Isicwangciso sokwakhiwa kwesigaba sendlu yelizwe: Imbali kunye nokuziqhelanisa kwale mihla, imigaqo yokwakha ikhaya elikhulayo kumzekelo othile
Inkcazo yomgangatho wokuqala
2. I-Tambour ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................3m2
3. IHolo .....................................................
4. Ikhitshi .................................................................
5. Igumbi lokutyela - igumbi lokuhlala .......... 18.1M2
6. Igumbi lokuhlambela ...
7. Igumbi lokuhlala ............................. i-7,6m2
'Ukhulele njani "i-huth yaseRussiaERussia, umthi ibisoloko yeyona nto ifikelelekayo. Yakhiwa kuwo ukusuka kwiinqaba kunye neecawe ezindlwini-iv. Babenjani oookhokho bethu?
Isiseko seNdlu. Isiseko sesakhiwo sendawo yokuhlala yayiyikheji ekhethiweyo - ikhabhathi ye-trigonal ye-trigonal ye-12-16 izithsaba ezi-12-15 zizithsaba ezine. Kwikona yekhabhathi yeLog, iilogo zadityaniswa zisebenzisa iintlobo ezininzi zesandla: "Emphethweni", "kwi-PAW" IT.D. (Sixelele iindlela eziphambili zokwenza "iVD", 2009, ¶7).
Iziseko. Babeka ikhreyithi kwisiseko senye yeentlobo ezimbini. Uhlobo lokuqala esibonakalayo kwiteyiphu ngokungqinelana nesigama sanamhlanje: Phantsi kweekona, kwaye rhoqo phezu kobude beendonga, i-granite tuds. Imeko yesibini, siza kuqalisa ikholamu: Ngaphantsi kweembombo zokusikwa kunye namavili afake ii-cumbis zedayamitha enkulu - "izitulo". Iindonga zeelogo ezincinci zazizele zizinto eziphakathi kwazo, kwaye ngenxa yoko, ezo zinto zibizwa ngokuba ziiDumplings (i-rizbbitsa) yenzeka phantsi kweNdlu: ehlotyeni yayisetyenziselwa imfuyo. Nasiphi na isiseko esibekiweyo samanzi - imithombo yobubanzi beBeresta.
Kufanelekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba amaHyulo aBaleki yayikukulinganiswa kwemimandla yasemantla yelizwe, nasemantla, ngaphezulu kocingo locingo.
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I-1-3.Uhlobo lwe-boulgrants (1) kunye neendlela zokhuni "(2) zazikhona kwii-angles kunye ne-surservit. Uphahla lwendlala elambayo line-tese "kwikhadi" (3) - iibhodi zomqolo ophezulu zigubungele ii-bottoms ze-bottoms zasezantsi.
Izindlu kunye neHutut. Ngoku sichaza ubumbeko lwezindlu. Abantu abazizityebi babeka igumbi lesithandathu okanye indlu-ntsapho: Xa kwakusakhiwa kwangaxeshanye, iindonga ezimbini zangaphakathi zanqunyulwa zangaphandle (emnqamlezweni, iindonga zangaphakathi zingena kwi-angles efanelekileyo). Abantu abazizityebi, ababenentsapho enkulu, bakha i-ranger abahlanu, apho udonga oluyingqolo lwedolophu lwesihlanu lwahlulahlula indlu ibe macala amabini. Ngokunxulumene noluyilo lumbini, asizange sililize, igama elithi "indlu" lalisetyenziswa, hayi "i-Hut" - ngenxa yokubizwa kanye ngentlonelo. Kodwa abazizityebi kwaye abazizityebi ngamaxesha onke bekungekho kangako, kwaye uninzi lwakhiwa ngokupheleleyo izindlu.
Ukuqala, iNdlu enye yeLog ifakwe ngobukhulu malunga ne-66mola kwigumbi elinye elingaphakathi, kodwa enemililo, evuthazekile. Yayi "East" - "Intshayelelo ethi" - "ISTBA" - IZBA. I-Twin yaqubisa imigangatho emiqebeni ilele eludongeni kwizicwangciso ezinzima (eziqengqelekayo kwilogi) ukuze imisitho ibekwe ecaleni kwendlu, ukusuka emnyango ukuya kwiifestile. Saye sahlala kwicala elinye elikwiinguqulelo ezifanayo kunye nohlobo lwe-tesa, nto leyo kwi-intshisi ephezulu. Ulwakhiwo lwagqitywa, lususa uphahla lwendlu yamadoda. Ngaphezu koko, i-peels inokuba ide (igcwele ubude besi skate) okanye imfutshane (ebizwa ngokuba yintsholongwane). Uyilo lophahla olunjalo lwahlukile: lwaqokelelwa ngaphandle kwesikhonkwane esinye. Ke ngoko, kwakulula ukuyibamba eluphahleni, kwaye oku kusetyenziswa zombini xa kulungiswa (ukutshintsha izinto ezingocwangco ezibini), kunye nokugqitywa kwendlu.
Ukongeza kwiSamtov, uphahla lwefreyilo lukhona. Ngokutsho koyilo, babehlala belingana namadoda, kuphela iinkosi ze-ixesha elide zixhomekeke kwi-manstones, kodwa kwiilog ezithe nkqo ezithe nkqo ezithe nkqo eziqhotyoshelweyo zekhabhathi yelog okanye ezibekwe ngaphezulu kwayo.
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4. I- "Twin" yenziwa kwiikhabhathi ezimbini zelog. Kwakuxhaphake kakhulu, "unxibelelwano" - ukusikita ezimbini kufakwe kumgama kwaye zaneliseka phakathi kwazo. Kungenzeka ukuba indlu enjalo yakhiwa ngamanqanaba.
5. Uhlobo oluphezulu lokukhula kwezindlu: Ayisiyo izakhiwo eziphilayo nezoqoqosho zisuswe phantsi kophahla olunye. "P" iNdawo yokuhlala, kodwa ilele phakathi kwabo.
6.ontholby ephezulu i-porch ikhokelela kwihlobo lehlobo (ekunene) kunye nobusika (ngasekhohlo) inxenye ye-Hut. Kwifoto, ibonwa ngokucacileyo ukuba udonga lwe-seine likhuphe kuphela i-dowwrend ye-Hunch Hotute Houts.
Ukwandiswa kweNdlu. Ekuqaleni, i-quambour ye-quambour ukusuka kwizingongo ezincinci okanye i-jeeria itsalelekile ekungeneni kwendlu. Eli ziko lashwankathelwanga phantsi kwezinto eziqhelekileyo ngophahla lokubaleka, kodwa azizange zigxeke. Kuyimfuneko ukuyigubungela (okanye, njengoko babethetha neyakudala, i-sneokery, kunye negama) igalelo kwaye ligcine lifudumele kwindlu. Njengoko usapho lukhula kunye nenani lomsebenzi wasekhaya olwandiswe kwindawo "yegumbi elinye". Kuninzi xa abanini bemali, baqala ukonyuka ngobukhulu.
Eyona ndlela ilula yokwandisa indawo yayisixhobo esibizwa ngokuba samkelwe ukwamkelwa kongezwa kwisithuba esongezelelweyo esivela kwiindonga ezintathu. Nangona kunjalo, ngale ndlela yayinqabile, kwaye isizathu soku sicacisiwe: "I-HIP" (umfundi avumele umfundi osixolele okwesiseko). Khumbula ukuba izinto ezikhoyo sele zichaziwe, kwaye iya kucaca ukuba amazibuko onyaka lomhlaba aya kutsiba ngokupheleleyo ngokupheleleyo i-Hut eyintloko (unokuqinisekisa ukuba ngokundwendwela i-archallect) . Bayenze njani? Kwizifundo ezinikezelwe kwesi sihloko, kubhaliwe athi: "UGurban wayeqhele ukubandakanya iindonga ezintathu, kodwa zinokuba zine. I-ACHTO enje nge-Dore? Ayongafani ne-hollow enye ngakumbi, ifakwe kufutshane ne-Old, kodwa ngaphandle kokubopha i-kuyo (zombini ukusikwa kwe-proultly).
Uphahla lwe-Samsaya elingenayo (itywina kunye needrazi)
Kwinkulungwane ezininzi, ubuchwephesha besixhobo sophahla lwetywina lwaphuhliswa, olungafuneki ukuba ziphikithi okanye izikhonkwane. Masiqale ngophahla lwe-samsaya kwiinkukhu. Amadoda ayimigca eliqela anciphise ubude bexesha lokuqulunqwa kwe-triangm ezimbini. Amadoda amaqadi axhunyiwe kwaye aphambi kwawo phakathi kwabo ngamathambeka e-logs (ubude obugcweleyo). Inani labo lalixhomekeke kubude be-fililon, ukubaleka nganye inxibe izithsaba ezimbini ezingabamelwane.
Iziphelo zebhola ziyenziwa ngaphaya kwemida yamafutha, ezenza isiseko sophahla. I-Whow-ezintathu ezikhoyo (kuzo) zaziqhuba i-net-lab ebizwa ngokuba yi-fird yenkukhu ene-1.5-2 nge-1.5-2 nge-hooks emqolo (inkukhu yesiko esisikiweyo kwi-Hook kunye negama lezinto). Inkukhu ifakwe inyathelo elithile, kwaye ukuze iziphelo zabo zixhonywe phezu kweendonga, zisisiseko se-sills ehlekisayo.
Kwinkukhu, ukubeka i-bark, ukubeka iilog nge-grooves kubude bayo yonke - imilambo (amaziko eminzi, amanzi), okanye, kulwimi oluninzi. Emva koko, umntu obethe kancinci kumqolo ongezantsi wophahla lweluphahleni, olusikhulela kumda ophezulu we-cute. Phezu kwazo, umaleko wesibini we-tesins, ohlala ixesha elide (umphetho wabo ongezantsi waphumla emazantsi e-gutter). Iziphelo eziphezulu ze-teen ze-teen, zikhutshelwe elona xesha liphezulu (inkosazana) langaphambili, licinezelwe i-fir ye-fir enzima kunye nobude benxantathu ngaphaya kobude benxantathu bonke. Yayingamagama amabini: "Ohlupin" (i-Log enzima ebitywe kakhulu xa ifaka indawo, kodwa okwangoku, kwaye ingekho kwintloko yehashe , ebikhon 'i-faupet evela kwingxaki eyahlukileyo). Ukuze i-chick ayihambi, iqhotyoshelwe kunyawo lwenkosazana ngentambo yeplanga ngentloko ejiweyo. Ngenxa yoko, uyilo olusebenzayo lwafunyanwa (njengoko luthetha uphahla olukhankanya).
Olunye umahluko ophahla ophahla lwe-china wase-china kwi-Danar, olwahlula-hlulwe esele luye lwasetyenziswa kuyo ukuba isetyenziswe kuyo yonke ubude besiketi, kodwa sifutshane. Inyani yile yokuba uphahla olude kakhulu kufuneka lubize kakhulu kufuneka luphantse ngaphandle kwe-bitch enokuthi iwele okanye idipozithi. Iibhodi eziPhambili eziPheleleyo ziyifumana kulula, kwaye ihamba kancinci. Ijaji ukuze isuswe azinyanzelekanga ukuba zingasebenzi. Umgaqo ukudala uphahla phezu dranyers sifana kakhulu kwii, kodwa kukho umahluko: i vee wayibeka phezu imisonto chicken zithe zafakelwa imiqolo emibini dusties likho elifutshane, umphezulu leyo waxinwa yi Ukuhamba kwe-Gutter yesibini (wadlalela indima yengcinezelo). Ukuyeka ukubamba yayiqhutywa ziintloko-ze-wimi, ezikhulayo kumjelo weGroove osezantsi. Emva koko babeka umqolo omtsha weedyudi ezimbini, umphezulu ophezulu oxhonywe kwi-tuter yesithathu. Ke, kude kube sekupheleni kophahla, apho iitempile ziya kufaneleka khona ihashe.
Inomdla wokwazi ukuba yandisa iintonga zophahla kwimeko yokuhlengahlengiswa kweNdlu, ulwandiso lweNdlu, uphahla lwe-peling lunokutshintsha ngokulula ukuba luphahla. Olu luvo luyawa kwaye luyakwazi ukutshintsha kophahla kwaye kufuneka lusetyenziswe ekwakhiweni kwendlu yendlu "yokukhula".
1. Stamik 2. халупень, okanye ihashe 3. Iindibano 4. Dlula 5. I-blowflow 6. ISamsysy 7. Yima 8. Ikhephu 9. I-Schelch 10. Ukuhamba (chute, amanzi) 11. Inkukhu (kokore) | 
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Emva kokuba i-oglaps ilungiselelwe kwinxalenye entsha, uphahla lwalusele lwalukhwela isakhelo esinye ngaphezulu kwamabala, ngokutsho koko, kusetyenziswa izinto ezisele zakhiwe eluphahleni lwakudala, kwakhiwa izinto ezintsha. Isenokuba lopha uphahla olutsha alusekho kwinkukhu, kodwa kwi-DANESER, kodwa onke amalungu athathwe kuphahla lwakudala (i-Tes, inkukhu, i-chute ne-oveni) ikwazile ukuyisebenzisa ngokupheleleyo. Isandi, iindleko zezinto ezintsha (i-ti, iintloko, iintloko, amathokazi) ziye zancitshiswa, kunye nomhla obekiweyo wofakelo. I-InExicia yonyaka wamaxesha athile ophantsi kophahla lwekhephu olugubungela ii-Huts ezimbini (ngokuthe ngqo, ukuba le nto ibithathwe njengelinye okanye inxibisa igama lantlandlolo - "amawele"), ayesoyikeka, kuba wayenemililo kuphela. Kwisiqingatha sangoku samahlelo amanqina afakwe ii-ovens zabo. Ukusuka kwenye indawo yeNdlu ukuya kwenye, umntu omkhulu unokubethwa kwindawo engasemva.
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7. I-BEBELE M200 Brand kwi-SITE YEMALI YOKUGQIBELA. Ukusebenza kwikhonkrithi ukuya kuthi ga kwi-tape yesiseko, isebenzise itreyini ende, kunye ne-backups eyimfuneko eyenziweyo kwangaphambili.
I-8-10. Iibhanti zokuqala zekhonkrithi zabekwa kwiingqimba zamanzi (8), kwaye emva koko zabeka isiseko kwiibhloko zekhonkrithi zekhonkrithi (9), imifuno ephakathi (10).
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11-13. Uqhagamshelo lwebhaji ye-triback kwii-angles zangaphandle (11), i-interface yedonga langaphandle neyangaphakathi (12) kunye nokudada kubude (13) kwenziwa ePoledev.
Ngokwemvelo, ukukhula kwendlu akupheli. Ukuqokelelwa kwemali efunekayo, kumgama othile ukusuka ebusika (ishushu) yakhiwe yihlobo elikhaphukayo lehlobo (engafunekiyo), eyathi idityaniswe nobusika kwenye imfuza ephakathi kwazo .
Ngendlela, uyilo lomtshutshisi luphangele kakhulu. Umgangatho wabo wabuyiselwa sisiphelo esinye kwindlu yelog ye-Houts yasebusika, enye kwindlu yelogi. Iindonga ezimbini zeSeine "ziboshwe" kwinkuni yobusika nehlobo, azingqinelani, kodwa, zihamba ngolwimi oluzimeleyo, ukuze amahashe ahamba "ngokuzimeleyo omnye komnye. Iindonga ezimbini ze-seine zilungiselele umnyango omkhulu kwiNdlu, ohonjiswe ngaphandle kweveranda kwinkxaso ezimeleyo kunye nophahla lwentaka ("i-proch", yiyo loo nto igama). YvSA, iindawo ezisandula ukongezwa zavuza phantsi kophahla olunye nendlu endala.
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I-14-17. I-lag yomgangatho we-lag, iphumle kwisiseko, ingeniswe kwibha yokuqala (14). I-Lags Ezongezelelweyo Inkxaso ye-OTLIPS (15). Kwavunyelwa ukuba bakhuphe i-lag ubude (16). Iziphelo zasimahla zazidityaniswe phakathi kwe-bru (17).
Emva koko, i-hitter kunye nelaphu inomdla ngokuthe ngcembe ukuyafikisa ihlobo. Nabo, nabo babesekhothuthuki. Ukukhanya, amabali amabini. I-Achetoba ayifanelanga ukuba inxibe iingxowa kunye nobunye ubuninzi emagxeni, amaqonga ongenileyo. Emva kwexesha utsala i-HLEV kunye nesitali. Kwinxalenye yentendelezo yentendelezo, ukuphakama kwavela, ngokukhawuleza kwajika yaba lukhefu. Ke ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye amakhaya avele ifom ye-M-ethe qengqeleka, emva koko i-p-imile.
Kunomdla wokwazi ukuba ayisiyiyo kuphela izindlu ezinamathele, kodwa nakwi-biric ehla. Ekuqaleni bakha indlu ephambili, kwaye emva koko iiflegi ezimbini ze-STATELS ziqhotyoshelwe kuyo kwisitayile esinye kunye nenxalenye ephakathi. Umzekelo, ngale ndlela kwi-Xix. Indlu kaSophia Andreevna yakhiwa kwi-polyana ecocekileyo - i-l.n. I-Tolstoy.
Ngoku, xa sasijonga ebalini, siya kuqhelana nenkqubo yanamhlanje yokwakha indlu ekhulayo. Uyile kwaye waqala ukwakha kwenye yeendawo zokuhlala zeMoscow Abs-Stroy (iRussia).
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18-21. I-complate yebar kwi-bar engaphandle ye-onring yaveliswa kwi-spike yemveli (18). Iikona ezifanayo kwiindonga zangaphakathi zendlu zenziwa ePolterev (19). I-inshurensi yongenelelo esebenza njengelaphulelo yeflethi enobunzima be-5mm (20). Baye basonga i-KNAPS ye-Woophu esetyenziswa xa uqhagamshela amaplanga ubude (21).
Izimvo zakudala Ubomi obutshaKe, senza imigaqo emibini esisiseko yesicwangciso sokukhula, ephuhliswe ngookhokho bethu, ngolwimi lwetekhnoloji yale mihla. Umgaqo wokuqala: Ukunyusa ibhokisi ekhaya kuyafuneka ukusebenzisa iimodyuli ezihloliweyo kancinci. Umgaqo wesibini: uphahla kufuneka lubetheke kwaye lukhetheke ngokukhethekileyo. Esebenzisa amandla eetekhnoloji zokwakha zanamhlanje, kunokwenzeka ukuba azame ukwakha indlu enokukhula kungekuphela kobubanzi, kodwa ukuphakama.
Ndiyithandile ingcinga yokuba bonke abaqulunqi, kwaye ngokukhawuleza baqala ukuyihlakulela ngenxa yokuqalisa ngendlu encinci kwaye xa ukhula umnqophiso, siya kuthatha umgangatho uphela iya kucwangcisa i-insulap ye-insurid (kumgangatho wokuqala-kumgangatho). Ngaphezulu kwe-attic ye-attic. Ukuze i-raft attic iqokelele izenzi-mali, iindonga zakhiwe kwiqela lendalo Ukufuma, baya kuthi kwaye bahlukene kwindlu, kwaye i-Stoensotions yendawo ayinzima ukuyifumana. Isixhobo esisekelekweni, siya kusebenzisa itekhnoloji yeTekhnoloji. Iya kuhlala ihleli Indlu nganye ene-oty kunye nembini enamacala amabini, kwaye ukuba iyimfuneko ukwandisa isakhiwo ngobubanzi, kunokuba lula ukunyusa, kwanele "ukuqiniswa" kokuqiniswa kwesiseko esitsha . I-Ichtoba Le ndlu njengesiphumo ayifane ifane noyilo lwee-cubes zedibhu, kwaye yajonga ngaphezulu kwaye ijongile, iyimfuneko ukuba iphuhlise iprojekthi, Lonke utshintsho lucinyiwe, lucwangcisiwe kwaye lupeyintwe kwangaphambili kwaye lupeyintiwe.
Ke iprojekthi yeNdlu "yeNdlu yeGolden" ivela. Kwakube kwakhiwe ngokwamanqanaba amabini. Iziphumo zokuqala zazo zikhule isakhiwo esinezinto ezithandekayo kunye nendawo iyonke engama-50.8m2; Ngenxa yomzuzwana, iMerara yayo inyuke yaya kwi-105m2. Ukuba umniniyo unqwenelekile, inqanaba lesithathu linokubonelelwa, kwinkqubo yokuba enye okanye ezimbini ezigutyungelweyo (mhlawumbi i-inshurensi) i-veranda iya kuqhotyoshelwa kwindlu.
Umthengi uyakhawuleza. Ukufunda ngononophelo iprojekthi kunye nokwazisa umbono wombono, wadanduluka wathi: "Siza kwakha! Yile nto kanye endinokuyifumana ngoku, ndijonga amathuba am ezemali! " Kwintendelezo yayinguFebruwari, kwaye phakathi kwe-Matshi, abakhi baqalisa ukusebenzisa le projekthi.
Yintoni kwaye i-barbebedser edolophini iqhagamshelwe
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22-24.Ngabu ubuso beenkuni ukufumaniswa kwendalo kwakungaphazanyiswa kwaye akuzange kujijeke ngexesha lomomo, badityaniswa ngokuthe nkqo nge-250 mm (ezi mveliso zivumela i-snip2-25 -80). Ukwenza oku, kwibha nganye ngenyathelo le-1.5 m, imingxunya ene-15mm kunye nobunzulu be-30mm (22) babethanga. Emva koko bankqonkqoza izipikili ezingamanyala (23), i-chics yakhe itsiwe kubunzulu bemingxunya eyomileyo (24).
Inqanaba le-PerryFUNDA. Ukusukela umhlaba kule ndawo yayikuqulunqwa, isiseko esifundwayo esincinci sasondela njengoko singenakwenzeka. Kwisixhobo sayo, i-trench yatsalwa ngumsele kunye nobunzulu be-90cm kunye ne-50cm ububanzi, apho kwenziwa umqamelo wesanti enobude obuyi-30cm. Emva koko emseleni wafaka umkhondo wokusenga, eyibeka ngokugqibeleleyo kwinqanaba lomphetho ophezulu wesiseko sexesha elizayo. Ewe kunjalo, yonke le nto ithathe ixesha elininzi, kodwa yayenza lula inkqubo yokulawula inqanaba lekhonkrithi ngexesha layo. I-Barcask ibeke isakhelo sokuqinisekisa (imitya emine yokuqiniswa kwe-dedeudinal ene-12mm, enxulumene namacandelo athe tye kwaye ethe nkqo kwi-humpreyitha efanayo), emva koko iitephu zekhonkrithi zibubanzi kangange-10 cm.
Emva kosuku, xa ikhonkrithi ifumana amandla athile (ubuncinci i-15kg / cm2- ngokuziqhelanisa, ukuba ungena kuwo, umkhondo wezondoqo), i Isiseko kwiibhloko zekhonkrithi yekhonkrithi ye-400200200200mm ibekwe ngaphandle. Ke indawo yokuba indawo ephantsi kwendlu yangena umoya, kumqolo ophezulu weebhloko zemveliso (inye phantsi kwegumbi ngalinye elingaphakathi kunye namagumbi amabini aphantsi kwe-angular), apho iibhloko zekhonkrithi zibeke icala. Phantsi kweendonga zangaphakathi ngenyathelo le-1.5 yeekholamu eziposiweyo ukusuka kwiibhloko ezifanayo.
Phezu kweebhloko zesiseko, omnye ungqimba wabekwa phezu, kwaye ukuqiniswa kokuqiniswa kwecandelo le-antiseptic croced ye-150150mm. Phantsi kweendonga zangaphakathi, ezibizwa ngokuba yinxalenye yecandelo lomnqamlezo ka-200150mm ebekwe kwi-face the the ifakwe amanzi. Ngelixa ulungiselelo lwesiseko lwalulungiselela, ikhonkrithi yesiseko ifumene amanqaku angama-50% yamandla oyilo (kwakufuneka aqalise ukumisela ibhokisi ekhaya).
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25. Iindonga zendonga zangaphandle kwi-poledev yonke izithsaba ezimbini.
26.Kis xa kuncitshiswa ukwakhiwa kwendlu egcine amandla aneleyo, iindawo ezivulekileyo "zokunxiba" ukusuka kwibhani eqinileyo: kwi-rohwey yeshumi kunye ne-thrown (nge), efestileni - Zonke izithsaba ezingama-2.
27. Umgangatho wokuqala womgangatho wokuqala wadalwa kwi-bar enecandelo le-150150mm. Zombini iziphelo ze-beams ezifakwe kwinyathelo le-60 cm zifakwe ngokuqinileyo kwi-Winsk engaphezulu yeendonga zendonga (ubunzulu bebhokisi yebhokisi ye-Occobox kufuneka bube yi-50mm). Kwangelo xesha, imiqadi yokugqobhoza amagumbi akufuphi (ivulekile) ngexesha lokutsala ngodonga lwangaphakathi kwabekwa kwi-oda ye-checker.
I-28.I-Strerd Screed Screws enenyathelo elithile lokukhusela ikhreyithi yebhodi ye-12525mm ye-12525mm yomdiliya ephethe iBhodi ye-antiseptic. Kwakukho ukuthuthuzelwa kwethutyana kuyo: Iingqekembe ezimbini zerabhasi.
29-30. Kwiveranda kunye neVeranda endaweni yenkxaso yethutyana efakiweyo (zenziwe ukusuka kwiplanga yeplanga elinye), ezazibonelelwa ngesikroba jack. Ukuze kube lula, kwakusezantsi kwentsika.
31-32. Kwi-cranial bar, ifakwe ecaleni komgangatho ongezantsi komgangatho womgangatho wokuqala, ibeka iibhodi ezimfutshane zomgangatho omnyama (31). Emva koko yayiyindawo ecocekileyo, idibanisa kunye neBhodi nganye yeBhodi yesibini (32). Xa umthi womile, umgangatho uza kuchithwa.
Indawo yokusebenza. Itekhnoloji yokwenzela isiseko esiphezulu kwi-bar enecandelo le-150100mm le liboniswe ngokucacileyo kwiifoto, ngoko ke asiyi kuyichaza ngokweenkcukacha. Makhe sihlale ufakelo lwezinto ezimbini.
Ukwamkelwa kuqala. Lahla imigangatho, uparali kwiindonga zangaphandle, aziveliswanga kubo, kodwa kumgama we-50-100mm. Isithuba esinokutsha xa ugqibile ukubekwa i-insumpafafayi ukuze umoya obandayo ukusuka kwisampulu awufiki. Ukuba unqwenela, iilegs zifakwe ngaphezulu eludongeni, kodwa kule meko, ibhalwe eludongeni kwinqanaba lendiza eliphezulu leBhodi, eliza kubakho ungayinaka ngaphezulu komda weelegs ngaphezulu kwe-100mm).
Ndlwini-nye. Zonke izivumelwano zahlulwe yi-Flask-njengeWebhu, eyenza ukuba ikwazi ukonga nabo, kwaye ikwasebenza njenge-heatel. Obu buchule busetyenziswa xa kunyuka iindonga.
Ukwakhiwa kwebhokisi ekhaya. Iindonga zendlu ziqokelelwe kwi-bar yendalo enendalo enecandelo le-150150mm. Ngokuthe nkqo, izithsaba zesithsaba zakhiwe ngeempawu zensimbi. Phezu kweendonga ezigqityiweyo zomgangatho wokuqala, ukugqobhoza okungaphezulu kwalungiswa, emva koko kwakuphakamisa imigca yabanini-mpahla ngemvume yabanini, kwabakho uhlaselo lwexeshana lokuphahlaka kwenkunkuma. Ngaphantsi kwayo, indlu inamandla okuba kungenelwa kangangeminyaka engama-2-3, kwaye emva kweli xesha, iindwendwe ziya kuqala ukuqala inqanaba lesibini lokwakha. Indlu yelog yayishiywe de ikwindla, kuyimfuneko ukuba umthi ungome kwaye unciphise isakhiwo. I-Tomnple emva kokuba abakhi baya kuqala ukugqiba umsebenzi.
Xa zicwangciselwe ukususa umgangatho wokugqitywa komgangatho wokuqala, faka i-velip kwaye uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde umgangatho. Ngokufanayo kuya kwenziwa ngokugqithiswa komgangatho wokuqala. Emva koko, kushushu iindonga zeNdlu ngaphandle, emva koko kuya kuyenza ngaphandle, kwaye ke ukugqiba kwayo kusetyenziswa izinto ezikhethwe ngumniniyo. Kule nto, inqanaba lokuqala liya kugqitywa, kwaye abanini baya kuba nakho ukudlala i-SIDFARK YENKONZO YAMABANDLA.
Inkqubo eguqukayo
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33-35. Xa kusenziwa le nkqubo, ibhafu yesikhephe ifakwe kwinkxaso yethutyana yomthi, ethi, ukufumana umsebenzi ofunekayo ubude, babhabe ephakathi embindini. Kwisiketi esinenqanaba eliqinisekileyo esenza imiqadi yeRafter ye-DARTER YOKUGQIBELA KWI-template ye-15050mm (33). Ibila isithsaba esisikiweyo saqhotyoshelwe, sisebenzisa iikona kunye nesikrelemnqa esizimeleyo (34), ipleyiti yentsimbi yatsalwa phantsi kwesikethi, kwaye ukuqiniswa kweBhodi yeBhodi enye kwabekwe ngaphantsi kwayo (35). Kufanelekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba izinto zensimbi kunye nezikrelemnqa zokuzifaka zisetyenziswe xa zihlanganisana zonke iindibano zenkqubo yenkqubo ye-RAFRE, kwanaxa sttles.
Kuya kwenzeka ntoni emva koko?Inqanaba lesibini lolwakhiwo liya kudlula. Okokuqala, iya kususa uphahla lwexeshana ukusuka ekuqaleni kolwakhiwo, iinxalenye ziphawulwe kwaye zigxunyekwe ngekhreyithi, ukuhlanjwa kweefreyimu zezakhelo kunye nenkqubo yenkqubo (oku akuyi kuba nzima- zonke zibangelwa luncedo lwe Izinto zentsimbi kunye ne-screws yokuzikhethela). Okulandelayo kuya kuqala ukwakha iindonga zomgangatho wesibini. Into abayizokuxubha okanye isidumbu-iindwendwe bezingekagqitywa. Kodwa kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukhetho lwesibini lukhetheke kowokuqala: Iindonga zesakhelo zilula kwaye zishushu, kwaye zinokwakhiwa ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu, elibalulekileyo. Xa iindonga zikhula, onke amalungu enzeka ngaphambili (inkqubo yokulinganisa, odayiweyo.) Abuyiseke indawo ebanziweyo kwaye ngoku ngokusisigxina. Emva koko, abakhi bafaka uphahla lwe-attic, emva koko baqala umsebenzi wangaphandle nangaphakathi. Nje ukuba zigqitywe, ngaphezulu kwezakhiwo (le ndawo icwangciselwe kwangaphambili) ziya kuhluka kakhulu kwinqanaba lokuqala kunye nokugcina izinyuko. Iva! Ungaphuhlisa indawo entsha yokuhlala, yiza nokufaka ifanitshala kwaye ukhusele omnye umphandle.
Ngaba inkqubo yokwakha yakhathaza imikhosi? Kunjalo. Kuyenzeka ukuba iveki-enye kuya kufuneka bangahlali endlwini. Yintoni eza kudityaniswa kwaye iya kuba yintoni le nto ilahlekileyo? Kule meko, zincinci, iiroli ezininzi zeRubberoid ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza uphahla lwexeshana. Uyilo lwesakhiwo, ngokutsho koqikelelo lwangaphambili, lingama-30 ukuya kwangama-40 kuphela amawaka ruble. Oku akufuneki okungahambelaniyo nesixa ekufuneka sihlawule njengomtsalane ukuba uthatha imali mboleko ebhankini kwaye wakhe indlu enamacala amabini, masithi, ngokokwamkelwa kwenye indawo.
Iskimu senqanaba lesibini lokwakha
"I-ABS-STROY ' | 
"I-ABS-STROY ' | 
"I-ABS-STROY ' | 
"I-ABS-STROY ' |
36-39999.UPROSTPUSE ekhaya (36) uza kususa uphahla lwexeshana kwaye udinisa uyilo lwe-raft kunye namafutha (37). Kwi-verlap eshushu, iindonga zomgangatho wesibini ziya kwakhiwa, apho amaqumrhu amaqado (38), emva koko akhwelise inkqubo ye-solling kunye nophahla oluqhubekayo (39).
Indawo yokuhlala efikelelekayo ngokweneneKwilizwe lethu, kukho iprojekthi yesizwe "yezindlu ezifikelelekayo". Iifemu ezininzi zokwenza imveliso kunye nokwakha ziyazabalazela ukufunda kuyo. Kodwa masicinge: Ngaba yonke into abanikwa yona ngoku ifikeleleke ngokwenene? Nokuba sicinga ukuba izindlu ze-1m2 ziya kubiza i-10-20 yamawaka amawaka ruble. (Ngokwemigangatho yanamhlanje, sisipho nje) ukwakha indlu ubuncinci i-100-120m2, kuyimfuneko ukufumana i-1.2-2.4 ml irulle. Yongeza kule ndleko zokugqibezela kunye nokushwankathela unxibelelwano-kwaye inani liyi-1.5rd engaphezulu. Ewe, yiphi "i-avareji yesiRapu", apho inkqubo ekhankanyiweyo ifikelelwe, inokuthatha imali eninzi?
Ewe, kukho iimali mboleko kunye nemali mboleko. Kodwa kwiCrisis yethu ixesha lokufumana imali mboleko enjalo ayizukufumana wonke umntu. UHudalealeoko ayinguye wonke umntu onokuthatha imali mboleko efanayo, ufuna ukuyenza. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, imali mboleko luhlobo lwe-damocles yekrele. Ngubani oza kuyihlawula ukuba uphulukana nomsebenzi wakho okanye uyagula?
Uluvo lwengcali
Kukho umzuzu oyingozi kwitekhnoloji yeNdlu ekhulayo - xa uphahla ngaphezulu kwenqanaba lokuqala lugxunyekwe kwaye abakhi bathabatha iindonga zomgangatho wesibini. Ngeli xesha ukuba ukrwada kuhlelwe geqe ezindongeni kunye nokugquma komgangatho wokuqala womgangatho wokuqala weempembelelo zokuqala ze-thamospic. I-Amokra i-insulfafaza iyayayeka ukwenza umsebenzi wayo. Ke ngoko, ndingathanda ukunikela ingqalelo kuphela kwezinto ze-hydrophobibed kufuneka zisetyenziswe kule teknoloji, zisekwinqanaba lemveliso zinika iipropathi eziphindaphindiweyo zamanzi. Amanzi, ukuwa kwi-heater enjalo, akangeneli ubunzulu bakhe.
Iimvavanyo eziqhutywa zibonisa ukuba nasemva kokuntywiliselwa ngokupheleleyo kwento enjalo emanzini kangangeyure ezininzi kumphezulu wayo, kuphela ifilimu yamanzi okanye ngaphakathi kuyo iyomile. Amaconsi aphuma ngokukhawuleza, kwaye izinto ezenziwayo aziphulukani noomatshini, akukho ndawo yokufakelwa kobushushu.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Hydrophobid Ivumela ikhefu ngexesha lokwakha. Umzekelo, iipleyiti "(i-roundwoolts" (iRussia) yokufakelwa ngaphandle, zikhuselwe emithanjeni, zinokuhlala zikhuselekile ngokuchasene neenyanga ezintathu ukuya kwiinyanga ezintathu.
I-Tatyana Smirnova, iNgcali yezobuchwepheshe ye-rongwool
Kodwa ngekhaya elikhulayo yonke into yahlukile. UJeenno lolona hlobo lolo hlobo (ngendlela ngakumbi, indlela yokwakha) yezakhiwo kwaye inokubizwa ngokuba zizindlu ezifikelelekayo. Isicwangciso esiliqili sithatha ingqalelo izinto ezimbini eziphambili. Okokuqala, ukuqokelelwa ngokuthe ngcembe kwemali kunye nokuphunyezwa kwenqanaba elilandelayo kubalulekile kule mali, ngaphandle kokujongana nemibutho yamatyala. Okwesibini, into ebaluleke kakhulu kunye notshintsho kwizicelo. Umzekelo, usapho lwabantu ababini ekuqaleni lwaneleyo lwanele ekhaya kunye nendawo emalunga ne-50m2. Kucacile ukuba kwixa elizayo usapho luya kukhula kwaye ixesha liya kuqala ukuqala inqanaba lokwakha. I-Idieg ngelo xesha iya kuba nakho ukuqokelela, kwaye iminqweno yabo yoba yenziwa ngokucacileyo amagumbi amagumbi abantwana, kunye noomakhulu, abaya kubajonga.
Sicinga ukuba umxholo wendlu ekhulayo unomtsalane kungekuphela kwiintsapho ezincinci, kodwa nakwabahlali zehlobo. Akukho mfihlakalo yokuba kukho ungqameko olukhulu lwabemi belizwe lethu, esele ifuna ukwakha i-cottage. Kodwa akwanelanga ukufezekisa iphupha lakho, akukho kungabikho qala imali yokuqalisa ukwakhiwa kwendlu ebaluleke kakhulu kweli phepha. Itekhnoloji yekhaya elikhulayo ikunika ithuba lokuqalisa ukwenza amaphupha amnandi ukuze afumane ubomi kwaye ungalindi de ufumane imali. Kuqala ukwakha i-cotticary encinci ye-on. Khuphela imali eyimfuneko-Gqibezela indlu ibe yisayizi yama "amaphupha".
Nangona kunjalo, kuyimfuneko ukuba uqonde ukuba kulula ukwenza oku akuyi kuvumela itekhnoloji yonke yokwakha, kuba kukukhula kwendlu ngobubanzi kuya kufuneka ugqithise isiseko kunye neendonga. I-IAP ayisiyo nayiphi na inkampani yokwakha inokukunika isisombululo sezobuchwephesha kwi-accountis ekucaciseni iindonga, i-off kunye nophahla elifanelekileyo ukuze liguqulwe. Ukuthintela ulwakhiwo lwendlu ekhulayo ngokungqinelana neprojekthi kunye nenkonzo yokucwangciswa kwezigaba ezivela kulo naliphi na imbono ingenelo.
Ubalo olwandisiweyo lweendleko le-CHEARD Indlu yeBursade neNdawo eyi-51M2 (ijika)| Igama lemisebenzi | Inani le | ixabiso, i-Huby. | Ixabiso, ihlathi. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isiseko, iindonga, izahlulo, ngaphezulu, ukuphahla | |||
| Ithatha i-axes, ubume, uphuhliso kunye nokuphumla | 32m3 | I-750. | I-24,000 |
| Isixhobo sesanti yesanti phantsi kwesiseko | 9m3 | I-410. | 3690. |
| Isixhobo seziseko ze-ribbon yaqiniswa kwikhonkrithi | 16m3. | 2400. | I-38 400. |
| Isiseko se-Masonry kwisiseko seebhloko zekhonkrithi | I-6m3 | 2280. | I-13 680. |
| Ukulinganisa amanzi ngokuthe tyaba kunye nokutshata | seta | - | I-5200. |
| Isixhobo seTokhosa abantu | seta | - | I-3900. |
| Yakha iindonga kunye nezihlulelo ezivela kwi-bar | I-25m3 | 4300. | I-1070000. |
| Yakha ngaphezulu ngokubeka imiqadi, phantsi | seta | - | I-53 900. |
| Ukudibanisa izinto zophahla ngesixhobo se-crate | 75m3. | - | I-17 350. |
| Isixhobo esihamba rhoqo | seta | - | I-9600. |
| Iyonke | 277 220. | ||
| Izixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo kwicandelo | |||
| Isanti | 9m3 | - | I-10,000 |
| Ikhonkrithi inzima | 16m3. | 4500. | I-72,000 |
| Ibhloko yekhonkrithi yekhonkrithi | I-375 i-PCS. | 55. | 20 625. |
| Isamente | Iingxowa ezili-15 | 270. | 4050. |
| I-anticarical engaqhelekanga | I-80l. | Amashumi amathathu | 2400. |
| Ibar. | I-29m3. | I-5500. | I-159 500. |
| Ilaphu elide | I-8 Roll | I-750. | I-6000. |
| Ibhodi ecocekileyo, ibha | 9m3 | - | I-49 500. |
| Ibhodi ye-firmware ifakwe | I-30m2 | 270. | I-8100. |
| I-ruberoid | I-19 Roll | 270. | I-5130. |
| Ityhubhu. | I-2 Bays | I-1500. | I-3000. |
| I-Arsal, i-wire kbanithi, izihlangu zomsebenzi | seta | - | I-9690. |
| I-antiseptic | 10L | I-150. | I-1500. |
| Izipikili zahlukile | I-215kg | - | I-13 300. |
| Abafakeli okwethutyana | seta | - | I-10 200. |
| Iyonke | 374 995. | ||
| * Ukubala kugqityiwe ngaphandle kokuthatha ingqalelo ngaphezulu, ukuthutha kunye nezinye iindleko, kunye nenzuzo yenkampani. |
Abahleli bebulela ukuqina kwe-abs-stroy ngoncedo ekulungiseleleni izinto.