Iimpawu zokujongana nelitye lokuhombisa lendawo ezahlukeneyo: Ikhonkrithi ye-Sandrete, i-Brick, i-Woot, idityaniswe kunye nokuntywila kunye ne-plasterboard ye-plasterboard
Ilitye elijongene nelitye elijonge phambili linokuhombisa umphezulu wazo naziphi na iindonga zangaphandle nezangaphakathi: ikhonkrithi, i-Brick, i-Strick, i-Platsed kunye ne-Plasterboard. Impumelelo kakhulu, ukuba ukugqitywa oku kubonelelwe yiprojekthi yeNdlu, kwaye xa usenza umsebenzi, Imigaqo yobugcisa yaqalwa ngokungqongqo.
Ngubani lowo?
Ukuhombisa amatye, ngamanye amaxesha kubizwa ngokutsha, providelate bhengeza ifom, umbala kunye nokuthungwa kwamatye okwenyani: i-sheet kunye ne-reservoir, i-sawn kunye nebrashi kunye neepilles. Nangona kunjalo, ilitye linemvelaphi engafakwanga. Izinto zayo eziphambili zesamente (njenge-binder), isanti, iifilitha ezahlukeneyo (i-firanzi, i-Perlite, iPumice okanye imixube. Ngamanye amaxesha ukuphucula iipropathi zelitye, iiplastiki ziziswa ekwemo kwawo, ezongezwayo. Phakathi kweenkampani ezidumileyo zaseRussia-abavelisi bale nto banokubizwa ngokuba ziinduli ezimhlophe, iKamrock, ilitye le-chelsea, "urhwebo", "ilitye elifanelekileyo". Ixabiso 1m- 750-1400rub.
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Ukusuka encinci ukuya kumkhulu
Ubunzima belitye buxhomekeke kubungakanani bayo kunye nokuthungwa. Ukukhanya kuthathwa njengokuba i-garding ilinganisa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-20 kg / m; Ibandakanya ukuqokelelwa kwe-vintiketity yezitena, ubunzima bezinto ezingenakuthelekiswa nanto ubunzima bezitena zokwenyani. Amatye anobunzima obungama-20-52 kg / m bakwinqanaba le-avareji, ngaphezulu kwe-52kg / m ukuya eqatha. Ukongeza kubo, udonga lwendlu lufanele ukunyamekela ubunzima be-itoty, iglu kunye ne-glue. Ukuba umyinge ophakathi kweglue kunye ne-greys kwi-1m 3-5kg, ke nokuba phantse "i-17kg / i-17kg / m) ubunzima bezinto ezinokuthengiswayo ziya kuba yi-6-10kg, kwaye oku kuninzi.
Enye iparameter ebalulekileyo ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo ngumlinganiselo wobunzima kunye nesikwere sezinto ezizodwa. Hlaziya izitena ukuba iphezulu. Ayisiyonto ngamathuba ukuba asetyenziswa kuwo nawuphi na umphezulu, kubandakanya ne-SKL ekhuselekileyo, edityaniswe ngokufakwa, ehonjiswe nge-chipboard kwaye engakhange ajolise kwimithwalo emikhulu. Ukuvalwa kwezityeli ezikhulu zezinto ze-1 dm ungazi ubunzima be-7kg. Ukukhetha uhlobo olufanayo lokugqiba, masithi, kwinto yendlu yelizwe, kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba ubunzima bayo bungakulumkanga nje uyilo lweendonga, kodwa nesiseko. Igweba ngokwakho: Indlu ekhawulezayo evela kwi-Sandwich Panenes (100kg / m), isiseko esikhulu sesona sisenzo esinzulu siyadingeka, kwaye i-fage yayo ebekelweyo ayiyi kwenza naziphi na iingxaki. Ukuba abanini ngequbuliso (hayi kwinqanaba lokwenza iprojekthi okanye ngokwakhiwa, kwaye kwinqanaba lokugqibela) bagqibe kwelokuba bahombise iindonga kunye neendonga zoncedo (ubunzima besakhiwo ziya kunyuka ngamaxesha ayi-1,5-2. Ngaba oku kuvumelekile kwisiseko esikhanyayo? Umyili-uyilo kufuneka uphendulwe kumbuzo onjalo, kodwa hayi umenzi okanye ulitye.
Ukuqukumbela, njengoko kubonakala ngathi, kuyacaca ukuba: uhlobo kunye nobunzima beNdlu yokuhlamba indlu kufuneka bubonakale kwinqanaba loyilo, xa udonga olubaliwe.
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Ukujongana nelitye lokuhombisa lihambelana nendawo ye-Woods (A, B), iindonga ezihlaselweyo. "Amatye" amatye "adityaniswe ngokugqibeleleyo kunye neentonga ezithambileyo, izixhobo ezenziwe nge-Iron kunye neBalconies.
Ucingo oluqinileyo lunika ukuqina kwendlu kwaye luqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwayo. Ucingo, udityaniswe ilitye lokuhlobisa, lubene kakuhle nakuphi na imbonakalo yomhlaba, ukuvumelana nemikhondo, ipeyintiweyo "yindawo" yokubhloka "kwaye ngaphandle kokuphazamisa umtsalane wendalo wendawo.
I-A, C-Hill Hills
B-Arkitect A. Emarmakova, ifoto v. nefdova
Glue okanye ukubekwa?
Uninzi lweenkampani ezinokufakelwa kukufakwa kwelitye lokuhlobisa, zisebenzisa imigaqo-nkqubo ngokubanzi yokulala, kodwa kwangaxeshanye baziqhelanise nazo. Ngamanye amazwi, i "inkqubo wamatye" zahluke kwiindlela ukuba beqwalasele izinto iindonga ezisetyenziswa ziphele, parameters amandla, iimpazamo shape neesayizi kwiindonga IT.
Umzekelo olula: Ukuze ilitye lihleleleke ngokuthembekileyo, ukwakhiwa kweGlus kufanele ukuba kube nokunamathela okuqinileyo kwisiseko. Ukongeza, unyanzelekile ukuba asebenze phakathi kodonga kunye nelitye (bona, njengoMthetho oQhelekileyo olwandisiweyo) ukuguqulwa kweqondo lokushisa. Ngapha koko, indawo yentwasahlobo yodonga, ingakumbi elangeni, ishushu ukuya ku-15 ° C, kwaye ipholile ukuya kwi-5s ebusuku. Kwangelo xesha, isiseko asifuneki sifudumeza njengelitye, kwaye ke, ukuwisele i-lander Ukuba ufaka i "" engalunganga "ye-glue, imifula iya kuvela ngokungathandabuzekiyo, kwaye amatye aya kuwa ngexesha.
Ke, ukukhetha iglu kuhlobiso olujongene nelitye, kubalulekile ukuba uthathele ingqalelo iipropathi zesiseko. Nangona kunjalo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukhubeke ukuba ibhegi (i-25 kg) yomxube onamathela kwimiphezulu emiselweyo ixabisa i-290-3950 ye-ruble, kwaye i-ruble) ye-rubs. Ixabiso lezinto zobungcali ngokunamathela owomeleleyo ngakumbi (1.2-1.4 MPA) ifikelela kwi-600-700 ruble. Ngendlela yabo, bancamathisela ngokuqinileyo ilitye kulo naluphi na udonga, iindleko zabo ziya kubonakala ziphezulu kakhulu.
Ufuna ukugcina? Nceda uneendlela ezininzi. Esona sidangaza sisothukile kwaye kwangaxeshanye silungelelanise umphezulu wodonga kunye nomaleko ocekeceke (5-10mm) womxube wesamente, kwaye sele isebenzise eyona glue yedemokhrasi ngaphezulu kwayo. Ngendlela, ukoyikeka okuthe kratya okubonelela abavelisi belitye lokuhombisa abanamathele kwi-0.8-1namp kwaye, njengoMthetho olungiselelwe (waqubisana).
Kumphezulu onamathele enamanzi asezantsi kwizisombululo zesamente, umzekelo, ikhonkrithi ye-monolithic, indlela ekuvavanywa ngayo isetyenzisiwe: okokuqala kudonga, kunye nentaba yelitye, kwaye emva koko inyibilikisi yelitye. Kule meko, indleko iyonke yokufuna kwaye umsebenzi owenziweyo uya kuba malunga nama-400 ruble. I-1m. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimpawu zokujamelana neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeziseko ezikufanele zimisa ngakumbi.
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Ngaphambi kokunyusa ilitye lokuhombisa, i-mesh yensimbi yensimbi iqhotyoshelwe kudonga lwezitena (a). I-mandry yezinto ezibonakalayo kufuneka iqalwe nge-AnguRS, emva koko ihombise iindonga (b).
Ukuze uqonde ngokupheleleyo izixhobo ezichazayo kunye nezinto ezisebenzayo zelitye lokuhombisa, kufuneka ube nolwazi olukhethekileyo kwaye uthobela imithetho ethile yokufakelwa. Ke ngoko, ukujamelana nethaka lezixhobo makuthembeke ukuba bangabi kubantu abangaqhelekanga, kodwa abafakeli abaziingcali bethatha inxaxheba ekubekweni kwayo. Baya kuba nakho ukufezekisa umsebenzi walo nakuphi na ukuntsokotha ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu (c, d).
A, B - Ifoto V. Kovaleva
C - "ilitye elifanelekileyo"
D - Kamrock
Ikhonkrithi kunye neziganeko zayo
Kutheni le nto kungafunwanga ukuba iludwe lilitye ngqo kwilitye kwikhonkrithi ye-monolithic, iibhloko zasendle, iibhlokhi zesiseko? Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, bajongeka bethandabuza kakhulu. Ingathi, thatha kwaye uyibeke ngaphandle kolungelelwaniso ... ingxaki iyodwa kwaye imbi kakhulu, engadlulanga ukubambelela. Ukonyusa iipropathi ezinobuhlakani besi sizathu, ungasebenzisa iiprimers ezikhethekileyo: UCeressit 19 (i-henkel), "I-Inset Toot" "(" iBetokont T-55 "(" iRussia). Kodwa kusenokuthenjwa ngakumbi ukusebenzisa ithuba lendlela eqinisekileyo: Ukuncamathisela i-gavanid okanye i-CARCIRO (i-CARCIRO (iplasitiki) ngoncedo lompu wokwakha kunye nedowel, kwaye emva koko ufakelo lwamatye.
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I-Decootimentitye ye-Strim (Heill Hills): Qala kuqala i-mesh plash (a) isikhonkwane (b) kuyo yonke indawo yomhlaba (b). Emva koko umphezulu wegridi ugutyungelwe ngumaleko omncinci we-cester (g) kwaye ishiywe de yome. Ilitye lezinto ezenziwayo libekwe kwindawo ebiyilukhuni, ejonga i-masonry egudileyo usebenzisa inqanaba lokwakha (e). Ukuba kukho imfuneko, "izinto" ezityelweyo "zinqumle umatshini wokugaya wekona ukuze bafumane ubungakanani obufunekayo (e). Itywina le-seames enemigangatho ekhethekileyo yelifu, inyanzela ngoncedo lwe-pistol yesakhiwo (G)
Isitena-ityala lincinci
Imigangatho yezitena, ngokuchaseneyo, ithathelwa kakhulu. Banokuqulunqa ilitye lokuhombisa kulo naluphi na ubunzima ngaphandle kokothusi kwangaphambili. Udonga luqala kugutyungelwe umhlaba ofanelekileyo, umzekelo uCeressit 17 (i-ceres), "umhlaba onzulu" (i-inis), "iDipront t-53" (") (") , "Starflts T-11" ("iziseko"), "Flex" (iKnauf, iRussia). Umphezulu we-lining, isisombululo esinamathelayo sisetyenziswa ngononophelo kwisiseko, nakwilitye. Iindleko ziya kuba zincinci kuphela ngemiqolo eninzi yomsebenzi, xa ugqiba i-barbecue, isiseko, iziqwenga zamaqhekeza. Xa ujongene ne-foude yesakhiwo, abasebenzi akufuneki ukuba bahlikishe iglu ebusweni bezinto nganye. Ukusetyenziswa okufanayo kokubekwa kwexabiso eliphezulu kwindawo engabhalwanga kuya kunyuka kakhulu, kwaye kuyanyanzeleka. Ke ngoko, kufanelekile ukuba ucinge ngokusetyenziswa kwale ndlela ichazwe apha ngasentla.Kwizitena ezindala ezindala okanye kwiindonga ezisemgangathweni eziphantsi, nakwimigangatho yeMonolith-ikhonkrithi, iyimfuneko ukusebenzisa iGridi. Izitena ezithinjiwe zilungisiwe yi-dombool-napile ye-Nail, ukuya kwi-Slit-ekhethekileyo (Chwetheza "molly", "Byterfly") okanye i-anchers. Okulandelayo, isebenza ngokwesikimu esisaziwayo. Ngokufanayo, beza ngeendonga zezitena eziphathwe nge-hydrophobizers okanye bavela kwiindawo eziphakamileyo (kunzima kakhulu ukuba bazilekise kubo).
Iindonga ze-insurid
Ukutya izindlu zelizwe ezivela kwizinto ezahlukeneyo zokwakha, kubandakanya ikhaka lesikhali kunye nokhuni, zihlala zisebenzisa i-insumpaint eyiyo evela kwi-polystrene foam, imilenze yoboya obufanelekileyo.D. Uninzi lunokuthandabuza ukuba umphezulu oguqukayo nowuqinileyo weendonga ezinjalo unokuba lilitye lokuhombisa. Nangona kunjalo, itekhnoloji enjalo kudala yaphuhliswa kwaye yavavanywa.
Emva kokuba iiplate ze-insuble zigxunyekwe eludongeni, bongezelwa yidomow-napikisi okanye i-anchers ezixhomekeke kuhlobo lwesiseko. Emva koko i-mesh yell isetyenziswa kwaye yagqitywa kwangoko ngokubekwa ngokunamathela ngokufakelwa ukuze iphakathi komaleko. Emva koko, i-gridi iqhotyoshelwe ziidosi ukuya kwisiseko, oko kukuthi, i-anchoring iphindwe kabini yenziwa. Umsebenzi wayo awulungisi kuphela izinto ezifudumeleyo zobushushu, kodwa ingaba yinkxaso ethembekileyo yokujongana nayo. I-Intshulwe ngokufakelwa, iidenti zenziwa, kwaye zikhutshiwe ngokubekwa ngamatye. Ngenxa yoko, ilitye lokuhombisa lolunye uhlobo, ukusuka elula ukuya kwelona lunzima. Ukubeka uhlobo oluthile lokujongana naloo projekthi, uya kukhetha ukufakelwa kwe-pronment efanelekileyo, inani elifunayo le-dowels, i-mesh isuka kwinto efanelekileyo ubungakanani beseli, kunye nokwenziwa kwe-glus.
Ewe kunjalo, izibuko ezinqabileyo xa zisebenza ekufazweni, kunyanzelekile ukuba zithathele ingqalelo kakhulu, umzekelo, ingqalelo eyodwa iyafuneka ukuba ivume i-windows kunye neminyango, i-inshunsion I-Angles ye-IT.D. Kodwa akukho ngqiqweni ukuchaza. Zonke kufuneka zimakishwe ngokomsebenzi okanye amanye amaxwebhu eprojekthi, kwaye i-rigade yowemiselo ihlala ilandelwa nguye.
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Iindonga zomthi: indlela ekhethekileyo
Ezona zinzima "kwi" Litye "sisiseko seenkuni, zihlala zibizwa ngokuba" ziphila "ngezinto. Yiyo loo nto, udonga olunendawo ye-10m ngeqondo lobushushu kunye ne-sunoty yehla inokutshintsha umda we-10 cm. Asingabo bonke abajamelene nabo, kwaye ayizizo zonke iibhulukhwe ziya kuthatha lo msebenzi.Kukho indlela yokuphuma, hayi enye. Ungayifudumele indlu kwi-bar ngaphandle, kwaye i-inshulekiso kukuphelisa ilitye. Inkqubo enjalo ikuvumela ukuba ungowahlukileyo kwinqanaba lomthi, kodwa kufuneka lubalwe ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ukujamelana kufuneka kube nemfesane. Zihlala zenziwa kwiikona, phantsi kweefestile ze-IT.P., Leyo yile, apho zingabonakali.
Uluvo lwengcali
Emva kokuba i-lawle isokugqibela uqhuba, i-lineng kwilitye lokuhlobisa linqwenelekile ukuba liphathwe nge-hydrophobic ekhethekileyo. Yenza i-membrane ye-elastic ye-elastic kumphezulu wayo, otshitshileyo amanzi, ukhusela umxholo ngokwemiphumo yendawo yangaphandle. Kulula ukunyamekela ukugqitywa okunjalo, kuba kulula ukucoca eluthulini nakumdaka. Iindawo ezihambayo, apho ilitye elijongene nelitye liya kubhengezwa rhoqo kwi-subluecation rhoqo kunye nemithombo yeendaba enoburharha, kwaye nokunxibelelana namanzi, ukulungisa i-hydrophobizer kuyanyanzelwa. Ifakwe kwimigca emibini emanzi. Umphezulu welitye ufumana iipropathi eziluncedo emva kweentsuku ezingama-2-3. "Imisebenzi" Ukugubungela malunga neminyaka emi-5-7, emva koko le nkqubo iphindaphindwayo.
I-denis panov, i-cedo yeenduli ezimhlophe
Kukho olunye ukhetho. Nyusa iindonga zangaphandle zoyilo olufana nenkqubo ye-face evuthiweyo: Ukuncamathisela izikhokelo zensimbi kwiindonga, i-CORS, iGrid, i-Ityala, ibopha ilitye. Ngendlela efanayo, iinxalenye ezincinci zeendonga zihlala zenziwa, kwaye ilitye ligxunyekwe kwi-CSP, kuba ezi plus zinemifanekiso efanelekileyo kwizisombululo zesamente.
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Ilitye lokuhombisa licwangcisa iindonga zangaphandle nezo zangaphakathi, imililo kunye nee-chimneys, iqondo lokushisa elingaphezulu kwe-75 S (A, B).
AdItect A. I-Buzyitsky
Ifoto n. serebyakokuova
Ilitye elinqabileyo nelikhanya lihlala lisetyenziselwa ukugqiba ngaphakathi. Ukufakwa kwezinto akubangeli bunzima obukhethekileyo, kwaye ubomi benkonzo bokugqitywa kangaka buphantse (c).
I-Arkitect A. Grishin
Ifoto R. Shelomenseva
Yintoni ngaphakathi?
Ngaphakathi kwizakhiwo, ukugqiba kuhlala kujongana neendonga kunye ne-plasterboard. Akukho ngxaki zikhethekileyo kunye nelitye labo lokuhombisa. Siza kunikela ingqalelo kwi-nues enye kuphela, ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo xa kwakhiwe udonga eyilelwe ukugqiba kunye ne-52kg / m). I-pitch esemgangathweni yezikhokelo zensimbi ze-FLK-60sm. Ngaphantsi kwe-cludding enkulu bafake rhoqo ngaphezulu kwe-30cm. Ukungcungcutheka kanjalo kuya kulungiswa, kodwa zimbini ze-rount-i-glk enganyangekiyo. QAPHELA UKUSETYENZISWA KOKUSETYENZISWA KOMSEBENZI: Badubula igridi ecekeceke ngoncedo lokwakha kunye neebakaki, kwaye emva kosuku luqala ukwahlulahlula ilitye lokuhombisa.Uluvo lwengcali
Ukutshintsha-inqanaba lokugqibela lokufakwa kwelitye lokuhombisa. Isombulula umsebenzi owonwabisayo wokuthunga. Akunakwenzeka ukuba ushiye i-seams ivule i-SEAMS, ngawo ukufuma kuya kungena kwi-lining, kwaye ngemijikelezo yamaxesha ngamaxesha yokukhulula nokutshaya, ukutshabalalisa i-mandry. Ukongeza, ibhendi yemithungo inika ukujonga inkangeleko yobuhle ngakumbi. Akufanelanga ukuba ugcwalise i-seams ngesisombululo se-massory eseleyo-inamathele, akukho siphumo sompu, kwaye ngenxa yomthungo, kuyavela engasebenzi. Ukulungiselela le njongo, ukhula olukhethekileyo lwenziwa phantse bonke abavelisi bamatye benzelwe. Eyona nto ilula ngokujikeleza kweengoma, ezisetyenziswayo kusetyenziswa i-pistol yokwakha okanye i-Sringer "yasekhaya" yenziwa kwiphakheji, i-tuba it.p. I-SEAMS phakathi kwezinto zomntu ngamnye izaliswe sisininzi esimanzi, silinde imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-40, ngelixa isome, kwaye emva koko siphindwe nge-spatula.
UAlexander Terentyev, iNtloko eyiNtloko yeNtloko yeKamrock
Kukonke
Kwindlu, iimeko zokujongana nelitye lokuhlobisa linokuthathwa njengefanelekileyo: i-microclimo esisigxina, ukunqongophala kweempembelelo zangaphandle. Xa i-quidees ilungele, iqondo lobushushu lithathelwa ingqalelo kuluhlu lwe-10-25c. Ayinqweneleki ukunyuka ilitye kwimvula kunye nemiraqo yelanga elithe tye, kuba ukufuma kakhulu okanye ukukoma ngokukhawuleza kwesisombululo kunciphisa amandla e-mandry. Elona xesha lilungileyo lokugqiba (ngakumbi kwimithi ephetheyo) kusasa nangokuhlwa.
Kwiqondo lokushisa lomoya ukuya -10 c Sebenzisa i-glue ekhethekileyo "ebusika". Kuyinyani, ikho imeko enye: Ngelixa isisombululo se-masry asihlalanga ama-70% amandla, amaqondo obushushu omoya akufuneki awele ngaphantsi kwexabiso elibonisiweyo kwi-glue iphakheji ebonisiweyo. Ngamaqondo obushushu asezantsi, indawo eyahlukileyo ijikeleze i-subleth, yokukhumbula ifilimu eluhlaza eluhlaza, itshisa umoya ngaphakathi kwaye ilitye libekwe. Ekupheleni komsebenzi, eli qondo lobushushu ligcinwa ezinye iintsuku ezi-3.
Ukuhlelwa enkosi Hills, Kamrock, Ilitye leChelsea
Ngoncedo ekulungiseleleni loo nto.