Ngengxaki yokungabuyi, ityala elijamelene nalo, ngelishwa, abaninzi. Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba imali ithathiwe "ngelo xesha" kunye "nabanye abantu" ngokukhawuleza zikhawuleza ziziya zawo. Sixela malunga neendlela zomthetho zokukhusela ababolekisi.
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Ukuba ityala alingxami ukubuyela imali, kuya kufuneka uzame ukuyiphembelela ngokumthumela izinto ezibhaliweyo (ibango elisenziwa ngokufanelekileyo). Kwimeko yokuba ibango lihlala lingabi nakuthando, umbolekisi uhlala kuphela ukuya enkundleni.
Irisithi
Umthetho waseRussia uvumela ukubakho kokudlulisela imali phakathi kwabantu kwirisithi ngokungqinelana nobugcisa. Ikhowudi ye-808 yekhowudi yeRussian Federation.
Irisithi luxwebhu olunikiweyo ukuqinisekisa isivumelwano semali mboleko, kodwa ayithathi indawo. Nangona kunjalo, ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe: ukuze iqinisekise inyani yokudlulisela imali kumbolekisi ngumbolekisi, ocacileyo ocacileyo wokufumana.
Oku kulandelayo kubonisa:
- F. i. o. Umtyala okanye umbolekisi;
- Umhla wokuzalwa;
- Idatha kuxwebhu oqinisekisiweyo;
- Ubhaliso kunye neendawo zokuhlala;
- isixa setyala (ngamanani nangamagama);
- Ukuba imali inikwa ityala lemali yangaphandle, sicebisa ukuba sichaze ireyithi yotshintshiselwano kumhla wemali mboleko (oku kuya kukuthintela ukungaqondani kunye nokwenza lula ubomi bomntu obolekayo);
- Ukuba imali inikezwe kwityala phantsi kwenzala, kufuneka icaciswe;
- Ixesha lokubuyiselwa kwemali (umhla ochanekileyo);
- Umhla wokulungiselela amaxwebhu;
- Ukutyikitywa kombolekisi (kuya kufuneka uthelekise utyikityo lobolekayo kwirisithi kunye nepasipoti).
Irisithi ehonjisiweyo ngokubhala ngokulula inokuqinisekiswa ngu-Oriry.
Ukuba lixesha lomhla obekiweyo kwi-Ready, umntu onetyala akazange abuyisele imali (okanye akaceli ukuhlehliswa okanye ukufakelwa kwentlawulo), kuyimfuneko ukumthumela imfuno ebhaliweyo. Ukuthumela kubanikazi kufuneka ukuba ba-odolwe ngezaziso zeleta.
Emva kweentsuku ezingama-30 ukusuka kumzuzu wenkcazo, imfuneko kufuneka ithunyelwe ngulowo unetyala ingongo elibhaliweyo apho iziphumo zokungahlawulwa kwetyala ziya kuboniswa. Imiphumo enjalo, inokubandakanya isibongozo kwinkundla yamatyala.
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Umda weXesha lokuBhengeza kwiNkundla
Ummiselo wothintelo kwinkundla yiminyaka emi-3 ukusukela umsebenzi oqikelelweyo wembuyekezo yetyala elichazwe kulungiselelo lwerisithi.Ukuba umhla awuchazwanga kwirisithi, ke ixesha liqala emva kweentsuku ezingama-30 ukusuka kumzuzu oyifunayo imali. Ke ngoko, ukuba imfuneko yokuba unetyala ayithinteli umbolekisi, emva koko ummiselo woMda akaqalisi.
Nceda uqaphele: Kwiimeko ezizodwa, iKhowudi ye-Proder Forderation isivumela ukuba sandise ixesha lokuphela. Isizathu sokuba umbolekisi akanakukwazi ukusebenzisa ilungelo lakhe lokufaka kwiNkundla kufuneka abe yi-wig. Umzekelo, inkundla inokuthatha isigqibo malunga nolwandiso lomda wokuthintelwa ukuba umbulelo uchithe iinyanga ezininzi kwishishini laphesheya okanye laliphiliswa esibhedlele. Ukuba umntu onetyala wafihliwe, esi sisizathu esivakalayo sokwandiswa kommiselo womiselweyo, ngenxa yokuba ayithinteli umfundi ukuba athumele imali ngokubhala imali ngokubhala.
Ukongeza, kunokwenzeka ukuphazamisa ixesha elincinci - umzekelo, ukuba umntu onetyala aqonda amabango omboleki. Qaphela ukuba kwinkundla kuya kuba yimfuneko ukuba ingenise okanye irisithi entsha, okanye impendulo ebhaliweyo kumabango akho, okanye ubungqina obubhaliweyo bamangqina (njengendawo yokugqibela ye-elektroniki), oko kukuthi, uxwebhu oluvela Yeyiphi elandelayo ukuba umntu othile uyabona ubukho bamatyala.
Ukuba awufuni ukuqhagamshelana nenkundla, ungalibuyisela ilungelo lakho lokufuna ityala leqokeleli; Kule meko, emva kokupheliswa kwesivumelwano, umbolekisi uya kufumana inxenye yexabiso, kwaye akasayi kunxibelelana ngakumbi nalowo unetyala okanye aya enkundleni.
Isigqibo sangaphambi kwetyala
I-Arhente yokhuseleko loqoqosho, iiarhente zokufumana kunye nezokhuseleko, kunye nemibutho yokuqokelela ziya kunceda babuyise amatyala kubantu.
Nangona kunjalo, ngaphambi kokuba unxibelelane nabo ngoncedo, kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba basebenza ngezinto zomthetho.
Ukunxibelelana nomnye umntu onetyala, umqokeleli unyanzelekile ukuba azazise kwaye abize inkampani isebenza kuyo, kunye nendawo yawo, kwaye ichaze iimfuno zolo sibophelelo esimele ngalo.
Abaqokeleli banelungelo lokuthetha nothethathethwano kwifowuni, ukubhala nangokobuqu kuphela nge-8: 00 kuphela ngexesha le-veki nange-9: 00 ngeveki kunye neeholide.
Abaqokeleli abanalo ilungelo lokuba netyala ekhaya okanye kwindawo yomsebenzi ngaphandle kwemvume yayo yokuzithandela.
Izilangazelelo zaBantu abaKhwabo, kubaqhaqho zihlala zingachanekanga, zikhusela umthetho wama-3, 2016 Nomb. 230-FZ "-FZ" ekukhuseleni amalungelo abantu ekuphunyezweni kwetyala eligqithisiweyo. "
Xa kungekho zivumelwano zibhaliweyo okanye ezibhaliweyo ngexesha lokubuya kwetyala, ixesha lenkqubo (ixesha lenkqubo (ixesha ngalinye elinokufakwa kwi-AKTAL) libalwa ngeleta ekufuneka lithunyelwe yileta yesiqhelo ngesaziso senkcazo.
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Ungaya njani eNkundla
Ukuya enkundleni, kufuneka wenze ingxelo yebango. Oku kunokwenziwa ngokuzimeleyo, kodwa, njengokuziqhelanisa nemiboniso, kukho amathuba amakhulu esisombululo esifanelekileyo kwabo babolekisi abasebenzisa uncedo lwamagqwetha.Ukukhetha iNkundla (ulawulo ngokubanzi okanye ilizwe) luxhomekeke kwinani lebango. Ungaqhagamshelana neNkundla yeHlabathi ukuba inani letyala alidluli kuma-500 amawaka ruble.
Ibango kufuneka lisetyenziswe kuxwebhu oluqinisekisa ukudluliselwa kwemali ngumbolekisi ngulowo unetyala, kunye nerisithi yokuhlawulwa kwentlawulo yomthetho.
Ukuba ummangalelwa akaphili izibakala ezichazwe kwirisiti, iNkundla kangangeenyanga ezi-3 ithatha isigqibo sokubuyisa imali kunye neepesenti kuyo.
Ukubuyiselwa kwetyala kunokutsalwa ziibhedi, okokuqala ukubanika umntu onetyala lokuhlawula ngokuzithandela, kungenjalo bangena ekubanjweni kwepropathi, bangeniswa izicelo zeeakhawunti zebhanki.
Nceda uqaphele ukuba izinto zingakude nokuhlala zisonjululwe ngokukhawuleza. Kwenzeka ukuba lowo unetyala akakho kwinkundla, ukuqinisa ukuqwalaselwa kwetyala. Kwenzeka ngolu hlobo: Umgxeni ucela umngeni kwirisithi yakhe. Isigqibo senkundla sixhomekeke kubungqina bokudluliselwa kwemali kufumaneka kwimeko. Mhlawumbi kuya kufuneka ukuba unike uviwo olufanelekileyo ukuba, umzekelo, umntu onetyala uya kubhengeza ukuba utyikityo aluyiyo irisithi. Iindleko zokuqhuba uviwo ziya kuthwala umntu onetyala (ukuba ugqiba kwelokuba uyamxhasa).
Kwimeko apho iNkundla ingenise isigqibo esifanelekileyo sokuxhasa umbolekisi, isigqibo sisekwe ekungeneni kwayo. Umbolekisi ufumana uluhlu olulawulayo enkundleni kwaye udlulisela iBaliff yakhe yokuqaliswa kwenkqubo yokunyanzeliswa. Izikhokelo ezinomtsalane Ityala eliqinisekileyo.
Umtyali unelungelo lokuhlawula ngokuzithandela amatyala ngaphakathi kwiintsuku ezintlanu. Okulandelayo kuya kusenziwa amanyathelo anyanzelekileyo. Umlinganiso onjalo usenokuba, umzekelo, ukumiselwa kokubanjwa kwipropathi ekhoyo yetyala.
Ukungqina inyani yokudluliselwa ngumbongo wemali uMbolekisi ngaphandle kwerisithi kunzima, kodwa kunokwenzeka: ukucacisa ukuba ibango, kubalulekile ukuba ulawule bonke ubungqina obukhoyo (ubungqina bomntu onetyala, ubungqina be imali idluliselwa).
Enye into kwibango
Umbolekisi unokufaka isicelo kwiNkundla kungengalo ibango, kodwa ngengxelo yokukhutshwa komyalelo wenkundla, oya kuthi akhutshwe kulowo ufaka isicelo kunye noluhlu olulawulayo. Esi sisiseko sokuqaliswa kwenkqubo yokunyanzeliswa ngamabheyi.
Ukwenza i-odolo yeJaji, umbolekisi uyafuneka namaxwebhu aqhotyoshelwe kuyo eqinisekisa inyani yokudlulisela imali kulowo ubolekayo.
Iinzuzo zoku-odolwa kwezomthetho kukuba ityala aliyi kwenza, ukukhangela kulowo unetyala akuyi kudinga kwaye umnxeba wakhe kwinkundla. Ukongeza, ubungakanani bomsebenzi wombuso kule meko buya kuba ngamaxesha ama-2 ngaphantsi xa ibango lingenisiwe.
Nangona kunjalo, kukwakhona. Umtyali unelungelo lokucela umngeni kumyalelo wokugweba ngaphakathi kwiintsuku ezilishumi emva kokuba kufunyenwe. Kule meko, iodolo iya kurhoxiswa, kodwa oku akupheleli mboleko ilungelo lokufaka kwinkundla yamatyala - ngoku ngesuti.
Ungayinciphisa njani inani lamatyala
Ukucutha inani lamatyala anokuba semthethweni ngokupheleleyo. Oku, ezi zixhobo zemali zilandelayo zinokusetyenziswa.
- Ukuvuselela iMali mboleko (ukufumana enye imali mboleko ukugubungela ubudala kwaye uyilo kwiimeko ezamkelekileyo), olunokufumaneka kuzo zombini kwiBhanki yeBhanki kunye nakwiziko lebhanki lesithathu.
- Uhlengahlengiso lwetyala (utshintsho kwimigaqo yentlawulo yemali mboleko) kwisicelo setyala kunokwenzeka phambi kweemeko zobomi ezinzima, njengokulahleka komsebenzi, ukugula kwexesha elide.
- Ukufumana i-inshurensi phantsi kwesivumelwano semali mboleko (ukufumana isixa se-inshurensi ebonelelwe kwimeko yokulahleka komsebenzi, ukulahleka kokukhubazeka, njl. Njl.), Ukuba kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba kuthatha ixesha ukuqinisekisa amaxwebhu kwaye ukuqokelelwa kweentlawulo).
- Ukubhaliswa kwemali mboleko entsha yokubuyiselwa kwentlawulo yangoku (obolekayo ngaphandle kwebhanki yemali ejongene nemali mboleko entsha ukubuyisa i-wangaphambili).
- Isibheno kubadlali abaviwayo (umbutho owenza wonke umsebenzi ukusombulula imeko kunye nombolekisi kwaye umele iimfuno zomntu ongaphantsi kwenkundla). Ukuze angaze enze umsebenzi kwi-Deedelock yeMali, kuyimfuneko ukuqhubeka kwangoko ukuze usombulule imeko.
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Izohlwayo ngokuchasene nababolekisi
Ukuba linetyala kwaye ukulungisa kuthetha ukuzisindisa ukuba kungenzeka ukuba uye kwelinye ilizwe. Kuba isohlwayo esinjalo sinokuchukumisa ukubuyela ngabemi - umthetho-mthetho obabuyayo amatyala ngexesha (umzekelo, ababhalise kwindawo yokuhlala, kodwa ummi ohlala ngokwamasiko anokufunda ukuba igumbi liqokelele iintlawulo ezihlanganisiweyo).
Umfundi-Abaphathi berhafu, iziko letyala, inkampani yolawulo-zibongoza kwinkundla. Ukuqwalasela isicelo, ijaji inika umyalelo wokugweba wokubuyiselwa kwemali kwaye ithumele kwinkonzo ye-Federal Bailiff, apho kuqaliswa khona imveliso yolawulo. Emva koko, iBailiff inelungelo lokwenza isigqibo malunga nokuvalwa kwethutyana sokuhamba kweRussia Federation, ekufuneka ithunyelwe kulowo unetyala ngeposi okanye ihanjiswa ngokobuqu; Kwangelo xesha, ulwazi ludluliselwa kwi-FSB yenkonzo yomda yaseRussia kwaye ifakwe kwindawo yedatha. Iziphumo: Ngolawulo lwencwadana yokundwendwela kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya okanye olunye umhlathi, eli tyala aliyi kuvunyelwa ukuba liphume kweli lizwe.
Ukuba isixa setyala asidluli kumawaka ali-10 ruble, akukho zizathu zenkxalabo. Sitsalela ingqalelo yakho kwinto yokuba isigqibo senziwe ngebhedi kwityala ngalinye, ngamanye amaxesha, ngamanye amaxesha ubukho betyala kwinani elingaphezulu kwamawaka ali-10. Ayizukukhokelela kwisithintelo esifanelekileyo sokuyeka phesheya. Isigqibo sithatha ibhedi, elawulwa ngulowo unetyala.
Ukuze ungabi kwimeko engathandekiyo, ungalibali xa ucwangcisa uhambo lwangaphandle kwiwebhusayithi ye-FSSPP (FSSRRUS.RU) ukukhangela ukuba ngaba iinkqubo zakho zingafakwanga na kumatyala akho. Qaphela ukuba ukuvalwa komsebenzi kususwe kwiintsuku ezilishumi emva kokuhlawulwa kwetyala (nangona kunjalo, ukuba uhambo lwakho luyekwe kwimfuno yezonyango, igama linokuncitshiswa kube yimini enye).
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba isithintelo ekumthekeni siyasuswa, kuyacetyiswa ukuthumela isicelo kwinkonzo yendawo yengingqi (Ps.sb.fsb.b.ru) (Impendulo yaseburhulumenteni ayizukuthatha kungekudala i-10 Iintsuku-ntsuku, ke zibale ixesha ngaphambi kohambo). Nceda uqaphele: inkcazo yeerisithi ekutshintsheni kwemali yamatyala okanye iikopi zesigqibo se-FSSP ekuthinjweni okwethutyana kumthendeleko wexeshana awuzukufumana i-database yakho, ukwenza ulwazi ngalo lonke ixesha liya kudinga.
Ukuba amatyala abuyiselwe, isigqibo sokususa isithintelo ekumtheleni, ngenxa yokungahambelani kwezenzo ze-FSSP kunye ne-FSB ye-FSB yaseRussia, uyala indlala iNkundla . Ubungqina-amaxwebhu aqinisekisa intlawulo yokhenketho, amatikiti omoya, kunye nobungqina bemizamo engaphumelelanga yokujonga iindinyana zokubhabha, ukwala okubhaliweyo kwinkonzo yaseRussia ukukhulula ngaphandle kwe-Russian Federation.