Dulmarka suuqa suuqa kuleylka. Qiimaha nidaamka kuleylka ee guriga ee guriga leh qolka kuleylka gaaska. Qiimaha tamarta.
1 - khadka dambe;
2 - Camera gumida;
3 - kuleylka kuleylka;
4 - khadka quudinta;
5 - chimney vall;
6 - dillaac nadiifinta;
7 - Qeybta Koontaroolka;
8 - unug gaas;
9 - Dabashada dabka;
10 - hawada koowaad;
11 - Hawada sare;
12 - Burker Burker
2 - Camera gumida;
3 - dahaarka kuleylka ah;
4 - kuleylka kuleylka ah ee birta;
5 - Luukos nadiifinta;
6 - Gudniinka Kontaroolka
1 - kuleyl;
2 - nambarka amniga;
3 - matoor;
4 - quudinta aruurinta;
5 - dib u noqoshada wax soo rogaya;
6 - Hydro-Permal,
7 - Thermo-hydralic qaybiye;
8 - ururiye "hydrole"
Khubaradu waxay aaminsan yihiin in ilaa 20% miinooyinka tamarta oo dhan laga soo saaray Ruushka iyo, waxaa loola jeedaa boqolaal balaaran oo Rubles ah ay ku qaataan kuleylka. Suuragal ma tahay in la yareeyo xaddiga lacagtiisa ka soo baxaya boorsada jeebka ah ee tuubbada qiiqa?
Saaxiibada-ruugta
Kuleyliyeyaasha bannaanka ee guryahayaga guryuhu waa kuwa ugu badan maanta. Waxay si kalsooni leh milkiileyaasha ku siiyaan biyo diiran oo kulul, oo daboolaya khadka korantada laga bilaabo 15w ilaa 4 mw. Laakiin moodooyinka ayaa ka awood badan 200kw maqaalkan aan laga wada hadli doonin. Jidka, Yurub ee awoodda ah ee ku jirta awoodda ugu fiican ee 35 KW "ayaa ka liita naqshadaha derbiga, tan iyo markii dambe ee guryaha yar-yar ay ka jaban yihiin" hal dhalo ", iyo cabbirro iyo naqshado ayaa u oggolaanaya inay ku yaalliin ku dhawaad meel kasta. Khubaraduhu waxay aaminsan yihiin in sawir la mid ah uu waligiis lagu sameyn doono Ruushka, oo ku kala duwanaan doona waqtiga - laga bilaabo 5 illaa 15 sano. Hadana, "Raqa-tilmaameedka" waxay siinayaan meel bannaan oo ballaaran oo loogu talagalay dhaqaaqa marka la abuurayo nidaamyo ka kooban ka hooseysa Fadliga ugu xun. Intaa waxaa sii dheer, sininimadooda iyo fududeynta wax badan ayaa u dhigma maskaxdeena ka badan sababaha furitaanka.Nidaamka kuleylka kuleylka oo dhan ee guriga ku yaal wuxuu ku kacayaa $ 15-35 illaa 1m2 deganaansho, iyo guryo yaryar oo ka qaalisan. Qolka kuleylka wuxuu qaadanayaa in ka badan 40-60% wadarta kharashyada. Wadnaha Guriga Kaanka (ama, sida ugu adag ee loogu yeero takhasusyo, matoor kuleylka) "jiido" 40-60% qiimaha qolka kuleylka. Ma doonayo inaan lacag badan ku qarash gareeyo wax aan micno lahayn. Si tartiib ah u dooro kuleylka ma fududa xitaa khabiir ku takhasusay cidda, runtii, ma aha inuu kaliya dooro kaliya, laakiin sidoo kale inuu bixiyo xulashooyin badan. Si kastaba ha noqotee, go'aanka ugu dambeeya ayaa weli ah inuu mulkiilaha guriga, isagana, waxa liita, qasabku waa inay sahamiyaan khiyaanooyinka aaladda iyo qalliinka moodooyinka badan.
Nuxurka aaladda "wasakhoodu" waa mid fudud. Waxa ugu fiican ee waxa ay ku sharraxdo galka ku yaal foornada gaaska. Flame wuxuu kululaadaa biyaha kuleylka, oo waa bamgare (dhex-dhexaadin ama dibedda) oo ku dhex jira tuubooyinka tuubooyinka kuleylka. Biyaha ayaa lagu qaboojiyey iyaga oo soo laabanaya (biyo dib u rogi) si ay ugu sii jiraan. Waxaa jira waxyaabo gaar ah oo ku saleysan oo bixiya nabadgelyo, xakameyn iyo sharciyeynta heerkulka biyaha shaati (biyo kaliye). Otomaatiga ee heerar kaladuwan oo kakanaanta kakanaanta ayaa badanaa laga soo iibsadaa si gooni gooni ah oo daruuri maahan soo-saaraha kalkaaliyaha.
Si kastaba ha noqotee, tan muuqata ka sahlan xagga aragtida teknolojiyadda, duurka ayaa jira injineernimada loogu talagalay tayada badeecadaha, raaxada iyo jeebka iibsadaha. Xulashada la soo jeediyey waa mid aad u ballaaran oo suuqa ka jirta wax ka badan saddex tobnaad oo keliya shirkadaha shisheeye oo keliya. Tirada guud ee moodooyinka waxaa lagu xisaabiyaa boqolaal. Shaqo ahaan dhammaan alaabada oo dhan waxaa loo qaybin karaa afar qaybood oo qiimo ah.
Alaabada ugu qaalisan uguna tayada leh waxay soo saaraan yeey, vialsmann, Vaillant, Busymant, Busy (Jarmalka), de Gintrich (France), CTC (Sweden).
Dhowr koox oo qaali ah oo kordhay (shuruudo "ah" fasalka ganacsiga "): ACV (Beljam), Belgium, Bercetta, Findows (Italy), France (France), Roca (Spain).
Celcelis ahaan kooxda qiimaha waa Dakon (Czech Republic), Fontecal, Lamborgini (Talyaaniga), Protrgini (Slovakia), Kiturami (South Korea).
Qaar ka mid ah xuduudaha nidaamka sahayda shidaalka naaftada
| Aagga guriga, m2 | konton | 100 | 200. | 500. | 1000. |
| Awoodda haamaha shidaalka, m3 | 1.5-3. | 2-3. | 3-5 | 5-10. | 10-16 |
| Albaabka tuubbada qulqulka, mm | konton | konton | konton | konton | konton |
| Samee bogagga buuxinta, mm | konton | konton | konton | 80. | 80. |
| Dhererka la oggol yahay ee siligga shidaalka-dhexroor ah oo leh 10mm *, m | 31-ka. | 31-ka. | 31-ka. | 28. | 28. |
| * - Dhererka nuugista shidaalka ka gubanaya bamka ka soo baxa haanta binamka, oo u dhiganta 2 m |
Qeybta ugu hooseysa ayaa waxaa matalaya kuleylka guryaha. Waxay yihiin 2-3 jeer oo ka raqiisan by dibedda lagu soo dejiyo, laakiin ay uga liitaan iyaga dhowr tilmaamayaal farsamo.
Waxaan u diidi doonnaa in qeybintani shuruudaan, xuduudaha kooxaha waa la garaacayaa, baaxadda ayaa ah mid ballaaran. Dhowr shirkadood ayaa soo saara moodooyin aad u yar oo ka jaban, tusaale ahaan DETRIch, STS. Tusaalaha kan dambe wuxuu muujinayaa: Waxay leedahay xasillooni guud ah sts-1200 qoys (c = 3995 gubasho la'aan), oo ay ku shaqeyso isku mid ah sts-960 beta (c = 3750) - Aasaas ahaan diyaar u ah mini-kalkaaniyaa si xun u afuufa oo duubista dhawaqa hoose (40 DBA).
Sida geesiyaal (sawir sawir ah)
Kuleyliyeyaasha dibedda waxaa lagu kala saaraa dhowr macaamiil iyo calaamado farsamo. Marka ugu horeysa, waxaa loo qaybiyaa isha tamarta kuleylka gaaska, dareeraha, korantada, isku-darka iyo guud ahaan labada nooc ee ugu dambeysay, waxaan si faahfaahsan ugu qoray n 7 2002). Ujeedada, kuleylka ayaa ah hal-wareeg iyo laba-wareeg. Soo saare kasta wuxuu sidoo kale soo saaraa kuwa iyo kuwa kale. Xiriirinta biyaha waxaa ku yaal hal kuleyl kuleyl ah, biyo kulul kulul. Waxaa badanaa lagu hayaa kuleylka kuleylka. Laakiin iyadoo la kaashanayo qorshe xasaasiyad gaar ah, qayb ka mid ah biyaha (ama dhammaan) waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu bogsiiyo biyaha kuleylka. Waa in si gaar ah loo iibsadaa. Waxaad ka aqrisan kartaa astaamaha ku saabsan diyaarinta biyaha kulul. Waxaad ka aqrin kartaa N 8 iyo 10 sanadkii 2001. Hal kuleyl ah oo ku shaqeeya kuleylka, kan labaadna waa diyaarinta biyo kulul. Waxaa lagu kululayn karaa kuleylka lagu dhisan yahay ama ku dhegan yahay, taas oo dhammaan qalabka loo baahan yahay iyo kontaroolada iyo kontaroolada iyo kontaroolada iyo kontaroolada ay ku soo rogaan xirmada kuleylka, wax walbana waxaa laga sameeyaa meesha ugu dambeysa ee qaabeynta guud. Kuleyliyeyaasha qulqulaya ee kululayaasha GW-ga ayaa dhif ah dhif (viessonn, Lamborgini, STS).Qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah kuleylka ayaa ah kuwa gubanaya. Waxay u qaybsan yihiin laba kooxood: isku-darka (taagan) oo lagu dhejiyay (laga saari karo). Sida laga soo xigtay mabda'a asaaska isku-dhafka gubashada, jawiga jawiga (prexispersheric) waa la gartaa oo kormeer (taageere). Shaqada jawiga ah oo keliya gaaska oo keliya ayaa laga dhisay oo keliya, oo gebi ahaanba diyaar u ah-shaqada. Advanced, sida caadiga ah, ayaa loo iibiyaa si gooni gooni ah, waa la dhigaa oo gashan yihiin. Iyagu waa gaas, dareere iyo isku darka. Dambe sidoo kale wuxuu gubi karaa gaaska, iyo shidaalka dareeraha ah.
Halbeeg kale oo muhiim ah waa sheyga kuleylka kuleylka. Muuqaalkaani wuxuu kala soocayaa kuleylka birta-birta, bir, naxaas. Waqtigi hore, moodooyinka ayaa soo muuqday, halkaas oo isku darka "Strini-bir-bir-bir" ama aluminium alfoy uu galay kiiska.
Qiimaha tamarta ee sanadlaha ah ee 1m2 aag *
| Muuqaal ku saabsan shirkadda tamarta | Kuleylka kuleylka shaqada | Codsi sanadle ah | Qiimo | Qiimaha side tamarta, xoqidda. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gaaska ugu weyn | 10.1 kwh / m3 | 19.8m3 | 0.73 rubles / m3 | 14.45 |
| Shidaalka naaftada | 10.2 kwh / l | 19.6 L. | 7.5 rubles / l | 147. |
| Xiran | 4.32 kwh / kg | 46.3 kg | 150 rubles / m3 ama 0.25 rubles / kg | 11.57. |
| Koronto | - | 200 kWh. | 0.98 xoq / kWh | 196. |
| * - Xogta waxaa laga helaa xaaladaha aasaasiga ah: kharashka sanadlaha ah ee kuleylka 1m3 ee guriga leh oo celcelis ahaan kululaynta kuleylka 100 w / m2 waa: 0.1 kw 2000 h = 200 kw |
Qaadashada xisaabta ku qoran astaamaha liistada, doorashada waxaa badanaa lagu sameeyaa isku xigxiga soo socda. Marka ugu horeysa, waxay qiimeeyaan kululaynta guriga iyo baahida loo qabo biyo kulul. Ka dib awooda kuleylka loo baahan yahay, nooca shidaalka, tirada wareegga kuleylka, nooca gubashada iyo waxyaabaha kuleylka kuleylka ah ayaa la go'aamiyaa. Honeymium, feejignaan yar ayaa la siiyaa dhinacyada muhiimka ah ee noocaas oo kale ah iyadoo laxiriira qaabka wax lagu kariyo ee isdhaafsiga (oo dhan, sidoo kale wax kastoo kale ah), iyo sidoo kale isku xirka naqshadda matoorka kuleylka leh qolka kalkaalisada. Taasi waa, wax yar ayaa la tixgeliyaa astaamaha farsamada ee aaladda. Akak wuxuu muujinayaa dhaqanka, oo ku saabsan xayiraadda lacagta lagu karkariyo waxaa lagu kharash gareeyaa sida ugu badan kuleylka, iyo xulasho aan lagu guuleysan oo inbadan. Ugu dambeyntiina, dad badan ayaan si taxaddar leh u helayaan iibiyaha wax ku saabsan sida xaaladaha hawlgalka ee Ruushka loo tixgeliyo qaabka la soo jeediyay. Ampum waxaa jira wax:
- Deganaan la'aanta sahayda (oo ay kujirto xiritaanka dhameystiran, korantada iyo isbeddelada soo noqnoqda). Tan, otomatiga xakamaynta ayaa silicaya, quudinta taageerayaasha hawada ee gubashada iyo, sidaa darteed, hufnaanta wax kululaynta.
- Cadaadiska gaaska oo hooseeya ee ku yaal gubashada gubashada, illaa 5-6 MBAR halkii caadiga ahayd 13 iyo 18 Mebar. Avteda Filo wax kulayliya dhaqanka kale: Yurub dhexdeeda - marka la gaaro 20, iyo Mareykanka - markii 12Mbar. Oo dhammaantoodna ma casriyeynno farsamada gacanta ku xusan cadaadiskayaga. Laga yaabee in kaliya Bentone (Sweden) ay soo saarto gubashada oo lagu cadaadiyey oo lagu calaamadinayo ru-da, taasi waa, gaar ahaan Ruushka. Dabcan, cadaadis yar, kuleyliyeyaal badan ayaa sii wada shaqeeya, kaliya awoodda xisaabinta lama soo saarin.
- XAALADAHA Biyaha Sare. Cusbada waxaa lagu shubaa kuleylka kuleylka si loogu diyaariyo biyo kulul oo ay u yareeyaan wareejinta kuleylka, mararka qaarkood laba jeer.
- Shidaalka naaftada tayada liita (wasakhda, biyaha, shayga baaruud sare). Sababtaas awgeed, wax aan xirneyn, shidaal ayaa si xun u gubanaya, waxtarka waxtarka leh, heerka qulqulka ayaa kordha. Ugu yaraan, si taxaddar leh shaandhaynta iyo shukaansi shidaalka ayaa loo baahan yahay. Miirayaasha gaarka ah ee tan waxaa keena Bentone iyo Gok (Jarmalka).
- Jiilaal dheer qabow. Waxay ku qasbeysaa kuleylka inay ka shaqeyso si buuxda oo muddo dheer, taas oo si cad u gacan-qabadsiinayso hagaajinta noloshiisa.
Xor baad u tahay inaad weydiiso iibiyaha tobaneeyo ka mid ah "iyo ka waran haddii? ..". Waxay badbaadin doontaa dareemayaashaada iyo lacagtaada.
Iyada oo ay soo xulista tilaabooyinka
Baahiyaha diiran. Kuleylka kuleylka waxaa lagu xushay iyadoo kuxiran mashruuca (gobolka) guriga, iyo biyo kulul, waxaad kaheleysaa waxaad jeceshahay. Waa lagama maarmaan in si cad loo go'aamiyo inta ay ka mid yihiin iyo aaladee u adeegsada biyaha kulul, waxaad damacsan tahay inaad rakibto. Fadlan la soco in qubeyska caadiga ah ee aad u baahan tahay isticmaalka biyaha (heerkul ah 40c) inta u dhexeysa 8-10 l / min (480-600 l / saacad). Aad bay u badan tahay oo ka soo baxaya crans furan oo ku yaal guriga magaalada.Awooda kuleylka. Qiyaasta qallafsan ee awoodda kuleylka, waxay ku saleysan tahay saamiyada soo socda: 100 w $ 100m2- oo leh dhisme caadi ah; 130 w / m2- qolalka xun ee liita (sagxadda hoose, garaashka, guriga duugga ah); 80 w / m2- guri si fiican loo diiriyey. Badanaa isticmaal silsilad fudud: 1 kw 10m halkii aaga kululaynta. Biyaha kulul, awoodda waxaa loo arkaa inay tahay kharashkeeda. Tusaale ahaan, qubeys wanaagsan ayaa u baahan 15-20 kw, qubays (iyadoo loo eegayo heerarka waa in lagu buuxiyaa 10 daqiiqo) Isticmaalka waa 15 l / min, oo u baahan qiyaastii 30 kw oo awood ah. Laakiin halkan waa sidan sida kilowatts ay tixgeliyaan, khubarada ayaa ku doodaya. Fikradaha aadka u daran Halkan waxaa ku yaal: a) si buuxda ula xisaabtamo oo ku dar awooda kuleylka; b) In aan la tixgalin gabi ahaanba, sababtoo ah kuleylka ayaa fududahay in la dhaqan geliyo mudnaanta mudnaanta mudnaanta leh: isla waqtiga kuleylka ayaa si kumeelgaar ah loo damiyaa (oo si toos ah loo kalayshuhu ku shaqeeyaa biyaha kulul. Laakiin qof kastaa ma jecla in gurigu waxyar ku qaboojiyo inta lagu jiro waqtigan, oo dhammaan dadka kuleylka ah maahan wax dan ah in la beddelo qaababka. Ficil ahaan, noocyo kaladuwan ayaa loo isticmaalaa: 20-50% hw, iyo kuleylka gaaska, 10% kale ee dhibcaha gaaska ayaa lagu dari karaa awoodda kuleylka. Xadgudubka xad dhaafka ah ee xad dhaafka ah ayaa sidoo kale xun: Bilaabida Lacagta xad dhaafka ah, iyo xamuulka, marka gubashada uu u shaqeeyo 1-2 daqiiqo, ka dibna qalabka la istcimaalo ama cilmiga cilmiga ah ee aan la keenin.
Soo koobitaanka qiimaha guriga kuleylka gaaska ee guri 300-350m2 ah (oo loogu talagalay dalabyada ganacsiga)
| Adag | Digsi lugu wax karkariyo | Qiimaha kuleylka qiimaha, | Qiimaha qolka karkaarka, | Sharraxaad kooban oo ah shayga |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| "Hydromontazh" | Tedenyne Lasse, HH-175, 44 KW | 1900. | 4505. | Leexasho, oo leh 160 l l ka kulul, oo leh chimney, xadhig dhameystiran |
| "Pulse" | Acv-delta, pricmince-45, 42 kw | 1991. | 4641. | Shaqo la'aan, qalab oo keliya iyo DHW, gobolka buuxa |
| "Tekhkeroction" | Vaulant, vk int 474/8, 47 kw | 31331. | 7821. | Shaqo la'aan, kuleylka 300 l, walxaha aasaasiga ah ee xargaha |
| Energosbytt | Vaulant, Vko 568/5, 50 KW | 4048 oo leh gubashooyinka Giersch | 7606. | Shaqo la'aan, kuleylka 300 l, walxaha aasaasiga ah ee xargaha |
| "Hogarth" | Viesmann, vitordond-200, 50 kw | 4736 oo leh unugyada kontaroolka Vitotronic-200-kw2 iyo gubashada | 9232. | Shaqo la'aan, kuleylka 350 l, waxyaabaha aasaasiga ah ee xargaha |
| "Tekhkeroction" | Busderus, G215, 58 KW | 4872 oo leh unugyada kontoroolka ee 2107 iyo gubasho wg10 n / 1-c | 9412. | Shaqo la'aan, kuleylka 300 l, walxaha aasaasiga ah ee xargaha |
Xulashada shidaalka. Halkan waxkasta ayaa xallinaya xaaladaha gaarka ah iyo miisaaniyadaada.
- Shidaalka gaaska - maanta waa kan ugu raqiisan ee hawlgalka iyo aragtida habboon, haddii aad ku guuleysato inaad xalliso dhowr dhibaato. Marka hore, hel ogolaansho inaad ku xirto gaaska. Tani waxay u baahan tahay diyaarinta xirmada dukumiintiga, cufnaanta dareemayaasha iyo lacagta. Gaar aan caadi aheyn oo gaar ah guriga laga bilaabo 2 ilaa 5 kun oo doolar. Marka labaad, rakibidda kuleylka meel gaar ah ayaa u baahan sahayda qolkan aad u badan oo leh iftiin, salka, hawo-mareenka, weelka chimney, tuubbada xirta ee wadada. Dambe gaar ahaan ma aha sida milkiileyaasha guryaha laga helayo aragtida amniga amniga. Waxa ugu weyn ee qolka waa qiiro karti leh. Haddii hoygu aad u ballaaran yahay, waxaa jira halis ah in la jaro kuleylka kuleylka kuleylka ee khadadka chimney ee cutubka iyo burburka tartiib-tartiib. Iyada oo leh dhinac yar, waa inaad kordhisaa awoodda gubashada, tanina waa kharashyo dheeraad ah.
- Shidaalka dareeraha ah. Waxaa laga yaabaa inay tahay shidaalka naaftada (isticmaalka waxaa loo yaqaanaa shidaalka naaftada, oo aan sax ahayn), iftiinka loo yaqaan 'kedosene' ama shidaal shidaal. Saliidda shidaalka, waxaad u baahan tahay gubasho gaar ah (suuqa yar ee ka yar). Naafada shidaalka dareeraha dareeraha ah waxay ku fiican yihiin madax-bannaanidooda iyo raacida halka aan gaas lahayn. Ma jiro rukhsad, dukumiintiyo baro ah looma baahna. Laakiin dhibaatooyin ayaa jira. Shidaalka waa in la badbaadiyaa. Xilliga ka badan xilliga gubtay dhowr tan. Ku keydi dab-damiska guriga dhexdiisa waxaa loo oggol yahay 0.9m3. Marka waa lagama maarmaan in lagu qalabeeyo qol gaar ah (oo leh caabbinta dabka ee ugu yaraan 45 daqiiqo), ku keydi shidaalka weelka birta oo waxaad ku luuqado caan ku ahaato dab-damiska. Urta shidaalka naaftada ee guriga waa iska ilaalin karaa qof walba.
Markii lagu keydiyo guriga dibaddiisa, haanta shidaalka iyo khadka shidaalka waa in lagu xiraa oo si wanaagsan loo diiriyaa, maxaa yeelay Torch-ka ayaa qaro weyn. Isugeyn isku mid ah iyo dhexroor dhexmara tuubbooyinka shidaalka ayaa xaddidan sababta oo ah awoodda hoose ee bamka. Asseta waxay u baahan tahay inay bixiso albaabka xamuulka taangiga iyo aaladaha xamuulka iyo kormeerka iyo kormeerka taangiyada, iyo sidoo kale daryeelka guga ay ku jiraan dareenka suugaanta ee ereyga aysan soo bixin. Tayada liidata ee naaftada ayaa kudareysa qayb cusub oo dhib ah oo ku saabsan nadiifinta iyo kaydinta.
Guud ahaan, marka la eego awooda iyo hufnaanta, kuleylka dabka dareeraha ah kama liito gaaska. Laakiin sameynta soosaarka iyaga ayaa aad uga sii daran. Kuwa kuleylka leh ee gubanaya waa in la nadiifiyaa sanadkiiba mar. Adeeggu waa ku dhawaad waajibaadka iyaga.
- Koronto. Nooca shidaalka ugu raaxada badan iyo eco-saaxiibtinimo. Waxaa jira laba dhibaato oo keliya, laakiin aad u muhiim ah. Rakibaadda korantada waa amar weyn oo ka qaalisan gaaska, in kasta oo elektrocots laftooda ay yihiin 2-4 jeer oo ka raqiisan. Laakiin dhibaatada ugu weyni waa in meelaha miyiga ah aan lahayn qaybo koronto. In ka badan 15 kw oo guriga ah "tuuji" fashilmay, iyo fiiloyinka fiilada ayaa ku kacaya $ 1.5-2. Markaa waxay si dhab ah uga hadleysaa rakibaadda korantada ee guriga, iyo xitaa xaaladaha joojinta joogtada ah, lagama maarmaan maahan .
Xadhiga korantada ee bannaanka ee suuqa waa waxoogaa (CTC, ACV, ELO, "Evan"). Intooda badan waa derbi. Waxaa jira wax soo saarka soosaaraha shisheeye $ 40-65 / KW, gudaha - ku dhawaad seddex jeer oo ka raqiisan.
- Shidaal adag. Waxay qiimo u leedahay jiritaankiisa. Kuwa kuleylka ah shidaalka adag ee ku jira xaaladaha Ruushka, iyo xitaa marka la joojiyo korantada, marka gubashada casriyeynta iyo otomatiga ay ka joogsadaan shaqada, waa wax soo saar wanaagsan oo loogu talagalay guryaha yar. Waxaan si faahfaahsan u qoreynay aaladahaan oo aan mar kale joogno. By habka, faallooyinka ku saabsan in lagu bixiyo shidaalka ayaa gabi ahaanba ka fog xaqiiqada xilliyada xilliyada. Kuleylka alwaaxdu waa wax yar oo ka jaban gaaska.
Moodooyinka qaar ka mid ah kuleylka dabaqa ee aagga guriga 300m2
| Adag, dalka | Nooc | Power, KWT | Nooca shidaalka | Kuleylka kuleylka | Eeg *** Burners | Qoto dheer ballaadhan, mm | Qiimo, | Qorid |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ACV, Beljamka (8/32) * | Vacmune-35 | 40. | W / g | Bir | D. | 1697542818. | 1665. | Laba-wareeg |
| Ariston, Talyaaniga (1/6) | Juqemat Ig 39r1 | 41. | G. | Bir bir ah | Laakiin | 860600604. | 1118. | Si buuxda u fuushay |
| Baxi, Talyaaniga (1/12) | Slim 1.400 gudaha | 40. | G. | Bir bir ah | Laakiin | 850635350. | 1144. | Laba-wareeg |
| Beretta, Talyaanigu (7/28) | Venezia-6 | 44. | G. | Bir bir ah | D. | 1500600675 | 1350. | Laba-wareeg |
| Bondioanni, Talyaanigu (10/58) | NGP Sad. | 42. | G. | Bir bir ah | Laakiin | 1500800600. | 1125. | Laba-wareeg |
| Bosch, Jarmalka (5/30) | Megalithe-45s. | 45. | W / g | Bir | D. | 10206401015. | 1880. | Laba-wareeg |
| Suprad-k40-8e. | 44. | G. | Bir bir ah | Laakiin | 850740740. | 1200. | Hal-buur | |
| Budes, Jarmalka (13/62) | Logano g-215-40 | 40. | J. | Bir bir ah | D. | 880600667. | 1580. | Hal-buur |
| G-234-44 | 44. | G. | Bir bir ah | Laakiin | 1204650726. | 2620. | Laba-wareeg | |
| CTC, Sweden (13/38) | Sts-960 beta | 35. | W / g | Bir | D. | 1650600660. | 3750. | Laba-wareeg oo wareeg ah, qalabaysan, oo ay ku jiraan gubasho |
| Sts-1200 qoys-de | 45. | R / G + koronto. | Bir | D. | 93658097. | 3995. | Laba-wareeg, qulqulka, isticmaalka 730 l / saacad | |
| Dakon, Czech Republic (4/36) | Plux hl. | 48. | G. | Bir | Laakiin | 840654670. | 1058. | Hal-buur |
| DE DETRIch, France (9/128) | GT-214GG. | konton | W / g | Bir bir ah | D. | 987560754. | 2172. | Hal-buur |
| Dtg-120 nez-8 | 42. | G. | Bir bir ah | Laakiin | 85074750. | 3087. | Hal-buur | |
| Ecoflam, Talyaaniga (6/43) | Ecomax Ht-6 | 64. | W / g | Bir | D. | 10276901515. | 3700. | Laba-wareeg |
| Ferrali, Talyaanigu (5/38) | GN 1-ko 4 | 46. | W / g | Bir bir ah | D. | 1450600800. | 2340. | Laba-wareeg |
| Fintoital, Talyaaniga (3/31) | ELBA-43. | 43. | W / g | Bir bir ah | D. | 8555955500. | 796. | Hal-buur |
| Fontcal, Talyaaniga (4/24) | Waxaa lagu daray-5.10 | 43. | W / g | Bir bir ah | D. | 850540450. | 690. | Hal-buur |
| Frisquet, France (1/3) | Haybad | konton | G. | Maar | Laakiin | 1150600570. | 2582. | Laba-wareeg oo wareeg ah, nidaam raadiye |
| Kiturami, South Korea (6/27) | Adduunka 2000-2. | 40. | G. | Maar | Iyo gaaska isku-dhafka ah | 915360650. | 2000. | Laba-wareeg |
| Kyunngdong wax lagu milmo, yu. Korea Kuuriya (3/15) | KDB-350 FA | 41. | J. | Bir | Laakiin | 850630420. | 1200. | Laba-wareeg |
| Lamborgini, Talyaaniga (12/62) | Ela-40 | 46. | W / g | Bir bir ah | D. | 850450620. | 932. | Hal-buur |
| Olimpia, South Korea (4/15) | Dkb-350 g240 | 40. | G. | Bir | Laakiin | 860760400. | 1405. | Laba-wareeg, isticmaal 1400 l / saac |
| Pretherm, slovakia (2/27) | Classic-klo-50 | 44. | G. | Bir bir ah | Laakiin | 590830600. | 980. | Hal-buur |
| Roca, Spain (3/30) | CPA-50. | 58. | W / g | Bir | D. | 8108701260. | 1360. | Hal-buur |
| Schefer, Jarmalka (4/24) | Koontaroonta komat-37 | 35. | W / g | Bir bir ah | D. | 9105601060. | 2522. | Laba-wareeg |
| Sime, Talyaanigu (7/39) | Bitherm-35 / 80- Ino | 39. | G. | Bir bir ah | Laakiin | 1295460845. | 2300. | Laba-wareeg |
| Slate / Fin, USA (4/26) | Galaxy GG175 | 45. | G. | Bir bir ah | Laakiin | 830420620. | 2600. | Laba-wareeg |
| Shahba, Syria (2/12) | Laga bilaabo 25. | 45. | W / g | Bir bir ah | D. | 893433630. | 560. | Laba-wareeg |
| Strebel, Austria (6/41) | SA-6s. | 42. | W / g | Bir bir ah | D. | 8256601015. | 2098. | Laba-wareeg |
| Tedenyne Lassen, Mareykanka (4/13) | HH-175 EDP | 44. | G. | Maar | Laakiin | 902450450. | 1735. | Heerkulka hoose, miiska lagu beddelo |
| Temnetk, South Korea (4/22) | HMHB-650. | 58. | W / g | Bir | D. | 9201150580. | 2840. | Laba-wareeg, isticmaal 1800 l / saac |
| Thermona, Czech Republic (2/9) | THER 43LLO. | 43. | W / g | Bir bir ah | D. | 590750660. | 700. | Hal-buur |
| Torus, Poland (5/48) | Ekom 42. | 42. | G. | Bir bir ah | Laakiin | 940608660. | 1612. | Heerkulka hoose |
| Vaulant, Jarmalka (5/36) | Atmovit vk- Int42 / 6 | 42. | G. | Bir bir ah | Laakiin | 850820775. | 2702. | Heerkulka hoose |
| Viatrus, Czech Republic (2/3) | G 27. | 41. | G. | Bir bir ah | Laakiin | 886744710. | 1225. | Hal-buur |
| Vergemann, Jarmalka (12/10) | Vola-Comfroral. | 40. | W / g | IRON STION + bir | D. | 104177611111. | Laga bilaabo 2608. | Heerkulka hoose |
| Logas. | 42. | G. | Bir bir ah | Laakiin | 845840864. | Laga bilaabo 2343. | Heerkulka hoose, gubasho leh isku dhafka hore | |
| Yeey, Jarmalka (10/55) | Hk-2b-45 | 45. | W / g | Bir bir ah | D. | 14756201205. | 1600. | Laba-wareeg |
| Ogeysiis. Jadwalka waxaa lagu soo ururiyaa iyadoo loo eegayo xogta shirkadaha ganacsiga, sidaa darteed xogta ku jirta ee ku jirta ay ku kala duwanaan karto xafiisyadan rasmiga ah.* - Qaandhigga: Tirada tirada taxanaha ee taxanaha, hooseeyaha - tirada moodooyinka ay ku siiso shirkadda suuqa; ** - Shidaalka zh- qalasel, gaze; *** - A- A-halisospherchic, dib-u-habeeyey |
Tirada wareegga kuleylka. Marka loo eego mabaadi'da hawlgalka, farqiga u dhexeeya dadka wax ku jira iyo laba-wareeg ah waa mid aan muhiim ahayn. Dunida 'wareegga-kuluhu' waxay ku habboon yihiin helitaanka kuleylka iyadoo lagu wado guryaha illaa 300m2. Wuu ku adag yahay inay bixiyaan biyo kulul oo kulul: aaladaha waa laga saaraa, aalado ku jira tuubooyinka qaboojiyaha, dahaarka iyo wareejinta HB waa inay lacag dheeraad ah ku bixisaa. Meesha ay ku faafto biyaha (qoys weyn) ama guriga waa weyn yahay, kuleylka hal-buur ah ayaa la door bidaa. Way ka sahlan tahay in lagu xidho wax kululeeya wax kulayshayaasha waxqabadka la doonayo ama midba midka kale ku jiro cagta, haddii baahida kororku korodho.
Gubashada. Hawada. Uma baahna koronto iyo aamusnaan shaqada. Si kastaba ha noqotee, oo leh cadaadis gaas yar, marka lagu daro awoodda luminta, dhib kale oo kale ayaa dhacda: ololku wuxuu ku dhacaa gubashada, wuuna gubtaa. Cadaadis ilaa 5 mebbar, frisquet, CTC, Fondol, Finyoital, kuleyliyeyaasha Dakon waa kuwo deggan. Hadda baarkinka ka reebida jawiga ayaa la ballaariyey. Waxaa jira moodallo leh isku-darka hore ee gaaska iyo hawada (Bosch, de Ginrich, iwm.) Iyo ciriiriga wasakhda ah ee wasakhda leh (viessmann). Ka saar kuwa wax kulul ka saaraan inay deggan yihiin, oo leh hufnaan weyn iyo cadaadiska gaaska oo hooseeya.
Horumarsan. Qulqulka hawada ee uu keenay taageerayaashu waxay abuurtaa isku-dhaf isku dhafan oo guban kara cadaadiska gaaska illaa 5 Mbar iyo xitaa ka hooseeya. Laakiin buuqa (50-55db) - halka satalaytkooda lama huraanka ah. Sidaa darteed, kuleylka ay la leeyihiin waa inay ku dhegaan qol gooni ah. Dadkaan guban kara ayaa aad uga qaalisan jawiga. Laakiin si fudud ayaa loo beddelaa, haddii aad rabto inaad ka guurto gaaska si aad u gasho shidaalka naaftada ama dhanka kale. By habka, kala-guurka ugu horreeya waa fududahay, iyo inta lagu guda jiro kuleylka labaadna qiiqa waa in laga siidaayaa soot-ka, haddii kale waxa uu dhali karaa dhammaan waxyaabaha namarta ah oo aad u sii dari kara gubashada shidaalka.
Qalabka kuleylka kuleylka. Bir ama bir bir ah? Muranka ku saabsan hoggaankooda ayaa socdaa, laakiin, si daacad ah, sababtan tani waa suuq geyn. Birta kululaynta birta iyo birta wax lagu kariyo ayaa si isku mid ah u shaqeeya, haddii si is reeb ah loo habeeyo. Qalabka lagu daro qalabka taarikada taranka ah ayaa ah in ay yihiin kuwo aan la fahmi karin (qayb ka mid ah). Marka, samee kuleyl, xitaa awood sare, gurigii hore ee la dhisay dhibaato ma ahan. Qalabka birta waa monoblochene mana had iyo jeer "jaban" albaabka iyo jaranjarada hoostooda. Faa'iido kale oo ah caabbinta caabbinta birta ee la isku hayo. Marka, ee kuleylka cunnada, waxay xidhataa 0.1mm sanadkii, sidaa darteedna waxay u adeegaan muddo 30 sano ah. Ciidda kuleylka aU ee xargaha dahabka iyo lacagta (STS) nolosha adeegga ee diiradda - 50 sano. Laakiin bir bir ah ayaa u nugul naxdin, farsamo ahaan iyo kuleyl labadaba. Kuleyliyeyaasha birta ah way ka xoog badan yihiin oo sahlan yihiin bir bir ah, laakiin ugu muhiimsan, waa farsamo ahaan ay fududaato in la sameeyo nidaam aad u adag oo ka-soo-nooleynta gaaska iyo biyo-sahayda, oo ay ku kasbadaan wax ku ool ah. Suurtagal ma ahan in soosaarayaasha hogaaminta ay sameeyaan moodallo kale. In kasta oo ay jiraan waxyaabo badan oo kulul oo bir ah oo suuqa ah, Yurub, waa ku dhawaad isle'eg.
Naxaas. Qoraalkani wuxuu u qalmaa guri. Naxaasta waxaa loo isticmaalaa caabbinta wanaagsan ee ugu caabbinta saameynta kuleylka, laakiin waa dhibaatooyin farsamo oo ku filan oo ku filan oo ay ku jiraan isticmaalkeeda. Sidaa darteed, isweydaarsiga kuleylka naxaasta ah ayaa quseeya kaliya shirkado yar (frisquet, Kiturami, Tedenyne Lass). Laakiin kuleylyadoodu waxay u shaqeeyaan si kalsooni leh xitaa qaabab xamuul oo adag. Jaamacaduhu waxay u isticmaalaan jaantus tubbooyin sigaar ah, oo badanaa loo isticmaalo kuleylka birta.
Laakiin shirkadda Teledyne Lasse Lassen ayaa ka sii baxday oo ay abuurtay qaabeynta waxa loogu yeero kuleylka hydronic-ka kuleylka kuleylka ah oo aan ku-wareejin karin tuubooyinka naxaas oo gaagaaban iyo wareegga xawaare sare ee qaboojiyaha. Iyada oo ku saleysan, fikradda ah fardaha kuleylka ee dugsiga hoose ee kululeeya ayaa la soo saaray. Kuwa kalkaaliska ah, oo ay weheliyaan bamka wareegga dhiigga, waxay ku soo jeedaan wareegga gaagaaban oo gaagaaban (hoose) ee tuubooyinka dhexroor ballaaran, oo u adeegta nooc ka mid ah aruuriyaha. BNOW waa lagu xiri karaa (hab gaar ah) tirada macaamilka kuleylka sare ee kuleylka (hiitarka, kuleylka, dabaqa diiran). Dhismaha noocan oo kale ah ee xargaha qorsheyuhu waxay hanjabaad u qabataa oo hakisaa garaacista qolka kalkaaliska ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, khabiirada shirkada "hydromontazh" ayaa lagu saleeyay iyada oo ku saleysan fikradan qaabeynta "hydraulic" oo lagu xayiro cutubyada wax soo saarka loo yaqaan 'malaha'. Halkan, geedi socodka kor u qaadida tuurista qolka kalkaashada ayaa hoos udhacaya cutubyada isku laabashada, sida ku yaal dhismaha Lego. Shirkadda Vitata waxay aruurisaa guryo lagu kariyo si ay u rogaan si aad u jaban oo ka dhakhso badan marka la sii kordhayo habka caadiga ah "sixir" ee Golaha. Maanta, fikirka fardaha dugsiga hoose ayaa lagu soo saaray iyadoo lagu saleynayo kuleyliyeyaasha kale ("Xarun kuleyl"). Guud ahaan, muujinta iyo fikraduhu waxay bilaabeen inay fiiro gaar ah yeeshaan. Ka sokow fikirka caadiga ah, waxay noqotay mid ka ballaaran sidii loo isticmaali lahaa cusub: Meabbies, oo ka yimid Getrich iyo Lasdromontazh ".
Iyo xitaa inta lagu gudajiro qaab dhismeedka caadiga ah, walxaha ka mid ah tacadista inta badan oo inta badan ka badan ma aha "oo aan lahayn" cabir bartojo ah ", laakiin set. Khabiiro ku takhasusay shirkadda "Tekhkestlection" "waxay rumeysan yihiin in ganacsiga soo-jeedinta dufcaddu, markii iibsaduhu bixiyo dhammaan walxaha" hal dhalo ", waxay noqon doontaa mustaqbalka dhow ee mustaqbalka dhow. Iibsashada dhammaan qalabka iyo dhammaan qaybaha shirkadda waxay faa iido u leeyihiin si aad ah uguna kharash gareeyaan qiima dhimista (Butder- illaa 10%), taasoo ka dhalatay hagaajinta tayada rakibaadda iyo qolka kuleylka.
Qiimaha nidaamka helitaanka kuleylka ee guriga leh guri kuleyl gaas ah (sida laga soo xigtay MIC Ajax)
| Magaca Element | Nooca, cabirka | cutubka cabirka | tirada | Qiimo, | Qiime |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Qolka kuleylka | |||||
| Gaaska naxaasta ah prother-ka 35 kw | 40 Klo | PC. | hal / kow | 1080. | 1080. |
| Pasiler protherm | 200 S. | PC. | hal / kow | 780. | 780. |
| Kooxda haanta ballaarinta | 3/4 '', 2.5 bar | PC. | hal / kow | 71. | 71. |
| Valler Valler Degdeg ah | 3/4 '', 6 bar | PC. | hal / kow | 23. | 23. |
| Biyo ballaarinta s | 35 L. | PC. | hal / kow | 32.2. | 32.2. |
| Taangida ballaarinta Gvs | 24 L. | PC. | hal / kow | 29.3 | 29.3 |
| Bamgareynta gruundfos. | 25-60 | meelo dhigidda | 3. | 94. | 282. |
| Matoor gruundfos. | 20-30NN. | PC. | hal / kow | 144. | 144. |
| Nuts bamka | 3/4 '' | meelo dhigidda | hal / kow | 9.50 | 9.5. |
| Saddex waddo | mid '' | PC. | hal / kow | 76. | 76. |
| Filte nadiifin adag | mid '' | PC. | hal / kow | 3,3. | 3,3. |
| Dhuuban kala duwan | - | RM. M. | 53. | - | 66.7 |
| Ku dheji qalabka rakibaadda, waxyaabaha ku dhejinaya - 31 magac | - | - | - | - | 329,4. |
| Walxaha chimney | - | - | - | - | 59,46. |
| Wadar ah | 2975. | ||||
| Nidaamka kuleylka | |||||
| Korbeelka Kordo Vk. | 11.22. | PC. | lix iyo toban | - | 1942. |
| Xiriirinta badan ee zb. | 1016291 | PC. | lix iyo toban | 20,1 | 321.6 |
| Tuubbada birta | 263. | RM. M. | labaatan | 2.69 | 53.8. |
| Tuubbada birta | 162. | RM. M. | 390. | 1,17 | 456,3 |
| Armaing of aruuriyaha isku dhafka ah, 9 shey | - | - | - | - | 845.4 |
| Dahabka kuleylka kuleylka ee thermaflex | E28. | RM. M. | 410. | - | 285.7 |
| Wadar ah | 3904. | ||||
| At | meelo dhigidda | hal / kow | 100 | 100 | |
| Rakibaadda Nidaamka Kuleylka Shaqaalaha | bar | siddeed iyo toban | 70. | 1260. | |
| Shaqada rakibaadda - qolka kuleylka | % | 25. | 2975. | 743.9 | |
| Xirarasho | 160. | ||||
| Gaadiid | 100 | ||||
| Wadar ah | 2363. | ||||
| Wadarta qiimaha, oo ay ku jiraan VAT iyo NPR, waa 9707 | |||||
| Ogeysiis. Wadarta guud ee kharashka kululaynta dhifta leh oo leh pretherm 24nl wax lagululeeyo (30 kw) waa 1029. |
Dusha sare ee qoto dheer
Waxaa jira laba duruufo oo muhiim ah oo muhiim u ah "caafimaadka" ee kuleylka iyo kuwaas oo nasiibdarro, aan badanaa lagu xisaabtamin markii la doorbido. Waxay la xiriiraan xaaladaha hawlgalka ee aaladda. Kuwa wax kululeeya, waxyeelo leh:
- Heerkulka biyaha ee hooseeya, tusaale ahaan, kiisaska bilowga ah, dib u bilaw ka dib markii la joojiyo ama ka dib "habeenka" kuleylka habeenkii "ee ka dambeeya, ka dambaysa tamarta hiitarka ee versices-ka ah ee kuleylka ah;
- Dhoolo soo noqnoqda iyo daminta gubashada, tusaale ahaan, oo leh awood kululayaal si cad oo aad u sareeya ama markii ay kululeyd jidka, iyo isgaarsiinta cimilada ee ku tiirsan ayaa loo adeegsadaa nidaamka.
Marka biyaha dib-u-soo-celinta ay ka qabowdaan 55-yada kuleylka gaaska ama 47-da khafiifka gaaska ah, meelaha qaarkood ee kanaalada qiiqa ee ay ku qoreen biyuhu, alaabooyinka gubashada ayaa ku qaboojin kara meesha sayaxa, oo ay uruurin karaan iyaga. Maaddaama ay tahay mid aad u dagaal badan (waxaa ku jira aashito), kuleylku wuxuu bilaabmayaa inuu si dhakhso leh u ilaaliyo. Dhaqanka '' Erazon 'iyo Qalliinka gubashada ayaa sababa joojinta kuleylka, sidaa darteedna waxay ku dul qaataan agabka foornada.
Kuleylka heerkulka hoose. Si kastaba ha noqotee, waxaa jira xaalado halka heerkulka hoose ee biyaha dib-u-soo-celinta la helo si miyir leh, marka loo eego sababaha farsamada. Marka ugu horeysa, waxay ku dhacdaa nidaamyada kuleylka heerkulka hooseeya. Aad ayey caan ugu yihiin Galbeedka. Iyo macquul ah. Nuxunkoodii ayaa ah in hiitarka kuleylka aysan kululeyn (90 ° C), sida caadiga ah halkan, laakiin heerkul yar: 70, ama xitaa 60C. Marka, biyaha gadaal ayaa yeelan doona heerkul ah 50-55 ama 40-45c, siday u kala horreeyaan. Ku guuleysiga kaydinta iyo cilmiga deegaanka. Waxyaabaha kuleylka ah way fududahay in la shaqeeyo (ka hooseeya heerkulka biyaha ee kuleylka), oo ka sarreeya wax-u-dhigga iyo isticmaalka shidaalka yar ee aan waxyeellada lahayn ee nitrogen-ka (NIX), hawada ma aha mid xad dhaaf ah. Pumples for mulkiilaha wax badan, laakiin kalkaasha kalkaashadu waxay soo food saartaa khatarta jiifka. Midda labaad, kiis sii kordhaya - marka otomaatig ku tiirsan cimilada lagu rakibay kuleylka, beddelaadda awoodda gubashada (oo aan ahayn waqtigiisa). Cimilo diiran, biyuhu xoogaa ayey kululaan karaan, oo biyuhu soo laabanayaan waa "qabow".
Iyada oo khatarta soo-saareyaasha, soo-saareyaashu waxay ku dhibtoonayaan, oo u dhigaya naqshada nasashada qaar ka mid ah kuwa wax lagu daweeyo ee isku-darka iyo xulashada isugeynta ugu habboon ee agabyada, joomatariyada meelaha bannaan iyo kuleylka.
Hubso inaad weydiiso markaad wax ka iibsaneyso howlaha la-dagaallanka kontonnate. Haddii aadan helin jawaabta fahamsan, raadso iibiye kale.
Wixii caan ah oo caan ah iyo "qaali ah" soosaarayaasha waxqabadka ayaa la dhigay nashqadeynta, iyo kuleylka waxaa lagu magacaabaa heerkulka hoose. Maanta, kuwaas oo ah "wax lagu sii daayay" ayaa ka soo muuqday tirada badan ee soosaarayaasha badan. Heerkulka biyaha dibedda waa 30-35c. Iyada oo leh kuleyliyeyaal jaban oo leh hanjabaad uumiga, naqshadeeyayaashu badanaa waxay la tacaali karaan nidaamka qolka qolka ku habboon ee lagu kariyo. Hagaag, iyo macaamilku waxay u ashtataa iyada inay ka baxaan. Natiijada wanaagsan waxay siisaa rakibaadda bamka yar ee wareegga (oo leh awood 1/3 laga soo bilaabo bamka ugu weyn ee nidaamka kuleylka) inta udhaxeysa quudinta iyo soo celinta khadadka dusha sare ee dusha sare. Qalabka wuxuu ku dari doonaa biyo kulul dhanka dambe, qulqulka kuleylka ilaa uu ka kululaado 55s.
Qayb ka mid ah soosaarayaasha waxaa lagu sameeyaa kuleylka heerkul-yar ee hooseeya xoojinta guryaha la-dagaallanka saxaafadda ee birta saara. Tusaale ahaan, shirkadaha CTC, De Ditrich, Bosch, Strebel waa kafeega kaftanka kabka ah ee bir gg20. Irod gaar ah oo bir ah waxay leedahay Budes iyo Beretta. Midaynta buluuga ah (Ecoflam) kuleylka kuleylka ayaa laga sameeyaa aluminium alfoy, iyo moodalka ee '' beretta 'dusha sare ee foornada iyo kanaalka qiiqa ayaa lagu daboolay galaas gaar ah.
Go'aanka asliga ah waxaa soo jeedisay viesmann-ka nooceeda vivele-grocelrararararararararar oo leh kuleylka kuleylka kuleylka ee loo yaqaan 'befral'. Qaybaha kartoonnada ee Charmotion champer-ka gubashada ayaa wade qolof ah oo bir bir ah, oo kanaalada dhaadheer ee loogu talagalay gaasaska caanaha ah ayaa loo habeeyay iyaga. Sababo la xiriira qaybinta gaarka ah ee is-weydaarsiga kuleylka iyo kuleylka ee la-dagaallanka kuleylka iyo kuleylka ee la-hawlgalayaasha iyadoo loo eegayo walxaha nidaamka (shirkadda waxay leedahay patent) Conssunness in aan la sameynin xitaa heerkulka biyaha 30-aad ee biyo-xirta.
In hilibka birta lagu shido, waa inaad muujisaa xariifnimo weyn si aad uga ilaaliso xarkaha. Tusaale ahaan, waxa loogu yeero tikniyoolajiyada laba-heer-heer-heer-heer-heer-heer-heer-heer-heer ah, oo ay ku jiraan laba wareeg oo biyo-qaboojiye ah - gaaban oo weyn. Marka hore, markii la bilaabo, waxay shaqeysaa gaagaaban, in ka yar 100 s) kululaynta shaati ilaa heerkulka 50s, ka dibna kan ugu weyn, biyo ku siiya nidaamka. Marka waxaa jira kuleyliyeyaal ka socda Scha..fffffer ama nooca vitabssel ee viessmann. IDEA (oo la mid ah, laakiin leh bamgare bamgare ah, oo loo isticmaalo 3600 qaabka BTS ee Riello.
Nuxurka xalalka kale (inbadan - Sidee shirkadaha ay ku jiraan-sideed-sidesers) waxay ku yaalliin meesha kanaalada khadadka qiiqa (laga bilaabo meeshii lagu dhaqo) si aan loogu maydhnayn biyo qabow. Tani waxay noqon kartaa durid isku dhafan oo ku saabsan soo-jeedinta "Diyaarinta" (vitossond viessmann ama Wirbex laga soo bilaabo CTC), oo ah cuncun "Frails" (yeey) ama xayndaabyada funaanadaha kuleylka (riello).
Bamka la-dagaallanka xidhiidhka waxaa lagu dhejiyaa naqshadda kuleylka (qulqulka ka soo baxa telefishanka ama ecomax laga soo bilaabo ecoflam). Si loo yareeyo culeyska kuleylka, daah fur ah oo guban ah (frisquet, Bosch, Ecoflam) ayaa la istcimaalaa.
Isku dhafan kuleylka. Dhawaan ayaa la bartay in loo isticmaalo waxyeellada leh ee loo yaqaan 'waxyeelada u leh' - waa "la habeeyay" waxayna siisaa kuleyl dheeraad ah waxa loogu yeero waxyaabaha kuleylka ah. Waxaa la ogsoon yahay in biyaha biyaha la sameeyo markaas oo ah gudida shidaalka, kaasoo loo duulay tuubbada. Haddii lammaaneyaashaas ay qaboobaan, oo ay umushay, kuleylka ayaa loo qoondeeyay, oo horey loogu kharash gareeyay abuurkooda. Si aad u qaboojiso dabada (gadaal) qayb ka mid ah maaliyada ayaa sameeya jeebado kuleyl kuleyl dheeraad ah. Waa kuwan lamaanayaal, kuleylkuna wuxuu kululaanayaa kuleylka kuleylka. Marka waa suurtagal in la helo hufnaan, gaarista 106-107% qiimayaasha. Halkan ma jiro mucjisooyin, tani waa jawi ka mid ah habka loo xisaabiyo si loo xisaabiyo waxtarka. USAs iyo Yurub gudaheeda waxaa lagu xisaabiyaa iyadoo lagu saleynayo gubashada kuleylka ugu hooseeya ee shidaalka (marka samaynta gubashada uumi baxa). Aain Mareykan ah iyo Kanadiyaanku waxay sameeyaan wax soo saarkooda, iyagoo ka riixaya kuleylka ugu sarreeya ee gubashada. Waxay ku leeyihiin wax ku ool ah "caadi" oo caadi ah 11% (Share on uumiga) ka hooseeya annaga. Sidaa darteed, wax-qabadkooda waa 85% - kani maahan analogga ka mid ah CCM-danaheena CCM, laakiin tilmaamayaasha heerka ay ku siiyaan kuwa wax ku siinaya arrimaha reer Yurub.
Dhammaantood way ku fiicnaan lahaayeen la isku darayo kuleylka. Kaliya taasi waa waxa lagu sameeyo causcicis-ka-caussit- ilaa aan go'aan ka gaarno. Waxaa loo sameeyay inbadan oo ah 4-6 L / H, waana daciif aashito. Si loo kala qaado bullaacadda iskiis u madaxbannaan ama kuwa maxalliga ah (tuulo) si hoose, microflora oo dhan ee tas-hiilaadka daweynta bullaacadda bullaacadaha ayaa dhiman doona, nadiifinta firfircoonaanta. Ka takhalusidda, sida Yurub, inta aad dhib badan tahay oo qaali tahay. Sidaa darteed kuleylka noocan oo kale ah (viesmann, Vaialant) ayaa hadda naga tagaya dhibaato.
Hagaag, taasi waa warka ugu weyn ee ka soo kabanaya suuqa kalkaaliska. Waxaan rajeyneynaa in qodobkaani kaa caawin doono inaad si wanaagsan ugu socoto inta badan ee wax soo saarka badan.
Tifaftirayaasha ayaa ka mahadcelinaya Xafiisyada Wakiilka ee ACV, de Geretta, Beretta iyo shirkadaha ". diyaarinta shey.