Bamba iisandla

Uphengululo lwezinto zesiteyiri: izixhobo kunye nokudityaniswa, ukuthotyelwa kweMithetho yeTyliory kunye nemithetho yoKhuseleko, iNdibano kunye noFakelo

Ukuba kukho izinyuko ezisendlwini okanye kwindlu, iphantse ibaluleke kakhulu kwingaphakathi. Kukwachanekile ngokuchanekileyo ucingo lwenza lo mhlobiso uphambili. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, akunakwenzeka ukulibala ukuba eyona njongo yoyilo kukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokwenza lula ukunyuka nokuzalwa ngamanyathelo.

"Sm2kvadvadrar" Iphetshana elivulekileyo lokwenza i-ballight, isebenza ngokungakhathali i-balusters ukusuka kwiinkuni ze-tropical okanye i-oak enkulu nge-oak enezintambo zesandla, xa zifuna ukukhumbula amagama eendlela zoyilo. Ngokusesikweni, uluhlu lweengcingo zokubiyela zingaphezulu kwe-thongt: ngokwesiko yahlulwe yaba yi-latrice (eyona ixhaphakileyo), kwiscreen kwaye idityaniswe. Amatyala ayonzakalisayo, njengo, umzekelo, kwizitepsi ezithile kwiibhanti (jonga kwinqaku elithi "Amanyathelo Assima"), ucingo lubona inxalenye yomthwalo kumanqanaba. Kodwa okuninzi ngakumbi kuyilo oluzimeleyo ngokupheleleyo, olunokudityaniswa nenxalenye yothutho lwalo naluphi na uhlobo: ekukhuleni, iziko, iibits, i-idrimos, i-idrios ye-idr. Imikhwa yoololiwe kunzima ekwenzeni i-strirses, igqithise ngokwexabiso kwaye ibangele ubunzima obuthe kratya xa kufakwe. Ngendlela, ibinzana elithi "i-railing" ngamanye amaxesha liphakama isidima: Ihlala isetyenziswa njengesiqholo kwigama elithi "izandla", ngelixa lithetha uyilo oluthile ngokubanzi.

Iinkcukacha malunga neenkcukacha

Kwanaxa, ucingo lwezinto ezimbini, izitepsi ezibini ezineminyaka emibini zinokuqulatha izinto ezininzi. Izinto eziphambili ze-racks ezinomqolo (ukuba ucingo lukhuni, lubizwa ngokuba ziintsika okanye izidlo), ukugcwalisa (i-lattice okanye isikrini) kunye nesandla. Nangona kunjalo, ii-racks zemoto ayisiyonto yoyilo eligunyazisiweyo. Ngamanye amaxesha uzinzo oluthe nkqo oluyinika ukuba lizalise, luqiniswe ekukhuleni, iziko, okanye zibe yimingxunya.

I-Tale ye-bantasin

Ibalaasins zifunyaniswe iikholamu zezitepsi, iveranda, i-balcony. Ezona zixhaphana eziqhelekileyo kwifom yemizimba yokujikeleza (i-vases), enokutyibilika enkuni, ibunjwe kwi-Plaster, ikhonkrithi, iprinta .D. Iibhanti ezikrelekrele zihlala zenziwa ngesandla okanye zenziwa ngoomatshini bokushicilela abaninzi. I-Ballyasina ikwabizwa ngokuba yimveliso yemveliso yensimbi, yetampu ukuba iyi-rack eyahlukileyo kwaye inefom enzima. Iibhendi zomthi eziflethi, ezihonjiswe ngemisonto yokusebenza evulekileyo, ngamanye amaxesha zidibanisa ngokupheliswa kweflethi, kwaye wonke umzobo ngamanye amaxesha usonga kwiipateni zebassine ezininzi.

Ingxaki yocingo phakathi kweekholamu izaliswe ziimpawu ezithe nkqo okanye ezifanayo (ze-inderinal) okanye iziqwenga eziqinileyo (zenziwe, iilayisensi).

Ukongeza kwiingcingo zentsimbi ngoku, izinto ezinde ezinde zokugcwaliswa kwentonga zisetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo, zibizwa ngokuba zi-Tekieres, iinaliti ezinamanqwanqwa, okanye, ziboleka isigama saselwandle, kwaye sizondla isigama solwandle, kwaye zigqekeze isigama solwandle, kwaye zigqekeze isigama solwandle, kwaye zigqekeze isigama saselwandle, kwaye sizigqala. Phakathi kweeracks, ngamanye amaxesha ngamanye amaxesha zisoluliwe kwaye intambo yomtya zihlala zisinyibilikisi. Izinto ezongeziweyo zinokubakho kuloliwe: iiracks, ezidibanisa i-racks kwaye idlula phantsi kwesandla, kwaye isiseko esincinci (ngamanye amaxesha sisebenzisa phantsi kwezi racks.

Ukuba isithuba esiphakathi kwee-racks zomzimba sivaliwe ngegqabi eliqinileyo okanye isixhobo se-Slab, ke ukubiyela kubizwa ngokuba sisikrini. Ukuba izikrini zephaneli zidityaniswe neegrilles ezihlanganisiweyo.

Inxalenye ebalulekileyo ye phantse yocingo lwe-stairs-handrail. Ayifane imele into enye. Ihlala iqokelelwa kusetyenziswa i-bushing exhumayo ukusuka kwizinto ezithe tye kunye nezixhobo, kwaye iziphelo zivaliwe ngeeplagi zokuhombisa.

Ifoto 1.

"Cm2kvadrat"

Ifoto 2.

"Cm2kvadrat"

Ifoto 3.

"Ihlathi laseCaucasian"

Ifoto 4.

IHonka.

1-4. Mhlawumbi, nokuba kulwakhiwo olunye lwesakhiwo ukuba iinkuni azichazwanga ngokuphelela njengokucingisisisi. Iintsika ezimnandi zenkxaso ngohlobo lwezinto ezinqabileyo zintle, ii-Balus ezichanileyo zihonjiswe ngemibandela engenamsebenzi iphela, i-Begnifment ye-Bearial Hablety. Yonke le nto inceda abaqulunqwa ukuze ahlaziye umoya wethayile yakudala okanye indawo yendlu ye-Vitorian

Ukhuseleko lokuhamba

Ayinqabi kakhulu eyona nto iphambili kwaye phantse imfuneko yemfuno yezitepsi kukuthobela isitayile kunye nengaphakathi. I-ALOS, yenzeka ukuba kwangaxeshanye ulibale malunga nokuphila nokhuseleko. Izitepsi "zangagungqi" zintle kakhulu, kwaye zinomnqweno wokufumana lula ucingo ukuba zenze zibe lufuzise, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha, eligqithileyo Imigaqo). Ngamanye amaxesha ucingo aluyi kwanelisa imigaqo yokhuseleko ngenxa yokuba abakhi abayazi imigangatho ekhoyo okanye bafuna ukunciphisa iindleko. Kodwa, nangona iibhaluphars zibiza kakhulu kunemidlalo, akunakulindeleka ukuba zisindise kuzo.

Ngokuka-gost 25772- 83 "Ukubiyela kwezitepsi, i-balconies kunye nophahla lwentsimbi", umgama phakathi kwee-racks zivela kwi-1500mm ukusuka kwi-150mm ukusuka kwinqanaba ukuya kwinqanaba lexesha elide, I-100mm. I-snip 2.01.07- 85 "umthwalo kunye nokuvezwa" kubi-cingo kufuneka lubambeke umthwalo othe tyaba nge-0.3 kn / m (i-30 kgf / m) echaphazela isabelo.

Ibaluleke kakhulu ekunciphiseni intshukumo kwicandelo le-STINA kunye nomgca wezandla: Ububanzi bayo buyi-55-85mm. Ukuphulukana nentswelo-ntle ekukhuselekeni kunye nokulula kwee-handrails kunye nee-roupts kunye neekona kwizitepsi (eziqhubekayo, ukhetho olukhethiweyo). Eluthandweni, iziphelo zesandla kufuneka zenziwe ngemijikelezo. Isisombululo esakhayo apho amanqanaba okuqala ashiywe ngaphandle kwezandla, akunakwenzeka ukuba abizelwe: Ukuwa kwelinye ilizwe akuyongozi kunokuba ngaphezulu ().

Ifoto 5.

Ubunjineli obuqinileyo

Ifoto 6.

"I-Maestro"

Ifoto 7.

"I-Maestro"

Ifoto 8.

"Cm2kvadrat"

5. Iimveliso ezenziwe ngesinyithi kulula ukunika nayiphi na igorha

6. Udonga apho izitepsi zikufuphi, zinokukhuselwa kuMonakaliso kunye noNxweme lwendlela yokuGqibela usebenzisa izikrini

7. Ukugqitywa kokugqibela kwezandla kwenziwa ngendlela yenguqu kwi-rack

8. Ifestile ejongene nezitepsi, ebiyelwe ngobuchule ngamaplanga

Ukuba kukho abantwana endlwini, ufakelo lomdlalo wesibini, "abantwana" bantwana bamkelekile (iqhotyoshelwe kwindawo eyi-500-700mm), umgama phakathi kweeracks kufuneka uncitshiswe kwi-100mm, kwaye ukusuka kwinqanaba kwi Inqaku elisezantsi lexesha, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-20mm. Abo bangazingcayo kwii-racks ezikhoyo okanye iiplanga, sicebisa ukukhetha ucingo oluqinileyo lwesikrini. Ukuba i-shince inamathele eludongeni, ucingo lwenziwa, njengommiselo, omnye umntu. Ukuba izitepsi zivela eludongeni kumacala omabini (ukukhutshwa sisitayile se-screw). I-Inacontal, ukuba i-stair mad inqunyelwe kumacala omabini eendonga, imfuneko yocingo inyamalala, kodwa ngaphandle kwesandla, imele ukwenzela udonga nge-50-70mm.

Ukukhuthaza ukuthanda izinto

Nditsho nocingo olulula oluvela kwi-pine okanye kwi-racks ye-cracks yecandelo likaxande okanye ejikelezileyo, eligudileyo okanye ngepateni edityisiweyo ikwazi ukunika umtsalane wangaphakathi. Ilizwe elinamacala amaninzi, i-engno enamacala amaninzi, ngokungakhathali i-coloniage, i-vintage ye-Vintage yeVidiyo- zonke ezi zitayile zithetha ukusetyenziswa komqadi wamaplanga.

Hayi varnish enye

Iimpawu zocingo zeWoophu zinokupeyinta nakweyiphi na imibala ngokwe-ral yekhathalogu. Ngokugqitywa kwabo, zonke iintlobo zokuxeliswa zikwasetyenziswa: Ukuqulunqwa okwenziwayo, ukungqubana, ukungcungcutheka kweentlobo zeenkuni ezingaqhelekanga. Kufanele ukuba ukhunjulwe ukuba ngenxa yomehluko omkhulu kwi-fibers, iinkuni zamatye aqingqiweyo zibhalwe kakubi ngokungekho ngqiqweni, ngoko ke umbala oyimfuneko uncamathele kwi-varchis enemibala. Ukucocwa kwamazinyo yi-minus ezimbini ezinzulu: Okokuqala, ukuthungwa komthi kufihlwe ngokuthe ufike kakhulu, kwaye okwesibini, umonakalo wendawo wawubonakale kakhulu kwiinkcukacha ezibonakalayo ngale ndlela. Ke ngoko, i-pine kunye ne-gruch ngcono ishiye umbala wabo wendalo. Iimveliso ze-hardwood kutsha nje zikhethwayo ekuthatheni i-tinting okanye ioyile engenamabala.

Umswakama weenkuni ojolise kulwakhiwo locingo akufuneki lube ngaphezulu kwe-12%. Sigxininisa loo nto nakwiinkuni ezomileyo endlwini apho zihlala khona kuphela, ziya kuqengqeleka ngenxa yokufuma. I-thiriling yomthi yenziwa ngeenkuni eziphilileyo zezo zindlu zilandelayo: i-firlowayo (i-goech, i-ash), i-ash), i-birch, i-birch, i-aldar) kunye nengcali (i-pine, i-alfer). Esona sandla sinesidima sexesha elide ka-Lamellae. Okubi ngakumbi, amaqhekeza aqinileyo aqingqiweyo e-Microscope, kunye neendawo zokucoca ezinqunyanyiwe ezivela kwiiplani ezibanzi. Abahlali baqinile, ngaphandle kokuba kufundiwe. Chonga ukuba kwenziwa njani isamba ngesandla, akunzima ukuba unikela ingqalelo kwicala leentsinga kunye neglue thume. Kunqande uBlains onyusiweyo aphantse aqhubekeke entlukweni eqinileyo, kuba engaguquki, njengenye, abonisa indlela yokutolikwa kweenkuni, kwaye ayifanele iphule. Kwangelo xesha, ukuba imveliso egqityiweyo ayifundi kwaye ayisebenzi, kuba ii-billets zithabatha imivalo kwizinto ezisondeleyo kwi-core kufutshane ne-core kufutshane ne-core kufutshane ne-core kufutshane ne-core kufutshane ne-core kufutshane ne-core kufutshane ne-core kufutshane ne-core kufutshane ne-core. Izikrini zocingo ezinqumeni zeklasi ngamanye amaxesha zenziwa kwizihlangu ezigxunyekwe nge-Milling okanye ipateni eqingqiweyo, kodwa ungabenzela i-chipboard eyahlukileyo (i-chipboard ye-chipbor), i-chipboard ye-chipbor) ye-veneer ye iinkuni ezixabisekileyo okanye ubume ukusuka kuloliwe.

Ukubiyela ngokwesinyithi, ukwenziwa kwangaphambili kunye ne-welded, yathandwa ngenxa yefashoni eqinileyo kwisitayile seTech, kunye nexabiso eliphantsi. I-stailing yentsimbi engenasitali i-grating kwi-Matte iqaqambe okanye ifihlwe esipilini. Intsimbi emnyama idityaniswe ngeplastiki, i-enamels, i-chrome kunye ne-nickel, izabelo ze-aluminium azithanga. Iimveliso ezinjalo zinezinto ezininzi ezilungileyo: Zihlala, ziqinile, zinobunzima obuncinci kwaye kulula ukuzifaka. Yintoni enye yeziphatho zentsimbi ezifanayo azinakubizwa ngokuba ziSebenzisiweyo: Babanda ngokuchukumisa, kwaye ukulandelwa kweminwe kuhlala kubo.

Ifoto 9.

Ifoto 10.

Ifoto 11.

Ifoto 12.

I-Albini Fontane.

9-12. Izakhiwo ezikhanyayo ezenziwe ngesinyithi, iinkuni kunye neplastiki zintle kakhulu. Inkqubo ye-Universal ye-proptution ikuvumela ukuba uzifake kwimarike ngeedigri ezahlukeneyo zethambeka

Ukubiyela ngocingo ngemisebenzi evulekileyo yentyatyambo okanye ipateni yejometri iya kuhombisa amatye kunye nesitepsi somthi. Iplasitiki yeemveliso ezibekwe zenza ukuba ikwazi ukusebenzisa phantse nayiphi na imibono yoyilo kunye neminqweno yabanini bezindlu. Umhle kwaye ugocwa, unokuba nembeko kwaye ebaluleke kakhulu, ezi fini ziya kuba ngcono kubantu abatshatileyo kwisitayile sale mihla okanye i-gothic. Nangona kunjalo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ikhumbule ukuba ii-lattaces zinzima kakhulu, kwaye xa ziyila izinyuko, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka zithathele ingqalelo umthwalo kwiziseko ezixhasayo eziza kudala.

Ifoto 13.

"Cm2kvadrat"

Ifoto 14.

"UTula Master"

Ifoto 15.

I-IRBIS

Ifoto 16.

"Cm2kvadrat"

13. Ulolo ngokuzalisa ngohlobo lwewebhu kwibha yentsimbi: Imvelaphi yesisombululo soyilo ayichasanga iimfuno zokhuseleko

I-14-16. Zininzi iindlela zokukhusela iingcingo ezifunekileyo ukusuka kwi-corrosion: Ukusebenzisa (ukusebenzisa ubume, ukuxelisa intsimbi engekhoyo engeyiyo), ukupeyinta i-enamel

Isitayile seHi-Tech

Iinkcukacha zesiphatho ngamanye amaxesha ngamanye amaxesha ziqhagamshela kunye noncedo lwensimbi yensimbi idityaniswa ngokugqibeleleyo kunye neglasi, iglasi emdaka. Ngamanye amaxesha badibanisa ukuqhutywa kwentsimbi emnyama kunye nokuphosa iintsimbi ezingesosidenge (ibronze, i-brass, yobhedu), ukudala ezona patheni zintsonkothileyo kwindawo engalunganga.

I-Multilayer okanye iglasi evuthayo enobunzima be-8-12mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm. I-toning, ukukhula, ukuqhutywa kwedayimani - uluhlu olungaphelelanga lweendlela zokulungisa zeglasi. Izikrini ngamanye amaxesha zenziwa kwi-polycarbonate okanye iglasi ye-ACRICL. Ezi zixhobo zilula kakhulu kwaye zingenakuphela kweyona nto iphosakeleyo ye-rilical (i-Silicate) ye-glacy, kodwa, ngelishwa, umphezulu wezinto ezinjalo awunzima kakhulu, kwaye kulula ukukrwala.

Umzamo wokuxela ngazo zonke izinto kunye nendibaniselwano yazo, enokufumaneka kwiingcingo zezitepsi zangoku, ngokuqinisekileyo ngokuqinisekileyo iyasilela. I-Pearl kunye ne-Crystal, iMica kunye neglasi yeglasi yeglasi, edibeneyo yezixhobo eziye zaba sisiphumo sokusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji ye-teknologies, iyakwazi ukubetha ingcinga ye-connoisses esengqiqweni.

Uluvo lwengcali

Ngamanye amaxesha yenza ucingo lwezitepsi ezisele zimiselweyo zoqwalaselo oluntsonkothileyo lobuchwephesha kunye netekhnoloji enkulu ngakumbi kunokwenza umjikelo wonke womsebenzi ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ekugqibeleni. Ukubuk 'iindwendwe, akusoloko kunokwenzeka ukuba sisebenzise amaxwebhu eprojekthi: Ngexesha lokuba umgca ufika elucingweni, banokulahleka, okanye babizekile, musa ukubonakalisa ubunyani. Isiphumo kukubiyela kumyalelo wokubiyela, kwisiseko semilinganiselo yokubuyisela olu xwebhu, rhoqo ukubekwa kumasifundisane, ukuze kugcinwe yonke i-jometry, kunye nokwenza i "I-Fittings" yamaqhekeza ezenziwe. Ukongeza, kuyimfuneko ukubala umthwalo omiselweyo ovumelekileyo kwizinto ezichaphazela izinto zobugcisa zezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, kunye noyilo lweendawo zokuncamathisela, ngokufuthi ngalo lonke eli xesha sele lufihliwe. Ke, iprojekthi enobuchule bobuchule bokuphumelela sisiqingatha sempumelelo, kwaye sisebenza kuyo ichaphazela ixabiso lemveliso ayiphantsi, umzekelo, uyilo, indleko zokwenziwa kwamalungu.

I-Peter Tsyganov, Ingcali ekhokelayo kwiNkampani i "SM2KVVART"

Ukuqina ngokuqinileyo

Kwindlela efakiweyo, ezonakeleyo akufuneki zibonakale kakhulu, kodwa kunyanzelekile ukuba zibonelele ngamandla amakhulu okuyila, kunye nokuba kungenzeka ukuba kuthathelwe indawo yalo ngexesha lokulungiswa. Akusoloko kunokwenzeka ukuba wanelise zonke ezi mfuno ngexesha elinye.

Indlela yeklasikhi yokuhlanganisa ukubiyela iinkuni-ngoncedo lokunxibelelana okunamathela. Sicebisa (kwizitepsi kwi-cosomers - ngamanqanaba) kunye neziphatho zibambisa iindlwana kwaye iglue i-balin ibuthathaka ye-balin kuzo. Olunye ukhetho ngulowo weSityalo se-balaine kumaxesha onyaka (iplagi-kwimibala ye-cylindrical), kwaye umphezulu uyangena kwi-roove ye-handesinal yezandla.

Izibonda ezinee-rooves ezikhethiweyo zityalwe kwivamenti, eyenziwe kwiziphelo zeTeper (i-Cososov) kunye nesandla, ukongeza ukunxibelelana neenziba ze-wien. (Uyilo lweZinyuko kwi-Parodes kunye nocingo olukhankanya lufuna ukuba izithuba zilungisiwe kwimitha yokugqobhoza.) Indlela echaziweyo ithembekile, kodwa ifuna ukuba ichaneke ichanekile. Isiphumo sixinekile yinkqubo yokwenza ileli, ngaphandle koko, kunzima kakhulu ukutshintsha uBhila onqabileyo kucingo olunje.

Uninzi lwezitepsi zanamhlanje zenziwe nge-fashtener yensimbi okanye eqhelekileyo, kwimo yokugqibela yezikrelemnqa, iibhotile kunye neentloko ze-ticts zidityaniswe emthini, ukuvala iiplagi zomthi.

Iingcingo zentsimbi ziqokelelwa kusetyenziswa uqhagamshelo lwe-welding okanye olubanjisiweyo. Iiracks ezineflethi enamafutha ("izithende") ziqhotyoshelwe ukomeleza i-Conrete ye-Anchor. Siza kuthintela ukuba ukujongana namanyathelo ngepatchch yokusebenzela okanye ezinye izinto ezomeleleyo ngaphambi kokufaka oololiwe kuya kubonelela ngokufakelwa kwizikhundla zexesha eliqinileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha iipleyiti zemali zixutywe ngamanyathelo erinkre, kodwa kuyavakala kuphela ukuba uyilo nolwakhiwo lwezitebhisi ze-jikackey lubekwe kwikhontraktha enye. Izikrini zeglasi zilungisiwe kwiiracks, okanye ngeendlela zentsimbi, kwi-beams ephethe.

Uluvo lwengcali

Xa kuphumza ucingo lwezitebhisi njengento yangaphakathi nangasemva koko, kukho indlela edityanisiweyo yesisombululo esiqhelekileyo. Le ndawo yembono mhlawumbi ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba amathuba obubanzi akhangelene. Ukusela kunye nezinye izinto (ilitye, iinkuni, iglasi) Intsimbi ekwakuvumela ukuba wenze iingoma ezigqityiweyo, iintlobo ngeentlobo zezihluzo. Ngenxa yoko, ukusetyenziswa kwezinto zokwenza ubugcisa kucingelwa xa kusenziwa abantu abangenayo kwi-Piverieval "knight" ye-knight "" kwi-Pieniep "kwimigca ye-asymmetric" ye-fluid "yayo. Ekwenzeni ukubiyela kwe-baroeque, iziqwenga zelitye kwaye ziphoswe kwizinyithi ezingengabi zinokukhetha; I-Gothic, yale mihla kwaye i-Arco ifake ifaka i-gesi efikayo; Ubuhlanga kunye ne "rustic" izinto ezivela kumthi omdala. Ukongeza, i-Itaying isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekuhonjweni kwemithombo yobugcisa eyenziwe ngentsimbi. Iyunivesithi yesinyithi inokuqulunqwa phantse kuyo nayiphi na intshukumisa okhethwe ngumthengi. Kwaye eyona nto iphambili ekufikelelwa kwi-charm ekhethekileyo ukuba isebenze kwi-railing luhlobo olubhaliweyo.

I-Arina Korobeyynikova, umyili we-Irbis

Abavelisi kunye namaxabiso

Ucingo loqoqosho luqokelelwa ekubeni nezinto ezigqityiweyo zemveliso yangaphakathi. Amacandelo anje ngamaplanga asekutyaleni, kubandakanya oololiwe (iintsika, iintsika, iibhodi eziphumayo, "i-wingos", "I-Crystasian SC", "Umlingo womthi "," Muni "," Novik "," Sm2kvadrat "(zonke- risissia) i-idr.

I-thessist yangaphambili (ikakhulu ngu-oda kwangaphambili) ivelisa "i-crystal sk", "inyibiliki", "i-Outo Peer" (yonke i-ro yaseRussia) i-idr. Ixabiso lololiwe luxhomekeke ikakhulu kuhlobo lwezinto kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo zemveliso. Ixabiso eliphantsi yonke intsimbi yensimbi st. I-3 (intsimbi engenanto ibiza kakhulu malunga ne-1.5 amaxesha, ubhedu olunamaxesha amabini-ngaphezulu kwamaxesha ama-2). Ukubiyela ngentsimbi engenasitayile kunye neeracks emva kwe-500mm ixabisa malunga ne-2 lamawaka ruble. Kwi-1 p. m, kwaye ugcwalise iiracks qho i-100mm iya kwandisa ixabiso lee-ruble ezingama-7. Kwi-1 p. m. Ukubiyela kwesikrini kwi-triplex kunye nentsimbi engenasibala yoyilo olulula (amaphepha athile ezihlathini kwi-800-1200mm) ixabisa malunga ne-5 yamawaka ruble. Kwi-1 p. m. Ukuba ufuna ukwenza utshintsho kwiprojekthi eqhelekileyo, iifemu ezininzi ziya kudibana nawe, kodwa, kunjalo, ziya kuchaphazela ixabiso.

Ifoto 17.

"I-Maestro"

Ifoto 18.

"I-Maestro"

Ifoto 19.

Ubunjineli obuqinileyo

17, 19. Ubizo oluguqukayo ukusuka kumaphepha akwiifomathi ezinkulu zeglasi ye-multilayer kunika izitepsi ze-charm ekhethekileyo

18. Izikrini zeglasi zinokwenziwa kwi-frietique.

Ukusuka kubavelisi bamanye amazwe, siphawula i-albibi fontanet, maretti, nelur, t.a.i.l. (Zonke i-Itali), i-Interscala (Greece), i-Antiqua-Techtic, I-Kenngott Trappen (OBA JALARPYT), i-LAPYYTRE), iLapeyre (iLapeyre (i-bies), ivelisa iindidi ezahlukeneyo kunye neengcingo. I-Nefurms emele la mashishini kwimarike yaseRussia kwaye enze ufakelo lweemveliso zabo (umzekelo, "i" Eademy engaphakathi ", u-Elika", ungamanyathelo ngenyathelo lokucingisisa, ngaphakathi Iindlela ezithile zensimbi zendalo iphela kunye neplastiki. Ziya kuxabisa malunga ne-1.5 amaxesha abiza ngakumbi kunoyilo olufanayo kwaye lwenziwe ngezinto ezifanayo zasekhaya.

Iingcingo kwaphunyezwa, zombini nemadlana ngokwaneleyo kwaye kuphela, ukuveza mveliso "Spring M", "Zlatoust Ukulungiswa Factory", "irbis-Service", "Roskada", "nokwakhiwa Russian", "Stonsis", "Tula Master" (Russia) IDR . Ixabiso locingo olubiweyo-ukusuka kwi-4 yamawaka ruble. Kwi-1 p. m.

Ukuveliswa komgaqo-nkqubo kwiprojekthi nganye kuya kubiza kakhulu, kuba ukuveliswa kwezinto ezingezizo ezona zinto kufuna i-bo / ichiza lenkcitho, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha izisombululo ezitsha zetekhnoloji.

Ukubiyela ukubiya kufanele ukuba iinkosi zomenzi. Ixabiso lofakelo ikakhulu lixhomekeke kwimixholo yezixhobo ze-stairses. Kwisiseko somthi okanye isakhelo sensimbi, i-lattice Railing iya kufakwa malunga ne-20-30% yexabiso labo; Ukuba amanyathelo enziwe ngekhonkrithi okanye ilitye (lendalo okanye elemvelo), iindleko zokufakwa zinokuba yi-45% yexabiso locingo.