Maitiro ekuvisa tambo uye waya pane chiitiko uye mumba: Yakadzama gwara

Isu takatemwa nemitemo, sarudza izvo zvakaringana uye mhando, pamwe nekupa zvakadzama zano rinoshanda.

Mharidzo nezve moto, chikonzero chacho chaive chishambiringa chisina kunaka, munguva pfupi yapfuura kuti takatanga kuwirirana nedambudziko rakadaro sechakaipa chisingadzivisiki. Uye zvakakwana pasina. Kunyangwe huwandu hwemidziyo yemagetsi munzvimbo dzimba dzekugara uye simba ravo rakakura, iwe unongoda kusarudza tambo dzakaringana uye waya pane waya pane chiitiko - chichatibatsira kudzivisa matambudziko mazhinji.

Zvese nezvematanda uye waya

Misiyano waya uye tambo

Terminology

Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu

Sarudza Chikamu

Brable tambo

Mhando dzeWiring dzeMusha

Wiring pane saiti

Kubatana kwehurongwa

Zano Rinoshanda

Maitiro ekusiyanisa waya kubva padombo

Wires uye tambo dzakasiyana muhuwandu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu (kubva 1 kusvika ku37), kubva pa97 kusvika 800 mm2) uye zvinoshanda zvinoshanda voltage. Ivo vanogadzirwa neInternation kuVoltage 380, 660 uye 3000V yekuchinja kwechinguvana, tambo pane chero vhata. Yakatemwa waya wairova mufambi aigara muganda reRubber, polyvinyl chloride kana viniplast. Kuti udzivirirwe kubva mukukuvara kwemuchina uye kufumurwa kune iyo yekunze svikiro, kusvikirwa kwemamwe mabhurawu akafukidzwa nekotoni brad, yakasarudzika neanti-nipple. Wires yakagadzirirwa kuiswa munzvimbo dzine njodzi yakawedzera yekukuvara kwavo, yakadzivirirwa neyekuwedzera kubva paganda waya. Saka, kana iwe uine chimwe chinhu chinonyatsochinja mumaoko ako, kuva neyako kuzviparadzanisa nevamwe uye uko hwehukadzi husina mumwe musikana, ingangoita tambo. Kana isu tiri kutaura nezve chigadzirwa chine gobvu neruoko rwako uye nezve kuomarara kwakafanana kunosanganisira vatengesi vega uye vakashongedzerwa nekupetwa kaviri tambo. Panyaya kana iwe uchifanira kuunza magetsi kune iyo kamuri kana emagetsi chiratidzo, asiwo ini handidi kupambadza kutaridzika kwema waya akarembera, iwe uchazoda tambo. Maitiro ekuzvisarudzira?

Kushongedza imba yako nemidziyo yakawanda yemagetsi inoda waya akawanda akasiyana uye tambo, nezvekusarudza nekuisa iyo yaunoda kufunga pachine nguva.

Kutanga iwe unofanirwa kuona kuti chii chinofanira kuiswa. Zvakakosha. Nekuti kana iwe uine nzvimbo mbiri-dura yemabwe, ikamira pachikomo, isina kumbovhunika nemvura, uye zvese zvinoshanda pane nzvimbo yacho inogumira kune bvudzi remagariro, mhinduro ichava imwe. Kana, semuenzaniso, nzvimbo iri swampy, nekumhanya kwepasi pevhu, uye iwe unoda kuunza magetsi kune imwe nzvimbo yekugezera, uko electrocamenaker yeSauna, uye pane iyo saiti iwe uri kurima nyika ine trekita , mhinduro ichave yakasiyana zvachose. Zvakangodaro, mune zvese zviitiko, usaite pasina tambo. Funga maitiro ekusarudza tambo mumatanho. Nyaya yekukosha kweiyo sarudzo yakawanikwa nemaune yekuregera nemaune kupfuura iyo chimiro chechinyorwa, zvinhu zvese zvinoenderana chete pane huko hwe chikwama chako. Ingosakanganwa kuti panguva imwechete uye zvakachipa, uye hazviitike zvakanaka.

Isu tinonzwisisa terminology

• Aigara - izvi kazhinji ndiye conductor conductor.
• Wires - Zvigadzirwa zvine imwe chete kana kupfuura mapatya ekusiya akamiswa, pamusoro peiyo kune iyo lightweight inodzivirira sheath (semuenzaniso, mhepo yemhepo, mhepo kana brading kubva kune fibrous zvinhu).
• Iyo yekuisa waya ndeye waya yeyakaderera voltage yemagetsi yekugovera network.
• Kambo yemagetsi - waya nechikamu chemuchinjiko kusvika ku1,5 mm2 ine yakasungirirwa yakakwirira-inochinjika cores. Yaishandiswa kubatanidza zvishandiso zvekufamba. Mitsipa iri mune ino kesi ndeyechokwadi-nzira yakawanda. Mukuwedzera, ivo vakabatana nekwoshi kana kugoverwa braid.
• Iyo tambo ndeye mashoma mashoma ayawi waya yakavharirwa mune imwe chete kana anopfuura ekudzivirira mahebhu.

Maitiro ekusarudza zvinhu zvakanaka

Copper inokodzera kuAluminium. Iyo ine hukama hukuru uye hushoma hwekutakura kuora. Mukuwedzera, tichienzanisa nendarira aluminium, zvirokwazvo, uye nezvakangoitika zvinoverengeka, zvinogona kungotyorwa. Iyo midziyo yakaipa yeAluminium iri uye yayo yekukurumidza oxidation mune yekubatana nemhepo, mhedzisiro ndiyo yekuumbwa pamusoro peiyo yekubatanidza oxide firimu. Izvo hazvishandise magetsi aripo zvakanaka, zvinoreva kuti zvinodzivirira kusikwa kwekusangana kwakanaka. Nzvimbo yacho ine chekuita zvakaipa ichange ichinetsa, kutaura, kunyange zvakanyanya oxidized, inotonyanya kudziya, uye hapana kure nemoto. Uye kana iwe usingade kudzokorora nyaya yeiyo "Katsi imba", iwe uchafanirwa kutarisa nzvimbo dzekubatanidzwa kweAluminium yakararama kune zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi.

Kana uchisvika muClwing Clamps, Aluminium inoratidza imwe dradback - yakaderera simba simba. Nekuda kweizvozvo, Aluminium inotsvedza kubva pasi pechirevo ("inoyerera"), kuzorora kusangana. Saka, aluminium waya iri mumabhokisi emabhokisi uye mamwe madhiri, ipo clamps inoshandiswa pakubatana, zvakare inoda nguva nenguva yekutambisa nekutambudzwa.

Mukuwedzera, nendarira aluminium ine mhangura, iyo galanic maviri inoumbwa, mune iyo aluminium, yakaratidza kugadzirwa kweElectrocorosion, yaparadzwa. Izvo zvinotungamira kune imwe yekuwedzera kuderera. JSC mhedzisiro yeichi chiitiko chatakangotaura.

Sarudza Chikamu cheCables

Iyo tambo inowanzove ine 2-4 yakararama. Chikamu chemuchinjiko (chakanyatsojeka, nzvimbo yemuchinjiko-chikamu) yemitsetse inotemwa neyakaoma.

Yeuka: Iyo nharaunda yedenderedzwa s = 0.78d2, uko D ndiyo dhaya yedenderedzwa.

Zvichienderana nekufunga kunoshanda, uine tsika diki yesimba razvino, muchikamu chechipfuva chemhangura chinotora kanosvika 1 mm2, uye aluminium - 2 mm2. Nemahombekombe akakura zvakakwana, iyo wire chikamu chinosarudzwa pana plug-musimba. Iyo inowanzoenderana nekuverenga iyo iyo mutoro we1 kwauri 1.57 mm2 yechikamu chemuchinjiko. Kubva pano tevera maitiro ezvikamu zvezvikamu zve waya, izvo zvinofanirwa kuteverwa kana uchisarudza dhayamu. For aluminium, iri 5a ne1 mm2, yemhangura - 8a na1 mm2. Zvichingoisa, kana iwe uine kuyerera kwemvura heater pa 5 kW, zvakafanira kuibatanidza neya waya yakaverengerwa kanenge 25a, uye chikamu chemhangura chinofanira kunge chiri chinguva 3.2 mm2.

Avvg magetsi tambo: Aluminium veins (1-4), chikamu chemuchinjiko che20.5 kusvika ku50 mm2, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl chloride shell. Yakagadzirirwa kuisa vaviri mune yakaoma uye munzvimbo dzakanyorova.

Power Cable vvg: Copper Veins (1-4), chikamu kubva 1 kusvika ku50 mm2, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl chloride shell. Inoshandiswa kuiswa mumakamuri akaoma uye emvura.

Funga kubva pane dzinoverengeka dzezvikamu zvemuchinjiko (0,775; 1; 1.5; 2; 4; 6; 6; 4 ,5 , Copper Discount. Semuenzaniso, kana kuverenga kweiyo mhangura kunoda chikamu che2,5 mm2, ipapo kweAluminium iwe unofanirwa kutora 4 mm2, asi chivharo chaunoda 4 mm2, ipapo for aluminium - 6 mm2, nezvimwewo

Wires yesimba remukati uye marara manhamba anowanzoiswa mukudzivirira kupurasitiki epurasitiki hoses.

VBBSHB tambo: Copper Polyvinyl-chloride pane dzimba, polyvinyl chloride shell, nhumbi dzokurwa nendege dzinovhuvhuta, hermetic kunze. Inogona kuiswa kwese kupi kune njodzi yekukuvara kwemuchina kukuvara kune wiring panguva yekuvhiya.

Kazhinji, tambo yeimba iri nani kusarudza chikamu chikuru chetiru kupfuura chinodiwa, - pakarepo iwe unoda kubatanidza chero chimwe chinhu? Mukuwedzera, zvinodikanwa kuti utarise kana muchikamu chewaya nemari yakakwana chaiyo inoenderana, pamwe neyekudzivirira kwedunhu kana kuti inowanzove iri padyo neyekupokana.

Saka, iwe pakupedzisira wakasarudza pane chimwe chinhu uye chivharo chikamu. Nhanho inotevera ichave kusarudzwa kwerudzi rwetambo kana waya.

Chii chinonzi tambo mhando

Iyo mhando ye waya ndeye tsamba yekududzwa iyo inoratidzira iyo nzira yekuzvigadzirisa, kuzviparadzanisa, iyo degree rekuchinja uye dhizaini yezvibereko zvekudzivirira. Iko kunyora kwezvinhu zvemberi zvinoshandisa iyo inotevera notation:

• Tsamba yekutanga inoratidza zvinyorwa zveMufambiro mutsinga (toti, a - Aluminium). Iko kushomeka kwemavara muchiratidzo kunoreva kuti iyo nzira yekufambisa yakagadzirwa nemhangura.
• Tsamba yechipiri inoratidza waya.
• Chetatu ndicho chinhu cheInternation (semuenzaniso, P - Rubber, mu - Polyvinyl chloride, P - polyethylene).

Mune mazwi emataira uye tambo, mavara anogona zvakare kuve aripo, achiratidza zvimwe zvinhu zvegadziriro:

• O - Braid.
• T - yekuisa mu pombi.
• P - flat.
• F - simbi yakapetwa shell.
• G- chinoshanduka, nezvimwe.

Mutemo wakanyanya kukosha ndewekutenga nemucheto. Ehe, kana urefu hwacho husina kukwana, kune nzira dzekuwedzera iyo. Asi ramba uchifunga kuti nzvimbo yekubatana inzvimbo yekuonana, uye yasangana nenhamo.

Mhando dze provo.

Mhando dzeWiring dzeMusha

Nenzira yekuita magetsi emagetsi kunogona kuvhurika uye zvakavanzika. Ingui yakakanda yakakamurwa kuita mapoka maviri. Chekutanga chinosanganisira ma wiring mumhando dzakasiyana dzemapepa: simbi, girazi, maAsbetic, rubber, neboka repiri rinoumbwa newiring mune zvigadzirwa zvekuvaka, pasina mapaipi. Pipe laying inokutendera kuti uite waya isina kuvharwa waya kana zvichidikanwa. Mumakamuri akaoma, wiring yakavanzwa inoitwa mu pipes (ichinzvera, ichinzvera nesimbi yesimbi, simbi), mumabhokisi matsi, zvidzitiro zvakavharwa, pamwe nemawawa akasarudzika. Mumakamuri emvura - mune mapepa (ekusimbisa unyoro rinodzivirira, simbi), mabhokisi matsi uye zvakare waya chaiwo. Mune mbishi uye kunyanya zvakadzama makamuri, iyo wiring yakavanzwa inobvumirwa chete mukusimbisa unyoro hwekuramba pombi dzinodzivirira.

Wiring pane saiti

Kana iwe uchizoshandisa pombi paunenge uchiita magetsi munzvimbo iyi, ramba uchifunga kuti ivo vanonyanya kuchengetedza tambo kubva pakukuvara kwemuchina Isu tinonyanya kusareva kuti mapepa anodzivirira kushandisa wiring kubva mukunyorova, mvura yacho ichawana mvura. Uye zvakare, mapaipi anogona kuumba kubva kumhepo inopinda pakupinda kana kubuda magumo. Asi ngazvirege kuita hanya. Tambo pachayo inogadzirwa hermetic. Kusunungurwa kusati kwasunungurwa kutengeswa, iwo maawa gumi nemaviri ekuchengetwa mumvura pasi pekuvira kupfuura iyo zita rechinomwe. Naizvozvo, zviri nani kufunga nezvedzidzo dzedare rakarara.

Mabote akarwadziswa anogona kuiswa pasi chete muvhu, asi zviri nani kuti zvakaderera pane kudzika kwakadzika. Zvikasadaro, kuwedzera uye kumanikidza kwepasi kuchikwanisa kudana tambo. Chokwadi, kudzika uku kunogona kuitika kuve kukuru kune kudzika kwedzinza repasi pevhu. Kuisa tambo mumvura haina zvakare kusakosha. Kubvumirana kunogona kunge kuri gasket muAsbestos pombi ine kuwedzera chisimbiso. Uye kupa tambo, haina madikanwa kusundira kugona uye kuchiwedzera pakurara (kunyanya kana iwe uchimhanya uchishandisa mwedzi yezhizha, tambo yechando ichabatana uye inogona kuputika). Imwe sarudzo ndeye kushandisa mabbbs uye wbbshin Brands tambo dzinoita zvekutakura michina.

Kubatana kwehurongwa

Iwo maironga emuviri wekubvumidza muviri weEnergonadzor anogona kuwanikwa ari mumubhadharo webindu rako rekudyidzana, kana mudunhu redunhu. Ehe, hapana munhu ari kuita kurongeka. Asi kana dambudziko zvinoitika uye, somugumisiro yacho kuvhara, kuchava moto kana chinhu chakadaro, makambani inishuwarenzi pasina gwaro kwakadaro kunogona kuramba nekuripira kukuvara.

Zano Rinoshanda

1. Kana wiring asingagumi yakavezwa, zviri nani kushandisa tambo ine zvazvino-kutakura mavheya kubva kune imwechete waya. Izvo zvisingasviki akawanda-kugona, kuora kuri pasi pekutora (nekuda kwenzvimbo yepasi pevhu), uye zviri nyore kuzvichenesa usati wabatanidzwa.
2. Rubber pasi pechiitiko cheOzone iri mumhepo, maat agroves uye akafukidzwa nemicrocracks. Naizvozvo, zvinodiwa kuti ushandise tambo neRabha inovhara nzvimbo dzezuva. Zvirinani kushandurwa uye tambo dzakarara muvhu.
3. Polyvinyl chloride inoda kupaza nechando chando, saka zviri nani kushandisa tambo naPolyethylene kuunganidza mumugwagwa.
4. PolyethyLyLy O diss firefighters, saka munzvimbo dzakasarudzika rekuzvinyaradza pendi rinokwanisika (muchiratidzo chewaya chinoratidzwa sePS).
5. Tambo dziri mumatanho denderedzwa zvirinani kurara muzhizha. Pakutonhora kana vachipfugama nekuda kwekukanganiswa kwechinguvana chando chekutungamira, kuumbwa kwemocrocracks kunogoneka.
6. Avvgng tambo, wdgng, avbbšng and vbbsnns inoonekwa nehombodo kana yakaderera flammability purastic purasitiki hose. Inoiswa munzvimbo dzine njodzi yemoto.
7. Kana iwe uchizoita tambo munzvimbo yemumvura (semuenzaniso, kubatanidza mapepa emapepa kana kuti simba remuzu yezhizha pane saiti), iwe uchazoda musana wakakosha wFP yeinjinesa zvinokosha. Zvinokuvadza zvemuenzaniso uyu zvinosanganisira izvo tambo yakagadzirwa wega. Saka, zvekubatanidza pombi kana tsime, iwe uchafanirwa kushandisa waya mbiri, dzadzoka nemumwe (kuitira kuti arege kuzorora). Semamwe mikana, iwe unogona kufunga nezvekushandiswa kwechiFrench lyonipompe tambo. Iyo nhatu-musimbiri, chikamu chetatu che1,5 kusvika 4 mm2.
8. Zvekubatana kwechinguva chidiki, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa tambo dzakarasika dzeBrands KG uye PPER - neCopper Nyowani Nesimbe yeRabha, yeChinzvimbo Chisingaperi: Mumugwagwa - VG, yeGetket In the Ground - Wbbshv ine chombo chinodzivirira.
9. Kana iyo tambo ichidikanwa nezvinhu zvinokuvadza (varwi ndidzo madziro eimba yako yemapuranga kana mafuta ane madziro egiraundi), iyo tsamba "(ng" inofanira kunge iripo mukusanangurwa kwayo (isina- kuparadzanisa chikanganiso). Izvi, semuenzaniso, tambo dzeCBN, iyo, nenzira, iri nani kushandisa kwete chete mudzimba dzemapuranga (kumubvunzo we "Ganda" reganda ").
10. Kana paine ivhu risingarereke neakadzika rapamhepo yeiyo avvgz uye wgz brand cares, inokurudzirwa kuiswa muvhu mune yakaderera corrostion chiitiko mukushaikwa kwekukuvara uye kusavapo kwekutenderera. Kana iyo nzvimbo isina ngowani ikaneta (izvi zvinopera, semuenzaniso, nekuda kwekuti izvo zviri muzvimvuri zvebhindu remitongo mumutauro wakashandurwa; matanda efenzi aya, nezvimwewo) , zviri nani kushandisa abbb uye wbbsh (polyvinyl chloride padzimba, chombo chenzvimbo yekukwira, pamusoro peiyo hermetic hose), yakagadzirirwa chero mamiriro ekushanda uye anodzivirira kukuvadzwa kwemakaniki.
11. Mukuwedzera, sei kuziva kuti voltage mune network uye kuti mangani zvikamu zvinoshandiswa pane yako saiti. Kana 10 v uye 1 chikamu, saka maviri-kana matatu-kana matatu-kabati chichakwenenzverwa (wechitatu akararama - "Earth" - kazhinji ane chikamu chidiki chekuyambuka kupfuura vamwe). Kana 380 v uye matatu-chikamu chazvino (chinodiwa kuti chishande pombi uye motors), zvakakodzera mitezo mitatu-ina (sodinchal vhezheni) kana tambo ina (yechina yakagara (yeChina Yakararama - "Pasi Rina"). Izvi zvinoratidzwa mune zvigadzirwa zvemuchigadzirwa. Semuenzaniso, KG - 42.5 zvinoreva tambo ina-inomhanya ine chikamu chemuchinjiko chemitsetse yeyekutanga 2,5 mm2.