Peter Nikolaev
Kuleylka qayb ka mid ah wajiga wejiga hoostiisa daaqadda oo ka mid ah daaqadda sare ee polystyrene polystyrene fiber-ka (USA)
Booska labaad ee daadashada kuleylka - saqafka iyo isku-darka dabaqa sare
Qalabka kuleylka kuleylka kuleylka ah waa inuu ilaaliyaa cabirkooda joomatari ee bilowga ah inta lagu jiro mudada qalliinka oo dhan.
Kani waa dahaarinta jirridda quraaradda qayb yar eekonny
Marka loo eego astaamaha farsamada ee dahaarka aasaaska aasaaska iyo salka, taarikada, taarikada xumaha xun ee polystyrene ayaa ugu habboon.
Daboolida saqafka sare ee saqafka qabow
Kor ka sarreeya lakabka kuleylka kuleylka waa inuu had iyo jeer ahaado ugu yaraan 1.5-5 cm oo loogu talagalay dhaqdhaqaaqa hawada oo bilaash ah oo u dhexeeya saldhigga iyo dabaqa ugu dambeeya
Dabaqa dabaqa ee Attic Fitrits Qalabka KL-E ee ka soo baxa
1 Warehouse;
2-suul isuduwaha;
3 - dahaar;
4- Baararka fogfo;
5 - Daboolka saqafka qolka hoose
Kuleylka darbiyada dusha sare. Taarikada macdanta ee RockWooll oo leh dhumuc weyn oo ah 10cm oo la dhigay meel bannaan oo udhaxeysa xirmooyinka saldhiga ee godka derbiga
Taageerada birta ee safka koowaad ee maaddada kuleylka kuleylka. Markaad guriga ku xirneyd meel ka baxsan dhameeya inuu ku baxo inuu ciyaaro kaliya door qurxin ah. Waa inay qasab tahay inay abuurto xaalado raaxo leh gudaha dhismaha oo ay hubiyaan ilaalinta qaab dhismeedka taageerada iyo shaashadda lagu xoojiyey saameynta sababaha cimilada kala duwan, si dabiici ah iyada oo aan lumin soosaarka dibedda ee wejiga
Nidaamyada lakabyada Qalabka Dambiilaha markii ay yareynayaan qaabdhismeedka alwaaxa ah ee loo yaqaan (a) iyo guryaha (b) guryaha
Kuleylka darbiyada Manstard. Dambiilaadda kuleylka ee lakabka macdanta ee dhogorta macdanta waxay u egtahay aasaaska kuleylka kuleylka-ka-helidda iyo hawo qaboojinta "penfol". Guryaha kuleylka kuleylka ee polyethylne waxay sare u qaadataa lakabka milicsiga ee foil aluminium
Qorshaha goobta baararka qataarka iyo waxyaabaha ku jira ee ku saabsan qaab dhismeedka alwaax, baabi'inta muuqaalka "buundada qabow"
Kalsoonida ursa ayaa si fudud loo gooyaa mindi. Iyada oo ay ku jirto dahaarka galka badanaa waxay u isticmaashaa dahaarka kuleylka khamaarka galaaska ama dhogor saliidda leh oo dhumuc weyn leh 150mm
1 - biyuhu maleegaan;
2 - baararka;
3 - xuub
uumi-baxa uumiga;
4 - dahaar;
5 - Obessetka
abbaaraha;
6 - saqafka;
7 - Lind;
8 - Qiyaamo;
9 - cagta cagta ah;
10 - Xaraashka
1. Grant
2. Daaweyn
3. hydrolation
4. Qeybta hoose ee aasaaska, dabaqa hoose ee dhulka hoostiisa
5. polymercace
Nanaga Difaaca Naya
Xitaa dhawaantan dhawaan, ereyga "dahabka" kuleylka kuleylka "ee inbadan ayaa badankood ay ku badan yihiin wax soo saarka gudaha dhalooyinka. Shaqada ku saabsan dahabka guri gaar loo leeyahay ayaa laga fuliyay habkii hore: wax kasta oo qarxisay ayaa u dhaqaaqay - dhadday lime, cawska, caagga xumbo. Hadda xaaladdu way is beddeshay: Qaabka dhibaatadan ayaa noqotay mid karti leh, teknolojiyad casri ah iyo qalab gaar ah iyo dahaar ayaa u yimid inay beddelaan hababka "Dealvsksky"
Sida ku xusan dukumiintiyada sharci-darrada ah ee dhawaan la qaatay, arrinta qashinka kuleylka ee dhismayaasha guryaha la dego waxay bilaabeen inay bixiyaan dareenka ugu sareeya. Haa, iyo milkiileyaasha guryaha ku xeel-dheer ee xaafadaha ku yaal ayaa ugu dambeyntii ka bartay si taxaddar leh si ay ula dhaqmaan boorsada. Ka dib oo dhan, ka dib marka lagu daro in guriga, sida ay qabaan khubaro, awoodda loo baahan yahay ee nidaamka kuleylka, iyo, sida ku habboon, kharashyada ayaa lagu yaraaday laba ama saddex jeer.
Kala duwan ee alaabada
Suuqa gudaha ayaa soo bandhigaya waxyaabo badan oo ku saabsan kuleylka kuleylka, oo lagu gartaa tilmaamyo farsamo iyo isgoysyada arjiga.Qalabka kuleylka kuleylka ah ayaa loo qaybiyaa kooxo dhowr ah:
- Suug macdanta;
- galaas iyo fiberlass;
- poly-polyters ka buuxo (xumbo):
Polystyrene iyo balaaran polystyrene, polyurethane iyo veranurethane xumbo, polyethylne, Polyester, Polyester, oo ka socda Fenol;
- Dabiiciga kuleylka ee agabyada dabiiciga ah iyo waxyaabaha ku saabsan howsha (ku dheji, baloogyada peat, warqad, iwm);
- kulaylka kuleylka iyo dhismayaasha;
- wax la beddelay la beddelay: la taaban karo gacantu (la taaban karo ee gacanta), polystyrene la taaban karo;
- alaabada ku saleysan caagga isku-darka;
- Alaabada laga helo qashinka wax soosaarka silicon.
Maanta, nooca ugu weyn ee dahaarka ee loo adeegsado Ruushka waa dhogorta macdanta, oo qaybtoodu ku jirto wadarta guud ee wax soo saarka iyo isticmaalka ay tahay 65-70%. Qiyaastii 20% waxay ku dhacdaa xumbo, iyo 6-8% - qalabka galaaska.
Kala-saaridda Guud ee Qalabka kuleylka kuleylka
| Sida ku xusan nooca alaabta ceeriin | Dabiiciga ah iyo macdanta |
|---|---|
| Qaab iyo muuqaal ahaan | Alaabada Qaybta (taarikada, blocks, lebennada, dhululubo, dhululubo-dhul, qolofyo, qaybo, wareega), duuban iyo dhulululo, xargaha |
| Cufnaanta dhexe | Noocyada Qalabka kuleylka kuleylka ah: 15, 25, 35, 50,75, 100,7, 150, 170, 250, 300, 400, 400, 500, 500, 500 (500), Maaddooyinka insulation-ka waxaa go'aamiya Awoodda tilmaamaha, iyo baaxadda cunida celceliska cufnaanta, kaas oo lagu muujiyo kiilogaraam halkii mitir cubic ah) |
| By adkaanta | Jilicsan, semi-adag, adag, iyo sidoo kale wax soo saarka adag iyo adkeed, xamuul si fiican u caabbinta |
| Sida ku xusan habka loo yaqaan 'proid' | Ordaya, oo u falaadda, oo leh isku-darka barafka leh, oo ay ku jiraan waxyaabo damac ah oo gubanaya, oo leh qaab-dhismeedka suufka ah |
| By wanaagga kuleylka | CLASS CLASSTAL FARSAMADA (0.06W / (M C), CLASS B - Celcelis ahaan uruurinta kuleylka (0.06-1.1155W / (M m c), Fasalku waa kor u qaadida jiritaanka kuleylka (0.18,175W / (M C) |
Iyada oo la dhigto si sax ah qalabka kuleylka kuleylka, waxaa suurtagal ah in la yareeyo qiimaha guryaha kuleylka 3-4 jeer.
Khasaaraha macdanta dhogorta
Macdanta macdanta ayaa khafiif ah oo dabacsan oo dabacsan oo lagu helo qaboojinta macdanta pre-jaranjarada iyo dheer dhalaalay. Ka sokow nooca sheyga ceyriinka ah, waxaa loo qaybiyaa dhagax iyo gabadh. Alaabta ceeriin ee wax soo saarka dhagaxa dhagaxa dhagaxa dhagaxa dhagaxa ah: u-dillo, basalt, dhagaxa nuuradda, dolomite idr. Suufka suufka ah ee suufka ah waxaa laga helaa qashinka madow iyo kuwa aan furfuran. Shirkadaha hogaaminta adduunka waxaa loo istcimaalaa sida ashyaa'da ceyriinka ah ee dhagaxa dhagaxa ah, taas oo u oggolaaneysa soo saarida alaabada tayo sare leh oo leh nolosha muddada dheer.Faa'iidooyinka aan la taaban karin ee Qalabka kuleylka kuleylka ee laga sameeyay dhogor-biyooyin fara badan (illaa +1000 sekandrobing), kuleyl sare iyo iska caabbinta bayoolaji, iska caabbinta bey'ada, hubinta raashinka (taarikada ay si fudud yihiin ka jaray mindi). Alaabada dhogorta macdanta ah waxaa loola jeedaa fasalka ashyaa'da aan la dafi karin, si wax ku ool ah waxay uga hortagtaa faafitaanka ololka waxaana xitaa loo isticmaalaa sidii ka hortagga dabka iyo ololayaasha ololka. Hanti muhiim ah oo ku saabsan kharashka xargaha macdanta waa dhimis dayactir iyo dhawrista cabirrada joomatari inta lagu jiro mudada hawsha ee dhismaha. Tani waxay xaqiijineysaa maqnaanshaha "buundooyinka qabow", oo haddii kale aan si kale loo garan karin ka soo kacay kala-goysyada taarikada.
Suuqa kuleylka kuleylka kuleylka ee Ruushka ee laga soo bilaabo macdanta macdanta hadda waa mid aad u ballaaran. Alaabada OJSC "AKSI" (Chexoskk), Zao "Izroppsk" (Makorovsska " Waxaan sidoo kale soo dejinay alaabooyinka dhogorta macdanta ee shirkadahaas oo kale ah sida Rockwool (Denmark), Paroc (SOMMIM), Izoomat (Slovakia). Shirkadaha qaar ayaa furay dhirtoodii wax soo saarka kuleylka kuleylka ee farqiga macdanta ee Ruushka, kaas oo saameyn ku yeeshay qiimaha agabka. Qiimaha badeecada gudaha waa $ 38-150 oo loogu talagalay 1m3, dibedda laga keeno - $ 40-160 halkii 1m3.
Soosaarka soosaarayaasha reer galbeedka way ka duwan yihiin kuwa ballaadhan ee dalka oo dhan, oo mararka qaarkood leh dhowr iyo toban magac. Nooc noocan oo kale ah ayaa kuu oggolaanaya inaad daboosho ku dhawaad dhammaan meesha ugu dhow ee isticmaalka dahaarka kuleylka: daloolka saqafka, dusha sare, wajiga, sagxadaha, meelaha dabka, meelaha dabka lagu shito. Isku-darka guryaha gaarka loo leeyahay inta badan waxay isticmaalaan taargooyin ay sameeyeen oo riixaya dhogorta macdanta. Iyagu kuma dhowaanayaan inay ku qasban yihiin inay hoos u dhacaan, mahadsanid taas oo ah in dahaarka kuleylka ee dhismaha uusan ka sii darin waqti ka dib.
Aagagga isticmaalka qalabka kuleylka kuleylka
| Noocyada Qalabka Dareenka | Derbiyo | Saqaf | Sagxad dhul | Safiito | Aasaaska, dabaqa dhulka | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wajiyo | Dibadda | Gudaha gudaha | Masonry (lakabka dhexdhexaadka ah) | |||||
| Galaas laga sameyey | +. | +. | - | +. | +. | +. | +. | - |
| Mineratote | +. | +. | - | +. | +. | +. | +. | - |
| Prestlest polystyrene xumbo (xumbo) | - | +. | - | +. | - | +. | - | - |
| Foom balaaran oo la ballaariyey ee la ballaariyey | - | - | +. | +. | - | +. | - | +. |
Alaabada ku saleysan fiberlass-ka
Fiberglass waa at at macdanta, oo, sida ku xusan tikniyoolajiyadda wax soo saarka iyo guryaha, wax badan ayey ka badan tahay dhogorta macdanta. Qalabka fiberlass-ka waxaa laga sameeyaa dhalaalida silicate oo leh waxyaabaha silica sareeya. Waxyaabaha ugu muhiimsan ee eedaynta (alaabta ceyriinka ah ee loo yaqaan 'foornada qaraxyada' - ciid quraarad ah, dolomite iyo alumina waa deegaan saaxiibtinimo oo dhan, oo ay kujiraan shucaac.Alaabada ku saleysan fiberlass ficil ahaan kuma jiraan ka soo jeedin aan xirnayn oo ay yeeshaan iska caabbinta gariirka sare, kuleylka iyo awooda kacsanta, iyo sidoo kale kor u kaca xargaha iyo cimriga dheer.
Farqiga ugu weyni waa khamaarka galaaska oo laga soo qaado dhogorta dharka dhagaxa ah waxay ka kooban tahay dhererka fiiloyinka: celceliska dhererka fiberlass waa 5cm, halka dhererka dhagaxa dhagaxa uu yahay 1.5 cm. Marka la barbar dhigo dhogor macdanta, agabyada fiberlass waxay leeyihiin awood weyn oo kor u kaca, kaas oo u oggolaanaya in lagu qaado kharashka in lagu qaado masarooyinka qaab duudduub ah.
Cudur la'aanta hoose iyo waxa ugu weyn ee hawada, xaraashkaas ayaa leh mid tabar yar oo jireed oo heerkul ah iyo waqti dheer sii haynta tayada dahabka kuleylka. Qalabka fiberlass waa mid fudud, jilicsan oo jilicsan, oo ku habboon maqaarka maqaarka ee aan sinnayn, iyo sidoo kale in loo isticmaalo qaabdhismeedka qaab-dhismeedka kasta. Alaabtu waxay leeyihiin xasilloonida qaabka, adkeyso gabowga, iyada oo aan la arkin is-hoosaysiin. Si kastaba ha noqotee, sababtuna tahay tirada ugu muhiimsan ee qayb ka mid ah qalad-abuurka qaybta (tusaale ahaan, galaaska cufnaanta sare), kuleylka ku saleysan fiberlass waxay iska leedahay qalab si daciif ah. Waqti dheer ayaa sidoo kale ah burburin muhiim ah oo ku saabsan dhalada.
Soo-saareyaasha Awithers of Isivermark (Saint-Gobain Welwelka, Finland), iyo sidoo kale Ursa (Ursaita, waa walaaca Spain, ay si firfircoon ugu dalacday suuqa Ruushka. Shirkadahaas iyo wadankayaga ayaa furay dhirta wax soo saarka wax soo saarka kuleylka ku saleysan fiberlass. Laga soo dir soosaarayaasha gudaha, shirkadaha Trument (Tynumen), Tyument (Tynumen), Beeraha LEVGOROD (G. Makhachkala), Khabarovskoye), "Ivyansk gobolka waa in laga xusaa soosaarayaasha gudaha. Qiimaha badeecadaha Ruushka waa $ 25-60 1m3, dibedda laga keeno - $ 40-120 1m3kiiba.
Ra'yi ku takhasusay takhasusyada Rockwooll Russia
Dhismaha kor u kaca ee kor u kaca ayaa si aad ah ugu baahsan yahay qaab dhismeedka saddex-lakab ah oo leh qaab dhismeedka dahaarinta labada lakab ee side. Waxaa lagu sameeyaa iyada oo la adeegsanayo waxyaabo kala duwan oo ah - oo laga soo qaado alwaax alwaax ah oo lagu xoojinayo la taaban karo iyo bir-qabad. Darbiyada gudaha iyo dibadda ee kuxiran dammaanad dabacsan oo ah qaabka xoojinta ama xirmooyinka xoojinta, iyo dahaarka gelitaanka, xargaha kuleylka ee loo baahan yahay. Halkan waxay ka helayaan adeegsiga silsilado macdanta macdanta, iyo sidoo kale finanka loo yaqaan 'polystyrene'.
Poly-polymos ka buuxo (xumbo)
Polymater-ka gaaska ka buuxay (polystyrene iyo xumaha 'polystyrene', polyurethane iyo xumbo polyurethane, polyethenene, polyethenene, polyester, oo ka socda Phenol Foom-ka ayaa laga helaa qalabka saqafka leh ee ka soo baxay dhaxalka. Cudurkiisu yahay dhexdhexaad ee celcelis ahaan, astaamaha xididdada heerkulka iyo dhawaqa ee wanaagsan, iyo sidoo kale tiro badan oo farsamo oo ah teknolojiyad qiimo leh iyo aqal ku shaqeeya, balaastigga xumadaha, balaastikada xudunta ayaa leh aaladaha dhismaha ee dhaqanka. Si kastaba ha noqotee, balaastigga gaaska ka buuxsan ayaa dhaxal ku ah Xaddisooyinka qaarkood, si weyn u xaddidaya suurtagalnimada isticmaalkooda (hoos u dhaca, kuleylka iyo iska caabinta heerkulka). Intaas waxaa sii dheer, biostenity inta lagu gudajiro isticmaalka muddada-dheer iyo habraaca burburka ("gabowga") agabkan si buuxda looma baran.Nooca ugu caansan ee polyder-ka dib-u-soo-baxa ee polystyrene. Oo ay weheliso madax-xumo eber ah iyo biyo yaraanta biyaha oo aad u hooseeya (in ka yar 0.2% mugga), waxay leedahay awood isku-buuq aan caadi ahayn, iyo sidoo kale astaamaha kuleylka kuleylka ee xasilloon, iyo isku-darka qiyamka ugu badan ee qalabka khasabka ah ee ugu badan ee ku jira qalabka. 0.03W / (MC). Waa qabow, waara, oo u adkaysta kiimikooyin dabiici ah, aciddrodro-ga dabiici ah iyo gaashu ayaga oo aan ku xirneyn wax yar oo isbadal yar oo ku jira kuleylka Falalka xaaladaha qoyan (oo ah inta u dhaxaysa 0.001-0.002W / (M), kaas oo kuu oggolaanaya inaad si guul leh u isticmaasho maadaama dahabka kuleylka ee dib-u-dhigga ah oo aan lahayn biyuhu intaa ka dib u hayaan hantida xinjirta kuleylka 1000 Wareegyada dheecaanka, halka isbedelka ku dhaca kuleylka kuleylka uusan ka badneyn 5%. Ma ahan waqti dheer, cusub Asturnaanta loo yaqaan 'Polystyrene', oo ay suurtogal tahay in si buuxda loo yareeyo isku-darka sababta oo ah soo-saaridda ololka wax ku oolka ah. Shaybaarrada la helay waxay la xiriiraan kooxda qalabka shaqada.
Alaabada waaxdan suuqa kuleylka kuleylka ah waxaa matalaya shirkadaha Ojsc Lotek (LLINGRAD), LLC Penopelex (ST. Petersburg), Moscow (Moscow (T. Moscow) IDR. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, macaamiisha Ruushka ayaa caan ku ah Styrdodur Polystyrene Foom ay soo saartay Basf Ag (Jarmalka), Styrofofoom waxay ka walwalsan tahay Dow kiimikada (USA) iyo URSA XPS CODKA URSA (Spain). Qiimaha badeecada guryaha waa $ 40-170 halkii 1m3, dibedda laga keeno - $ 140-200 halkii 1m3.
Astaamaha isbarbardhigga ah ee fasalada qaar ee xumbada Polystyrene ee loo adeegsado ee loo isticmaalo dahaarka aasaaska iyo dabaqa hoose
| Wax soo saare | Mark. | La mid ah Cabirkii taarikada (ballaca dhererka, dhumuc), mm | Celcelis ahaan cufnaanta, kg / m3 | Kuleyl- Wire- Bt / (m c) | Biyo dhammaystiran Diray (28 maalmood),%, mugga | Xoog isku mid ah, n / mm2 | Ubax 1m3, $ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basf Ag, Jarmalka | Styydodur 2800. | 1265615 30-120 | 25-45 | 0.025-0.033 | 0.1-0.5 | 0.15-0.7 | 195. |
| Dow kiimikada, USA | Dabayl 200. | 1200600 20-100 | 25. | 0,028 | 0,2 | 0,2 | 165. |
| Ursa, Russia | Ursa Xps N-III | - | 35. | 0.031 | 0,3. | 0.32. | 172. |
| "Pinopeleks", Ruushka | "Penopeleks 35" | 1200600 23-100 | 29.5-38.5 | 0,028 | 0.4. | 0.25. | 168. |
| Penopelex 45 | 1200600 23-100 | 38.6-50.0 | 0.030 | 0.4. | 0.5. | 182. | |
| Mostroy-31, Ruushka | PSB-C 25F | 2000, 10001000 20-100 | 16.2-25 | 0.038. | * | 0.1. | 53. |
| * Soosaare ma qeexayso. |
Maxaan kululaan karnaa?
Marka loo eego xisaabinta khaaska ah ee ku takhasusay khaladaadka kuleylka ee derbiyada guriga, waxaa jira 30-40% oo ah wadarta kululaynta kuleylka, Windows - 30-35, sagxadaha attor-ka - 30-45, albaabada albaabku waa 5 -8%. Si aad si weyn hoos ugu dhigto luminta kuleylka, waa inaad sameysaa talaabooyin badan oo loogu talagalay dahaarka kuleylka dhammaan qaabdhismeedka (darbiyada kore, salka (dusha sare) iyo sagxadaha sagxadda, saqafka sare). Kalluunka waa inuu si wax ku ool ah ugu shaqeeyaa shirqoolka halkaas oo la dhigay iyadoo la tixgalinayo saameynta jawiga dibedda. Waxyaabaha qaab dhismeedka badankood (darbiyada, saqafka, aasaaska), galka qoyaanka ayaa ah qodobka ugu halista badan. Dambiilaadda kuleylka kuleylka ee Alateba ma aysan horseedin khasaare culus oo ku saabsan booska gudaha ee guriga, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la tixgaliyo si hufan ee qalabka kuleylka. Noocyo noocee ah oo alaabooyin ah oo lagu dabaqi karo kiis kasta? Si kooban dhibaatada xulashada waa la xallin karaa sidaas. Meesha aan lahayn culeys ku saabsan dahaarka (dahabka seenyada, sagxadaha lagu dhejiyo, qaybo, xargaha, derbiyada saddex-lakab ah), isticmaal agabyada cufnaanta yar. Loogu talagalay kuleylka kuleylka sagxadaha on sibidhka, wajiga, saqafyada fidsan - sare.Astaamaha isbarbar dhiga qaar ka mid ah agabyada inta badan loo isticmaalo saqafka saqafka
| Wax soo saare | Nooca kuleylka Karantiil | Mark. | Cabbirka caadiga ah ee taarikada (dhererka, ballaca, dhumuc), mm | Kuleyl- Caawinta, w / (m c) | Uumi fanmeabiif Buundo, mg / (m | Ubax 1m3, $ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imover, Finland | Galaas laga sameyey | KL. | 870, 91061050-150-150 | 0.036 | 0.55 | 41.5 |
| Kl-e. | 122056550-100 | 0.036 | 0.55 | 33. | ||
| Rockwool, Danmark | Macdanta macdanta | Nalka khafiifka ah | 100060050-00 | 0.036 | 0,3. | 55,3. |
| Ursa, Russia | Galaas laga sameyey | M-15. | 18000120050. | 0.041 | * | 35. |
| P-15 | 125060050. | 0.041 | * | 37. | ||
| P-20 | 125060050. | 0.038. | * | 45.6. | ||
| Paroce, Finland | Macdanta macdanta | Wuxuu ahaa 35/45 | 120060030-180 | 0.032-0.034 | 0,3. | 85.8-110.7 |
| "Thermostipse Mtl », Ruushka | Macdanta macdanta | "Thermo" | 1200400, 60030-00 | 0.035 | * | 38-48. |
| * Soosaare ma qeexayso. |
Kuleylka aasaaska iyo dabaqa dhulka dhulka
Dambiilaadda aasaaska ayaa ah in si isku mid ah loo hubiyo in lagu daro kuleylka kuleylka tooska ah ee aasaaska iyo dhulka hoostiisa iyo ilaalinta biyuhu biyuhu ka soo baxaan khayaanada farsamada. Sidaa darteed, agabyada loo adeegsado dahaarka kuleylka ee aasaaska waxaa lagu soo bandhigayaa xoog isku-dhafan iyo iska caabbinta biyuhu, oo ugu wanaagsan ee loo yaqaan 'polystyrene' polystyrene oo la soo dhaafay.Nidaamka dahabka aasaasiga ahi waa mid aad u fudud. Ka dib markii la dhigo lakabka biyo-baxa, taargooyinka laga soo qaado xumbo xumo ah ayaa loo dhejiyaa mantastik ama kaliya oo la seexday oo seexanaya. Looma baahna in laga ilaaliyo xaaladaha noocaas ah - oo ka soo horjeedda, waxay qaadi doonaan shaqo ilaalin ah, ka hortagida biyuhu inay ka baxaan waxyeelo farsamo iyo waxyeelo heerkulka xun ah. Joogitaanka cadaadiska ee ay ka dhashaan biyaha dhulka hoostiisa ah, dahaarka kuleylka ee xumbo la soo dhaafay ee xumbo laga soo baxo ayaa lagu dhigi karaa labadaba kor iyo taarikada la taaban karo ee la xoojiyay ee la jajabiyey. Maaddaama waayo-aragnimo shisheeye ay muujiso, polyfyres-ka la soo dhaafay waxaa lagu kalsoonaan karaa qoto dheer oo ka badan 7 milyan oo ka badan oo taabasho dheer oo biyo ah cadaadis ku jira.
Astaamaha isbarbardhigayaasha qaar ka mid ah agabyada inta badan loo isticmaalo in lagu xidho darbiga darbiyada
| Maamuus Waajib | Nooca kuleylka gooni u dhigid iaad | Mark. | Derbiyo | Cabbirka caadiga ah ee taarikada (dhererka, ballaca, dhumuc), mm | Kuleyl- Wire- Vt / (m c) | Uumi dhex gelin Dabayad Buundo, mg / (m | Akhrin si loo kala sooco lakabyada, KPA | Ubax Daacad Naya qiimaha 1 m3, $ | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Of- Nafafan | Seexo Rui | Lakab adhiga lebenkii Gelinta Masonry | ||||||||
| Isugeynta, finalka Lydia | Dhalo- liil | Ol-e. | - | +. | - | 1200600 50-150 | 0.035 | 0.50 | 3. | 122. |
| KL-a. | - | - | +. | 1200600 50-150 | 0.036 | 0.50 | * | 45.6. | ||
| Ruxruxid Dhogor, Danmark | Anigaa iska leh Wat adag. | Wejiga Batts. | - | +. | - | 1200500 40-500 | 0.039 | 0,3. | shan iyo toban | 135. |
| Kaviti batts | - | - | +. | 1000600 50-200. | 0.035 | 0.58. | * | 56. | ||
| Ursa, Russia | Dhalo- liil | P-30 | - | +. | +. | 1250600 40-100 | 0.033 | * | * | 42. |
| Paroce, Fin Lydia | Anigaa iska leh Wat adag. | Amniga 35. | - | +. | +. | 1320565 30-175; 1170610 30-175 | 0,0335 | 0,3. | * | 68.9 |
| Amniga 37. | - | +. | +. | 132055 50-200; 1170610 50-200. | 0,0365 | 0,3. | * | 55.9 | ||
| Izoms, Slovakia. | Anigaa iska leh Wat adag. | Nonasil tf. | - | +. | +. | 1000500, 600 x 40-160 | 0.037 | 0.32. | shan iyo toban | 138. |
| Nobsil Tf Lamuella | - | +. | +. | 1000180, 200 40-200 | 0,040. | 0.38. | 100 | 130. | ||
| * Soosaare ma qeexayso. |
Qalabka casriga ah ee loogu talagalay dahaarka kuleylka
Waxaa jira seddex qaab oo kuleylka ah ee darbiyada: gudaha, dibaddaba iyo gudaha naqshadeynta lafteeda. Loogu talagalay aqalada, qashinka ugu habboon ee dibedda. Marka laga hadlayo dhiig-miirashada lafteeda, nidaam leh dahaarka, oo ku taal gudaha gidaarka webiga gudaha, waxaa loo arkaa inuu yahay. Marka hore, aagga waxtarka leh ee guriga waa la dhimay; Marka labaad, inertria ee ku-meel-gaarka ah ee naqshadda ay si muuqata u yaraatay, taasoo ka dhalatay taas microcliquemio-ka ee dhismayaasha ay ka xumaato. Marka saddexaad, kharashyo dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan rakibida ay uumi-baxa ayaa loo baahan yahay. Heerkulka darbiga webiga ee lakabkiisu si weyn ayaa loo yareeyaa, oo darbiyada ka yimaada gudaha ayaa si joogto ah u soo ifbaxaya kuleylka iyo qoyaanku saameynta kuleylka iyo qoyaanku sabab u ah waxqabadka muhiimka ah ee dadka. Sidaa darteed, xilliga qaboobaha, uumiga biyuhu, waxaa lagu sameeyay qolka, waxaa si aan caadi ahayn loo soo jiiday lakabka dahaarka ee dusha sare ee darbiga. Qoyaanka kordhay waxay horseedaa inay ka sii dartay astaamaha kuleylka kuleylka, hoos udhaca caabbinta qabow. Mushrooms waxay bilaabaan inay si firfircoon u horumariyaan, caaryada, iyo ugu dambeyntiina qaab dhismeedka xirmada ayaa la baabi'iyaa. ALSA dib u dhac. Qeybaha iyo isku-darka, ku xidhnaa derbiga side, sida caadiga ah, ma laha xakameyno kuleylka kuleylka. Sidaa darteed, dhammaan hareeraha qolka qolka waxaa ku yaal "buundooyin qabow", oo kuleylka si xor ah u baxo bannaanka. Natiijo ahaan, nidaamka oo dhan ee go'doominta gudaha ayaa loo yareeyay eber. Haddii aad wali u baahatid inaad u isticmaasho dahaarka gudaha qaab dhismeedka, sii doorbidida xudunta polystyrene.Dhaqdhaqaaqa dhagaxa
Xaaladaha cimilada ee Ruushka waxay u baahan yihiin agab saqaf ah oo kuleylka ah (xilliga xagaaga saqafka saqafka leh badanaa waxaa lagu kululeeyaa 80-95 c), iska caabbinta heerkulka hooseeya (illaa -50 c iyo hoos), kala-guurka isdaba-joogga ah ee u dhexeeya 0 c iyo shucaaca qaaska ah. Naqshadeynta saqafka xasaasiga ah waxaa ka mid ah wajiga gudaha (gudaha qolka), caqabadda uumiga, dahaarka, dabaysha dabeysha, hawo-mareenka hawo-mareenka iyo xarkaha dibedda (ama saqafka dibedda). Khasaaraha kuleylka waa inuu ahaadaa mid qalalan wakhti kasta oo sanadka ah iyo dhammaan xaaladaha cimilada oo dhan. Kaliya qayb ahaan waa in dahaarada saqafka sare ee saqafka sare iyo suuqa lagu dhejiyo xumbo polystyrene, waxa ugu habboon ee lagu isticmaalo slab macdanta macdanta.
Wararka Suuqa
Suuqa kuleylka kuleylka ayaa si joogto ah u isbeddelaya, taasoo bixinaysa macaamiisha inbadan oo ka badan wax soo saar. VGZHECKSK (Gobolka Tvert) wuxuu horumariyey baloogyada bilaashka ah ee peat "" jukin "(0.51x 0.250.88m). Waxay ku yaalliin derbiga bannaanka, waxay awoodaan inay u adkeystaan rarka 8-12 t halkii 1m2. Iyo, dabcan, xaga aan shuruud la'aan ah ee maaddadani waa daahirnimo deegaanka.Daahitaanka cusub ee cusub - taarikada iyo duub ka soo baxa guf-dhafka. Waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu qurxiyo gudaha iyo qurxinta qurxinta darbiyada iyo sagxadaha. Gaashaanka ku dhaca kuleylka ee xarkaha ku jira kooxda reer Portugal ayaa loo isticmaali karaa dahaarka wajiga.
Khabiiro ku takhasusay shirkadda deenishka ee Robwool Russia waxay soo saareen alaabtii kuleylka ee Horlala. Waxaa lagu soo saaraa qaab guuto, oo laga jaro suuxdinta suufka macdanta ee cufnaanta u dhigma (90kg / m3), oo ah cabir ahaan 120020040mm. Wajiga Lamella waxaa loo istcimaalaa inuu kululeeyo lakabka kululaynta ee nidaamyada dahabka derbiyada dibedda ee dhismayaasha iyo qaab-dhismeedka, oo ay ku xigto dusha sare. Sidoo kale, maaddada waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu xidho xannibaadda curvilonear ama qaybo jabay oo derbiyada (silsiladaha, saaseeyayaasha).
Ra'yi takhasusleyaasha shirkadda CJSC San-Goben Eau
"Xulashada xinjirowga kuleylka, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la sameeyo xisaabinta muujinaya bal in ay faa'iido leedahay in la iibsado mid ama nooc kale oo dahab ah oo ku saleysan fiberlation-ka oo ku saleysan dhumuc weyn oo ah 100mm iyo jilbaha 0.042W / (MC) Waxa sarreeya ee guriga ka fiican ayaa laga ilaaliyaa luminta kuleylka.
Hadda waxaan xisaabinaynaa qiimaha kharashka awoodda. Qiimaha 1M2 ee maaddadaas - 116 xoq. Waxaan u qeybinaynaa awood aan yarayn: 116rub. / 2.38 = 48,801. Nooca UOPMAL ee Dambiilaadda Jaantuska ayaa ah kan ugu yar. Waxaan sameyneynaa isla xisaabinta nooca polymer ee la moodayo ee ku daboolay hal dhinac aluminium.
Qalabka loo yaqaan 'Heerkulka' Interliya '- 0.037m C, dhumuc - 10mm (0.010m), qiimaha 1m2- 78 xoq. Iska caabbinta kuleylka: 0.010 / 0.037 = 0.27W / (M C). Qiimaha: 78 xoq. / 0.27 = 288 xoq., Oo ka qaalisan nooca koowaad. Sidoo kale aad ayey muhiim u tahay in la tixgeliyo, kaas oo gobolka loo dhisayo guri, tan iyo, tusaale ahaan, dahaarka kuleylka ee guriga Moscow, dahaarka hal dhumucdiisa lagu gudajiro, ee St. Petersburg, iyo Novosibirsk saddexaad. Way adag tahay in laqabto xisaabintaan, sidaa darteed waxaa fiican in la raadsado caawimaad shirkadaha soosaarayaasha. "
Tifatirayaasha waxay u mahadcelinayaan shirkadaha "San Goben irgavey" iyo Ursa si ay gacan uga geystaan diyaarinta maaddada