Zvidimbu zvakasiyana: shanduko uye inosimuka; Kubva kune huni, zvidhinha, girazi, yakaoma, zvimwe zvinhu, asi zvese zviri zvekutanga uye zviri nyore kushanda.
Mhando dzekushandura zvikamu:
A - yakapfava yakapetwa (rudzi rwejira),
B - Yakapetwa Yakaomeswa Single,
B - Yakapetwa yakaomeswa kaviri,
G - inodzora yakazara,
D - kudzoreredzwa composite
Zvinodiwa zvedzimba zvinochinja pamwe chete neshanduko dziri kuitika mumhuri, zvichikweretesa imba, zvakafanira kufanotaura nezvesarudzo dzakasiyana siyana dzisingaonekwe kunzvimbo yakazara yeimba, iyo huru capital magadzirirwo uye chitarisiko. Imba yekugezera uye masitepisi inogona kunge iine nzvimbo yakatarwa, uye shanduko yezvinhu zvakasara zvinokwanisika nekuda kwekutamiswa kwekutangisa kana kushandisa kutsvedza kwemhando dzakasiyana, izvo zvichakurukurwa munyaya ino.
Kusiyana nevatakuri vemitoro emadziro emadziro, zviyero hazvisi kusarongeka, kana kuti zviri zvekutsigira, kuzvitsigira zvivakwa. Ivo vakaiswa pamapuranga akasarudzika emakona akasarudzika, chero kupi uye chero nzira, saka, ita kuti zvive nyore, semuenzaniso, zvisina kufanira mamiriro emidziyo yemvumo), zvinoenderana nehurongwa hwekuvhiya hwemidziyo. Nekudaro, maererano nehutsanana uye hutsanana, chinodikanwa chekugezera, imba yekugezera, yakawedzera kupesana nekunyorova, kusavapo kwemazita kunobatsira pakuonekwa kwezvipembenene nemakonzo.
Zvikamu muCottages uye dzimba dzinowanzogadzirwa kubva kune zvinopisa-zvinodzivisa zvinhu (span kanokwana 0.25h). Assmeasor preemises ine tembiricha musiyano pamusoro pe10C (semuenzaniso, kana ichipatsanura iyo Tambura kubva kumberi) inofanirwa kuve neyakawedzera kupisa kwekupisa.
Mhando dzezvikamu
Nekugadzwa - stationary uye kushandurwa.Sekureva kugadzirwa, single-layer uye multilayer.
Maererano nenzira yekuvaka, yakakura-panel-panel (size iri mukamuri, iyo isingawanzo mubhadharo), yakajeka, monolitiki.
Sekureva kwezvinhu - zvidhinha, kubva pamatombo echisikigo, slab (emission-kongiri kongiri, etc. "Spuring, Spurme, kuvezi, kubva muzvivakwa.
Zvekunamatira-kubvaruka zvikamu, soundproofing funcity ndeye 45-50 DB. Iyo ine imwe-layer stationary zvivakwa, inorema 150-250 kg / m2. Lightweight single-layer chikamu (iskyrpich, arara "pamucheto", mabhodhi, etc. DB) uye shandisa chete semadziro emukati mukati meimba.
Mune zvimwe zviitiko, semuenzaniso, musiyano uripo pakati peimba yekugara, kicheni uye imba yekudyira inoitwa nekuvhurika nekuvhurika kana madimikira emagetsi, kwete kukwirira kwemadziro nemadziro emadziro.
Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti ruzha rwacho rwakanyanya kuchera zvisina kufanira kwete mune imwechete-layer yekuzvimiririra nemapundu kubva kune yakasviba kana mhepo yemhepo ine gobvu ye40-60mm, iyo yakaenzana nekuwedzera mukati iyo misa yeiyo imwe-layer chikamu pa100 kg / m2. Nekudaro, zvivakwa zvakadai zvinoda mari yakakwirira yemitengo uye nekudaro mumucheto inoiswa zvisingawanzoiswa.
Iyo yakasimbiswa kongiri slabs inoshandiswa muzvivakwa zvekugara zvinowanzogadzirirwa mutoro we300 uye 400 kg / m2, izvo zvinovatendera kuti vaise padziri dzezvidhinha zve120mm. Kuvandudza hunhu hwavo, huwandu hwemamiriro ezvinhu anovaka anodiwa: Zvikamu (zvese asi zvinoshandurwa) zvinofanirwa kuve zvichitevedzana zvakananga pane pasi pepasi, hazvidikanwe kuti zvakanetsa base, kana zvisina kudaro matsaucha achaonekwa mavari. Kutarisa neanodarika pamusoro pematanda ematanda ayo chidimbu chidimbu chinofanira kufungwa nezvazvo zvakanyanya.
Zvikamu zvacho maererano nemutengo, kusimba uye kunyengera kwemidziyo zviri munzvimbo yechitatu mushure memadziro, pasi. Nzvimbo yavo inodarika nzvimbo yepasi pano kanenge kaviri, mutengo wezvishandiso kusvika 8-10% yemutengo wakakwana wekamuri, uye pakuvakwa kweanenge 15%. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kuderera kwemukati uye uremu hwechimiro (uchiramba uchiita simbe, mutengo wakaderera une akasiyana siyana, izvo zvinodiwa kuti urege kutarisisa kana uchisarudza mhando yezvipatidziro.
Zvidhinha zvidimbu. Matanho ekutanga edziviriro zvakanyanya, mukusiyana nekusawanzo kushandiswa kushandurwa, mune kazhinji zviitiko zvakagadzirwa nezvidhinha (pamwe nemadziro ekunze) kana zvimwe zvidiki-zvidiki-chidimbu. Zvivakwa zvakadaro zviri nyore mukugadzirwa, uve nezvinhu zvakanaka zvekurwira moto, nekupokana, panguva yekuisimbisa hakudi kuita zvekusimudza kwemuchina uye kunogona kuve nechimiro (rectangular kana curviinear), izvo zvakakosha mumukati yekamuri yemazuva ano. Zvikamu zvinowanzoitika pamativi ese, nokungwarira, kugadzirira pendi kana kuyambuka neWallpaper. Kubva kudivi rezvivakwa zvine hupfumi hwenzvimbo, zvinodikanwa kuvakurira kureba kwakakwana (kana kusiri pasi pegumi nemana cm
Kuti uderedze uremu hwemadziro asina kujairika, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa zvinyowani zvehasha kana porous trunk zvidhinha, zvekugezera, imba yekugezera, yakakwana yakazara-yakareba (chena isina kukodzera).
Munzvimbo dzenzvimbo dzehuma diki, zvidhinha zvidimbu zviri 65mm gobvu. Kuti uwedzere kugadzikana, ivo vanofanirwa kusimbiswa vertically uye vakatwasuka, vachiumba sero re 525525mm. Zvekushandisa pamwe neContour yemasero akadaro anoiswa nekusimbiswa: Chero simbi yetambo ine chikamu chechipandara che255mm, kana matanda maviri ane dhata ye4-6 mm. Zvakakosha zvikamu kusvika ku1,5m uye ukobvu hwe 65mmmm kusimbisa kunoitwa chete mumakona akakomberedza kuburikidza nemitsara miviri kana nhatu dzezvidhinha.
Zvikamu zvemukati 120mm kukakavara nehurefu hwezvinopfuura 5m zvinokurudzirwa kudzoreredza bandage simbi yega yega mitsara mitanhatu yezvidhinha. Magumo ekusimbiswa anosanganiswa nemainini mainakara echivako, kuchema mumadziro, kana kuvhara uye kunamatira kumadziro, racks.
Vanosvetuka pamusoro pemasuo ekupararira vanogona kufukidzwa nemhando yakasimbiswa kongiri yekongiri zvinhu zvinhu kana kusimbisa netsvimbo simbi. Kana chishandiso chekuparadzanisa zvivakwa, zvinhu zvakakura zvinoshandiswa, semuenzaniso, gypsum kongiri, cellar concrete, celluly congmensi, iyo yakaenzana kubva kune 2500 kusvika 1200mm nekureba of 400mmm kusvika ku2,5-3.1m uye gobvu kubva ku40 kusvika ku80- 100mm. Misa inonamira kubva ku40 kusvika 80-120 kg. Mahwendefa anowanzo kuiswa mune imwe danda uye akagurirwa akave akaiswa pamwe nezvimwe zvinhu zvinopedza, semuenzaniso, penotseks. Kumadivi echikepe kunopfuura groove, iyo, kana yakaiswa, kusangana neyekuzadzwa ne plaster muridzi.
Kumira kwemapuranga emisuwo muzvikamu kubva pamapuranga kubva pamapepa anofanirwa kunge ari kuburikidza, iwo mosesiti kubva pasi kusvika padenga. Mukati meiyo comeling yakabatana, unogona kukurudzira kuisa mapuranga mashizha kuti ndeipi pendi, magirazi, hangora, nezvimwewo zvinomiswa patambo.
Mumakore achangopfuura, mabhizinesi mazhinji ekuvaka uye mafemu anopa mubatanidzwa kubva kuCellular kongiri, yakaoma-fiber, nezvimwe. Panels dzakakwira kubva pasi (2,5-3.0 m), 2000 upamhi uye nezvimwe, 80-100 mm gobvu. Izvo zvinhu zvisipo (nehuremu hwekamuri, kwete iyo yakafara yepamhepo yepanji) inotemwa kubva kune huru, uye plinths, manhamba okushayiwa, makona, masikirwo anobatanidzwa. Aya mapanera, akaunganidzwa nyore nyore muzvikamu, iva nerudzi rwakafara gamut, enda unotengeswa neye yakagadzirirwa-yakagadzirirwa nzvimbo inotumidzwa kutevedzera marble, huni dzevhu dzakasiyana uye zvimwe zvinhu. Mafirimu anovimbisa kusimba kwavo kwakakodzera uye kusununguka kwekutarisirwa. Yakaenda madiki-runyorwa uye slab zvimiro zvinenge zvakafanana, uye marongero ekuvaka huwandu hwakareruka hupfumi hwakawanda.
Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti munyika dzimba dzenyika nhamba yezvinhu zvinowanzoitika kamwe nehafu kupfuura mumakamuri emadhorobha. Naizvozvo, kushandiswa kweSeptum-chikamu-chikamu fenicha inobudirira kwazvo.
Majoini ese ezvinhu nezvipingamupinyi mushure mekupatsanurwa kwemasango, midziyo yemagetsi inofanirwa kusungwa zvakasimba, uye nekureba kwemapipi (15-20 mm) kureba kwakanyatsonaka nemazwi foam. Jade kumberi kwemadziro akavakirwa slit arikubvisa kunze nemhinduro kune kudzika kwe20-30 mm.
Micheto yeCreatitions inofanira kugadziriswa kumadziro uye nedenga nerubatsiro rwechikamu cheGreen Brack Brackets, yakakwira mumasuru pakati peSlabs of Dighapps nemadziro. Mhinduro yakabudirira yeConjugation inzvimbo yekupararira mukobvu dzemadziro, umo mafirro (matanho) ezvakadzika mm makumi matanhatu emamita mushure memashanu emitsara yemasoni. MaSeams pakati pekodhi furemu uye chikamu chakafukidzwa nebhandi racho. Teerera kune chokwadi chekuti maplaths anosungirirwa chete kune zvikamu kana pasi chete.
Matanda Matanda Mukuvaka kwazvino, ivo vanoshandiswa zvakanyanya mu log, vakaenzana, dzimba dzemapuranga uye dzimba dzemapuranga uye dzimba dzemunda. Kazhinji, zvivakwa zvakadai zvakananga zvinoitwa zvakananga panzvimbo yekuvaka kubva kune imwe nhoo dzine mapoka maviri (dzimwe nguva pakati pematare emabhodhi, resvomhu rakareruka, remakadhibhodhi rakarongedzwa, pergamine ( haifanirwe kushandiswa chete kana mumhanyi iyo bitumen yaive mavari inopa kunhuhwirira kwakasimba, kunyanya muzhizha). Kuti uwedzere kuomarara kwekuparadzaniswa, rimwe chete remabhodhi nehurefu hwe900-1200 mm uye gobvu re40-50 mm rakaiswa nemutsara, uye rimwe pakona ye45-90. Upamhi hwenhoo dzakadaro ndezve 500-1000 mm, kukwirira kwakaenzana nechekure pakati pepasi nepakati, vachitora mukana wekumusoro pamusoro pemadziro eimba uye nekusagadzikana kwezvivakwa.
Kuwedzeredzwa kwehupfumi kwehupfumi kwemasaga emapuranga, kunosanganisira kukwenenzverwa, racks uye trim. Iyo yematanda yehuni ine chikamu chemuchinjiko che50 (100) 80 (100) mm yakaiswa kure kweanenge 500-1200 mm imwe kubva kune chimwe chinhu uye chakabatana chekusvirana) uye chakabatana neyakaderera uye Kurovera kwepamusoro kwechikamu chimwe chete chemuchinjiko chine spikes kana zvipikiri. Chimiro chinobva pamativi ese maviri chakaporeswa nehurongwa hwe25m (clapboard) kana zvimwe zvinhu: plywood, pllyboom, plasterboard (yakaoma) plaster, nezvimwe. Kugamuchira vaeni, mapurasiti mashiti (kana asina kubatana pachigadziko chesenti) nyore nyore uye anogona kuchengeta zvipikiri zvakaipa. Zvikwapu zvehuni zvakafukidzwa neWallpaper kana kuderedzwa pamativi ese maviri.
Zvimiro zvehurongwa zvaunogona kupa kuwedzera insulation Kuti udzivise kupora kunogona kuitika mushure me400-600 mm, yakatwasuka yezvinyorwa zvezvakashata (Aperture) zvakarongedzwa pakukwirira kwemarara (kupatsanurwa), semuenzaniso, kubva kumhinduro ine kusimbiswa kweganda. Zvidimbu zviri nani zviri nani kana mhiri kwematanda. Mukutanga, mabara madiki (anofamba) anoiswa pakati pematanda, ayo anomiswa pamatambudziko esimbi.
Kune mamwe marudzi e "kupatsanurwa madziro", akadai sekuveza, kunze kwechiedza chakasimba nhovo dzemapuranga, veneer veneer, decs ripi kana simbi grids, girazi rekuvhara zvidimbu. Ivo vanoshanda mumakamuri uko kwakanaka kurira kwekunzwa hakudiwi, asi kwakakosha nzvimbo yekubatana kwenzvimbo nzvimbo.
Zvidimbu semidziyo. Rudzi rwakakosha rwemukati runyararo rusvingo rwezvidimbu uye makabati, madziro emadziro. Ivo vanogona kuiswa chero kupi mune imwe imba pane kuvakwa uye mune iyo yekuchinja kana kugadziriswa kwekamuri. Hombe dzemadziro enhema dzine wardrobes yekuchengetedza zvinhu uye kunyange fenicha. Nzvimbo yepasi kune iyo celing mukati megadziriro inokwanisa kubatwa, kuitira kuti imba yacho iburitswe kubva kufuma yakajairwa: Yakasiyana Chipfuva chemadhirowa, chipfuva, masherufu. Kushandiswa kwezvikamu uye madhipatimendi emakabati akasiyana-siyana zvakasiyana: Zvipfeko, mucheka, masutukesi, ndiro, mabhuku; Matafura eFilk, vanyori, kuronga kwemabhawa, mibhedha, mibhedha, ayo anonyanya kuve nyore mumakamuri evana anogona kuiswa mavari. Mutengo wekuparadzanisa uku kanopfuura katatu kushoma pane kukosha kweiyo nguva dzose, asi zvakanyatsojeka zvakanyanya.
Iko ukobvu hwekubatana kwakadaro kunogona kuve chero, asi kazhinji kune zvipfeko, zvineni, kwemabhuku ekureba, ndiro, makumi matatu emamita. Ivo vakabatanidzwa neiyo itsime uye seMi nerubatsiro rwekutarisa screws uye inosimbisa mapads.
Mumakore achangopfuura, imba yekukomba yakasununguka yakagurika, zvakare yakakwira kubva pasi kusvika padenga, mukati mayo zvisati zvaitika kuti ive nzvimbo yakawanda yekamuri yekamuri) girazi, yakatsvuka kana matsi anotsvedza (kutsvedza) mikova isingade yakakwirira mraba. Ivo vanogona kuve vakakodzera kune ese asiri maviri madziro.
Zvikamu uye makabati uye maWardrobes zvakanaka nekuda kwekuti vanogona kugaramo chero kupi zvako mumba, vachifamba, vachipa chimiro chitsva cheimba zvichienderana nemhuri dzakashandurwa dzemhuri. Makabati emakabati anogona kusiyana muzvikamu, sezvaiwanzounganidzwa kubva kuModular elements uye isese dzakavakirwa-mumidziyo. Uku ndiko kunakidza kunowana kune zvemukati zvemukati medu yekuvandudza.
Kuvhenekera kwazvo mhando dzakasiyana siyana dzekushandura zvikamu: kutsvedza, kudzoreredza, kwakapetwa, kuputika kwakapfava, kwakaomarara. Ivo vanoshandiswa pakuparadzaniswa kwenguva pfupi (kana kukwira) emakamuri, senge imba yekutandarira, yekudya kana inlet horo; Rimwe zuva kure, manheru uye manheru uye usiku hunogona kukamurwa kuita minda yekurara.
Iyo yakanyanya nyore uye iri nyore dhizaini - yakapfava kana yakaomeswa yakadzvanywa zvikamu: Drapery yakashandurwa mune imwe kana maviri mativi kusvika pane yakazara yehupamhi kana chikamu chekamuri. Kazhinji ivo vakagadzirwa neganda rekunze, firimu repurasitiki uye zvimwe zvinoshandiswa zvinosimbiswa, izvo zvinosimbiswa neye glued vertical wate-racks cucks Ivo vanomiswa pamigumo yekumusoro pane iyo paired rollars inofamba mukati meiyo hafu-yakapwanyika ceiling mething metheni-purasitiki kana huni mbiri. Kuti uwedzere kuomarara, kuona yunifomu yekupeta chikamu mumigumo yakadzika yemapundu, mapanga esimbi "akaiswa mugwara-slot dzimwe nguva akaiswa. Inofanirwa kuvezwa nemarara esimbi kana makona uye gadzira (3.5 mm). Kureba kweiyi dhizaini kuri kusvika 3m, uye kureba ndeye 1.5-3 m. Iyo fomu yakarongedzwa iyo isingatore inodarika mazana matanhatu mm pakureba uye 200mm muhupamhi.
Zvakaoma kupetwa zvikamu zvisina kuroora (zvikamu zvinosvika) uye zvakapetwa (OT8m uye machira emapurasitiki nehurefu hwe2,5-3 mm, 250-600 mm piano piyano piano piano zvishwe kana kunyange ganda remaganda, brad. Ivo vane yepamusoro kana vakaderera vafambisi vari pakati penzvimbo imwe neimwe huru, iyo inovatendera kutenderera kana uchityaira. Pamusoro pemipendero, mweya miviri yemadhadha emvura yakaiswa, iyo inosungirirwa pamabhiza, uye kana zvichidikanwa, kukiya uye kupfira.
Izvo zvine musoro kuti ushandise zvinodzidziswa zvemazuva ano zvekutangisa (senge sash mune wadhi). Ivo vanowanzourayiwa zvakasiyana, pakukwirira kwakazara kwekuparadzanisa, 800mm yakakura kwazvo mapaneru uye vazhinji vari mundege yayo, iri mumutsara wakananga. Zvichienderana nenzvimbo yevaRollers, zviyero zvinosiyaniswa nekumiswa (kumusoro) uye chirevo (pasi). Mukupedzisira, vatungamiriri vanogadzirwa pasi (vanenge makumi mashanu nemashanu kudzika). Mushure mekuvhura, iyo bloove-groove-groove iri nani kuseta kwenguva pfupi njanji yekubhururuka ine pasi pepasi. Nechidiki (pfupi) magadzirirwo, maCooves anogona kuvharwa nehombodo yehurefu hwerabha inodziya pasi pezasi roller.
Iwo maComposite mapanera anofamba achienderana neyekumwe kune mumwe nemumwe pamatanho uye mune yakakomberedzwa nyika inochengeterwa mune yakakosha Passette.