Sixelela indlela yokwenza iikhola zeendlela ezihlekisayo kwaye sihoyiwe kakuhle udonga ngeefoto, ukuze uyilonwabile iliso kwaye iphefumlelwe yonke imihla!
Uyenze ukuba ube ngamakhaya, apho i-interlip icingisise khona kwiinkcukacha ezincinci, zonke izinto ezikwindawo yayo, ii-shades zikhethwe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye akukho ndawo ilahlekileyo? Iposta eqaqambileyo okanye i-collage yeefoto eludongeni iguqula igumbi ukuba ingaziwa: Ukufunxa iinqobo ezisemgangathweni, iindawo ezinomdla kwimifanekiso yobugcisa, izakhiwo zithatha inkangeleko egqityiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, indawo enqwenelekayo yemifanekiso ayinikeli isiphumo esifunekayo: I-Logic kufuneka ilandelwe kukhetho kunye nokubekwa kwefoto yefoto yodonga.
Uchitha njani kakuhle iifoto eludongeni: Imithetho yeMivisiswano
Idemokhrasi kunye nokufikeleleka - ezona mpikiswano ziphambili zokuyilwa kodonga ngeefoto. Ngoku nefomati ye-Amateur ifumene imifanekiso esemgangathweni ephezulu. Ngokwahlukileyo kwipeyinti, ifotoDcore ifuna phantse akukho nto inyanzelekileyo kwaye ngoyilo olunobuchule luya kulunga nangaliphi na ixesha elingaphakathi - ukusuka kwi-neoclassis ukuya kwi-minicism. Nangona kunjalo, akukho mfuneko yokutsala yonke isakhelo esiphumeleleyo eludongeni: Iifoto ezibambeleyo kwindima ye-eatic kufuneka zidityaniswe ngesihloko esiqhelekileyo:
- Imihlaba namaxesha;
- Iifoto zomntu omnye kwimifanekiso eyahlukeneyo;
- Izinto zokuzonwabisa kunye nezinto onomdla kuzo;
- ibali lothando;
- umthi wosapho;
- imihla ebalulekileyo;
- abantwana;
- izilwanyana;
- Hambo, njl.
Umqolo obonakalayo ukhethiwe, kuthathelwa ingqalelo umxholo wengaphakathi kunye nendawo oya kuyo igumbi. Iifreyimu zothando zikhangeleka zintle kwigumbi lokulala, kodwa kwigumbi lokuhlala nangakumbi eofisini abayiyo indawo. Iifoto ze-Vintage azidityaniswanga kunye ne-aesthetics ye-teeting ye-teetric, kunye nemimandla emihle ye-panomic ayivakali ngokupheleleyo kwikhitshi elincinci kwiKHrushchev.
Abantwana Bakhuthaze abazali: Imizobo emnandi evela kubomi bosapho oluselula kwi-DoWor
Iifoto zabathandi basekhaya ziya kwenza i-Ofisi yeSebekisi imnandi ngakumbi kwaye ipholile
Izinto zokuzonwabisa zabanini-omnye umthombo wemibono yoqobo ye-DoWor
Imigaqo yeMithetho esisiseko
Ukuzigqibela okuphelileyo iifoto, setha ugxininiso ngokuchanekileyo. Iifoto zeqela ngokwemigaqo yokuqulunqwa kobugcisa, usebenzisa isikimu sodonga lwe-Deccor Decor-kwaye awuyi kuphulukana!
Kuyilo lweefoto ezizodwa, kulisiko ukuqhubeka kumbala kunye nokuma kwesiseko. Uluhlu lwemifanekiso yemifanekiso epheleleyo, igxile kuzo zonke malunga nokwahlukileyo, okanye kumgaqo wokuvumelana. Qiniseka ukuba wenze ukulungiswa ekusebenzeni nasekuhambeni kwegumbi: Imibala eqaqambileyo kunye nokudibanisa igumbi lokuhlala lolutsha, kwaye kungcono ukukhetha uluhlu oluhlaziyiweyo lwegumbi lokulala kunye neofisi yomsebenzi. Kuyilo lwe-nursery kuyacetyiswa ukuba isebenzise iitoni ezichwayitisayo. I-thus ezimdaka ngokungekho semvelwano zivuya kakhulu yinkqubo ye-nervay ye-nervais, iikoppres kunye ne-hysterics zivuthuza.
Iipowusta kwi-lacoven frenes zikhethwe kwiindonga ezinetrikhi ebhaliweyo
Indibaniselwano enesitayile yokwahlukanisa kunye ne-thusnating shades: Umsebenzi wefotoselar martina o osters ngaphakathi
Ukucaciswa kodonga kubeka imigca yeshishini
Ukufota kwimvelaphi engafaniyo kunika umbono wemodeli ye-hypnotic
I-Sepia - umphefumlo we-Tero-Wey!
Iifoto ezinkulu ezinkulu zilula ukuya kwindawo ethe tyaba. Indawo yokuhlala ethe nkqo Imifanekiso ijongeka ilungile kumagumbi anemirhumo ephezulu - ukusuka kwiimitha ezintathu nangaphezulu. Umgaqo ophambili wokuhlonela amaqela ugxile kumbukeli weyona ngcinga iphambili yokwakhiwa. Khetha into ephambili ekukhetheni ifoto, apho ezinye iifoto ziya kuba khona - ngasekunene nangasekhohlo, kwicala elingaphezulu okanye ezantsi okanye kwicala elijikelezileyo. Izikim ezinzima ngakumbi zakhiwe ngokudibanisa iifimpuphu zobukhulu obahlukeneyo kunye neefom kunye nokujika kweefoto ezixande kwii-angles ezahlukeneyo.
Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe i-drill, sketch yenkqubo yokubeka imifanekiso ephepheni ukwenza utshintsho olunexesha elifanelekileyo kwaye akwenzi imingxunya eyongezelelweyo eludongeni.
Akukho mfuneko yokuba uguqule eyona foto inkulu kwiziko le-semantic lokuqulunqwa: ayibalulekanga, kodwa intetho echanekileyo yokucinga. Imizobo encinci ye-lyrical ijongeka ngathi inomtsalane kwifreyimu yeefoto ezinesifo somfanekiso kwi-odolo yobukhulu obandayo.
Indawo ye-Asymmetric yeefoto iphucula amanqaku okuziphilisa kunye nokukhululeka kuyilo lwangaphakathi. Ndifuna izinto zokusebenzela kunye noxinzelelo-beka umfanekiso omkhulu ngasekhohlo okanye ngasekunene komqolo, kwaye emva kwayo kukho imigca emibini okanye emithathu yeefoto ebhedini.
Ulungelelwaniso lweClassic ukhuthaza imvakalelo yokuvumelana noxolo
Ungqiniso oluphakamileyo
Ukudityaniswa kwamaqela emifanekiso yosapho ngeenxa zonke kwifestile-yokwamkelwa kwentsusa
Iziko lokuqulunqwa lungabi yifoto kuphela, kodwa nayo nayiphi na into eqaqambileyo!
Ulungelelwaniso olunzima lwendawo yokutyela yendawo yokutyela - ubungakanani, ubume kunye ne-scheme yenkqubo yemibala yenza i-symphony yodwa
I-Asymmetric Guqula igumbi lokulala: Indawo engenanto ngaphezulu kwe-headboard ishiya intsimi ye-ponday
Iifoto ziyingenelo ukubeka kwiindawo ezihlala kuzo, ezihlala zihlala zehla:
- Kwigumbi lokuhlala ngaphezulu kwesofa okanye phakathi kwezihlalo ezingalo;
- eofisini phezu kwedesika;
- ekhitshini kwindawo yokutyela;
- kwishelufu yomlilo okanye kumbhobho;
- ngaphezulu kwamanyathelo e-sterirs;
- Kwigumbi lokulala ngaphezulu kwe-headli okanye ngaphezulu kwethebhu, kwindawo yokuzonwabisa.
Iifoto zobukhulu obukhulu ziyacetyiswa ukuba zibekwe encotsheni yodonga, kunye neefoto ezincinci - ezantsi: baya kuthi balunge ngakumbi. Eyona nto ifanelekileyo yindawo yendawo yodonga kumgca wokubona umntu ohleli phantsi-kwindawo eyi-1.5 ngaphezulu kwenqanaba lomgangatho.
Ukuze imifanekiso ayibhalisi, gcina umgama phakathi kwemifanekiso ubuncinci i-3-4 cm. Ukuba unqwenela ukubeka i-Comple Collage Collage okanye ifoto yedwa kwindawo yokuzonwabisa okanye kwikona ethambileyo, ukubala i-30 cm ukusuka kwibhedi kwaye Eyona ndlu iphezulu yesofa - emva koko ifenitshala ayizukujonga uphononongo.
I-Laconic yendawo yokuzihlaziya eMonochrome imibala iya kunceda ukuthobela iZen
Igalari yePlairportphoptojini kwigumbi lokutyela eklasini - ihle kwaye inomtsalane
Indawo yoyilo oluhle kwi-ministlist isitayile: Ifoto yangasemva ixhasa i-act eluhlaza kwi-coupling yesofa
Ifoto ye-monochrome ye-phypt ye-ron-i-initnet yembono kwi-Laconinavian Ingaphakathi
YEZIGANEKO ZOKUPHUNYEZWA KOKUFAKWA KWESICWANGCISO SE-PARS UKUKHUSELEKA KWISITHUTHA KWISITHUBA SOKUGQIBELA!
I-10 efanelekileyo yesikimu semifanekiso yeefoto zobukhulu obahlukeneyo
I-Photo Indawo Shedme
Ijongeka njani eludongeni
I-Photo Indawo Shedme
Ijongeka njani eludongeni
I-Photo Indawo Shedme
Ijongeka njani eludongeni
I-Photo Indawo Shedme
Ijongeka njani eludongeni
I-Photo Indawo Shedme
Ijongeka njani eludongeni
I-Photo Indawo Shedme
Ijongeka njani eludongeni
I-Photo Indawo Shedme
Ijongeka njani eludongeni
I-Photo Indawo Shedme
Ijongeka njani eludongeni
I-Photo Indawo Shedme
Ijongeka njani eludongeni
I-Photo Indawo Shedme
Ijongeka njani eludongeni
I-collage yeefoto eludongeni yenza ngokwakho
Iifoto ezinxulumene neyelenqe eliqhelekileyo linokudityaniswa kwikholaji, zibeka imifanekiso eliqela kwisikhelo esinye okanye kwi-canvase enye. Kwakhona, indima ye-Binder inokuba sisiqubulo okanye isitikha esinamatyala ngokungathathi cala, ibekwe ngaphezulu kobume. Ukuba unqwenela, ikhogini ingaguqulwa ibe ludonga oluqingqiweyo- iya kuba yinto efanelekileyo kubafoti kwivenkile. Xa endaweni yelizwe le-lobe yomhlaba, umfanekiso ozele ngentsingiselo yamkelwe, ungathi ngokuzithemba ukuba usekhaya!
Ingcuka ayimfuneko ukuba ibe semfanekisweni yesayizi efanayo, uhlobo kunye nesitayile. Ukunika abantetho, kuhle imifanekiso yabantu nezilwanyana ezinemihlaba kwaye iphakame. Imifanekiso egcweleyo icetyiswa ukuba ibe ngumthunzi kunye ne-monochrome kunye ne-sepams, kwaye kukho izakhelo ezilayishwe kakuhle imifanekiso enesiseko sendawo yasimahla. Ngamanye amaxesha kunokwenzeka ukuba ubeke ifoto ngokuchasene nemvelaphi yokuhonjiswa kwe-Wallpaper okanye iphaneli, iphephandaba, igrafu kunye neeprinta zejometri. Akukho kuphelelwa linye, ukuba mhle kakhulu ukucwangcisa kwaye uhombise udonga ngeefoto - ezona zisombululo ziphumeleleyo zihlala zifunyaniswa ukuba zivavanye!
Ukudityaniswa kweefoto ezinemifanekiso emnyama nemhlophe ifana nokumanyanisa kokukhanya kunye nesithunzi
I-Collage kunye nokuhonjiswa kwentyatyambo ivela i-clim
Ubume befom bunokubakho. Beka iipateni zejometri ezivela kumjikelo, isikwere, iifoto zehotele enxaxhileyo ezindongeni, enesigqi esinye-sijika ipuzzle yepeyinti. I-Symmetric Graibs Collages ilungele ukusebenzisa xa uyila iikona. Into yokuqala eyenzekayo engqondweni yintliziyo okanye ibhabhathane, kodwa ungaza ne-therlygonal ye-polygonaal yepolygonal okanye ihombo elihonjisiweyo kwisitayile se-celtic.
Iipleyiti zokuhlobisa-zongezo lweefoto ezimnyama nezimhlophe kwingaphakathi le-vintage
Ifoto yomosaic kwi-Tripthe: Isicwangciso sokuqala kunye nentsebenzo eqaqambileyo!
Umzobo wefoto ye-collage-isisombululo esihle sengxaki yamabala amhlophe kwindawo yangaphakathi
Iingcamango zangoku ezine-3D ze-3D
Kwimikhombandlela evuthiweyo, iifoto zidityanisiwe ngezinto ze-DECORD. Sizisa ingqalelo yakho kwezona ndlela zithandwayo.
- Umthi onemifanekiso kumasebe ngamasebe - umbono omkhulu weefoto ezitshatileyo. Isiqu ngamasebe sinokutsalwa okanye sisebenzise izincamathelisi ze-vinyl.
- Isisombululo esinye kukubeka imifanekiso esihlobo esisondeleyo kunye nezazi ezikude zibe yigridi yehotele yokuhombisa kwaye ichonge imikhwa ehambelana nayo ngentambo ejijekileyo ejijekileyo: amaqabane omnye - yabantwana, owesithathu kubazalwana kwaye Oodade.
- Ukuhombisa iifoto zodonga - umahluko obuhle kwisihloko sexesha. Beka amanani kwiifoto zedayini zomntwana wakho okanye izalamane eziphezulu ngexesha elahlukileyo lobomi okanye iindawo zenqanaba lexesha elithile zifihlwe kwiinyanga ezahlukeneyo zonyaka. Unokuthenga umsebenzi wewotshi kwivenkile ye-Decor kwaye wakhe i-Dandes kwiifoto. Ifoto yobukhulu obukhulu ngokuchasene namanani "3", "6", "," 9 "" kunye nefoto zincinci - zakhankanya amanye amanani.
- Uyilo lwangaphakathi kwisitayile sobugcisa be-pop kwaye sangokuhlwa uvumela ukusetyenziswa kwamanani, iileta, imibhalo kunye neelogo kwi collages. Ukuwa kwifoto yomntwana okanye intombi kwimiqolo eliqela, kwaye embindini okanye emphethweni, faka ileta enkulu apho igama lomntwana liqale khona i-fat Umsebenzi womtshato.
- Kumagumbi okulala yabantwana kunye nee-Studios zolutsha, iifoto zifakwe ngqo kwimibhalo yodonga. I-contours yoonobumba, amanani kunye nabanye oonobumba basetyenziswa kwikhadibhodi emnyama, emva koko banqumle imifanekiso enqwenelekayo sisitshixo sendawo yokubhala kwaye sibekwe ngasemva kwesiseko sekhadibhodi.
- Ukutshintsha kweefoto ngenkqubo-sikhokelo engenanto - isabelo esiqhelekileyo sokuhonjiswa kwee-vintage ngokusekwe kwiziphumo zolindelo olukhohlisiweyo. Ukulandelelana ngequbuliso kuyaphula imeko imeko enomdla.
Uyilo lwe-collage kufuneka lunxibelelane nempahla yegumbi. Imilo efanelekileyo yejometri yenza imbeko yabalimi abangqongqo befuthe elinamandla le-teknoloji, ubuncinci okanye i-neoclassics. I-Asymmetric I-Assications ijongeka ngempumelelo kubantu abaThengi abanamhlanje, kwaye imigca enesijikelezi ejikelezileyo ifakwe kwimo enqwenelekayo ye-Entiction yeMihla ngemihla, i-Ethics kunye ne-boho.
Ukuchazwa kodonga ngeefoto ngaphakathi
Ifoto okanye ikholeji kwindima yeecoci zokuhlobisa kufuneka ihlulwe kwimvelaphi yendawo engqongileyo. Eyona ndlela ilula yokugxininisa imeko ekhethekileyo ye-DECOR ngoncedo lwezakhelo-inika ubume ekugqibeleleni. Ukuze ibala lemibala elinesitayile aliguqukeli kwi-Belmo elicaphukisayo, thatha umxholo kunye nokuyilwa kwesakhelo kwindalo esingqongileyo.
- Umthi unxulunyaniswa ne-classics, i-retro kunye nelizwe. Ukukhetha ubunzima: i-varnish, ukuqhuba kunye nokudakumba-kwizitayile ezinkulu zebhotwe, umphezulu we-rustic - ubuzwe kunye nabaqeshisi behlanga kunye nelali. Umthi opeyintiweyo, ukuthoba amaxesha ngamaxesha, ubekwe kwimbono yesitayile sokungqina kunye nezinye izikhombisi ze-vintage kunye negumbi lokulala le-vintage, kwaye akukho ndoda yegumbi lokulala ngentloko ye-Shebbi-chic.
- I-Polyurrethane kunye nezinye iiplasitiki- uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lokutshintshwa kweenkuni kunye neentsimbi ezixabisekileyo. Inkqubo-sikhokelo yePolymer ixhathisa ngakumbi kwi-rayisi yobushushu, ukuguquguquka kwemitha ye-UV. Iifreyimu zeplastiki zokushicilela kwifoto zivelisa umbono oqinileyo: umfanekiso osemfanekisweni sisiqalo sokuqala sosulelo!
- I-Aluminium kunye ne-alfain engenanto yeyona ntlobo ifanelekileyo kwiifoto ezimnyama nezimhlophe. Kwindlela yokunxulumana nobunzima bemithunzi ye-fure-grey, mhlawumbi ithoni ethembekileyo. Izikhokelo zensimbi ziyahlukana nemithwalo ephezulu kwaye zihambelana ngokuchanekileyo kwi-Laconic Aesthetics yeZitayile zeTekhnoloji ephezulu kunye neMilinganiselo eyakhayo.
Iifoto zobungcali azicebisi ukubeka iifoto kwisakhelo esineglasi ekhuthazayo, ephosa imibala yelitha, ilahlekile kwaye ayivumeli ukuba iqwalasele umfanekiso kuzo zonke iinkcukacha. Ukukhusela iifoto kumonakalo, kungcono ukusebenzisa iglasi ye-organic engathangayo kunye ne-familter ye-UV.
Iifreyimu ze-Woodmade ze-Woodmade zenza imbeko ingaphakathi kwi-Eco-sy
Izakhelo zePolymer ngokuxelisa intambo kunye ne-biling-umdlalo ohlekisayo mandulo
Umsebenzi ovulekileyo ovela kwi-vinyl yongeza uNothando kunye nesisa
Izilali zensimbi endaweni yefreyimu yefoto-Fumana i-onutal loft
Umbala wesakhelo sefoto akufuneki udibanise nomfanekiso. Ngaphandle koko, ukhetho lwemithunzi alunakulinganiselwa: wamkelekile zombini izisombululo. Njengommiselo, isakhelo esikhanyayo sisetyenziswa kwimikhombandlela ye-Avar-cedie yendlela yokuyila ngaphakathi kunye noyilo lwendawo yabantwana, xa kufuneka lenze imvakalelo yokuphila kunye noZador. Kuyilo lweefoto ezincinci, ezimhlophe kunye nemibala enombala isetyenzisiwe.
Gcina iinkumbulo eziqaqambileyo kwisakhelo esikhanyayo!
I-dugh engqongqo nemhlophe yeFoto Frames kunye ne-Disccoct Houlipped zodonga
Indlela yokudlula ekhanyayo igxininisa ukubonakaliswa kweefoto ezimnyama nezimhlophe
UTSHINTSHO LWEZOQOQOSHO KUNYE NOKUGCINWA KWEXESHA LENXALENTO
Ngaphakathi kokwenziwa komsebenzi, ukusetyenziswa kweefoto zefoto zobukhulu obahlukeneyo kunye nobubanzi obuvunyelweyo, kodwa kungcono ukudibanisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nokutshekisha. Inkqubo-sikhokelo ye-Rustic ixhaswe ngcono nge-DECOR ye-ITOR-kulapho i-versiver engabonakaliyo yendalo evulekileyo! I-Inlewoman enamava ayizukuba nzima ukubetha umgca wekhola. I-Lace, iMactome, iintyatyambo ezenziwe ngephepha kunye nodongwe lwePolymer, ubuhlalu, ii-pebles, uMosaic kunye neMifanekiso ekuthatheni ingqalelo kwimifanekiso ephumeleleyo. Iifoto zeholide ezivela kwiilwandle ezisemazantsi zihonjiswe ngegobolondo, i-Starfish kunye ne-Visies Exection, kunye ne-Gices i-Gep kunye neGip-chig "ifoto yenkampani avah.
- Kwifoto kwiNkqubo-sikhokelo ejikelezileyo, kubalulekile ukuba ukhethe ngokuchanekileyo i-engile yokukhanya, ukuze imiphetho ye-Fraing ayilahli isithunzi kumfanekiso.
- Iifoto ezihonjiswe izitepsi, iipaseji kunye ne-lobby, zijongeka ngokubonakalayo kwifreyimu ephindwe kabini. Uninzi lwezakhelo ezimbini ngokuzimeleyo: Buyela kwifom yesiqhelo yefoto nge-5 ukuya kwezi-10 cm kwaye uyithathe malunga ne-perimeter nge-vinyl okanye i-polysurethane.
- Imifanekiso emiselweyo enkulu kunye neefoto kwimifanekiso enkulu ayinakuba ixhonywa, kodwa ibeke phantsi, ixhomekeke eludongeni- kudala umoya ohlaziyiweyo olawula i-strantmarte.
- Iifoto zomhlaba zibekwe kwifreyimu ezikhanyayo ezikhanyayo zokwenza isiphumo sePanomic.
- Ukutshintsha isiseko sekhadibhodi kwiphepha lesibini leglasi kudala ukukhohlisa kwevolumu.
Iindlela ezingezo meko zokwenza imifanekiso
Iifreyimu kunye ne-baguette ayisiyiyo kuphela ukhetho lokuphuma kwiifoto ezindongeni. Uyilo lweefoto eludongeni ngeentambo zokuhombisa, iiribhoni kunye ne-wine zisenziwa ngokubanzi. I-lace okanye i-braid ibotshelelwe yindawo yokuhamba imiqadi okanye intambo yolulwe eludongeni, kwaye umphetho wasimahla ujijekile ngasemva kwefoto.
Unokuncamathisela iifoto kwintambo, ii-wire okanye iidreyini zombane zisebenzisa i-Dotostins kunye neehirrobe zewadi.
Kwi-loftts kukho iifoto kumiswaniso ngendlela yemixokelelwane. Kwi-rustic, i-rustic kunye ne-EO-ERORS, isiseko sokuqinisa i-Dedoring Decor sisebenzela amasebe owomileyo, iingcambu kunye nokufika kweefom ze-bubreare.
Iifoto ezihambayo kwiintambo - ukuvela kweemvakalelo ezintle!
Iinkumbulo zendlu epholileyo zeebhodi ze-rustic - i-idylly ye-idyll yelizwe
Iifoto kwisebe-Ukuchukumisa umanyano lwendalo kunye netekhnoloji
Ifoto evela kwiholide kwi-Grill yombane ihlala iqaqambe ulonwabo kunye nolonwabo!
I-vinyl sticks kunye nokubumba kwiPolyurethane xelisa iifreyimu ezivulekileyo kunye nokuhlaziya kwimfuno yokuqhuba iindonga. Nangona kunjalo, khumbula ukuba ukususa ifoto eludongeni ngaphandle kokucamukiswa komfanekiso, kunokubakho, kunokwenzeka, ukuba kunokwenzeka, ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba baxhase iifoto zeefoto. Kumagumbi anemifanekiso ye-stucco ikhutshelwe kububunjini, kwaye kumaqabane ale mibini - kwiiracks kunye neeshelfu ezivulekileyo.
Iishelufu ngamaplanga zidlala ngokulandelelana kweefoto zosapho
Thelekisa iifoto zokukhanya kwiingcaciso ezivulekileyo ziya kwenza udonga olumnyama
Ifoto-enye yezixhobo ezivakalayo ezandleni zomyili. Iifoto zisinceda ukuba siveze iimvakalelo zethu kunye neengcinga zethu kwimifanekiso yobugcisa kwaye zigcine inkumbulo yamaxesha abiza kakhulu. Amandla omlingo agcwalisa amagumbi avela kumabali osapho, athambe i-inderes yekhaya anokukhululeka ngaphakathi kunye ne-charsma enokuyifumana.