Ujeedada goobaha goynta, faahfaahinta, qawaaniinta tilmaanta, talooyinka la taaban karo ee shaqada.
Rakibaadda iyo isku-daridda goobada goynta goynta ee ku yaal barta "Bulgaariya":
mid. Dhex dhig puck puck oo leh dhexroor ka mid ah oo aan ka yarayn 1/3 dhexroorkii goobaabta ee ku yaal qulqulka wadnaha.
2. Gamet ka qaado kartoonnada ama waxyaabaha laastikada, dhumucda oo ah 0.5-1.0 mm.
3. Ku adkee goobada oo leh god god ah, ku soo rogo gogosha labaad, markaa wasakhda bir ee labaad, iyo gasket kasta waa inay ka soo baxaan hoosaadku u dhigantaa qiimo dhumucdeeda, oo adkee "puff corntry" lowska "Bulgarian" lowska ".
Crack jeexan (a), geeska goynta-goynta (b) iyo "xaaqidda" goobada (b), oo ay ku talineyso
Ma inaad ka gooysaa geeska birta ah ee 35x35mm si aad u hesho unug cagaaran ama tuubooyin bir bir ah oo loogu talagalay dhuumaha biyaha ee shirqoolka guriga? Haddii ay sidaas tahay, ka dib xulashada inta u dhexeysa biraha ka bixitaanka, disk-ka, elextrode alxanka, ama goobo goos goos ah, malaha doorbidida ayaa u badan inuu yahay kan ugu dhaqsaha badan uguna habboon.
Jadwalka goos goosyada ah ee ka goynta shirkadahaas sida Austrian Terborondum, Czech Carbordum Elect Elect Elect Elect Elect Elect Elect Elect Elect Elect Elect Elect Elect Elect Elect, Bronco, Borobordlav Suma iyo Unchislav Suma, oo ah Finnish kentenstem, iyo sidoo kale shirkadaha maxalliga ah. Waa kuwee "Moscolifsintsument" (Moscow), OJSC "LUZHSKY Beedka", JSC "ISMA" (Ivanovo), Beeraha "Montajabrasivinstringtringstrinstrinstringstringstrinestrinestrumentstrinestrinestringstinestrinestrinestringstrinestrinestrinestrinestrines" (Perm).
Qarible (istaraacis ah. Ambrisio-xoqidda) Goynta goynta ee saxda ah iyo tayo sare leh ee noocyo kala duwan oo alaabooyin ah sida bir, bir, tuubooyin, tuubbooyin, xaashino, iyo lebenkii , dharbaaxo, dhoobada, qalalan, iyo sidoo kale marble, granite, dhagax iyo la taaban karo tiro yar. Waxaan u baahanahay oo keliya mashiin go 'oo la qaadan karo ama shiidi la', oo loo yaqaan "Bulgaariya".
Waa lagama maarmaan in looga digayo in shirkado badan oo soo saara mashiinnada goynta ay bixiyaan oo gooyaan wareegyada iyaga oo hoos yimaada sumcadooda, oo aan ahayn soosaarayaasha.
Xawaaraha wareejinta goobada waa mid weyn, sidaa darteed oo keliya tayada sare ee soo-saarkeeda ayaa dammaanad ka qaadaysa hawlgal nabdoon. Goobaha waxaa loo sameeyaa liiska badeecooyinka iyo adeegyada lagu sameeyo shahaadada khasabka ah. Sidaa darteed, tayada wax soo saarka ee "moskslifsintsintrument" (waa laga wada hadli doonaa) ee ay xaqiijiyeen hay'adda shahaadada ee ay aqoonsadeen heerka gobolka ee gobolka.
Xeerar badan oo lagu xusho goobaabin go '
Hubi in goobada aan ciqaabin, oo ma jirin dildilaac iyo dildilo dusha sare saaran.Waa suurad wacan in qiimaha ugu badan ee la cayimay xawaaraha wareejinta ee goobada aysan ka yarayn xawaaraha wareejinta ee Bulgaria.
Xusuusnow in goynta loo adeegsado oo keliya 2/3 dhexroor ah ee goobada xorta ah.
Qalliinka xoojinta had iyo jeer looma bixiyo qaabeynta goobada lagu qiimeeyo, oo waxaa lagu xukumi karaa sumadda. Marka, ee soosaarayaasha gudaha, xarafka "Bu" waxaa loola jeedaa "bakelite farabadan oo leh shey adag". Haddii "y" uu maqan yahay, ma jiro wax noocaas oo kale ah oo ku dheji goobaabin ku saabsan "Bulgaria" laguma talinayo.
Dhererka yar ee goobada, waa sahlan tahay in la gooyo oo la gooyo qashinka, laakiin sidoo kale xidid badan. Iyada oo ugu yaraan dhererka wareegga (5 cabbir oo ka kooban walxaha), sifooyin yar ayaa la istcimaalaa oo sidaas darteed, waxqabadka ayaa hoos u dhacaya.
Giraangiraha goynta, oo badanaa lagu isticmaalo guriga, waa disk khafiif ah oo dhexroor ah oo ah 100 ilaa 5mm oo dherer ah 1 ilaa5mm oo leh dhexroor ah 22 ama 32mm, oo inta badan bir bir ah lagu dhaqo Digiur Sterlevet. Tusaale ahaan, oo goynta ah "Booqday" oo ay ugu wacan tahay xaddi badan oo torque ah, dhexroorkii goobada kama badna 230mm. Waxaad kula kulmi kartaa goobo goyn ah oo dhexroor ah oo ah 100 iyo xitaa 80mm oo leh 10mm oo ku habboon, ku dheji albaab guri guri oo leh Mandrel.
Guurka xorta ah waxay ka jaraysaa walxaha birta ah ee walxaha adag ee ganaaxyada ah ee ganaaxyada ah (kacsan), oo u eg cabir iyo qaabka hadhuudhka caadiga ah. Iyaga waa isku dhafan, ka dibna waxaa lagu cadaadiyey tiro isku-dhafan oo isku-dhafan oo dabacsan, guryaha ugu waaweyn ee loo yaqaan 'baklite' (caag ah) ama vulcanite (caag). Ugu badneyn fiiqan oo ka mid ah dusha sare ee ka sarreeya dusha sare ee xinjirowga iyo, u dhaawaco birta, jarjar jiifka ugu fiican. Soo-saarista isku-darka xidhmooyin xidhmooyin ah, kuwa wax la beddeli karo iyo kuwa ku buuxiya foomka, waxaa lagu beeray oo si dhaqso leh loo farsameeyaa. Shuruudo la leh bakelite farabadan ayaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa goynta goynta bir iyo dhisidda qalabka aan macdanta ahayn. Goobaha leh wax qabad-ka-yar oo ka yar oo loo qaabeeyey goynta birta, aloy-ka titanium iyo helitaanka cidhifyada jilicsan ee goynta (ee aan loo isticmaalin nolol maalmeedka).
Waxqabadka suuxdinta ee wareegaya ayaa inta badan ku tiirsan cabirka iyo cabirkiisu yahay qaddarka: waa walxaha waaweyn ee la weynaado iyo laftiisa, si dhakhso leh birta ayaa la goyn karaa. Cadaadiska dillaaca, ama cabirka walxaha, waxay noqon kartaa laga bilaabo0.1 illaa 2 mm (100-2000 micraan micron). Waxay had iyo jeer tilmaamaysaa in lagu calaamadeeyo cutubyada caadiga ah, iyo Russia iyo waddamada kale siyaabo kala duwan.
Kadib markii la tijaabiyo xoogga farsamada gacanta iyo xiisaha leh ee ku saabsan calaamadaynta mid ka mid ah, maaddada goynta ayaa la muujiyaa ama astaan midab leh ayaa la dhejiyay, tusaale ahaan, cagaaran (noocyada buluuga ah) ama buluug (noocyo noocyo ah). Macluumaad dheeri ah ayaa laga soo sheegey halkaas.
Alaabada gudaha, midda ka sarreysa 50 MKM waxaa loo muujiyaa inay tahay 0.1 dhinacyada unugyada shaandhee kacsan oo ay ka mid yihiin kuwa ay ku kala soocaan cabirkooda. Tusaale ahaan, miyir-qabka 32 wuxuu muujinayaa jiritaanka walxaha ka kooban cabirka ugu weyn ee 320mkm iyo qadar yar oo ah badar cabbirno kale ah.
Cidhiidh ka timaadda 5 ilaa 63mkm waxaa lagu muujiyaa cabirka ugu badan (m). Sax ahaanta, M28 waxay muujineysaa cabirka ugu badan ee walxaha ugu badan ee 28 μm. Sida laga soo xigtay heerarka caalamiga ah Iso, oo ah mid rootida ka dillaaca ee aan ka turjumaynin cabirka, inta ay jiraan laba heerar oo gaar ah: qaloocyo, qaybo, qaybo, oo ka mid ah haragga maqaarka ama jiirka (P). Sidaa darteed, F54 ayaa soo jeedinaya in celceliska cabirka walxaha ka mid ah cabirka walxaha ka mid ah ee loo isticmaalo soo saarista goobada goynta ay tahay 300 MKM, iyo maqaarka isku mid ah oo leh cabir isku mid ah ayaa lagu tilmaami doonaa P50. Sida laga soo xigtay heerarka Ruushka, iyo goobada goynta ah, iyo miyir-qabka leh cabirka walxaha ugu weyn ee 320mkm iyo hal magacaabis ah 32 (shaxda) inta badan waxay u dhigantaa gooshka grindit.
Qaab-dhismeedkan ah ee ku saabsan ku-boodboodka ruushka iyo caalamiga ah ee ISO (marka laga reebo dheeman iyo baron Nitride)
| GOST 3647-80 (Ed. 1994), aalad kasta oo ka mid ah | Iso 8486-1.2: 1996 (e) marka laga reebo hargahood oo gariir | ISO 6344-1.2: 1998 (e), oo keliya khamiiska | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Qalidda | Cabirka walxaha ugu muhiimsan, μm | Qalidda | Cabirka walxaha ugu muhiimsan, μm | Qalidda | Cabirka walxaha ugu muhiimsan, μm |
| - | - | F 4. | 4750. | - | - |
| - | - | F 5. | 4000. | - | - |
| - | - | F 6. | 3350. | - | - |
| - | - | F 7. | 2800. | - | - |
| - | - | F 8. | 2360. | - | - |
| 200. | 2000. | F 10. | 2000. | - | - |
| 160. | 1600. | F 12. | 1700. | P 12. | 1700. |
| - | - | F 14. | 1400. | - | - |
| 125. | 1250. | F 16. | 1180. | P 16. | 1180. |
| 100 | 1000. | F 20. | 1000. | P 20. | 850. |
| - | - | F 22. | 850. | - | - |
| 80. | 800. | F 24. | 710. | P 24. | 710. |
| 63. | 630. | F 30. | 600. | P 30. | 600. |
| konton | 500. | F 36. | 500. | R 36. | 500. |
| - | - | F 40. | 425. | P 40. | 355. |
| 40. | 400. | F 46. | 355. | - | - |
| 32. | 320. | F 54. | 300. | P 50. | 300. |
| 25. | 250. | F 60. | 250. | P 60. | 250. |
| labaatan | 200. | F 70. | 212. | - | - |
| lix iyo toban | 160. | F 80. | 180. | P 80. | 180. |
| - | - | F 90. | 150. | - | - |
| 12 | 120. | F 100. | 125. | P 100 | 150. |
| 10 | 100 | F 120. | 106. | P 120. | 106. |
| siddeed | 80. | F 150. | 90. | P 150. | 90. |
| 6. | 63. | F 180. | 75. | P 180. | 75. |
| shan | konton | F 220. | 63. | P 220. | 63. |
| M 63. | 63-50 | F 230. | 55.7 | P 240. | 58.5 |
| - | - | F 240. | 47.5 | - | - |
| M 50. | 50-40 | F 280. | 39.9 | R 280. | 52,2 |
| 40. | 40-28. | F 320 | 32.8. | P 320. | 46,2 |
| - | - | F 360. | 26.7 | P 360. | 40.5 |
| M 28. | 28-20. | F 400 | 21,4. | P 400. | 35.0 |
| M 20. | 20-14. | F 500. | 17,1 | P 500. | 30.2 |
| M 14. | 14-10. | F 600. | 13.7 | P 600. | 25.8. |
| 10. | 10-7 | F 800. | 11.0 | P 800. | 21.8. |
| M 7. | 7-5 | F 1000. | 9,1 | R 1000 | 18.3 |
| 5. | 5-3. | F 1200. | 7.6 | R 1200. | 15.3. |
| - | - | - | - | P 1500. | 12.6 |
| - | - | - | - | R 2000. | 10.3 |
| - | - | - | - | P 2500. | 8,4. |
Noocyo iyo hadhuudh lagu baabi'iyo oo loogu talagalay googooyaha
| Magaca iyo astaanta baabi'inta | Si macaan baabi'in | |
|---|---|---|
| Bakelite farabadan | Farabadan roogagga | |
| Electrocound caadi ah 13A, 14a | 125, 100, 80, 63, 50, 40, 25, 16 | 46, 25, 16, 12, 10, 8, 6 |
| Chromotytomatantic electromorand1113a, 94a | 125, 100, 80, 63, 50, 40, 25, 16 | - |
| ElectRocondunt Caddaan 25a. | 50, 40, 25, 16, 12 | 40, 25, 16, 12, 10, 8, 6 |
| Zirconium electrocrundum 38A. | 125, 100, 80, 63 | - |
| Madow Silicon Carbide 53c, 54C | 160, 125, 100, 80, 63, 50, 40, 25, 16, 16 | - |
| Silicon Carbide Green 63С, 64с | 16, 12, 8, 6 | - |
Si loo yareeyo halista jebinta goobada markii la jaro soo noqnoqoshada sare ee wareegga, cunsur adag ayaa lagu soo rogay jirkeeda qaab disk wareega ah oo ka soo baxa mesh. Mid ka mid ah walxaha moolka ah ee dhexda ee dhererka goobada (ama sagxadaha dhamaadka) ayaa lagu dejiyay wax soo saarka. Gridni wuxuu sidoo kale sii hayaa qaabka iyo dabacsanaanta goobada goynta.
Talooyin wax ku ool ah
Goobaha cusub ee goynta ayaa marka hore hubiya inaad wareejiso qiyaastii 5min, oo ku haysatay "Bulgaaris" oo leh goobo isku xidh ah oo isku xidh. Xaqiiqdu waxay tahay in sababtu tahay dartood daruuro suurtagal ah inta lagu gudajiro gaadiidka kiiska goobada, dildilaaca microscopic-ka ayaa laga yaabaa inay sameeyaan, taasoo horseedaysa ballaarinta jajabyada yaryar.
Xirashada tartiib-tartiib ah ee goobada goynta goynta waxaa weheliya dhimis dhexroor ah ee goobada, marka marka loo isticmaalo isticmaalka soo noqnoqda, si tartiib tartiib ah loo yareeyo qoto-dheer godka goynta.
Si loo qaboojiyo biyo aad u yar si dhaqso leh (tusaale ahaan, markii birta goynta la kululeeyo), waxay ahayd mid wax ku ool ah, oo gaabis xawaare 30-50%.
Jarida birta oo keliya isku xirnaanta hal dhinac. Marka la barbardhigo, ka imaada kuleylka xoogga badan, waa mid cilado leh oo wuxuu ku garaacaa goobada xorta ah.
Qeybta wareegga Markaad goynayso usha qaro weyn waa in la yareeyaa 15-20% inta lagu gudajiro marinka kala badh dhexroor, ka dib oo ay ku kordhin karto qiimaha bilowga ah mar labaad.
Ku keydi goob ku saabsan xirmo buluug ah oo ku jira meel qalalan, maxaa yeelay xoogga xirmada ayaa ka baxaa qoyaanka.
Gurbuur baabi'inta ayaa leh laba faa'iidooyin marka loo eego dheeman. Marka hore, marka shaqadu u baahan tahay in lagu khasbo qaboojinta lagu qaboojiyo biyo, maxaa yeelay heerkulkiisu badanaa kama badna 70-80c. Qaboojiyaha dabiiciga ah ee wanaagsan waxaa bixiya tiro aad u badan oo goobo ah oo lagu sameeyay goobaabin soo-saaristiisa. Iyaga, iyo sidoo kale buuxiyaha khaaska ah ee lagu daray xirmada iyo xayiraadda markii goynta, gacan ka geysanaya ka saarida deg-degga ah ee ka saarida birta.
Marka labaad, goobada noocan oo kale ah ma iftiimineyso, maadaama ay dhahaan, "is-sababa", halka dhexroor bilow ah si tartiib tartiib ah loo yareeyo burburka walxaha ka mid ah debaajiga iyo dammaanad-gelinta. Riyooyin sax ah oo ka soo baxa wareegga dheeman, goynta goobo-ka-goynta ayaa had iyo jeer la socda dhibco degdeg ah oo iftiimaya, walxaha jiirka yar yar oo bir bir ah ayaa gubanaya, kuwaas oo u duulaya taakulaynta jihada wareejinta. Aad bay u yar yihiin oo dhaawac uma geysan karaan qaabka xoqida ama gubashada.
Gogosha jajabsan oo leh goynta goobaha goobaabinta 63
| Dhexroor cod-dhimis., Mm | Jaridda xawaaraha, m / s | Goyd qoto dheer, mm | Quudinta * goobaabin, m / min | Awoodda loo baahan yahay, KW |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1153,022. | 60 ama 80. | Wax aan ka badnayn 0.15d | 0.2-0.8 | 1.0 |
| 1503,022. | « | « | « | 1,4. |
| 1803,022 (32) | « | « | « | 1,6 |
| 2003.022 (32) | « | « | « | « |
| 2303,022 (32) | « | « | « | 1.9 |
| 3003,032. | « | « | « | 2,2 |
| 4004,032. | « | « | « | 2.6 |
| 5005,032 | « | « | « | 3,2 |
Qalliinka goobada waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa xawaareheeda iyo quudintiisa (dhaqdhaqaaqa). Xawaaraha ugu badan waa in lagu muujiyaa calaamadaynta wareegga ama sumadda. Alaabada guryaha, qiimaha xawaaraha waxaa si dheer loogu muujiyey midabka Diatralrallral Playe: Jaale / 60m / s) ama casaan (80m / s) ama cagaar (100m / s). Marka, sababtuna tahay tiro kooban oo ah "Bulgarian" oo leh qiime badh ah oo xawaaraha, kheyraheeda ayaa hoos udhaca 30-50%.
Guuritaanku waa inuu ahaadaa mid si adag u ah inta u dhexeysa 0.2 ilaa 0.8 m / min. Markaad codsaneyso wax ka yar 0.2 m / min, kuleylka kuleylka inta lagu jiro goynta ayaa si aad ah u sii kordhaya, taas oo gacan ka geysaneysa "tuujinta" ee birta iyo gubashada marinnada biyaha. Markaad codsaneyso wax ka badan 0.8 m / min, xitaa haddii howshu socoto iyada oo aan lahayn awood jireed oo weyn, walxaha ka mid ah ay bilaabaan inay si dhakhso ah uga fogaadaan xirmada ("burburka") iyo kuleylka degdega ah ee birta la gooyo, waa Suurtagal ayay suurta gal tahay in lagu soo biiro goobada u horseedi kara wax soo saarka ka soo saaraya mashiinka "Bulgaariya". Dhumucda cufan ee birta waa inuusan ka badneyn 15% dhirta dhexroor ee goobada. Ka gaabinta inaad u hogaansanaato xayiraaddan waxay horseedaa birta "afraad", dhimista kheyraadka goobada iyo wax soo saarka.
Si loo yareeyo kuleylka wareegga, dusha sare ee dhamaadka waa mid siman, laakiin aad u adag, oo leh fara badan oo ka mid ah ka samaysan jeexjeexyada, tusaale ahaan, qaab wareeg ah. Tani waxay yareysaa ku-tuurista kuleylka iyo isticmaalka korantada 60-80% marka loo eego dusha sare ee jilicsan. Markaad goynayso jeexdin, gaar ahaan birta, goobada waxaa loo isticmaalaa 0.1-0.2 mm khafiif ah xarunta marka loo eego dusha sare. Wareegggles ka dillaac ayaa ka badan dheeman dheeman ah, oo u oggolaanaya muddada-gaaban, in kasta oo loo baahan yahay oo aan la rabin oo ku dhex jira jeexdin iyo dhaqaale ahaan waxtarka yar. Tan ayaa si gaar ah loo ogaadaa markii la jarayo qalab dhismo adag, sida la taaban karo. Guurka xorta ahi wuxuu leeyahay kheyraad gaaban oo lagu cabiro wadarta guud ee qeybta qeybta qeybta ah ee 1m2 ee maaddada la gooyay. Tan waxaa lagu xaqiijiyey hoos udhaca dhexroorkii goobada.
Waxtarka goynta la taaban karo ee suuxdinta ah ee baloogyada "mosslifsintsintrualttrument" iyo wareegga goynta dheeman ee shirkadda "kala go '
| Nooca goobada (dhexroor 230mm) | Qiimaha goobada, $ | Kheyraadka, M2. | Qiimaha 1m2, $ |
|---|---|---|---|
| Goobada xorta ah | 0,6 | 0.05 | 12.0 |
| Goobaha dheeman "Turbo" | 38. | 13 | 2.9 |
| Qeybta Guurka Diamond | 95. | 25. | 3.8. |
Sida laga arki karo miiska, qiimaha jahwareerka ayaa marar badan ka yar. Sidaa darteed, haddii aad u baahan tahay inaad yareyso waxoogaa yar, markaa waxay faa'iido badan tahay inaad wax ka iibsato giraan gooyn goyn, iyo haddii aad u baahatid inaad si joogto ah u hesho goobaabin gacanta, goynta dheeman. Waxaan carrabka ku adkeysaneynaa in bayaankan oo kale uusan quseynin goynta birta, halkaas oo wareegga goynta goynta uu ka maqnaado tartan.
Kahor intaadan shaqeynin, aqriyaan tilmaamaha isticmaalka Bulgarian, kaas oo ah in lagu arko habka ugu fiican si looga fogaado dhaawaca inta lagu gudajiro geedi socodka goynta aaladda xawaaraha sare.