Kutarisana nezvidhinha uye ceramic tile pasi pezvidhina. Hunyanzvi mikana. Vagadziri uye vatengesi. Kurongeka kwemutengo. Mazano ehunyanzvi hwekungwarira.
kumusoro - pamberi pekushongedza;
Pazasi - kupedzisa yapera.
Kutarisana nezvidhina hazvisi chete zvekuvakisa zvekuvakisa, asi zvakare inzira inoshanda yekugadzirisa zvivakwa uye maitiro ekugadzira. Zuva rega rega mukana wekutarisana nezvidhinha uye zvimedu zveCeramics Substitutes dzakakura. Ini ndinofanira kushamisika kuti izvi zvigadzirwa zvinowanikwa nevateveri vese vatsva?
Ndiwe ani, Mr. Brick?
Zvinoenderana neyakawandisa v. I. Gal, zvidhinha "Dela dombo, bara, rakapfura kubva kuvhu uye kupiswa kuvaka." MuRussia, izvi zvinyorwa hazvibviri nemuti. Isu takashandisa zvidhinha zvekuvakwa kwemakereke nenhare, zvivakwa zveveruzhinji uye makamuri engarava dzakanaka - izvo zvivakwa zvekumira zana.Mubhizinesi razvino rekuvaka, pane zvakajairika (kuvaka), zvidhinha zvakakosha uye zvakatarisana. Chinhu chakajairika chakagadzirirwa kuvakwa kwemadziro makuru uye chikamu chemukati, izvo zvinobva zvaiswa kana kutarisana. Izvi zvinyorwa zvakachipa (m 125 (150) - angangoita mazana maviri emakumi maviri emakumi maviri, ane nzvimbo isingafarire coarse uye haina kusiyana mukudzivisa kwezvakatipoteredza.
Yakakosha zvidhinha zvakagadzirirwa mamiriro ekushanda anoshanda. Ngatitii Refractor, inoshandiswa kumhepo yemoto, dzimba dzemoto, flue mapipi, inogadzirwa kubva kune kupisa-kurwisa chamottte clay uye yakanyanya kudzima tembiricha mune yakasarudzika. Acinopore inogadzirwa kubva kune chena ivhu nemusanganiswa wakasiyana uye wakawedzera kuramba kuAlkalis uye acids. Clinker zvidhinha, akagadzirirwa kuti avape masaiti, gondohwe, magiramu, masaya, etc., akapiswa pakupisa kwevhu rakatsvuka, rinopiswa pakudziya kwe1400 ° C uye inosiyaniswa nekukwira kupfeka kupfeka.
Kutarisana nezvidhinha kune yakakwirira-yemhando yekunze ine nzira yekushongedza kana pasina iyo, inoonekwa nehuwandu hwakawanda hwemavara mune yakachena kubva kune chena kusvika kune yakasviba. Inogona kupenya. Iyo ine yakaderera kunyorova kwekunyorova uye yakakwira frost kuramba. Iyo inoburitswa zvese zviri zviviri muchimiro cheyero rectangular briquettes uye fomu yakakosha - yakatenderedzwa, yakaumbwa, yakaumbwa, trapezoidal, trapezoidal, trapezoid, nhamba uye vamwe uye vamwe uye vamwe. Inoshandiswa anenge kune ese marudzi ezvinyorwa uye mamiriro ekunze anoshanda, pamwe nekupedzisa mitezo. Izvo zvakakodzera kutarisana nezvidhinha zvakanyanya zvinodhura zvakajairwa.
Kukura, ano mudzimba Zvidhinha ndizvo chete (250 X 120 X 65 mm), mumwe nehafu, kana thickened (250 X 120 X 88 mm), kaviri (250 X 120 X 140 mm) uye modular (288 X 138 X 63 mm). Nekugadzira yekutanga kuverenga, iwe unofanirwa kuziva kuti madziro nekureba kwe1 m ndeyenguva dzinenge gumi gumi dzechimwe chidhina, 10 - imwe-awa uye 6 - kaviri. Pa1 M3 yeMasonry inoda 400 zvidimbu zveimwe zvidhinha uye 0,25 M3 Solution. Muna 1 m3 yakakwenenzverwa kamwe zvidhinha - 500 zvidimbu.
V. I. DAHL inopupurira kune dzakasiyana siyana dzekurwira nzira dzekugadzira dzinozivikanwa muRussia. Ngatitii zvidhinha zviri nyore - rakareruka bar bar - rakagadzirwa mune cage yemapuranga "pasi pekucheka, pasi pekutemwa"; Kutsvaira - neChishanu OAM "; tafura, bhuku, rakagadzirwa "pamatafura akachena uye akanaka"; Muchina - mune masero esimbi, mafomu; Kuyamwisa, nemupendero mumwe (kusunungurwa), - pane hurukuro. Zvidhinha zvetsime, boiler, - iyo curve yechimiro; CLINGLE - ETR. Maitiro ekugadzira zvidhinha zvine mwero zvaiita seizvi: "Batez (Master) inogara pabhenji, inoruma mushini, ichipinda nechirongwa; Mushure mezvidhina kudyarwa kubva mumushini mukuoma, kunoenda kuOrit, kunobva pamucheto, kunopedza kupfura. "Sezvo muganho wekupfura." Semuganhu weCm2) zvidhinha zvakakamurwa kuita brands: m 50, M 75, m 100, m 125, m 150, m 175, m 200, m 250 uye m 2500. Brick kubva kuCermina (Siliton Sand) inogona kuve nesimba rinoenderana naMark M 1000 (uye kunyange rakakura). Zvekuwedzera-kukwira kuvaka, iyo brand m 100 (125; 150) inowanzosarudzwa, asi simba rekuchengetedza re60% zvinoenderana neyakagadziriswa mhinduro. Semuenzaniso, soluce solution m50 inokurudzirwa kumadziro e8 m yakakwira uye hafu yezvidhinha.
Pakupedzisira, pakurwisa kwechando, zvidhina zvakakamurwa kuita brands: Mrz 15, Mrc 25, Mr. 50, iyi MrCs 10. Uyu hunhu hwakakosha hunopa kuvakwa kwerefu mumamiriro ezvinhu ekupisa kwemwaka. Iyo yakakwira rudzi rwekupokana kwechando, iyo yakaderera mvura yekubuditsa zvidhina. Pakupisa kwakaipa, zvinyorwa zvinonyanya kusimba mukati meiwo madiki madiki emvura achiputika iyo capillary chimiro che ceramics chine chando. Mvura inobata zvidhinha zviri mukati me6-16%. MuMiddle mutsara weRussia, hazvikurudzirwe kushandisa zvidhina pazasi peMPZ Brand 25.
Vagadziri vezvirwere zvezvidhinha muRussia muRusicyn Ceramic Chigadzirwa, Kuchinovsky Dunhu (Yarman (Nizhy Novgorod Dunhu), Pelgovovo-Strom (Ivanovskaya Oblast), "Kukunda -KNauf" (ST. Petersburg), chidhinha cheRyazic chidhindo ", Serpukhhovsky zvidyarwa", Korma "(Perm Dunhu Rokuvaka Stock, Novgicheskaya OBL.), Chelyabinsk chirimwa Kemma Stroyadstrium, Losinoostrovsky fekitori yekuvaka zvinhu uye zvigadzirwa, KAMROK BHUKU NEVamwe.
Zvigadzirwa zvepamusoro-zvemhando yepamusoro zvinobva kuRussia kubva padyo neLaGroad Radoshichichichichichichichichichicky Crevmer (Belarus), Aseri), Estonia) uye Lode (Latvia). Marudzi akasarudzika ekutarisa zvidhinha zvinotumirwa kuRussia kubva kuGermany, Furce, Finland, The Czech Republic. Zvidhinha zvekugadzirwa kwekunze uye izvo izvo zvivakwa zvedu zvakanyorwa zvakasiyana zvakasiyana neRussia yeRussia muhukuru.
Zvidhinha "mahombekombe"
Kushongedza rusununguko rwekushongedza - zviri kunze uye mukati meimba - zvinoda kutarisana nezvinhu. Hazvigoneke nguva dzose kushandisa zvidhinha mumhando iyi, sezvo zvakaoma, mafuta nemigwagwa. Iyo ceramic tile pasi pezvidhina inogona kuve kutsiva kunobudirira. Inoburitsa kubva kune ivhu rimwe chete uye kune tekinoroji yakafanana. Imba yakamanikidzwa neiyi tile, kuve yakachipa, usataridzika kushoma uye kudhura kupfuura zvidhina. Mukati mechivako, tile inoshandiswa semhando yakazvimirira yekupedzisa kana musanganiswa nePlaster, clapboard, Wallpaper, cafeter, zvakasikwa uye zvakasikwa uye zvakasikwa uye zvakasikwa uye zvakasikwa uye zviga zvechisikigo.
Mhandara mikana yemasikati inotemwa nemhando dzakasiyana dzemavara uye mavara. Vagadziri vanobvuma kushandisa izvi zvinyorwa zvakasiyana-siyana nhoroondo (pasi pegothic, pasi peRussia yekare, nezvimwewo, mukupokana, mukupedza kwemazuva ano emazuva ano. Ese matangi emasampuli anoiswa mumabhokisi evanogadzira uye vatengesi. Kupedzisa pasi pezvidhina zviri "kumeso" kwezvemaonesa emoto, makoramu, maronda, arches uye zvimwe zvinhu zvezvivakwa mukati nekunze kweimba. Zvakanakisa zvakare kushongedzwa kwechiedza (bindu, gadheni, mauto madiki ekuzvidza), mabhenji, maperembudzi, mapuranga, masitepisi, mapuranga, etcems. .
Mukuonekwa, tile yakafanana nemhando dzakasiyana siyana dzekutarisana nezvidhinha zvekugadzirwa kweEurope. Kwete akaderera kwaari kune technical tsanangudzo. Muganho wesimba rayo rekumanikidza rinoenderana neyechizi paramende m 200, kupokana kwemakumi matanhatu, kusimuka kwe2% (!), Kusvika 1700 kg / m3, inobata-bathy in yakaoma nyika - 0.43 w / (M * c). Zvinyorwa zvine hunhu hwakadai hunogona kushandira makore zana.
Mumusika wedu nhasi unogona kusangana neTile yekambani yeRussia Kamrock uye Ecolty Trade LLC, MaGerman Felina Celina Klinker, Feldhaus Klinker, Rollhaus. Kunze kune iyo inotevera parameter: ukobvu7, 9, 10, 15 uye 17 mm, upamhi 52, 62 uye 71 mm, urefu makore makumi matatu nemana. Zvinhu zve110/52/52, 240/115/52 uye 240/11/71 uye 240/11/71 mm neiyo yakaenzana uwandu hwokupedza makona ekunze. Pa1 m2 madziro, kutora account 12 mm yekubatira gap, matombo makumi mana nemashanu anodikanwa muhukuru 240 x 71 mm kana 64 mataira - 240 x 52 mm. Dhirivhari inoitwa mumapaketi makumi mana nemakumi matanhatu nenomwe. Mutengo weTile Sangano kubva pamadhora makumi maviri kusvika pamadhora makumi matatu pa1 M2, Angular zvinhu - kubva pamadhora makumi maviri neshanu kusvika pamadhora 34 p. m.
Tekinoroji yakarongedza tile pasi pezvidhina zvakafanana neiyo inoshandiswa kupedzisa nzvimbo nedombo rekunze uye ceramics. Semutemo, mumwe nemumwe wemakambani anotengesa anokurudzira zvimedu uye zvinonamira zvimiro zvinokwanisika. Yakasimba uye yakatsvedza (kongiri, panel) zvigadziko zvakaringana kuvhara ne primer, semuenzaniso, tiefengarund. Kana nzvimbo iri kutyaira, iwe unogona kuisa tsizi paanomhara uye masimbi akadai se dexter, Atlas pamwe, "monolith". Chigadziko kana chigadziko chisina kufanana chinofanira kuiswa pamwe chete panguva imwe chete inowedzera kusimbisa grid. Tile glued pane yakaoma ndege. Iyo seams inozadzwa neiyo yakafanana inonamatira kuumbwa, kana kusvetuka.
Maitiro ekuisa mataira ari nyore. Munhu asina kudzidziswa kwakakosha anogona kuiswa pane zvakasarudzika nzvimbo inosvika makumi matatu emam2 m2 pazuva. Mune zviitiko zvimwechetezvo, kana chikamu chakaomarara chivakwa chakaparadzaniswa, chinofanira kuve chakanyanya kutarisana nemhando - iyo yekumhanya ichave ichingopindira.
Fades, yakarongedzwa nendege pasi pezvidhina, inodzivirira kusimuka uye mamiriro ekunze, mitoro yemitambo, uye mhedzisiro yemvura yewidhi. Kubva pamusoro, tsvina uye soot inobviswa zviri nyore. Imwe mukana wekuti tsizi yakadaro isingawirirane neyekuparadzanisa (yakachena kurambana inobuda kubva kune zvidhina nekuda kwekubuda kweiyo nzvimbo yeiyo saline saltine saltine. Mazita uye zvinhu zvemukati, izvo zvinosungwa pasi pezvidhina, zviite iwe kuti use pakupenda uye chengetedza chitarisiko chehupenyu hwese hwebasa rekupedza zvinhu. Kutarisana uku kunogona kuita zvakasiyana siyana zvekushongedza kumba, kumutsidzira kutaridzika kwemaguta edu nemaguta. Izvo zvakakoshawo kuti pasina hombe mari kushandisa mari.
Proveal Zano
Zvakaitika mukuputirwa kweimba dzimba dzehuni dzinokamurwa nevaverengi, mukuru wedare reEkopolis yeboka remakambani Alexander Henrikhovovich.
Kune yekuvaka veRussia kuvakwa, dzimba dzechivanhu kubva muzvidhinha uye huni (danda, brusrers, furemu). Ivo vakakwirira kune mamwe marudzi ese ezvivakwa.
Sezvakamboitika munguva dzepapfuura, nhasi dzimba dzezvidhinha dzinoramba dziri chiratidzo chesimba uye kuremekedza. Nekudaro, madziro ezvidhinha haakwanise kusangana nezvinodiwa zvinodikanwa zvemazuva ano zvekuchengetedza simba. Mukuwedzera, zvidhina zvinorema, uye chivakwa kubva zvinoda hwaro hwakasimba, uye saka zvinodhura kwazvo.
Imba kubva kubhawa kana matanda haina kukodzera zviri nani kune vadikani vedzimba dzehuni dzehuni dzeRussia yeRussia. Imwe yezviitiko zvazvino mukuvanzika kwaive kutarisana nezvivakwa zvematanda zvine zvigadzirwa zvezvivakwa. Nekuda kweizvi, imba inobudirira inosanganisa zvakanakira zvidhinha uye zvivakwa zvematanda. Mabasa makuru ezvidhinha zvechikwereti anochengetedza zvekunze zvekutakura matanda emapurazi kubva kune zvakashata zvemamiriro ekunze, wedzera kusimba uye kuvimbika kwechivako.
Kuwedzera nharo mukuda kwekunaka kwakadaro kuwedzera kwekuwedzera kwemoto kuchengeteka kwemoto kumba, iyo yekuwedzera insulation, kuderera kwekugadzira. Iyi ndiyo nzira huru yekuvandudza iyo dhayeti yemapuranga yekupedzisa uye kuwedzera iyo yekutengesa mari yekuvaka.
Nekudaro, avo vanoshuva kuruma zvidhinha zveimba vanogona kutarisana nematambudziko zvinokomberedza zvakabudirira.
- Iyo yakajairika kusanzwisisika kwekugona kwekubereka kwehunyanzvi uye nevhu kune chitsva, kuwedzera huremu hwekuvakwa.
- Pasina mhosva haigone kumhanyisa. Pamberi pekutanga kwekutarisana, zvidhinha zvinoda nguva refu (kanenge gore!) Shrinkage uye kuoma kweimba yemapuranga. Rigid zvidhinha zvinogona kuwana zvakakanganisika zvakakonzerwa nemhedzisiro yemadziro emadziro asina musoro emapuranga.
- Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kutarisana kunova kusingabvumirwe. Semuenzaniso, kana imba iripo yemapuranga ine hwaro hwehukuru hwakanyanya. Nzvimbo yehunyanzvi hwenhekitori hadzizobudirira, uye kuwedzera kwekuvaka kuchawedzera kuwanda mutengo weprojekiti uye kunopa matambudziko mazhinji ane hukama nekudzikira uye kushambadzira kwekuvaka.
- Masvingo emapuranga akafa nema verticals anozoomesa masonry kana kunyange kuita kuti zvisakwanise.
- Chishuwo chekukurumidza kuenda kune yakatarisana, inofambisa vamwe vagadziri kuvaka matanda uye zvidhinha madziro zvakasiyana, pasina masimbi mesimbi. Iko kupokana kunowanzo kuve nyore: Ivo vanoti, mune ino nyaya, kuderera kwemadziro emapuranga hakuzoite kugadzikana kwezvidhina. Kunyengedzwa. Kuve wakaonda zvakanyanya (12 cm), madziro ezvidhinha haazotsungirire mutoro.
- "Mina zvishoma kufamba" - kusavapo kana kusavapo kusakwana kweiyo mhepo yekufambisa pakati pehuni uye zvidhinha madziro. Inofanira kunge iri kanosvika makumi mana mm. Zvikasadaro, vavakidzani vehyotroscopic zvidhinha uye huni vanozoguma nekuunganidzwa kwemanyoro pakati pemadziro. Uye izvi zvinoreva kutaridzika kwekuparadza kwehuni Flora - kuumbwa uye kuora - uye kuparadzwa kwakazotevera kweruzivo rwese.
Tichifunga nezvataurwa pamusoro apa, isu tichapa matipi mashoma kune avo vanoshuvira kushongedza imba yavo yematanda nezvidhina "mutsva."
Poshi. Iwe unogona kutanga kuisa chete mushure mekupedza imba yemapuranga. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti uzive kana hwaro huchatsungirira mutengo wekuwedzera - uremu hwezvidhinha zvezvidhinha. Kana zvisiri, hwaro hunofanira kusimbisa.
2. Zvidhina zvinofanirwa kutevedzera zvakanyatsotevedzera zvinodiwa neicho chinowanikwa chevhu uye perpendicularity yemadziro. Sangano rezvisungo pakati pezvidhinha uye huni. Izvo zvinokurudzirwa kuita kutaurirana kubva kuSimbi Yakakurisa, neimwe nzira kudzikamisa zvishoma nezvishoma. Iyo chinhambwe pakati pehukama - 3-4 mitsara yezvidhinha zvine musoro uye 0.5-1 m yakatwasuka.
3. Kune nzvimbo dzekuenda kwesanganiswa yezvidhinha uye masango emapuranga, zvakakodzera kuronga chiteshi chehupamhi nehupamhi hwechinomwe. Mumusungo wechipiri weMasonry, iyo makomba ezvekuti inodiwa (nhanho yechidimbu inodiwa (nhanho 2-3 m), yakavharwa nemadhawa ekushongedza. Kuyerera kwemhepo kumusoro kwemadziro kunopihwa negehena pakati pedenga reimba uye yemapuranga (inogona zvakare kuvharwa neiyo yekushongedza grid). Mutsetse wepamusoro wekusasimry unofanirwa kugadziriswa pamwe nekubatana.
ina. Iyo yekunze yemadziro emadziro inogona kurapwa chete neiyo antiseptic manyoro izvo zvisingagadzi firimu renzvimbo uye usatyore kuvhundutsa.
shanu. Zvakawanda zvemazuva ano - kushandisa vapor-inobvumirwa Tyvek Housewrap Memrrane (inogadzirwa neChinorent hanya), yakagadziriswa pamadziro emapuranga. MEMRANE inopfuura maviri maviri pasi pekumanikidzwa kubva mukati meimba, asi inogadzira chipinganidzo cheKurambidza uye kusiyana unyoro hunouya kuburikidza nezvidhina.
6. Kuti udzivise kusimudza capillary unyoro kubva kune ivhu kuburikidza nehwaro, zvakafanira kupa yakatwasuka mamiriro ekunze (semuenzaniso, hydrokhotonil). Iyo inoiswa pasi pekorona yekutanga uye yekutanga kuvharwa.
7. Izvo zvinowanzo kuve zvakafanira kune imwe yekuwedzera kweimba yemapuranga (semuenzaniso, kana kuvakwa kwekusakwana kwakaringana kwaive kukanganisa panguva yekuvaka). Nzvimbo yakanakisa yekupisa kwekupisa zvinhu haisi mumukati, asi kunze - pakati pemadziro emapuranga uye mendani inopinda. Mune ino kesi, mavheti emvura uye kudzikisira anokwanisa kuenda kuVentilation Channel pakati peMembrane uye zvidhinha.
sere. Zvekuti iyo yekunze yakanyorova inopinda zvishoma muzvidhina, zvinodikanwa kushandisa iyo inonzi inonzi hydrophobizer - madhiri-emvura-kudzoreredza. Asi zvakakosha kuti usarudze izvo zvevanochengetedza iyo Vapor yekufungidzira kwezvidhina (semuenzaniso, iyo IDrocoat kambani index index).