dzvinyiriro yakawandisa inogadzirwa neyekukosha hydraulic phombi ine zvishandiso zvakanaka (Photo6), iko kuvapo kweiyo nzvimbo kunofanirwa kupa vavaki nemutengo wavo. Goverana "Dzvanya mapepa ekushanda" zviri nani kuramba, nekuti panguva yekutarisa kumanikidza muhurongwa kunogona kuve pasi. Pamusoro peizvozvo, sekuratidzira kwekumanikidza, nekuwedzera kwekumanikidzwa mu 1.5rd kwekushanda mu80% yezviitiko, kumwe kunhu kunowanikwa kusvetuka, uko kwaisave kwakajairika mamiriro ehurongwa.
Sangano reSewage rinotariswa "nemvura yemvura neyakaoma kuwana makumi manomwe neshanu muzana ezvivakwa zvakabatana nenzvimbo yekuongororwa. Iyo system yacho inofungidzirwa ndeyekuti ive system kana isingaone kuti inokakavara kuburikidza ne madziro emapipi uye nzvimbo yekubatana kwavo. "(Snip3. 05.01-85, clause 4.13). Pasi pezvinyorwa zvekureruka, zvinokwanisika kuisa mashizha akachena emapepa, pane iyo madonhwe achangoonekwa kana achizoonekwa kana iri yekubhururuka.
Chisangire chisimbiso, zvingave zvakanaka kutarisa megommeter yekunamatira kwekunzwa kwemagetsi magetsi kana kuti rinoti "mhete" yayo (photos5). Izvo zvichave zvakakodzera kudzokorora cheki uye mushure mekupedza kwekusimbisa kwese: pllywood, meso, plinths uye matavi ematavi emvura anofanirwa kugadzirwa, kupwanya Mumabhonzo kana neakakomberedzwa (chiratidzo terminals) mumabhokisi ebazi "(Snip 3.05-85, P.3.34). Ndokunge, hapana matipi anotenderwa. Munguva yekutanga, nguva inowanzo kutonhorera zvachose isina matavi (anopenya) mabhokisi. Iyo eyeliner kune mumwe nemumwe mutengi anodhonzwa zvakananga kubva pane yekugovera paneneri, kunyangwe ichokwadi kuti kushandiswa kwemawaya kwakawedzera zvakanyanya.
7. Mushure mekutarisa kutaurirana, mapuranga ezviparadzanisi akavharwa ne yakaoma, gadzira mvura yekugezera uye mukicheni uye utange mudziyo wakacheneswa nekuisa musuwo wepamberi.
Kubva pane izvi zvichibva, kupedza mabasa ekuti "kunofanirwa kuitwa pane yakanaka amburation tembiricha uye nzvimbo dzezvakadzika zvisina kuderera kupfuura makumi maviri neshanu." Tembiricha yakadaro mumba inofanira kuchengetedzwa kutenderedza Clock, kwete isingasviki mazuva maviri yekutanga uye mazuva gumi nemaviri mushure mekunge apedza basa. Inoshanda pachinhu cheSynthetic Pendi yeCollem uye yeBeymer zvinhu zvinofanirwa kuitwa pamhepo ambient. yakachengetedzwa nzvimbo isina kuderera pane + 15C (Snip 3.04.01-87).
Tariro huru dzekutarisira kwemvura hazvifanirwe kuiswa, hazvizoponese zvese kubva mumafashama zvakakomba. Ichabatsira chete kubva pakukora kwenzvimbo, semuenzaniso, kana yakabviswa kunze kwegungwa remvura yekudhirowa yemuchina wekuwachisa uye mvura yese kubva pakatangi yaive pasi. Ehe, uye mvura iyi haizoonekwe pane vavakidzani kubva pasi chete kana pasi peimba yekugezera rakavharwa kubva kumativi ese ", pamadziro okupi kwemvura kunobhadharwa. Kana mafuro emba uye mamwe magadziri akagadzirwa, sezvakaita fashoni, mune imwecheteyo chikamu, iyo mvura yekunyepedzera inongodiwa chete kuti tiraki. Zvinoita sekuti ndakacherekedza mwero, asi zvakadaro wanga waputswa.
Sezvineiwo, kurova kwakadaro kunenge kunogara kunokonzeresa vatungamiriri veimba yekutonga kweimba uye kunyange "inodhura" condominiums. Ivo vanouya nekukasira kune iyo matangi, uye kutyora kwakakura kuri nyore "kwakaitwa" kubva kune vavaki. Zvinoitika, kunyanya, ivo vanozvinyora, ivo vanoona zvakare iyo chaiyo yemvura denderedzwa pasi nechirimwa pamadziro uye usateerere ku "babatsiri wechidimbu" kuburikidza nemusuwo. Kazhinji, zvinokwanisikawo kuchengeta kuti vamwe nyanzvi inonyatsoita sei nemvura uye vakadururira chibvumirano chakavhurika pazviri. Ipapo vamwe vatenzi vekambani imwe chete vanouya uye vakaisa magetsi magetsi, achigadzira tepi inokwira nekuzvidzivirira kuburikidza nekuzvidzora nekuchengeterwa uye mvura. Kugadzikana kweiyo tile yakarongedza zvakare pasi pasi ichave yakakwenenzverwa nehurefu hwakareba, huchauya hurefu mu slab follap. Izvo zvingave zvakanyatsonaka kutenga tepi inokwira zvachose, uye tambo "kuoma" kune yakaiswa realabaster. Aplastmass Dowel yekutsamwisa chimbuzi kuti ipere-kunyengedza neSilicone selant kana dip muBitumen mastic; Zvakafanana zvekuita ne screw.
Mafungiro akajairika akananga kune yakacheneswa uye plaster sechinhu chechipiri, chakaomesesa-chine njodzi. Unhu hwezvisungo pasi pematanho ekupedzisira hazvikosha kupfuura kunaka kwekuzvicheka ivo pachavo, zvakanyanya kuremara mune izvo zvinoitika nekuda kwemuchato we "pasi pemigwagwa". Vazhinji nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero vakagadzirira kubhadhara madhora makumi maviri emamirimita mita yekuisa, uye $ 8 iri kugera pane yakadzvanywa. Chokwadi, ndinoshuva kuti zviitwe zvakachipa zvichawanikwa, asi zvichave zvakanyarara? Mushure mezvose, mhando yekuvhunduka, kusiyana nekutarisana neiyo cafeter, tarisa zvakanyanya kuoma. Pane zvishandiso zvakakosha uye basa rekurapa (kungoita zvekutarisa kwehunyanzvi), nekuti pakutanga kutarisa, iyo nyowani yakatsvuka uye plaster nguva dzose inoratidzika kunge yakatsvedza. Izvo zvinoitika nekuda kweiyo yavo yerima grey matte ruvara, izvo zvinoita hazviratidze mwenje wekudonha uye, maererano, zvinoviga kusaenzana. Asi kana iwe ukashandisa maviri-meter kutonga kune iyo nzvimbo (kazhinji aluminium rake - Photo1), kusagamuchirwa hakuna kuwanikwa kunogona kuwanikwa.
Mukuwirirana ne'04.01- 87 "Inosimbisa uye kupedza zvipfuyo" metquet maviri uye teileum kana pvc tils haifanirwe kupfuura 2mm, "pasi pemapuranga emamwe marudzi, End Deckers uye zvidhinha, zvinyoronyoro mumatare kubva kuHoters Mastic, polyvinyl acetate uye coment-concrete coundPojing - 4mM Mune mamwe mazwi, kana waya yekunyorerana inoenderana haiparadzanise mumutambo uye yakadzvanywa neyekutarisa kwehutongi, iyo yakachengetedzwa inogona kuonekwa seyakagutsa (mumuchato 1 unoratidzwa). Uye zvakare, pamusoro peiyo yakakwenenzverwa haifanirwe kunge isina kutsauka kubva pane yakatwasuka "inodarika0.2% yeiyo inoenderana saizi yekamuri" (Thauker). Asi izvi hazvisi zvese, mushure memavhiki mashoma mushure mekuzadza kwemavhiki, iyo yakachinja inogona kusanzwisisika, yakafukidzwa nemazamu, ichatanga nzvimbo dzakaparadzaniswa, ichaputika kubva pachigadziko, "isa" (kana " guva "), uye zvakare wedzera" kusarongeka kweropa rakatsiga. " Zvikonzero zvezvinhu izvi zvinogona kuve zvakasiyana-siyana: Iyo tekinoroji yakashandiswa, iyo tekinoroji yakaputsika kana iyo tete "yakashanda nemvura, kana kusanzwisiswa nemvura, etc. kazhinji kutaura, kusiyana nemhando yekuvhunduka inogona kufungidzirwa kwenguva yasara mwedzi mushure mekuzadza kwayo. Saizvozvo, zvinokurudzirwa kubhadhara basa racho pachigadzirwa charo panguva imwe chete.
Kana uchisarudza zvigadzirwa zvechishandiso, iwe unofanirwa kugara uchifunga kuti kwete mese mese musanganiswa wakanaka. Pamusoro pejecha uye simende, plasticze inofanira kuve iripo mumhinduro, iyo inowedzerwa panguva yayo kugadzirira, kana yatove inowanikwa mumusanganiswa yakaoma. Iye zvino vagadziri vakasiyana vanogadzira manyorerwo akakosha nezvose zvinodiwa, zvakasiyana nekuda kwekutsanangurwa uye zvakasiyana nekuda kweplaster. Chokwadi, bhegi rechigadzirwa rakadaro rinodhura kaviri zvakanyanya kudhura kupfuura zvidzidzo zvakajairika, asi kushanda pamwe nekusagadzirira-kushandisa-kushandisa-kushandisa "chinhu chevanhu" chinobviswa - zvikanganiso zvinowanikwa mukugoverwa kwezvikamu.
Kana iwe ukagara mune imwe nzvimbo, iyo isisati yasvitsa mishonga inooma uye mapurasitiki, unogona kushandisa iyo yeChigariro yeGoods yeShivha yejecha neSimbeni Unofanirwa Kuwedzera Liter imwe yePVA Glue paaipfugama mhinduro inozove mapurasitiki kubva pane izvi, uye screak - yakasimba.
Hakuna akakosha kupfuura kuumbwa kwemhinduro, kunaka kwekuvanzika ndiko kuomerera kune tekinoroji yemushini. "Usati waisa mhinduro, chigadziko chinofanira kunge chiri guruva uye chakavakwa nechinhu chakakosha chounyanzvi" (Snip 3.04.01-87). Mitemo yekuvaka, yakaoma kuita zvizere ichi chinodiwa, nekuti mukuita kwekukanda uye kuteya kwemhinduro kune iyo nzvimbo yekuisirwa, chigadziko chichiri kusvibiswa. Matatu "Matipi" anotevera mwedzi uchateverwa ("kupisa" kana uchikwira). Kukanganisika kwakakodzera kwakakosha: Kwakanyatsogadziriswa mhinduro kuchaguma nekupaza, mvura zvakare ichave yakanyanya kuoma uye ichitsvaga nekuda kweiyo "pamusoro peiyo yakatsiga" pane ndege.
Kuti udzikiswe munzvimbo dzePlethouse mapipi, magumo enzvimbo yakacheneswa mushure mekubvisa mahwendefa ekudziya kana kuisa musanganiswa wechikuru kuti chigadzikiswe uye chakanyoroveswa. "(Snip 3.04.01-87).
Uye pakupedzisira, zvinodikanwa kwete kusarudza nenzira kwayo zvekushandisa uye tarisa tekinoroji yekuzadza, asi kwenguva yakati zvakafanira ku "hanya" nenzira kwayo, monolitiki, monolitiki colet binder inofanira kunge iri Pasi pemazuva manomwe mushure mekurara kuve pasi peiyo inogara ichinongedza mvura yekuchenesa mvura "(Snip 3.04.01-87). Zvakanaka, ndiani zvino achataura kuti zviri nyore kuita yakanakisa kupfuura kuisa tsizi?
Kana vavaki vako vasina hanya nechimwe chinhu uye pamwedzi mushure mevamwe mwedzi, udziveka wakava "Humpback", vachipenga uye vakaiswa pasi, uye izvi zvinofanirwa kurapwa. Kumamiriro endege, iyo nzvimbo inogadziriswa uchishandisa musanganiswa wekuzvimiririra, uye munzvimbo dzekutarisa phaana pasi peparati rakarongedzwa nehurefu hwechikepe, mune slab inodarika.
Uye kuwedzera. Yakabatanidzwa - nzvimbo yaunofarira uko masters asina kutendeka anovanza overymiswe isina kuvhiringidzwa yekufungidzira. Kuti uwane ruzivo: 1M2 yakajeka 2CM ndeye imwe bhegi rimwe (50kg) yemusanganiswa wakaoma. Kuziva kwakarongeka kwepakati kweiyo yakadzvanywa (pane chiyero chekuyera uye zero chiratidzo), unogona kutarisa zviri nyore kuverenga kwevakavaki.
Pamhepo tembiricha uye humidyity, hapana anodarika makumi matanhatu muzana emazuva matatu ari kuwana makumi manomwe muzana yesimba, mushure meizvozvo zvinoita kuti utange kuisa basa uye rakabikwa.
sere. Plasterting uye yakaiswa tiles. "Kubvumidzwa kwehunyoro hwezvidhinha, dombo uye kongiri dzakaputika nzvimbo haifanire kupfuura 8%" (Snip 3.04.01-87).
Kune plaster cement-sandy solution, kanenge zvese zvakataurwa tie. Asi, kusiyana nekuvhunduka, iko kunofanirwa kuve kwakanyanyisa kukwezva, zvine chekuita nazvo "kurara pamusoro pekutaridzika kwakadzivirirwa muchirongwa nekukurumidza (snip 3.04.01-87), pamusoro peplaster inofanira kunge iri zvakanyanyisa kutamira, uye saka "kusanzwisisika kwakabvumuka kweiyo-layer Plasters kana uchinyorera marudzi ese emhinduro, kune 20mm. inofanira kuiswa mushure mekuisa yapfuura. "(Tharamu). Chipatara, chokwadi ichi chinowanzovhiringidzwa, mapuranga ari kuyedza "kukanda" zvigadziko panguva imwecheteyo ukuru hwakareba, hunotungamira gare gare kuzotanga kupaza.
Tarisa ugamuchire plaster, pamwe nekutsvuka, zvinokurudzirwa kwevhiki mushure me3-4 mushure mekupera kwebasa. Pakati peino nguva, kuunganidza kunogona kuparadzaniswa "kukwevera", kusimuka " Kana iwe ukatanga kupenda svondo mushure mekupera kweplaster, iyi "Webhu", uyezve marara akakomba anogona kupinza pane yakapendwa pane yakapendwa. Naizvozvo, plaster inofanira "kumira" kanokwana vhiki nhatu. Azatat, yekumiswa, ichiri kuenzaniswa nejira rinosimbisa rinosimbisa uye chete rinobva taisa jecha.
Kana mashandiro emari achibvumidza kuwiriraniswa kwemakona, kunyanya kongiri, zviri nani kusashandisa simende-jecha, uye gypsum inosanganisa rotband. Ivo havanyatsogona kutyorwa kwehunyanzvi, vane zvakanyatsonamatira kuzvikonzero, havanyanye kupaza- kana chete nemadziro. Iko kukanganisa kukuru mutengo: Nguva dzechina makumi mashanu neshanu pane Cany Clement-jecha musanganiswa uye 3-4 Times - se "bibrs".
Iyo geometric maitiro emhando yePlaster mabasa ari kuita seinotevera: "Kutsauka kubva kuThe Vertical (yakatwasuka) yeiyo nzvimbo yakadururwa haifanirwe kupfuura (VMM kusvika 1M): . kusarongeka kwezvibodzwa zvakatsetseka (N4M2): Neplasters yakapusa - isina kupfuura 3, yakadzika (yakadzika) kusvika ku3mm; Yakadzika ) Kusvikira 2mm "(snip 3.04.01-87). Iyi parameter yakakosha kwete nekuda kwekuti mushure mekupenda kurapwa pamadziro akakwirira haazoperi "dents", asiwo kubva kune imwe pfungwa yekuona. Iyo yakakora spacion layer iyo nhanho iyo curve Plaster inogona kupaza uye kubvarura.
Kutsauka kwewindo uye suo sluts, piress, mbiru, etc. dzinogara zvakare. Ivo havafanirwe kupfuura: ine plaster, 2 mm pane 1m uye yakakwirira-mhando 1mm ku1M. Iko kutsauka kweradius (kwakaedzwa neCurvurinear nzvimbo kubva kuCurvice kubva kuKugadzira Upamhi hwehuwandu kubva papurojekiti hachifanirwe kupfuura: ine plaster yakapfava- 5mm, yakavandudzwa - 3mm, yakakwirira mhando - 2mm "(snip 3.04.01-87). Kuongorora chikamu che geometric yemhando yePlaster mabasa anoitwa uchishandisa plumb (Photo3), bubble level uye maviri-meter njanji-mitemo (photos2). Kunyanya kunyatsoda kutarisa nzvimbo dzine maplaths, midziyo, zvigadzirwa, zvigadzirwa zvekuveza zvichaiswa - kubvisa iyo bhutsu pakati pavo nemadziro mune ramangwana.
Muchisimba, akarara mataira pane plasterboard prasterboard uye mararamiro ari mukamuri yekugezera anogona kuiswa kuenderana nekuenzanisa nekuparara anoshanda mune mamwe makamuri efurati. Nekudaro, kana tile yakaiswa pane yakafukidzwa pamusoro, inofanira kutanga yaoma.
Masvingo ekumirira nemasikati anofanirwa kuenderana nekwani yemhando ye "yakapfava", nekuti kuwirirana kwavo neGlue kana mastic haigamuchiriki, inogona kutungamira mataira ekuzara. "Kukakavara kweiyo denderedzwa rakashongedzwa kubva pamhinduro hakufanirwe kupfuura 7mm, kubva kuMastic-1mm" (snip 3.04.01-87). Kana nekuda kwechikonzero chero chausina mukana wekutenga zvemazuva ano glue, iwe unogona zvakare kutora mukana we "Socialist nzira": Mune gumi marita emhedzisiro-sandy solution, 1 litre of glue pet yakachipa uye yakasimba.
Iyo geometric maitiro emhando yekutarisa ndeyekuti: "Nzvimbo yakamanikidzwa neCeramic uye yeCeramic zvigadzirwa zvinogona kuve neTermics kubva kune Vertical (VMMM kusvika ku2mm, yemukati - inosvika 1,5mm; zvakafanana - kutsauka kweeams kubva kune vertical uye kusarongeka kwendege (kana ichikwidza kusvika ku3mm, yemukati - kumusoro kwehupamhi hweseam cladding haifanire kupfuura 0.5mm (snip 04/04 / 01-87). Kuti ubudise chigaro cheTile chinofanira kunge chiri chingangoita vhiki imwe mushure mekunge gurenue yakaoma uye yakarova simba rinodiwa.
Zvichaenderera mberi.