Uphahla yeyona nto ibalulekileyo yendlu yeNdlu, kwiindlela ezininzi ezichaza ukubonakala kwayo. Kumawaka eminyaka upasisele indlela ende kwaye ayaqhubeka nokutshintsha, ukulandela itekhnoloji entsha kunye neendlela zefashoni. Ke, zeziphi izinto ezinokwabelwa namhlanje ukuba ziloyise eluphahleni kunye nokukhetha izinto zophahla?
1. Ubume bophahla lwantlandlolo olungelulo
Ngamashumi nje ambalwa eminyaka eyadlulayo, abaphuhlisi babucala benxalenye ininzi banyanzelwa ukuba banciphise umoya olula wethu. Namhlanje yonke into inokwenzeka. Ukuphuhliswa kweTekhnoloji kunye nezixhobo zenze ukuba kwenzeke ukuba wenze ezona zinto zinzima zinokumangalisa nokubanjwa komthengi.
Izinketho-Iseti enkulu. Umzekelo, uphahla lwenqanaba lamanqanaba amaninzi, olungenasiketi kwisiketi, kodwa senze isakhiwo esaphukileyo. Ukuba indlu inemilo ebuhlungu, inokuhonjiswa ngenkqubo ye-solry yelayini yelayini, eyindibaniselwano ye-aunces yeqela elithile (i-napts). Uphahla lwenqanaba lamanqanaba amaninzi lusebenzisa phando lwezinto ezininzi kwizindlu.
Kodwa, thanda uphando ngoMyili, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuba kunzima uphahla ngophahla ukuba kuyabiza kakhulu. Ukongeza, ubalo lwe-bizarre "ye-Bizarre" kwiNdlu kufuna iziqinisekiso ze-ARTEFT. Ukuba wenze iimpazamo, umzekelo, ekuzimiseleni ii-engles zethambeka, ikhephu kunye namanzi emvula aya kulibaziseka eluphahleni, olwenziwe ngokuvuza.
Ifoto: Tehtonol
Ifoto: Tehtonol
Ifoto: Tehtonol
2. Uphahla lwemoto olunye
Phezu kweendonga zezinto ezincinci zelizwe elincinci, izindlu zohlahlo-lwabiwo mali, uphahla olunamacala odwa luye luphakanyisiwe - iinqwelomoya ezilele eludongeni eziphakamileyo. Eyona nto iphambili yophahla olunje ngolona xabiso liphantsi. Uyilo ngokulula, izixhobo ziya kushiya kancinane, kwaye ubunzima boyilo buya kuba buncinci, eziya kuthi zigcine nakwisiseko. Kodwa kufanele ukuba kukhathazeke ukuba indawo ye-attic phantsi kophahla olunjalo iya kuxhomekeka ngqo kubude obuqilima, okuthetha ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuba basondele ubume bayo ngononophelo olukhethekileyo.
Ifoto: Tehtonol
Ifoto: Tehtonol
3. Uphahla lwe-Duex lokutyibilika kwamaplanga
Ngaphandle kwento yokuba i-Arhentecs inokuthi inikezele eluphahleni lwefomu engaqhelekanga, amagqabantshintshi ayizinikezeli kwizikhundla zabo ngenxa yokuphucula. Oku kungqinwe kwinkulungwane, ukuqulunqwa okusebenzayo kwakuphakama kwaye kuhlala kuyinto ethandwa kakhulu kwicandelo lesakhiwo sendlu.
Ifoto: Tehtonol
Ifoto: Tehtonol
4. Uphahla lwe-Asymmetric
Nditsho nophahla olulula lunika i-fantasy. Umzekelo, unokwenza i-rodmmetric ye-rodmmetric ngokongeza indlu yemvelaphi. Isisombululo esinjalo phantsi kwegama elihlekisayo "Solonka" lavela eUnited States. Abahlali bokuqala badalela izindlu zexeshana, emva koko bamgqibisela, "banda" indlu eyayifuneka apho yayiyimfuneko. Ke imfashini ivele kwisketi yemide eyahlukileyo, eyasifumanayo.
Ifoto: Tehtonol
Ifoto: Tehtonol
Ifoto: Tehtonol
5. Uphahla oluhlaza
Kwisakhiwo esibizwa ngokuba se-ERO, sijolise kubuhlobo obude bokusingqongileyo bezinto zokwakha, "eluhlaza" oluhlaza "lufumaneka ngakumbi. Umphezulu wethambeka ulala nomhlaba watyalwa kuyo ingca, isihlahla esisezantsi, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha imithi. Esi siko livela eNorway. Ukuphahla kophahla akuhoyanga indlu, kodwa ikwasebenza njenge-louriguator egqibeleleyo, ethi, enyanisweni iyenza ithandwa kumazwe anemozulu ebandayo.
Ifoto: Tehtonol
Ifoto: Tehtonol
Ifoto: Tehtonol
6. Uphahla oluninzi
Uluhlu olubanzi lwezixhobo zophahla luvumela ukuba "utye" ezona patheni ezingaqhelekanga eluphahleni. Ukudibanisa i-tule yemibala eyahlukeneyo kunye nemithunzi, unokudala iipaneli eziqaqambileyo ze-mosaic kwiintonga. Ithayile eguqukayo ibonisa apha. Kodwa kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba ungalibali malunga nencam elungileyo kunye nemvakalelo yomlinganiso. Uphahla lwe-pice ping akufuneki lutsala ingqalelo enkulu. Kuyimfuneko ukuba udibane ngokuvisisana nobabini ngamaqula lendlu kunye nembonakalo ejikelezileyo.
Ifoto: Tehtonol
Ifoto: Tehtonol
Ifoto: Tehtonol
7. Uphahla njengento ebonisa izithethe zendalo zesizwe
Kumazwe awahlukeneyo, iikhrayitheriya zobuhle zahluke ngokupheleleyo, kwaye into ethathwa njengengamkelekanga kuthi ayimkelekanga, yithi, kumazwe ase-East Asia. Kumtya ophakathi waseRussia, uphahla oluphezulu oluphezulu lubonakaliswa. Ezo zinto ziyinto enjalo ayikhange ibukeke intle, kodwa ikhusele indlu kakuhle. Nge-SEEP ye-SEEP, ikhephu lihamba ngokulula, kwaye kwizibane apho ubusika bungaqhubeka ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezintandathu, oku kubaluleke ngakumbi.
Ifoto: Tehtonol
Ifoto: Tehtonol
Ifoto: Tehtonol
8. Ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwakhona kunye nokwakhiwa kweetempile ngophahla oluguqukayo
Njengophahla oluhlekisayo lweecawa zaseRussia, iTile, ayinamagqabi okanye iqhinga, zihlala zikhethwe. Ngaphambili, sasisebenzisa ikakhulu i-shingles kunye ne-ginsing, ngoku i-theumen ye-bile ye-bile eguqukayo ifumaneka kwi-domes yeecawe.
Ifoto: Tehtonol
Ifoto: Tehtonol
Ifoto: Tehtonol
9. Thelekisa indibaniselwano yophahla kunye ne-facide
Xa ukhetha isisombululo esinemibala kumabala kunye nophahla Zimbini iindlela eziphambili-indibaniselwano yemibala emibini enomsindo kunye namachasi ochaseneyo. Inketho yesibini namhlanje ikwifashini. Ukukhetha iindonga ezikhanyayo kuphahla olumnyama kunye ne-Vice vice, unokugxininisa ngokupheleleyo iimpawu zendlu.
Ifoto: Tehtonol
Ifoto: Tehtonol
Ifoto: Tehtonol
10. Uphahla olumnyama
Ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga uyilo, uphahla olumnyama sisisombululo se-Win-Win. Kudityaniswa kakuhle kunye nemibala yemibala kunye nemithunzi. Ukongeza, izixhobo ezimnyama zophahla zigxininisa ukuba uyilo lophahla, "udwelise" ngokuchasene nesibhakabhaka i-silhouette ecacileyo, ke ihlala isetyenziswa xa uyilo lunefom enzima.
Ifoto: Tehtonol
Ifoto: Tehtonol
Ifoto: Tehtonol
11. Uphahla olujikelezileyo
Ukubonakala kweethayile eziguquguqukayo, kuthathe ngokulula ifom eyimfuneko, yanika i-pulser ukuya kuphuhliso lwe-spherical, i-hemispherical kunye versicals, ejongeka ingaqhelekanga kwaye ihlala ikhawuleza. Kodwa kukho uyilo lolu hlobo kunye nelungelo elibalulekileyo-akukho mfuneko yokuba lolona moya unamandla. INdlu ephantsi kwedome ye-doyi inokuthi ide ihlale kwinkanyamba.
Ifoto: Tehtonol
Ifoto: Tehtonol
Ifoto: Tehtonol
12. Inkqubo ebanzi yokwakha uyilo
Kumsebenzi wezolimo namhlanje, indlela ebanzi yeprojekthi ibaluleke ngakumbi. Kwaye indlu, kwaye uphahla kufuneka luviswene omnye komnye, ukuba lugcweleyo ngokupheleleyo. Ewe kunjalo, ukuba ukwakhiwa kuyakonwabela iliso, kufuneka ungene kuyo kwimbonakalo ejikelezileyo, ugxininisa ubuhle bakhe.
Ifoto: Tehtonol
Ifoto: Tehtonol
Ifoto: Tehtonol
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uphahla oluxhaphazekileyo luya luhlala ngakumbi. Uyilo lwabo lwanamhlanje kunye neemfuno zabanini bamakhaya afuna ukusebenzisa ngokugqibeleleyo "kwisihlanu se-wideth". Inxalenye yobume beprojekthi kule meko iya kwimvelaphi, ivelise indawo yokusebenza. Nangona kunjalo, olu kuphahla lunokufuduswa ngezixhobo zokugqiba eziphephekileyo zokugqiba: Ikhaphethi eluhlaza kwingca, i-spings, amatye anesitovu kunye neethayile zeTyente.
Inzuzo yophahla olusebenzayo olusebenzayo lubandakanya kuphela ngokusetyenziswa kwendawo elungileyo. Inkqubo yokuqhutywa kwesandla iya kudlula ngaphakathi endlwini, kwaye ke akuyimfuneko ukonakalisa imbonakalo yamabala emibhobho.
Njengophahla oluhlekisayo lwezindlu zelizwe zabucala, ibhodi eqhelekileyo eqhelekileyo ihlala isetyenziswa, yeza kutshintsha i-creak yemveli. Ukuba i-Duranka ingathethi ikhaphethi yanamhlanje yophahla, emva koko phantsi kwebhodi Unokwenza uphahla lwe-upop "esebenzisa i-membranes yetekhnoloji, eya kuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kunye noyilo olungelolo.
Kwaye kunjalo, i-tumimous tile ithandwa kakhulu. Izibonelelo zayo eziphambili zixabiso eliphantsi kunye nokuguquguquka okuvumela ukuba ugqibezele uphahla lweendlela ezinzima. Ukongeza, ezi zixhobo ziphuhlisa ngenkuthalo, zisiba gwenxa kwaye ziphezulu.
I-DMMMIY GISHKOV
I-Arkitect, ayigcinile i-boriteral Bureau Dmimry Grbova