Kahortagga birta laga soo qaado xarkaha: wakiilada caadiga ah, kuwa u da'ay kuwa wax ku beddelaadda, rinjiga noocyada sagxadaha kala duwan, casriga ah "laba".
Dhulka-dhaldhalaalka "ee miridhku" ka adkaado sii kordhaya caannimada adduunka oo dhan. Ka dib oo dhan, la shaqeynta waa wax fudud
Sawir K. Manko
Midabaynta bir-qabad ee midabaynta leh oo leh waxyaabaha qaaska ah ayaa loo baahan yahay oo keliya in laga difaaco hubinta. Isla mar ahaantaana, faahfaahinta birta waxaa lagu siin karaa midabka ama hadhka ku habboon sida ugu wanaagsan ee gudaha ah.
Naqshadeynta Studio "laba Guryo"
Sawir K. Manko
Furxadda furitaanka ee birta lagu been abuuray ayaa loo rogi doonaa xitaa buundo yar oo kale. Rinjigu wuxuu badbaadin doonaa quruxdooda sannado badan
Darajun ilaalinta ayaa u oggolaaneysa oo keliya in la kordhiyo nolosha adeegga saqafka, laakiin sidoo kale waxay siisaa muuqaal soo jiidasho leh.
Naqshadeeye iyo qurxin T. Kontrant
Sawir K. Manko
Waxyaabaha birta ee jaranjarooyinka iyo dayrarka waxaa laga yaabaa inaysan ahayn qaybta ugu weyn ee gudaha, laakiin sawirkooda ma ahan faahfaahinta ugu dambeysa.
Sawir K. Manko
Sawir K. Duboves
Waxaad ku rinjiyeyn kartaa dusha sare ee birta ah laba siyaabood: Classic (Primer Pint rinji) ama mid casri ah, ku dabbaqaya "laba" hal "ama" saddex "mid".
Dhulka-dhaldhalaalka "ee miridhku" aad ayey ugu habboon yihiin isticmaalka guriga. Shaqada oo dhami waa la qaban karaa hal maalin
Daabacadaha ka-goynta guud waxay u oggolaaneysaa in lagu siiyo rinjiga birta midab kasta oo la doonayo iyo hooska
Sida loo rinjiyeedka xayndaabka birta ah, daaqad girle, muuqaal ka sarreeya albaabka guriga ama saqafka? Waxay umuuqataa in wax walba ay cadahay: Dukaanka aad jeceshahay rinjiga iyo, adigoon ka fikirin, anaga oo ah tufaaxeeda qaabdhismeedka birta ah. Hadda kaliya mararka qaarkood waa inaan ku celiyaa howshaan sanad walba. Sabab?
Waxa la difaaco
Birta waxay nagu wareegsan tahay meel kasta. Kuwani waa dhammaan noocyada deyrarka (tusaale ahaan, balakoonnada iyo jaranjarooyinka), deyrarka, irdaha iyo qalalaase, kuwani waa guryo daaqado, oo ku yaal dabaqa ugu horreeya, ma aha guriga ka-weyn. Iyo, dabcan, waa saqafyada. Laakiin kaliya, waa sidaas oo kale in la hadlo, qaybta muuqata ee Iceberg. Astra oo aan la arki karin: Xadhiqa iyo walxaha korantada, hordhaca / bixinta isgaarsiinta. Dhammaantood waxay ku qasban yihiin daxal, taas oo ahayd, waa, oo waxay noqon doontaa ilaa inta aan u isticmaalno biraha. Waxay ka dhigeysaa naqshadaha waxyeelada aan loo eegayn, muuqaalka caqabadda, waxay yareysaa xoogga waana la baabi'in karaa gabi ahaanba. Rinjiyeyaal gaar ah ayaa loo isticmaalaa in laga ilaaliyo birta laga ilaaliyo xarkaha, xulasho balaaran oo bixiya suuq casri ah. Qodobka OTAH ee laga wada hadli doonaa dib-u-eegiddan.Waxa laga ilaaliyo
Sababta shidaalka badanaa waa inta badan geedi socodka korantada ee ka dhaca dusha sare ee birta. Biyo ku dhacaya halkan inta lagu jiro roobka ama ka-baxa hawada marka heerkulka la dhimo, waxay u soo baxday inay noqoto kaqeybgale lama huraan ah hanaankan. Qaababka lagu joojiyo falcelinta korantada ee kor ku xusan wax badan, laakiin ugu fudud uguna raqiisan ee dusha sare ee birta ah oo ka soo baxa taabashada biyaha. Sidee? Aad u fudud in la rinjiyeeyo halabuurka gaarka ah.
Hababka jira ee lagu ilaaliyo dusha sare ee birta ee habka birta waxaa loo qaybin karaa laba nooc: Classic iyo casriga ah. Wax yar ayaan kuu sheegi doonaa wax ka yar kan dambe. Aynu ku bilowno habka caadiga ah.
Ilaalinta birta caadiga ah
Sida loo difaacoDusha sare ee birta waxaa sida ugu wanaagsan lagu ilaaliyaa waxa loogu yeero 'Propers', oo lagu soo bandhigo waxyaabo gaar ah. Marka loo eego habka loo yaqaan Tallaabada Primer-ka, waxay u qaybsan yihiin quusitaanka, dib-u-dejinta, mamnuucaya iyo cayrinta.
Quusitaanka carrada oxidize-ka dusha sare ee birta, taas oo u tarjumaysa gobolka aan sinnayn. Halabuurka ugu caansan waa sunta rasaasta, ficil ahaan aan lagu dabaqi karin xilligan waxyeelada darteed.
Prosphat preters . Halabuurku wuxuu ka kooban yahay orthophosphoric acid, oo sameysanaya filim ku saabsan fosfoolada birta ee hooseeya ee dusha sare ee birta.
Ka baaraandegida primer Waxaa lagu gartaa jiritaanka budo bir ah (tusaale ahaan, boodhka zinc), kaas oo awoodda ka-noqoshada ay ka badan tahay tan bir bir ah. Zing, oo ku yaal dusha sare ee birta, waxay noqon doontaa fidheel, kaas oo, baabi'inta naftiisa, oo isna kafayi doona.
Ugu dambeyntiina Kordhinta Prepers Foomka dusha sare ee filimka cufan ee birta ka horjoogsanaya inuu qoyaan.
Dhammaan xeryaha hore waxay leeyihiin guryo xasaasiyadeed oo sareeya oo si adag loogu hayo dusha sare. Faa'iido darrooyinka ayaa ah in dhammaantood ay ku kala soocaan jawiga jawiga hooseeya, shoogga oo ay xidhaan iska caabbinta, sidoo kale waxay leeyihiin guryo qurxin oo yar, sidaa darteedna dahaarka u dhiganta waa in laga codsadaa dusha sare. Waa in la xasuusnaadaa in guryaha la-dagaallanka la-dagaallanka-ka-hortagga badanaa uu yahay kii ugu horreeyaa, oo daboolida waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu ballaariyo noloshiisa intii ugu macquulsan. Waa iska cadahay in halaaqadaha weligiis ah aan la abuurin oo dhaqso ama ka dib midkoodna burbura, ka dibna hanaanka la isku xidho ayaa mar kale bilaaban doona. Sidaa darteed, markaad dooranayso, waa inaad siisaa doorbidida jaakadaha leh nolol adeeg dheer, taas oo dheer, oo dheer, kharashaadka hawlgalka.
Debaajiga hawlgallada ee aaladda ilaalinta ee-ka-hortagga iyadoo la dejinayo dusha sare ee birta waxay u egtahay tan:
mid. Waa suurtagal in la tixgeliyo miridhku (gacanta ama farsamo ahaan), isla mar ahaantaana ka saar rinjiga digada hore (haddii birta hore loo xayiray).
2. Beddel miridhsan oo nasiibdarro ah (oo ay gabi ahaanba suurtagal tahay in laga saaro) sheyga ilaaliya dusha sare ee birta.
3. Codso lakabka carrada (maadaama aan mustaqbalka arki doonno, tillaabooyinka 2 iyo 3 waxaa mararka qaarkood lagu sameeyaa hal qalliin).
Afar. Codso daboolida qurxinta (ilaalinta-qurxinta) daboolka).
shan. Ka ilaali dusha sare ee rinjiga leh halabuur gaar ah (dhammaan soosaarayaasha oo dhan lagula talinayo).
Waxay umuuqataa in geedi socodka ka saarida miridhku, lagu fuliyo iyadoo la kaashanayo burush bir iyo shiidi, uma baahna faallooyin faahfaahsan. Waxaa kale oo suuragal ah in laga saaro lakabka qulqulaya ee rinjiga duugoobay ee meelaha qaar, iyo haddii ay jirto baahi loo qabo in gebi ahaanba laga saaro, waxaan u isticmaalnaa qoraallo gaar ah, si faahfaahsan uma sharixi doonno si faahfaahsan. AVOT mid kasta oo ka mid ah hawlgallada soo socdaa si taxaddar leh ayey u ekaan doonaan.
Sida saxarada usocdo
Laga yaabee in ugu badan ee ku dhaca saqafka dusha sare ee korantada dhismaha ay ku dhacdo xalka aqueous ee cusbada, aashitada iyo alkali-electrolytes electrolytes. Dusha sare ee birta ah, had iyo jeer waxaa jira qaybo leh waxqabadyo koronto oo kala duwan - waxa loogu yeero xarkaha iyo cathode. Tusaale ahaan, in bir bir ah waa qalabka laftiisa, iyo waxyeelada kala duwan (kaarboon, kaarboon bir ah, sulfur, waa.) Waxay u dhaqmi kartaa sidii cathode. ANDODE iyo STAROD FARSAMADA LACAG LA'AAN. Electrolyte wuxuu noqon karaa mid qoyaan hawada, kaas oo CO2 lagu kala diro isla hawada. Qeybaha anosta ee birta birta birta Fe2 + Tag xalka elektaroonigga ah. Meelaha cattoote ah, oksijiinka lagu diro oksijiinta elektrolyte oksijiinka waxaa loo sameeyaa si loo sameeyo kooxo hydroxyl oo gudaha ah. FE2 + couns oo leh xargaha foomka oo ah foomka birta ah hydrock fv (oh) 2, oo loo yaqaan 'comp,', oo loo yaqaan 'ruug-adag' (waa) 3 casaan-bunni. Waxaan ugu yeerayaa miridhku.
Rogaayaasha u rogayaasha
Waxaa jira tiro badan oo ku-beddelayaal miridhsan oo loo isticmaalo midabka dayactirka gaariga. Orthophosphosphoric acid-ka waxaa lagu dari karaa haxinta qaybta ugu weyn (waxay u beddelataa miridhku sicirka birta ee deggan), Tannin (tannic acid), waxay u beddelataa miridhku inuu yahay xargaha adag ee birta ku beddela bir-macaan (fe3o4) ), oo qayb ka noqon doona dahabka difaaca.
Markii aad dooranayso, doorbidida ayaa u qalma bixinta qiyamka loogu talagalay isticmaalka guriga. Tani, tusaale ahaan, Novalis Ferro Dimuttor (Oikos, Italy), iyo sidoo kale badeecada guryaha "(garaacista kiimikada HotEx" (miridhku), "" "ral trade-1 "sverdlova", oo ah 65 / L). Haddii beddelka laga soo saaro Oikos-ka ee ku saleysan biyaha oo, marka aad la shaqeyneyso, tillaabooyinka nabdoonaanta gaarka ah looma baahna, in ka kooban astaamaha ku saleysan indhaha, xubnaha neefsashada, iyo marka ay ka shaqeeyaan hawo-mareenka.
Ka dib markii aad ka saarto rinjiga aan loo dulqaadan karin oo dusha sare ee birta leh burush, roller ama buufin, beddelaad ayaa la adeegsadaa (tusaale ahaan, kharashka 'novalis ferro rototte- 20m2 / L, qiimaha-35.1 / L.1 / L). Ficilkeeda, miridhku wuxuu u rogaa iskuxirka dhexdhexaad ee dhexdhexaad ah - lakabka madow ee mugdiga ah ee mugdiga leh ayaa lagu sameeyaa dusha sare, taasoo intaas ka sii ilaali birta. Waa in lagu dhashaa maskaxda in ay saameynayso daroogada, miridhku wuxuu gabi ahaanba baabi'in karaa, laakiin taageerayaasha codsashada beddelka ayaa rumeysan in daadadkan uu ku dhaco meelaha ugu adag ee loo yaqaan 'Proter' lama tirin karo. Ka dib marka dusha la daweeyey ka dib markii la wado (waxaa loo baahan doonaa ugu yaraan laba saacadood), waa in la hormariyo, ka dibna rinji.
Xusuusnow in dhammaan soosaarayaasha Lkm ay ku adkaysanayaan isticmaalka isu-beddelka mirka. Waxaa intaa dheer, inbadan oo ka mid ah, taa bedelkeeda, waxaa si gaar ah loogula talinayaa inay taas sameeyaan. Sababta ayaa ah runtii xaqiiqda ah in beddelka uusan gabi ahaanba tirtirin miridhku. Fikraddan aragtidan ayaa xitaa lagu hagaajiyaa heerarka jira. Tusaale ahaan, Din 55 928 "Difaaca Cilmiga ah ee naqshadaynta jaaquuqa" ee isticmaalkooda ma oggola.
Natiijooyinka shirkadaha sida MEFFert, Captarol (Jarmalka), Beckers (Iswidhan), Tikkurila (Tikkurila), TraintDila (Xitaa ma soo saarin.
Madax
Annaga oo taageerayaasha u adeegsada kuwa ku taageeraya da'ay iyo kuwa ka soo horjeeda waxay bixiyaan xulasho balaaran oo ku saabsan hormuudrada gaarka ah. Si aad si sax ah u joojiso geedi socodka hudheelka, ka go'doominta dusha sare ee birta taabashada qoyaanka oo ay hubiso adhesion wanaagsan ee ciidda birta, iyo sidoo kale dahabka qurxinta ee xiga.
Si tan loo gaaro, soo-saareyaasha waxaa ka mid ah kuwa loo yaqaan xakameeyayaasha (dhexdhexaadiyeyaasha) ee daxashada. Shirkadaha qaarkood, intaa waxaa sii dheer, ku dar maandooriyaha si kejaas ah u beddelaya miridhku. Waxa saxda ah ee lagu daro ciid gaar ah iyo habka ficil difaac, soo-saareyaashu ma soo sheegin. Si kastaba ha noqotee, bangiga, tusaale ahaan, in kiiska dambe, qoraalku wuxuu u muuqdaa: "Waxaa la qorsheeyaa:" Waxaa ku jira xakameeyaha suuxdinta leh, oo u oggolaanaya in lagu dabaqo si qaddarka cufan illaa 100 μm. " Oo ay ku jiraan tusaale ciid ah ayaa la siin karaa isku-darka gudaha ee "Dhul aan dhib lahayn" ("krako"), iyo sidoo kale metalgrundtck (Beckers), "Satora AntipAs" (Turkey) IDR. Sida laga soo xigtay soosaarayaasha, halayaashu waxay u oggolaadaan ugu yaraan in lagu ballaariyo nolosha rinjiga qurxinta qurxinta ee dusha sare ee midabada anti--qurxinta qurxinta. Intaa waxaa dheer, "Dhul aan dhag lahayn" oo sifiican u dareemaya xitaa xaaladaha warshadaha kiimikada iyo badhanka.
Laakiin tani maahan waxa ay tahay inaad ogaato inaad doorato waxa saxda ah. Waxaa muhiim ah in la xasuusto in ay jiraan siyi-yareyaal loogu talagalay shaqooyinka gudaha oo keliya (tusaale ahaan, Grepp Greenfarrg laga soo bilaabo Beckers ama dibedda oo keliya (mellajorprimer), maadaama ay jiraan qoraal ku habboon bangiga. Inta badan soosaarayaashu waxay soo saaraan waxa loogu yeero carradu caalamiga ah, oo loo adeegsan karo dibedda iyo dhismayaasha gudaha. Tabarucaduhu wuxuu leeyahay, marka ugu horreysa, oo aan urin alaabooyinka biyaha ku saleysan, oo ay uruurineyso shirkadahaas sida Capkul (Capkurila Haffprimer), Tikkurila Aqua aqua (Novalis) waa mid.p. Waxaa sidoo kale jiray carradu ku saleysan carrab (GP-021 iyo GF-02C meelaha caadiga ah iyo vl-02 ee loo yaqaan 'stl-02' stl-02 ee loo yaqaan 'stl-02 loogu talagay' stroskplekt '; Capalac Rostschond,), taas oo ay lagama maarmaan u tahay in si adag loola dhaqmo cabiraa amniga.
Laakiin taasi maahan. Shirkado badan ayaa bixiya carrada laba nooc: meelaha caadiga ah iyo kuwa dhibaatada leh. Waxaa caado ah oo loo yaqaan 'dusha sare ee kabka, been abuurka loo rogay oo la duubay, waxay ku filan tahay wax ku filan oo ku filan in si wanaagsan ula qabsato ciiddeeda. Laydhku waa bir bir ah, bir bir ah, aluminium, naxaas ah, dusha sare ee bir bir ah oo ku dhegan oo lagu rakibay filimyada difaaca ee oxida. Iyada oo leh qalab dheeri ah, ciidda caadiga ah ayaa ku soo biirtay, aynu nidhaahno, gaar ahaan si gaar ah uma fiicna. Uma xirna laba sababood, marka hore, sababtuna tahay fal-celinta kiimikaad ee dusha sare ee dusha sare (tusaale ahaan, zinc waxay ku siisaa falcelin alkaline ah oo biyo ah, oo aan ku xirnayn dhammaan carrada oo dhan), marka labaad, sababtuna, sababtuna, sababtuna tahay dhabarka yar. Laba nooc oo carradu waxay bixiyaan, tusaale ahaan, shirkadaha sida Oikos (Novaliss aikos) ee loogu talagalay sagxadaha caadiga ah iyo cifacal aqua ", capacryl superprimer iyo Capalac Algrad ) iwm. Caadi ahaan, ciidda loogu talagalay sagxadaha dhibbadaha ayaa ku kacaya 10-15% qaali ah. Waad isticmaali kartaa ciidda caadiga ah, laakiin tan waa inaad dusha ka qaadataa dusha sare ee Sandcar.
Lakabka ciidda waxaa lagu dabaqayaa burush, roller ama qori xoqan (kiiska dambe (kiiska dambe, halabuurka waa in lagu qasi karaa dareeraha ku habboon). Midabka ciidda ayaa ka fiican in la doorto sida ugu dhow ee suuragalka ah midabka daboolka dhammeystirka - rinji hal lakab.
| Adag | Mark. | Ujeeddo | Fuulid | Isticmaalka, m2 / l | Waqtiga qalajinta ka hor intaadan adeegsan dahabka dhammeystirka, h | Midabyabasho | Xirxiran, kg. | Qiimaha, / kg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MEFFERT. | DFA Rostschutzgrumud * | 2 ** | Nooca ruuxa cad | Qiyaastii 10. | siddeed | 3 midab | 0.37; 0.75; 2.5; shan iyo toban | Laga bilaabo 6.8. |
| DFA Allgrand * | mid ** | Nooca ruuxa cad | Qiyaastii 11. | siddeed | 3 midab | 0.37; 0.75; 2.5 | Laga bilaabo 10. | |
| -Karool | CapAcryl HFPRIMER ** | hal / kow | Biyo | Qiyaastii 10. | Laga bilaabo 12 illaa 48 *** | Kaararka midabka Caprol; 3D; Ral, NCs, Monicolor | 0.37; 0.75; 2.5; 10 | Laga bilaabo 11. |
| CPALAC Algrund ** | hal / kow | Ruuxa cad | Qiyaastii 10. | 3. | Kaarka 'Colorexpress Card' (Capalac Isku dar) | 0.12; 0.37; 0.5; mid; 2.5; 10 | Laga bilaabo 8. | |
| Oikos. | Novalis Crooffrappate | hal / kow | Biyo | 10-12. | 12-14. | 10 midab | 0.75; 2.25. | Laga bilaabo 25.5 |
| Novalis antruggine. | 2. | Biyo | 6-8 | 12-14. | 6 midab | 0.75; 2.25. | Laga bilaabo 26.7 | |
| Beckers | Grepp Grandfarg. | 2. | Ruuxa cad | siddeed | 6. | Khariidadda NCs, Monicolor, Ral | 0.5; 0.9; 2.7; sagaal | 10.1 |
| Metallprimer. | hal / kow | Glycol | 10 | hal / kow | Grey | mid; 2.5; 10 | siddeed iyo toban | |
| Dholin ah. | Saldhigga Planol. | hal / kow | Ruuxa cad | sagaal | 24. | Guduudan | mid; 2.5; 10 | Laga bilaabo 7.3. |
| Salka Master Station. | 2. | Ruuxa cad | 5-8 | 10 | Khariidadda Tintomama | mid; 2.5 | Laga bilaabo 7.0 | |
| Tikkurila. | Rostex aqua | 2. | Biyo | 7-9 | 24. | Marka loo eego buugga-buugga "symphony" | 0.9; 2.7; sagaal | Laga bilaabo 9.7 |
| "Rostex Super" | hal / kow | 1120. | 10 | Laga bilaabo 5 ilaa 24 *** | 4 midab | mid; 3; 10. | Laga bilaabo 7.3. | |
| "Krafko" | "Staplemat-carrada" | hal / kow | Ruuxa cad | 5-8 | 24. | Casaan-bunni | 25. | 0T 1,8. |
| "Stroykplekt" | Gf-021 / 021c | 1; 2 ** | Xylene, dareeraha | 8-10. | 24. | Cawlan khafiif ah / casaan casaan ah | mid; 2.5; 22. | Laga bilaabo 1.1. |
| "VGT" | Vd-ak-0301 | hal / kow | Biyo | 6-10. | 24. | Madow | mid; 2.5; shan; 10 | Laga bilaabo 2. |
| Naqsheegyada loo adeegsaday: 1- Irod loo adeegsado, bir bir ah, aluminium, naxaas ah iyo waxyaabo kale oo badan oo muhiim ah; 2- Meelaha saldhiga caadiga ah; * - iska caabbi kuleylka kuleylka ilaa 120s; ** - si loo isticmaalo gudaha iyo dibedda; *** - Waxay kuxirantahay halabuurka dhammeystirka |
Rinji saqafka saqafka
Badanaa, rinjiga saliida waxaa loo isticmaalaa ujeeddooyinkan. Waqtigiisa, runtii waxay ahaayeen kuwa ugu fiican, hadda xaaladdu way is beddeshay. Xaqiiqdu waxay tahay in la-takoorka filimka filimka uu sameeyay rinjiga saliida, waqti ka dib, iyada oo hoos imaanaysa dareenka jawiga. Rinjiga filimka tin rinjiga ah si fudud uma seexaneyso ka dambeysa ballaarinta heerkulka-saqafka saqafka saqafka (waana wax aad u muhiim ah) oo dhibic gaar ah ayaa bilaabanaysa in la dilaa iyo diirka. Halkii ay ka heli lahaayeen saliidaha hore ee hadda, alkyd, acrylic iyo ka kooban kale ayaa la soo jeediyay, iyo kuwa loogu talagalay si sax ah "saqafyada", taasi waa, loogu talagalay, loogu talagalay xaaladaha hawlgalka adag. Kala sooca, tusaale ahaan, rinjiyeyaasha ku saabsan Galvanizizing iyo caadiga ah ee waxyaabaha saqafka ah ee saqafka laga yaabo inaysan xitaa ahayn, waxaa la rumeysan yahay in dusha sare ay tahay in dusha sare la hormariyo.
Qeybaha alkyd ee iibka ah ee iibka ah ayaa si aad ah loo soo bandhigayaa. Tani "dhalmada alkyd ee saqafka saqafka" ee shirkadda "stroykpeplekt", "Psasimali" oo ka socda Tikkurila Idr.
Sida laga soo xigtay khubaro, rinjiga ugu casrisan ee ugu casrisan ee dareeraha. Waxay ku kacaan wax yar oo ka qaalisan alkyd, laakiin waxay u adeegi doonaan wax badan, maxaa yeelay waxay leeyihiin waqti adag oo xasilloon waqti. Marka lagu daro tusaale ahaan, halabuurka takfrg laga soo bilaabo belka ayaa la keeni karaa. Gaar ahaan waqti dheer muddo dheer oo loogu talagalay howsha saqafka saqafku waxay bilaabeen inay isticmaalaan nooc kale oo rinjiyeynta acrylic-biyo-ku-daadashada. Kuwani waa qalab gaar ah oo ku samaysnaaya daboolaad cufan oo leh cufan wanaagsan. Suuqa gudaha, alaabooyinka noocan oo kale ah ayaa si ballaaran loo soo bandhigayaa labadaba soo-saareyaasha shisheeye iyo gudaha: Oikos- Cass-ka Novalis Ferromicatomo (oo lagu daro midabka midabka leh ee micki-rinjiga vd-ak-1179 .D.
Waxaan jeclaan lahaa inaan ka digtoonaado mid kale. Ku dhawaad dhammaan soosaarayaasha soo-saareyaashu waxay soo saaraan primer ku habboon mid kasta oo ka mid ah rinjiyehooda. Xitaa si sax ah, rinjiyeynta iyo firter-tapers waxaa loo soo saaraa labo-labo si ay si fiican isugu daraan midba midka kale. Tusaale ahaan, safka qalabka samada, oo loogu talagalay saqafka, walwalkii Akzo Nobel Nobel wuxuu bixiyaa lammaane soosocda: Alkyad Pansarol Saldhigga Plus rinjiga Alkyd Planol. Dabcan, had iyo jeer waa la isku halleyn karaa in la doorto loona helo shey cusub oo ay ku taliso shirkadda.
Rinjiyeeska wax soo saarka
Xaaladdan oo kale, geedaha hoostooda, grid waxaa lagu muujiyaa in aan lagu rakibin daaqadda, laakiin qaab dhismeedka birta, oo laga soo ururiyey qaybo ama mid kale oo ka socda qaybaha shaqsiyeed: dayrarka, jajabyada, jajabyada, xaydha balatanka ah. . Dushahooda ayaa ah mid horay loo saaray ka dibna rinjiyeeyo. Tan darteed, rinjiga lagu sharaxay qaybta "saqafka saqafka", iyo sidoo kale dhalmada si isdaba joog ah. Inamels enabels oo ku saabsan xalka calafka ah waxaa bixiya shirkadahaas "stroykplekt" (pf-115, pf-115 "oo lagu wanaajiyo guryaha" sprint ", hammsers), hammers gitter hammer), Caperlack (Capalac Sedenmatt-Buntlack iyo Capalac Hochlalanz-Buntlack), MEFFERT (HochGlert (Hochglanzlack) IDR. Gawaarida biyaha-ku-milma ee biyaha-ku-milmaadka ah waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay yihiin "pisch" moos, tusaale ahaan, novatis smalto oo ka socda Oikos, VD-AK118 oo ka socota Aqua It.d.
Halkan, sidoo kale, sida saqafka saqafka, waa in la iibsadaa oo lagu buuxiyaa lammaane. Tusaale ahaan, kala duwanaanshaha agabka masiibada ee baqshada, carrada alkyd ee saqafka saqafka lagu soo bandhigo labo ka mid ah sawir isku mid ah.
Qaadashada kahortagga rinjiga
Isla markiiba sheeg: isticmaalkooda, shirkadaha badankood kuma adkeysan. Dhanka kale, khadka tooska ah ee Novalis ee Oikos wuxuu leeyahay halabuurka proto platect forro (qiimaha 25.7 / kg), kaas oo loo isticmaali karo difaac dheeri ah oo dusha sare ah. Wax soo saarka waa acrylic biyo-ku-milti-varry varnish, kaas oo kordhinaya caabbinta qoyaanka oo waxay xidhaan iska caabbinta dusha rinjiga. Saamaynta oo dhan ee LCM-yada gudaha ah waxaa lagu gaari karaa iyadoo lagu dabaqo "zapon-varnish" ".
| Adag | Mark. | Gal | Diyaarad | Isticmaalka: m2 / l hal lakab | Waqtiga qalajinta ka hor intaadan dalban, h | Midab | Shahaadada gloss | Xirxiran, kg. | Qiimaha, / kg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rinjiyeyaasha rinjiga | |||||||||
| MEFFERT. | Hoggaamomomomaan ah ee Hochglalaanz | Alkid. | Nooca ruuxa cad | kow iyo toban | 12 | 25 midab | Dhalaalaya | 0.37; 0.75; 2.5; 10 | Laga bilaabo 6. |
| Aqua hochglanzlack | Acrylilo | Biyo | kow iyo toban | afar | 21 midab | Dhalaalaya | 0.75; 2.5 | Laga bilaabo 7. | |
| "Stroykplekt" | "Dhaldhalaalka alkid ee saqafyada" | Alkid. | Ruuxa cad | siddeed | 24. | 5 midab | Dhalaalaya | mid; 2.4; labaatan | Laga bilaabo 1,4. |
| Tikkurila. | "Pansarimali" | Alkid. | Ruuxa cad 1050 | 8-12. | 24. | Khariidadda "Panstamimali" iyo "Symphony" | Semi-bang | 0.9; 2.7; 9, 2. | 4.9 |
| Beckers | Tackfrg. | Alkid. | Ruuxa cad | sagaal | 24. | By buugaagta ncs, vinicolor, Ral | Dhalaalaya | 0.94; 3.8; 9,4. | Laga bilaabo 17. |
| Rinjiga biyo-fidinta biyaha | |||||||||
| Oikos. | Novatic ferromicacoo. | Acrylilo | Biyo | 7. | 12 | 29 midab | Glitter Mica | 0.75; 2.25. | Laga bilaabo 29. |
| Novalis Smootto. | Acrylilo | Biyo | 10-12. | 2-4 | In kabadan 2000 oo midab | Dhalaalaya / nus-nus-ah, master | 0.75; 2.25. | Laga bilaabo 20.4 | |
| Tikkurila. | "Repko" | Acrylilo | Biyo | siddeed | 24. | Khariidadda "Symphony" | Nusmite | 0.9; 2.7; 9,2 | Laga bilaabo 6.8. |
| "Octave" | Vd-ak-116 | Acrylilo | Biyo | 4-7 | - | Guduud cas, cagaar | Nusmite | shan; 10; shan iyo toban; 55. | Laga bilaabo 3. |
| "VGT" | VD-AK-1179 Universal / Biraha Feras | Acrylilo | Biyo | 10-15 | hal / kow | Marka loo eego buugga macluumaadka ee midabada "VGT" | Semi-bang | mid; 2.5; shan; 10; soddon; konton | Laga bilaabo 1.9 / laga bilaabo 2 |
Habab casri ah oo ilaalin ah
Ku-beddelka-rearter-rinjiga-rinjiga-rinjiga-rinjiga-rinjiga waa wanaagsan yahay, laakiin ... Marka hore, muddo dheer, marka labaad, sida aan horeyba u dhahnay, waa lagama maarmaan in la xasuusto is-waafajinta suurtagalka ah ee alaabooyinkan. Ka saar labada dhibaatoba waxaa naqshadeeya badeecooyinka taxanaha "dhammaantood hal dhalo" oo ay bixiyaan tiro soosaaraysa.
Rinji "laba qof"
Ciidda iyo rinjiga hal bangi. Alaabada Ktakim waxaa ka mid ah, tusaale ahaan, rinjiyaha biyo-mareenka "polyfanfan-a" laga bilaabo "Nizb-ganacsiga" (waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaali karaa la taaban karo, chopboard, bullaacad, bullaacad,). Waxaa loo istcimaalaa sida hormuudka ku yaal Lkms oo kala duwan (waa suurtagal in lagu dabaqo miridhku) iyo midabka ugu dambeeya. Sida ku xusan soo-saaraha, xaaladaha cimilada xanaaqa, daaha ayaa ugu yaraan 10 sano ah.
Waxay bixisaa ka kooban "laba qof" iyo shirkadaha dibedda ee dibedda. Tusaale ahaan, beckors-ka waxay sii daayaan semi-sedex premium iyo jarista rinjiga metlallgrund tck ee 'alkyd'. Si wax looga qabto albaabka, tareenka iyo tuubooyinka daadinta, sheyga ayaa lagu dabaqi karaa iyadoo aan horay loo sii-bixin. Tom midabka dusha sare ee sagxadaha la kulmayo saameynta ay leedahay warbaahinta gardarada (saqafka sare, qiiqa), waxaa lagula talinayaa in horay looga hor mariyo iyaga oo leh methallprimer. Soosaarayaasha Caprol-ka ee Caproxy Copxy Com-Lake-Laase-dhaldhalaalka carbiska-dhaldhalaalka capalay dickschichtlack.
Waxaa si gaar ah u qalma iftiiminta waxa loogu yeero rinjiyeynta rinjiyada Ws-Plaast, oo kala duwan oo ka mid ah kuwaas oo soo bandhiga Weigme + Schmidt-ka '' Schmidt '. Waxaa lagu soo saaray khasab acrylic - nolosha adeegga ee daaha ayaa gaadhay 6-8 sano. Rinjiga waxaa loo oggol yahay dusha sare, oo ay kujirto rinjiyeynta hore (waxaa lagu talinayaa in la sameeyo rinji tijaabo ah). Isticmaalka celcelis ahaan waa 125 g halkii 1m2.
Isla shirkaddu waxay sameysay halabuurka Ws-Patina saameyn weyn, oo lagu daydo saameynta dahabka, lacagta iyo daboolka naxaasta.
Caymis kale oo aan caadi ahayn, Zinga, oo ay soo saartay shirkadda Beljamka Zingametal. Kani waa qayb keliya, sheybaar wax soo saar oo si buuxda loo dhammeeyay oo ku saabsan dareeraha, oo ay ku jiraan budada zince elektaroonigga ah. Zinga waxay samaysaa dabool-filim-filim oo isku mar ah waxay hubisaa farsamada iyo elektaroonigga (oo leh hilib doofaar) kahortag kahortaga sahaminta biraha faneed. Waqtiga daaha, sida ku xusan soo-saaraha, waa 10-50 sano, iyadoo kuxiran dhumucda. Qiimaha, laga bilaabo 15 / kg.
Rinji "saddex qof"
Miridhku, carrada iyo qurxinta qurxinta hal bangi. Qaadaal noocan oo kale ah ayaa si toos ah loogu dabaqi karaa miridhku (markii la diyaarinayo dusha sare waxaa lagula talinayaa inaad tixgeliso oo keliya lakabka qunjoogga ee dabacsan). Muddo dheer, waad ku mahadsan tahay xayeysiinta, macaamiisha gudaha ayaa la rumeysan yahay inuu soo saaro rinjiyeynta noocaas oo kale ah shirkadda Af-Ingiriiska. Laakiin dhab ahaantii maahan. Kaliya aakhir, sheyni waa mid aasaasi ah, iyo kuwa kale, mid ka mid ah rinjiga ay soo saareen, sidaa darteedna aysan si gaar ah u xayeysiin. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, inbadan oo soo saareyaal ayaa dhawaan muuqday, iyo wixii ka sareeya dhammaan gudaha, kuwaas oo bilaabmay, sida hammerrite, kuna takhasusay miridhku. Guud ahaan, tartanka ka dhex jira suuqanku wuu jiraa, iyo xitaa waxa.
PhotoXox midab leh oo ku saabsan "Nidaamka Classic" oo ay ka kooban yihiin Oikos:
Xeryahooda dibedda laga keeno . Waxaa laga yaabaa in rinjiyeyaasha ugu caansan ee Hammerite. Thanks to solvents soonka, dusha sare ee lagu rinjiyeeyay iyaga oo qallajinaya 60-90min. Sidaas darteed, shaqada waxaa ka mid ah seddex qalliin waxaa badanaa lagu sameeyaa laba ama saddex maalmood, waxaa lagu sameyn karaa hal maalin gudaheed. Dhumucduhu ee ugu dambeysa waa inay ahaataa ugu yaraan 100 μm. Meelaha dusha sare ah (bir bir ah, oo bir ah, oo loo habeeyay) waxaa ugu horreeya priver-ka qaaska ah. Sida laga soo xigtay soo-saaraha, nolosha adeegga ee daaha, oo ku xiran dhawrista arjiga arjiga waa ugu yaraan 5 sano. Rinjiga waxaa lagu bixiyaa seddex maqaar: hammer, jilicsan, hal-hal.
Alaabada Alaabada ah waxay leeyihiin hal muuqaal oo ay tahay in la tixgaliyo markii aad ku jirto dhowr lakab. Ka dib 8 saac, polymomemization ee deyrta ayaa bilaabmaysa, oo waad dalban kartaa lakab cusub oo keliya ka dib markii hawshan uu dhammaado, laba toddobaad gudahood!
MEFFERT- CENEXE CEREX waxay sidoo kale bixisaa waxa ay ka kooban yihiin; Rinjiga rinjiga ee dumble.
Alaabada guryaha . Ciidda ku saleysan biyaha-ku-saleysan-dhaldhalaalka ah waxay soo saartaa shirkadda "palette ruushka". Kuwani waa iskudhaxyada "miridhku" (cinjirka), "qolofta" (shrylic), "panciro zn" (oo loo yaqaan '' '' '' '' '' sagxadaha '. Xirmooyinku waxay leeyihiin iska caabbinta qoyaan sare ugu yaraan 5 sano.
Si tartiib tartiib ah uga adkaato caannimada macaamiisha gudaha iyo rinjiga nova. Tani waa in laga soo horjeedo anti-nonax oo ku saleysan alkyd salka ku haysa alkyd oo ka kooban laba-qaybood "Novak", oo loogu talagalay badeecadaha ka shaqeeya jawi dagaal oo qoyan.
Ugu dambayntiina, saddexda ka kooban ee shirkadda "Krafko". "Sizmot-raaxo" waxaa loogu talagalay labada birta oo aan furfuran labadaba waxaana lagu kala soocayaa chickis-ka sare, u adkaysata saamaynta saamaynta iyo saameynta ay u isticmaashay jawiga warshadaha culus). "Stazmet-cex" - midabaynta iyo ilaalinta sagxadaha oo la kulmay saliidaha, shidaalka, aashitada, alkali, cusbada, dufanka, dufanka, dufanka, dufanka, dufanka, dufanka, dufanka, dufanka. "Stazmet-cycron" - loogu talagalay rinjiyeynta saqafka, dheecaanka iyo qaybaha kale ee bir bir ah.
Waxaa kale oo suuragal ah in la helo rinjiyeyn "miridh", oo ay soo saareen shirkadahaas "rinjiyeyaasha yaroslavl", "Novbythim" IDR.
| Adag | Mark. | Gal | Diyaarad | Isticmaalka, m2 / l, hal lakab | Waqtiga qalajinta ka hor intaadan dalban, h | Dhar / lambar midabbo | Xirxiran, kg. | Qiimaha, / kg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shaacmaan | Shaacmaan | Alkid. | Shaacmaan | 4.5 | Laga bilaabo 1 ilaa 8 | Hammer / 12; Firfircoon / 12; kala badh garaam / 8. | 0.25; 0.75; 2.5; shan; 20, aerosol-0.4 | Laga bilaabo 12. |
| MEFFERT. | Dfa-ellex | Alkid. | Nooca ruuxa cad | siddeed | - | Siman / 7; Hammer / 4. | 0.75 | Laga bilaabo 8.1. Laga bilaabo 12,4. |
| Palette Rus " | "Sida laga soo xigtay Rzzavki" | Latashiis | Biyo | 11-14. | hal / kow | Semi-nin * | mid; 3; shan; 10; labaatan | Laga bilaabo 1.2. |
| "Shecir" | Acrylilo | Biyo | 8-11 | hal / kow | Hal-mid * | mid; 3; shan; 10; labaatan | Laga bilaabo 2. | |
| "POLE-ZN" | Acrylilo | Biyo | 8-11 | hal / kow | Matte ** | mid; 3; shan; 10; labaatan | Laga bilaabo 2,3. | |
| Nova | Doono | Alkid. | Doono | 6-8 | hal / kow | SEMI-MUSUB-FARSAMADA / 11 | 0.4; 0.8; 3; shan; 10; 20+. Aerosol- 0.52. | 5.5 |
| "Krafko" | "Stazmet-Cycron" / "Suite" | Acrylilo | Nooca ruuxa cad | 3-5 | 12 | Matte / on kaararka Mos. Palette, laal | 20/25 | 2.4 / 2.9 |
| "Stazhet-khem" | Polyurethane | Fuulid | 5-6 | 24. | Ku-qabsashada 'semi-qabsado / tuubbooyinka "MOS. Palette, laal | 25. | 6,2 | |
| * - midabada - madow, cawlan, jaalle, casaan-guduudan, shukulaato, cagaar, cagaar; buluug; ** - Midabada - "Tiile", "shukulaato", "cirro", midab khafiif ah, madow, buluug, cagaar, cagaar, jaalle, liin, oranji, oranji, oranji. *** - Chromatic-ka iyo midabada achicomatic (tint lama hubo |
Tifaftirayaasha mahadsanayaasha Akzo Nobel, Tikkurila, "VGPERT," VGT "," Kraft "," Kraft "," Palette Rus "," Old Olt Hottabych ",". "Strowykplekt", "warshaddii Jarmalka ee dhalul", "Finnish" si looga caawiyo diyaarinta sheyga.