Isu tinotaura nezve zvakanakira uye nharaunda yerudzi rwechitima uye maitiro ekuvaka.
Kana musika wezvivakwa zvezvidzidzo zvekirasi uye zvivakwa kubva kuchiedza-gomba muRussia zvakave nekugadziriswa uye zvivakwa kubva kune yakakura-fomati inodziya mapepa chete.
Zvakanakira zvakasimbiswa concrete mapaneru
Isu tese tanyatsoziva nedzimba dzakawanda dzimba, saka tinoziva nezvezvakanakira zvezvimedu zvezvimedu, pakati pezvimwe zvekutanga zvinofanirwa kunzi simba rakanyanya, kusimba uye kwakanakisa kupisa kweinjiniya maitiro. Masvingo akagadzirwa neyakagadzirirwa yakasimbiswa kongiri yekongiridzo yakadzvanywa zvakakwana nzira yekubuda mukati meWindows, havadi imwe dziviriro yekugezesa uye nekuchenesa madziro uye matenga ekuvaka inogona kutangwa iyo yekudziya system uye kutanga kupedzisa basa. Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo fenzi inoiswa mune imwe nyaya yemazuva - panogara zvidhinha kana zvidhinha zvaizotora mwedzi.
Maitiro ekugadzirwa kwavo
Mutengo we1 M2 yeiyo Panel Cottage Pasina Kuenda Mumidziyo yeNzenari uye Kupedzisa Kunotanga kubva zviuru makumi maviri Zvitunha., Izvo zvakafanana nemutengo wekuvaka kubva kugesi-silirate zvidhinha.
Zvinyorwa zvekunze kwemasvingo emba zvinogona kuve zvechinyakare zvekuvakwa kwepamusoro-kwakakwira kusimbisa concrete mapaneru ane insulation yakagadzirwa maererano neGost 31310-2015.
Iyo yekunze uye yemukati matare eseri yakadaro ongororo inoitwa kubva kune inorema kongiri ne granite filler uye simbi yekusimbisa yekirasi A500. Iyo yekunze uye yemukati w / w coler yakabatana kune mumwe nemumwe neyemahara zvisungo zve simbi isina tsvina kana yakasimbiswa kongiri.
Kuendeswa kwemapaneru kunoitwa neakakosha kutakura (Pawenecosomes), uye kusunungura - iyo ine simba crane, inoda flat, isina kuvakwa nezvirimwa zviri kure zvinotsigirwa.
Sarudzo yemotokari crane inoenderana nehuwandu hwemapaneru emadziro uye chinhambwe icho chavanoda kuti vatamiswe. Semutemo, maitiro ekuisa yeimwe pani ane maminetsi gumi nemashanu, uye kuiswa kweiyo huru yekuvhara chimiro cheiyo yekutanga pasi kwemazuva maviri kana maviri mazuva
Panguva imwecheteyo, zviyero zvemukati zvinovakwa zvakavakirwa nemadziro ekunze.
Renguva pfupi inogadziriswa maronda zvakachengeteka yakachengetedzwa kusvika kune hwaro uye mapaneru ane anchors
Maitiro ekuvaka kubva akasimbisa kongiri concrete slabs
Ehezve, imba yePanel inoda hwaro hwakavimbika, mhando iyo inosarudzwa mushure mekuongororwa kweshoko re geological kwesaiti. Kazhinji inomira pane iyo monolithic tepi (yakadzika misodzi) kana slab nheyo.Kana iri sarudzo yemhinduro dzekuvaka, pane zvishoma zvidhinha zvakaoma pano: Izvo hazviiti kuve zvinokwanisika kuvaka kunze kwemadziro eRadius, turredra polyhedra, turrets. Nekudaro, kuderedza mutengo uye kuwedzera kwekuvaka, zvakanyanyisa kurerutsa kurongeka kweimba, kusiya vasingaiti, makona asina kunanga, mararamiro (kunyangwe zviri nyore kuronga loggia. Nekudaro, mapapiro mapapu anotenderwa kusanganisa neSononry - uye ipapo iwe unogona kukwanisa chero masayizi.
Mumwe nemumwe uye serial
Kufanana kwekutaurirana-monolitiki-monolitiki revancel yekuvaka kuti zvinyorwa zvegadziriro zvinosanganisira zvimisikidzwa zvepani imwe neimwe, pamwe chete nemirongwa yeAnglegy.
Vagadziri veimba yedzimba vari vashoma, uye zvakanyanya ivo vari kuita dhizaini yezvivakwa zveindasitiri uye zvivakwa zvakawanda. Kune rimwe divi, zvine zvazvinobatsira pamhando yebasa uye kutevedzera nemhando yekuvaka. Pane imwe - zvese zviri zviviri chirongwa uye kugadzirwa kwemapaneru zvinoenderana nemadhirowa emunhu anodhura. Izvo zvinokwanisika kuderedza mutengo we1 m2 panel akaderera-kukwirira dzimba mukuvakwa kwakakura, asi hapana mamiriro ehupfumi nazvo.
Gungano
Semutemo, mapani anobva aisa munzvimbo yekugadzira pane hwaro hwepasi pepasi pemhinduro uye akasarudzika achishandisa tsigiro yenguva pfupi (Pods). Mapango ese emadziro e-imwe pasi akaiswa kwemazuva rimwe chete kana maviri.
Mune ino kesi, yeimba yePanel yakavakwa nekudyidzana kwekunyora, asi yakavimbika slab foundation (Plate gobvu 400 mm)
Munguva yekugadzirira kwekuiswa kwemapaneru pane chitofu chakanyorwa simbi saws
uye akaita marongero emubhedha seam. Akabva atanga kuisa mapaneru munzvimbo yepurojekiti
Zvekubatanidza kwezvinhu zvakasikwa zveWorus, zvishwe zvebleel zvishambwe zvinoshandirwa mudanho re400-500 mm zvakaringana. Ivo vanoisa vertical fittings. Iyo seams pakati pemapaneru isangadzwe zvishoma nezvishoma. Kutanga, ivo vanounganidza madekwani uye zadza iyo yekudzidzira node pasi (iyo contour yeiyo yemukati kutakura denderedzwa remapaneru) nekongiri inorema. Semhedzisiro, imwe chete yechikwata-monolitiki dhizaini inoumbwa. Mushure mekungobata kongiri, kutsigirwa kwenguva pfupi kunobviswa uye tanga kuunganidza iyo inotevera pasi pane.
Kuiswa kweMapaneru kunoda kubatanidzwa kwehunyanzvi hwekushandisa (marori nekutumira-kuita kusvika pamatani zana nemakumi maviri) uye madhiri ane ruzivo anobva kune mana-matanhatu vanhu
Kuiswa kwekupedzisira kushaikwa kwesamu kunoitwa mushure mekunge kuunganidza bhokisi kumba. Panguva ino, mapundu pane contour yeiyo insulation neye mineral Wool mitsetse kana polyurethane foam ari chisimbiso. Mukupedzisa, seams mune yekunze yakasimbiswa concrete layer inowedzera - apa ivo vanoshandisa harness feathylencelene uye selant yekududzira seams, iyo mumakona ezvinyorwa kana (mumakona) ekushongedza mataira.
Paunenge uchisimbisa seams, iyo fomu yacho inotanga kuiswa uye izere neyakanyanya concrete mapundu pakati pematota emukati emapaneru
Pasi rinotevera rakafukidzwa nemahwendefa ekunyora uye kongiri dzose dzekudzora node, kusanganisira mapundu pakati pemahara (15, 16).
Chikwata chimwe-monolitiki yekugadzirwa kwepasi inoumbwa. Mushure mekungodana kongiri, iwe unogona kupfura rutsigiro kwenguva pfupi uye kutanga kuvaka iyo inotevera pasi.
Nekuvaka-kusimuka-kwakadzika kwekuvaka, upamhi hweradudzirwo hwekududzira hunonyanya kushoma pane hwakareba uye hunongova 20-25 mm.
Hapana chinotadzisa hwakanyanya hwakawanda hwekupaza panoramic. Mahwindo nemasuo akaiswa mundege yeInternational yekudzivirira kudzikisira kutonhora
Insulation
Avhareji yevhesi ine heater - mahwendefa ekuwedzera polystyrene foam (epps) kana yakakwira-density mineral uye yakatwasuka uye yakatwasuka grooves inopa mhepo yezvinyorwa. Iko ukobvu hwesimbe hunotemwa nekuwedzera kweinjiniya yekuverenga uye inogona kusvika mazana mana em.Mukugadziriswa kwekutanga, iyo 200 mm inyorodzana inowanzopihwa. Kunyangwe nekushandiswa kwemakungwa emaminerari, ayo ane imwe huru yekufambisa yekubatira pane iyo epps, iyo yekudziya yekuendesa mari yemadziro ndeye 4.9 m² • ˚с / W. Iyi imwe nehafu kakapetwa kakawanda kupfuura izvo zvinoda iyo SP 50.13330.2012 "Kuchengetedza Kwekudzivirira Kwezvivakwa" kune zvivakwa zvekugara pamabende eMoscow.
Kudarika
Iyo Pani yePanel Raironga yakagadzirirwa yakafukidzwa pamusoro pePB uye PC FOGVES. Dhizaini yakadaro ine yakanaka yekubereka simba (mutoro wakaparadzirwa unobvumidzwa kusvika 800 kg / m2) uye zvakanyatsotaura nemhepo ruzha.
Nerubatsiro rweplate ine gobvu ye250 mm, zvinokwanisika kukurira spin yemamita kusvika pamakumi maviri nemashanu, kusvika pamamita gumi. Iyo yakaenzana yakaenzana yeiyo ceiling slail is 1.2 m. Mukuwedzera , mahwendefa aripo akapamhi akakombama 290, 470, 650, 830, 1010 mm.
Mhanya masitepisi anowanzo kuratidzwa uchishandisa standard pb zvivakwa uye maPC yehurefu hwakasiyana hwakavakirwa pamadziro ane mabhureki
Iko hakuna matambudziko nemushini wewindows yewindows yekuvhenekera masitepisi (pakutendeuka kweMarch) - inoitwa panguva imwe chete mumapuranga ekutanga neyechipiri.
Iko kurongeka kwekumusoro kwezvinhu zvechivakwa kwakakwira kwazvo, uye upamhi hweeams hazvipfuure makumi maviri nemashanu mm
Balcony kana mamwe mahwendefa rutsigiro kana nekuwanikwa (semuenzaniso, kune yepakati kana chimney yehupamhi hombe) dzinogadzirwa pasina muvhenekeri, nekusimbisa chiuno. Iyo mudziyo wemasitepisi inosanganisira ongororo dzekutsigira kana simbi kana yakasimbiswa concrete inoburitsa matanda.
Denga remota rakafukidzwa nemidziyo yakamonyana pane bitumen kana polymer hwaro neutsi uye pombilation pombi, pamwe neyakaderera concrete paret iyo inokubvumira kuti ugadzirise kunyatso kuronga dhiraini
Pedza
Panel madziro anogona kuparadzaniswa kubva kunze nenzira dzakasiyana siyana. Kana iyo fekitori isipo, iri nyore kuviga ne decastative plaster kana kuti iwande pamusoro peganda remucheka wegumi nemashanu, uye ipapo pendi pendi (musimboti, kana uchiita kwete kurwira iyo yakakodzera, iwe unogona kupenda madziro asina kunamatira). Hapana chinotadzisa uye kuisa iyo yakarongedzwa face ine trim, semuenzaniso, fibratent mapanera kana danda pondo. Chokwadi, maitiro ekukwira chimiro (Doombles) achange aine imwe nguva ichidya pane nyaya yematanda, furemu kana foam block madziro.
Kazhinji, kukurumidza kuvakwa kwenzvimbo dzekunze dzemapaneru dzinoumba pafekitori iri pasi pedombo kana zvidhina uye zviripo zvakare neyemhepo pendi yemuvara unoenderana.
Imwe nzira yekukurumidza kupedzisa ndeyekuiswa kweiyo Aggregate. Zvinotemerwa ndezvekuti mune maitiro ekugadzira, kuumbwa kwakakosha kunoiswa kune iyo pani, iyo inotadzisa iyo yepamusoro yepamusoro yekongiri ine kudzika kwe3-5 mm. Mushure mekuiswa kwePaneti, iyo Slucky Deyer yakashambidzwa nekumanikidzwa kwemvura, chimiro chakakonzerwa nemvura chine hunhu hwekushongedza zvinofumurwa. For zvivako noutsinye maindasitiri werudzii, unogona kurayira ukomba pamwe decoration anokwenya kuti anechekuita ne unokosha mumakwenzi kusvikira pakuguma kusvikira pakuguma.
Chekupedzisira, mapaneru anogadzirwa nekupedza kutarisana kubva kumakonzo kana matombo emabwe. Mushure mekuiswa, inosara yekuvhara iyo yakafanana zvinyorwa zvemapendero emapendero emapaneru uye seams.
Denga reCope rakaiswa nenzira yechinyakare. Chikamu chayo chinotakura chine maMauerlat uye mapuranga emapuranga, ipapo mune inotonhora inoteedzera munhu anotevera dongo uye denga. Denga reimba, uye nekuwedzera, insulate iyo mineral mhou pakati peRafter kana foam pamusoro pemafirita
Pros uye Cons Rekuvaka Ravakwa
Pros
- Kumhanya kwakanyanya. Kuisirwa kweimba yeimba kunoitwa neakakura kwevhiki. Panels inogona kupihwa nekupedzisa kwekunze kana chimiro chekusimbirira kwayo.
- Kusimba uye kupisa kwakanyanya uye kupisa kwemadziro emadziro.
- Iko kupisa kwakakura kwekuwedzera kugona kwemadziro (mushure mekuitisa mweya mumakamuri ari kukurumidza kutsika).
- Simba rakakwirira, kuchengetedzeka kwemoto uye kusimba kwemhando huru dzeimba.
- Mukana wekuvanzika wakavanzika wekutaurirana, kupfava kwekuisirwa kwemawindo uye masuo, zvakashongedzwa - iyo yemukati menzira yakafanana neyakagadziriswa mufurati.
Mines
- Mapani haana kuitirwa kugadzira mafomu akaomarara (tinocherekedza kuti kuramba kusiri kwekushanda kwekushanda uye zvishongo zvechisimba ndeimwe yeiyo huru yeEuropean Architectural maitiro).
- Iyo inofungidzirwa madziro emadziro, nekuda kwekuti izvo zvisingagone kushandisa mamwe marudzi enheyo (semuenzaniso, lightweight pile-yakapendwa).
- Migwagwa yakanaka yekuwana inodiwa uye rori yemahara yerori yerori crane.
Iyo tekinoroji tekinoroji inosanganiswa zvakakwana neyechigadzirwa chakadai fashoni inoyerera sekisimusi. Zvese zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira zvine seti yakakosha yeiyo kutakura simba, uye zviri nyore kuronga furati (kusanganisira iyo yakashandiswa) denga kubva kune yakasarudzika kongiri concrete slabs
