Mhando dzematanho, dzichigadzira zvinhu uye zvinhu zvinoshandiswa. Kuverenga kwemaratidziro. Nzvimbo dzechinyakare dzekuiswa kwemasitepisi mune furati kana imba.
b. Masitepisi kubva precast concrete anofamba nemasaini pakureba kwepasi 2.8m
mukati. Stair Kurume ne Simbi Colies
G. Dhizaini yematanho kubva kune chimwe chinhu
Masitepisi haangotibatsira kuti tibve kubva kune imwe pasi tichienda kune imwe. Kazhinji inova chiratidzo chekubatanidza chero mazinga, semuenzaniso, "staircase yebasa" ... Iyi yekutaurirana inotungamirwa inogona kutitungamira (hings) kana pasi (yakapinda). Zvimwe zvakavanzika zvematanho aticharatidza pamapeji emagazini yedu.
Masitepisi, ndege dzinonamira (ramps) uye mechances inosimudza (elevators, dzinoyera) dzinoshandiswa pakutaurirana pakati pehupamhi, mapuratifomu uye makamuri ari pamazinga akasiyana. Masitepisi chete anowanzo kunyorwa nedzimba dzebwe. Kuwedzera kumabasa uye kukosha mukuumbwa kwechivako kwechivakwa chekugara, masitepisi akapatsanurwa mu: kupinda, ari kunze kana kugeza (niche) yeimba; Main- yekukurukurirana zvachose pakati pematanho; Zvekubira, semuenzaniso, zvichitungamira kunzvimbo yepasi, uye mune dzimba kukwirira kwevanopfuura 10muadzi moto, kazhinji kunowanikwa pane iyo face uye inotungamira padenga remba.
Masitepisi anofanirwa kuve akasununguka uye akachengeteka, isa bandwidth bandwidt
Kana uchisarudza uye kugadzirisa masitepisi, basa ravo rakakosha mukuronga chimiro chekuronga-chakaronga uye chekuvaka muviri seyese chinofanira kufungwa. Nyaradzo pamba, mukati mezvivakwa zvaro zvinhu zvikuru, kuumbwa kweiyo flace kuchagadziriswa zvakanyanya nekukanyanyo kwenzvimbo, saizi, chimiro, kupedzisa masitepisi. Kufunga uku kwese kunofanirwa kuitirwa kubva pakutanga kwekutanga kwekugadzirwa.
Masitepisi ane zvinhu zviviri zvikuru - mapuratifomu uye matanho ekumhanya. Nzvimbo dzakakamurwa muFloor, (paruvhu repasi pega yega) uye yepakati (yepakati). Iyo yekubvumbi ndeye inoshanda uye yakasimba chinhu chinobatanidza maviri masitepisi uye kuvimba navo. Iyo ine nhevedzano yematanho, yakasimbiswa kazhinji pane maviri, uye dzimwe nguva pane imwe nzvimbo inoda. Kana matanda acho aine matanda ari pasi pematanho, anonzi Kosomers, uye kana ari pamativi (magumo) matanho. Matanho ekutamba uye nzvimbo dzekutamba dzinofanirwa kuve nekukasira kubva kune maoko, railing, 800-1000mmm.
Zvichienderana nehuwandu hwemabhawa hunobatanidza maviri adjacent pasi, masitepisi haana kuroora, maviri- kana matatu-nguva (ine chishandiso chesimba kana kukwirira kwemapuranga kubva 4.2m). Yakakwenenzverwa fomu yematanho anoenderana nekurara kwemahombekombe nemapuratifomu uye zvinogona kuve zvakananga, nedenderedzwa, pamwe necrew, iyo dzimwe nguva inonzi fan. Izvo zvinongedzo zvinowanzoitika kazhinji kusangana nedanho-rakatwasuka kana twist uye maviri emazuva ese masitepisi.
Masitepisi anogara munzvimbo yakawanda, saka imwe yemabasa edzinza ndeyekuita kuti vazive zvakanyanya. Kuti vaite izvi, mune dzimba, dzinowanzogadzirwa kwete chete neyakajaira uye pasina chikuva chepakati chekuvaraidza, asiwo neanoverengeka anonzi anonzi mhanya-pasi nhanho. Ivava wedge-yakaumbwa maererano nedanho renhanho sekunge mhanya wega pasi peimwe. Sampling yenzvimbo yakatetepa (nzira yemukati yekutenderera) yakafara yeiyi nhanho haifanire kunge isiri pasi pe80mm, asi zviri nani 120mm.
Ndege yakatwasuka yechikamu ichi inonzi inofungidzirwa, uye chinhambwe pakati peiyo mbiri yepedyo - iyo inosimuka, iyo yakaenzana pakureba kwechikamu. Maererano nemitemo, huwandu hwematanho mune imwe staircase March inofanira kunge iri kanenge katatu uye isingasviki 18. Nekudaro, mukuita mune mahwanda uye nehuwandu hukuru. Zvekutengesa zvinokonzeresa, uchifunga nezve kudiwa kwekuchengetedza nzvimbo, iyi ndiyo mhinduro inogamuchirwa.
Upamhi hwesitezo yemasitepisi, yakatemwa nechekure pakati pemitjiko kana pakati pemadziro uye njanji, inofanira kunge iri 900mm, kana zvisina kudaro vanhu vachasangana nemumwe vachange vakaoma kuwongorora. Dzidzira zvakaratidza kuti mukuvakwa kwekuvanzika, iyi chiyero hachiremekedzwe nguva dzose (nekuda kwenzvimbo diki yenzvimbo). Nekudaro, hazvikurudzirwe kuita kuti chihure chihure chisingasviki 700mm.
Upamhi hwesitepisi haifanirwe kunge isiri shoma frit hungwaru, uye chikuru (chitoro) chikuva, mukuwedzera, chinofanira kunge chakaringana nzvimbo yemasuo uye elators (kana paine). Kwakakosha kwazvo kuti kuve nyore kwekushandisa masitepisi kune nzvimbo yayo yakatsvedza, ndiko kuti, hukama hwehupamhi hwekunamatira kana kuwanda kwekureba kwekufamba kwechiitiko charo. Kana kusimudza, munhu anofanira kushandisa kanenge kaviri simba pasimba pane kana uchityaira zvakatwasuka; Nhanho yepakati ndeye 570 kusvika 640mm. Naizvozvo, kuti azvichengete runyararo rwekufamba mumatanho ari pamatanho, idzo dzingangoita makumi mana nemashanu. "Saizi yechiitiko chegumi neshanu." Kukura kwechiitiko che148mm) neine inonamira upamhi hwa300mm. Kureba kwakareba kweaner ndeye 150 2 = 300 mm uye upamhi hweanonamira - 300mm muhuwandu ndiyo avhareji pombi yemunhu - mazana matanhatu emamm.
Kana uchisarudza uye kugadzirisa masitepisi, basa ravo rakakosha mukuronga chimiro chekuronga-chakaronga uye chekuvaka muviri seyese chinofanira kufungwa.
Mune tsika yekuvaka zvivakwa zvekugara, chaiwo yakasimbiswa yakasimbiswa kongiri yematanho ematare neakasarudzika yeMarch 1: 2 yaizivikanwa kwazvo. Nekudaro, kunze kwavo, masitepisi akadzika anoshandiswa zvakanyanya muCottages (Suclon 1: 1.55; 1: 1.5 Uye inotonhorera inotonhorera), iyo inogara zvakanyanyisa. Kureba kweVanyori vezvikwata kwakadaro kunogona 180-190mm uye zvakawanda, uye upamhi hwakagarwa - 250mm uye zvishoma. Staircase inotungamira kune yepasi kana tarissi inogona kuve ne1: 1 inotsvedza, kureva kuti, 45.
Kuti kuve nyore kwekufamba kwakakomberedza masitepisi, iyo haifanirwe kunge yakaderera pane kutsoka kwemunhu. Kuwedzera kwehupamhi hwenhanho ne 30-50mm kunogona kuitwa nekuda kwekudya kana roller kunamatira pamusoro penhokwe.
Masitepisi ane matombo emabwe (kunyanya mune zvekare zvivakwa zvekare, pamwe nekunze, kupinda), kusungirirwa kongiri, yemapuranga uye simbi. Inosanganisira moto wemoto-, pamwe nemasitepisi ane mitsipa yakaoma kana kureba kwemazwi, apo maRowers akaiswa pasi (mafambiro kana marefu), nehurefu (kureba kwechikamu chinopfuura 1.05 m yakasimbiswa kongiri) kana kubva padombo rakasimba dombo. Pasinei nezvinyorwa, mutoro wekumanikidza wezvikwiriso zvezvivakwa zvekugara zvinofanirwa kunge zviri mazana matatu kg / m2.
Muitiro wokuvaka razvino, dhizaini yemasitepisi inoitwa zvakanyanya kubva kune yakajairika yakadzivirirwa kongiri, yakakwirira pakureba kweiyo standard pasi 2, makumi manomwe; 2.80; 3.00; 3.30m nezvimwe. Izvo zvehupfumi zvakanyanya uye zviri nyore mugadziri uye kuisirwa kwemaviri-mutambo wakakura-element staircase, inosanganisira maviri-mhando yerudzi runyararo uye maviri-emhando-mhando nzvimbo. Iyo yakagadzirwa ne brand 200 kongiri neinosimbisa mapuranga akasvinura uye waya. Mufambiso ane macosom miviri uye matanho akaiswa pamusoro pavo, ayo anoumbwa pamafekitori akasimbiswa kongiri zvigadzirwa mune chimwe chinhu chakakurisa. Kuti kuve nyore kwekuisa mahombekombe nemidziyo, njanji pakati pavo kubva pakakwenenzverwa 100mm. Masitepisi akagadzirwa nenzira yedombo rakasungwa pamwe chete neiyo contour ine yakasimbiswa edges, iyo yakavakirwa pamatanho maviri ekufamba (kusvika kumusoro uye pasi). Machi nePlatferifomu zvakare yakasungirirwa kuti tiratidze zvikamu zvemari. Masikirwo emativi kubva kumativi ekupedzisira anowanzo kuve neakakosha console protrusions - "nzeve", izvo zvakavakirwa pamatendere mumatare ezvidhinha. Panyaya yeiyo nyaya yemicheto yesaiti inokonamira pane iyo Simbi "matafura akaiswa mumadziro.
Mahwendefa ematanho uye masayi anobva kune zvidyarwa kuti nzvimbo yekuvaka ine yakachena matanho akachena. Kuti urege kuupamhi hunobatsira hwesitepisi yekudzikiswa, marara mahwendefa ekutenderera arikugara padivi. Nemabhureji makuru masitepisi (1200mm kana more), marara masimbi anogona kusimbiswa mune zvigadziko mune prop uye nzvimbo. Ipapo matendere akasimbiswa nehombodo yemuti. Kune zvivakwa zvematanho ane pamusoro pemusoro, semuenzaniso, mosiki kana ceramic matiles, achiuya. Izvi zvinhu zvinoiswa pane mhinduro mushure mekuisa nhanho.
Nzvimbo dzakasarudzika dzakatumirwa kunzvimbo yekuvaka ine matanho akapatsanurwa uye mapuratifomu uye akaiswa panguva yekuvakwa kwemadziro, panguva yekuvaka bepa rinofanira kuponeswa nepepa kana chifukidziro nemapuranga. ORLAPS inowanzo kupihwa nemurume. Iko kushandiswa kwekusimbiswa kwepamhepo kwakakura-nhanho masitepisi ematanho ezvinyorwa zvinobviswa 15% kuti uderedze kudhinda kwekongiri kwakaenzaniswa nemazamu ane kuenderera mberi muchikamu chinopfuurira
Mudzimba dzemhando yeCottage, manera haawanzo kukosha kupinda mune staircase. Mushure mezvose, makamuri ese ari pedyo nekubuda, huwandu hweimba chidiki, saka, kushandisa masitepisi akaomarara akaomesesa-mhando idzo dzinoda kushandiswa kwemakramita neinosimudza mukana wekusimudza mari inopfuura 1.5T , kwete nguva dzose zvakanaka.
Zvakawanda zvine musoro uye zvinongedzo, zvakazaruka masitepisi ezvikamu zvakasiyana siyana uye mafomu anogona kuve ane musoro uye anomira. Nyaya dzemvura, dzinogona kunge dzine mapoka akapatsanurwa, mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvakakura, uye kubva pamatanho, matanho uye nechitofu uye mitezo yemitezo. Yakasimbiswa kongiri uye matanda madiki-element madhiri ematanho anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukuvakwa kwakaderera-kusimuka, nepo tops neyekukutakura kusvika ku500kg anoshandiswa. Chokwadi, kuvakwa kwematanho akadai kunoda mari yakakosha yevashandi uye ivo vanodhura kupfuura makuru-makuru-ezvinhu kusvika pamakumi mana muzana.
Muchinhu chidiki-chakasimbisa mitezo yemakona, matanho anoiswa nemakonzo maviri, kana imwe neimwe, iri pane imwe chete yeiyo axis yeMutambo. Mukati memusi waKurume, March anoiswa pamusana wenhanharo, anonzi anobva. Nechimiro chekupedzisira, pakureba uye kureba, ivo havana kusiyana nenhanho huru. Upamhi hwenhanho dzakabva pane zvakaderera pane zvakakosha, sezvavanenge zvakavakirwa pamwe chete pamawere, chikamu pachikuva chivharo. Yakasimbiswa concrete inowedzera uye matanda ane rectangular muchinjiko chikamu. Kuti utsigire cosomi mumatanda enzvimbo inoguta nematendere.
Muzvidhinha uye huni-mbiri-nyaya (dzimwe nguva nhatu-nyaya) dzimba dzinowanzoisa mapepa emapuranga, izvo zvakaringana mukati meimba, kana kuita basa rekutaurirana, asi zvakare hunyanzvi uye hune chinhu. Iko nyore uye runako rwemasitepisi zvinogona kupa chikamu chepazasi chekutanga, chidimbu chidiki chekufamba kwehuwandu hwechihure (semuenzaniso, oval maererano). Izvo zvinowanzogadza curly rack rack, yakaomesesa muchimiro pane izvo zvakaiswa pane mamwe matanho.
Masitepisi emapuranga anokodzera kuita kubva kuOak, larch kana pine. Wood akadya akapfava uye nyore nyore, saka inogona kushandiswa chete yeKosomrov. Masitepisi emapuranga anowanzoda johiya hombe. Pazasi, masitepisi ese akakonzerwa akasimba pamatanda akasimbiswa kana slabs yekunyanyisa uye gadzirisa magadzirirwo akawandisa. Pamabhodhi epasi, masitepisi haagoni kubatanidzwa. Kosomers uye midoro inoita 50-70mm matema emabhodhi, kwete isingasviki 200mm upamhi. Nzvimbo dzeKosoge dziri nyore mumushini uye, pamwe, yakawedzera kunaka. Kurara kubva kune yakasimba kana maviri madiki madiki mahwendefa e30-50mm, akaradzikwa pakatarisana nedanda Magumo ematanho anoramba akavhurika uye anoda zvakanyatsopedza. Iyo ranja inogona kuve yakakora 18-25mmm. Mabhodhi ari nani kubatanidza screws uye glue, sezvo kubatana kwepikiri kwekunetseka kunguva.
Muzviratidzo, mukati, kune akacheka-mukati mekudzika kwe20-25mm mumhando yematanho mune zvinonamatira uye zviratidzo zvinoiswa. Kuti kuve nyore kwekugadzira uye kukereke, iyo mafaira anofanirwa kutemwa kuburikidza nechimiro chakakosha kusvika pasi kana kumusoro kwechiso. Iwe unogona kukwira kumusoro matanho kumakumbo uye nerubatsiro rweanotsvedza, makona.
Kuti uwane simba rakakura, tinter dzimwe nguva inosungirirwa netambo kana tsvimbo ine dhaya ye12mm. Iyo fenzi yemasitepisi Zvichienderana nechimiro chemukati, fenzi yemasitepisi inogona kunge iri pachena, semuenzaniso, kubva kuPlexiglass, kana mataira asina matende kana akafukidzwa kana akamanikidzwa. Dzimwe nguva zvinogadzirwa kubva kune zvinongedzo zvesimbi kana mapuranga emapuranga, akagadziriswa nemakanda pasi nepakati nepamusoro matanho.
Machi nemapuratifomu kubva pazasi anogona kuvhurika, akabatanidzwa nemapuranga kana akadururwa.
Zviripiko zviri nani kuisa iyo yemukati mekamuri yekamuri?
Izvo zviri nyore kuisa nzvimbo huru masitepisi ari pakati peimba. Mune ino kesi, kamuri iri kutenderedza pamupendero wemadziro ekunze, uye mwenje wakaringana unowanikwa, uye kudzika uye kusimudza mumisasa uye kushamisika kune tika kuvepo uye kugadzikana. Kazhinji zvinofungidzirwa nezvakafunga uye mitezo, iyo stairces yakaiswa mumadziro ekunze, kuguma kwazviri, kana kunyange mune imwe mhosva, asi mune ino yekuparadza kwenzvimbo yacho haina kutora nzvimbo inogona kutora nzvimbo yaigona shandiswa mukamuri newindo.
Masitekisi ekuvhurika anotaridzika chaizvo muLobby kana mukamuri rakakura, imba yekutandarira, inzvimbo yemoto, kunyanya kana iyo yekuvhura yakagadzirirwa mudenga, iyo inogadzira chikamu chemukamuri yakakwira uye yakangwara. Steadcase yakadaro nevanokunda vanogona kunge vaine chimiro chetsamba yakakura "P" kana "g". Masitepisi ari kumativi, ayo ari mune imwe nzvimbo yakasarudzika yekamuri yekubatira, kurerutsa mhinduro dzekugadzira dzeanodarika.
Kuisa masitepisi pane veranda kunogona kukurudzirwa kana makamuri anotonhora achishanda zvakanyanya ari pamusoro.
Mune dzimba dzemhando yepamusoro yedenga pamusoro pematanho, unogona kusanganisa denga reimba. Chiedza kana chekate staircase, inotungamira kubva kune yechipiri pasi pane yechitatu kana tarissi, inowanzowanikwa zvakasiyana kubva kune huru, asi isiri kure neiyo menderekedzo yekunyanyisa.
Cottage inowanzo shandiswa zvakajairika munyika dzeEurope uye dzakakurudzirwa nemapepa mazhinji emapuranga, pamwe neFAN. Ivo vari mukamuri diki diki, vanogona kuiswa pamadziro kana pakati pekamuri, isingadhuri uye yakanaka, asi kana ichiisa ichida yakakwira kukodzera kwemasters. Mutakuri weCentral rutsigiro rwechisungo cheScrew Staircase inowanzo shanda pombi yesimbi, iyo yakakomberedza zvipembenene zve150-200mm console yakavezwa kana yakasungirirwa neimwe yeiyo tuts nehurefu hwemazana manomwe emammm nezvimwe. Iko kune simbi isina tsvina ine yakashata yekumusoro ndege, huni kana mapurasitiki. Njodzi inogona kunge isiri, uye nhanho yedanho rakabatanidzwa nedanho rechitima kana kumadziro akafukidzwa.
Matanho eFAN Staircase (Wooden kana Concrete) iri kutenderedza mbiru yezvidhinha, kusendamira pairi nemugumo wakamanikana, uye neye-yakarongedza madziro-akamhara staircase. Nyaya dzakanaka dzekudzika mukamuri kana kusimudza mune diki diki, zvinokwanisika kushandisa zvakakwana plug-in, steep (Suclon 60 kana zvimwe) masitepisi emanera kana akatomiswa. Mhando yakawedzerwa yematanho akafanana ndiyo Type "Duose (Gungwa) Nhanho, Rwiyo haruna kugadzirwa) dzakakamurwa uye dzakaringana uye dziwane imwe kune imwe pane imwe pane imwe neimwe nyaya yemumwe neumwe. Chimiro chakapetwa, mune yakasarudzika ye300 mm mizhinji, yunivhesiti-120-150mm, yakagadzirirwa makumbo anotsigira chete pane imwe hafu yedanho rechikamu. Nhanho, panzvimbo peshure, chete inonamira, zorora pane testers kana matanda kana simbi boosters.
Munhongwe dzezvinyorwa "imba uye zano", iwe wakazvibatanidza nezvinyorwa zvekuronga uye zvinovaka mhinduro dzeimba, yakagamuchira zano rehunyanzvi pane iyo sarudzo uye nekuvakwa kwekamuri pazvinhu zvese uye zvikamu zvacho. Kana paine chichaita kunge chisina kujeka, yakaoma, edza zvakare kuona zvinyorwa zvekutanga zvekutanga. Zvichida zvichakupa rubatsiro runoshanda, zvinowedzera kuvimbika uye kunaka kwemusha wako.