Itekhnoloji yokwakha yeNdlu yeLog eDibeneyo, evumela ubuninzi bokunciphisa ixesha kunye nexesha lokuma kwicawa.
1- nguphambili;
Iiracks ezi-2 (zincamathisela kwi-trept ngokuzimisa);
I-3-strut phantsi kwendawo yamandla;
4 umtya womnyango;
I-5- i-inshurensi (inzuzo yesandi);
I-6 vaporizotion (i-polythylene);
7- Heath
I-1- gethi ye-tile;
I-2-Sika (i-5050mm);
I-3- QAPHELA IBALI (I-RAR 4540m);
Ifilimu ye-4- membrane;
I-5- Imigodi ye-150mm;
6- rafter;
I-vaporizored;
I-8-Line 500mm;
I-9, ilin;
I-10- icoci lezaliseko lomoya;
11- Bhalisa;
I-12- i-huba yomoya;
I-3 ye-Windcreen;
I-14-imigodi i-100mm;
I-15-Vaporizotion
Inxalenye eyi-1- ephezulu ye-tide ephantsi (ifakwe kwi-slot eludongeni);
2 - ezantsi kwe-tide esezantsi;
3- qasha i-speinkige;
I-4- Cornboard;
I-5- i-tybhu ye-wib yebhodi yeCornice (iqhotyoshelwe kwiPlatletband);
I-6- Coulcetorcorcet (iqhotyoshelwe "eyakho", kodwa hayi eludongeni);
7-
I-8- rama
Ungawunciphisa njani umhla wokugqibela wokwakhiwa kwendlu yehuni, uze wenze ngaphandle kwexesha elide lokuthumela i-shrink? Namhlanje siza kuxelela ngetekhnoloji yokwakha, siyivumela ukuba senze.
Siza kuqwalasela eli nqaku ngolunye lweendlela zokhetho kumzekelo weprojekthi "uVereya". Indlu ye-262m2 yakhiwa ukusuka kwilog eyomileyo yenkampani ye-Petrolical (i-Sank-petersburg). Le nkampani isetyenziswe ngempumelelo yitekhnoloji ebiyiweyo, ethi, kunye nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zemveliso, ifunyenwe eFinland (sele ineminyaka engama-50 ubudala yezindlu zomthi).
Kufanele ukuba ichaze kwangoko ukuba kuluncedo (ixesha elincinci lokwakha kunye nokungabikho kwexesha lokuposa) kufuneka lihlawule: iindonga ze-1m2 zenziwe iilogo ze-ruble. Oku malunga ne-1,7 amaxesha iindleko zodonga olufanayo ukusuka kwi-otlinding yendalo, kodwa kwangaxeshanye izihlandlo ezi-1.2 ezingaphantsi kwexabiso lodonga lwamaplanga, eziqinisekisa izibonelelo ezifanayo.
IPROPR-Intloko
Kuba iseti yeenkcukacha zendlu yenziwa kwiimeko zefektri, emva koko isiqubulo esithi "Masiqale ukwakha, kwaye kwithuba lelinye icala siza kuthatha zonke izisombululo eziyimfuneko" umphuhlisi kufuneka alilibale. Gweba amathuba okwenza naluphi na utshintsho oluncinci kulungelelwaniso lwesakhiwo ngexesha lolwakhiwo, ayizukufumana. Yiyo loo nto kwinqanaba lokuqala kubaluleke kakhulu: Khetha uyilo lwendlu yexesha elizayo, elungele ukulungiselela ukucwangciswa kwesakhiwo, cinga ngendlela yendlela, uyilo lwendlela.p. Eyona nto ifanelekileyo kukuphuhlisa iprojekthi yomntu ngamnye kwisakhiwo, ebiwe ngokuthathela ingqalelo yonke iminqweno yomniniyo, imbiza, indlela yokuphila, kunye nomoya wosapho. Ewe kunjalo, umsebenzi onjalo ufuna iindleko ezithile (iindleko zoyilo ngama-320-40 ruble. Kwi-1M2), kodwa indlu iya kuba lula kwaye isebenze. Ungagcina kweli nqanaba ngokukhetha enye yeeprojekthi ezikhoyo zePhepha (njengoko kufuneka khona, iinguqu ezifanelekileyo. Ke ixabiso kunye nexesha lokuyila liya kuncitshiswa kakhulu.Kule meko, kuba umniniyo wayebalulekile ukudibanisa ukusebenza kwendlu yokuhlala yexesha elizayo kwaye oluncedo kwilungu ngalinye losapho, iprojekthi yoyilo yendalo yenziwa, ithathela ingqalelo yonke iminqweno. Ngokusekwe kule projekthi, iingcali zepetrospecation zaphuhlisa amaxwebhu oyilo oyifunayo zombini ukuveliswa kweseti yamacandelo kumzi-mveliso nakwindibano yabakhi ekhaya.
Indlu iqala ngehlathi
Ukulungiselela kweNdlu yeNdlu kwiTekhnoloji yezindlu ezikhutshelweyo ziqala ixesha elide ngaphambi koyilo lomyalelo wokwakha. Okokuqala, umthi uthenge iNovgorod, i-Irkutsk okanye i-Domainsk okanye i-pine pine kwaye iqhekeza i-pine kwaye inomthi othambileyo weentsini ezihamba ngqo kwiintsinga. Amakhonkco okuqina kwisilayi inqabile, eqinisekisa ukuba amandla afanelekileyo okufaka iindonga, amandla aphezulu emiqadi kunye nezinye izinto zombane. Imithi ayizithathi yonke into emqolo, kodwa eyona ilungileyo, apho bavelisa inyuliweyo. Ukuthengwa kwezingo lokungena ezi-6m zisiwe kwisityalo sokuqhubela phambili.
Uqeqesho lomzi-mveliso lubandakanya ukulungiswa kwangaphambili kwe-faks, ukomisa, ukuqhubekeka kokugqibela koomatshini bokusebenza.
Ngokwaphambi kwempahla, ilogo ilele kumatshini okhethekileyo-ngenxa yoko, amaplanga atshitshisiweyo asibhozo afunyanwa. Ukunciphisa isixa semali ebusweni be-bar enjalo, i-roove ye-cheitudinal inqunyulwe kwelinye icala. Kuya kufuneka icele indawo yokuqhekeka ekhulayo indawo ethile yophuhliso (ikakhulu baphuma kule Groove). Ewe kunjalo, akunakwenzeka ukuba kuthintele ngokupheleleyo ukuvela kweminye imithambo, kunye neendlela zomsebenzi, ezikwinkqubo yokulwa kakhulu, kufuneka zilahliwe. Kodwa kumathuba okuvela kokuvela kwezinto ezintsha kunye nokukhula okukhoyo.
Yintoni efuna ukomisa? Umswakama weenkuni ezisandul 'ukutsha olwenziweyo zihlala zingaphezulu kwe-60% (ngaphandle kwehlathi "ebusika" kuphela). Umsebenzi weWoods yokwenziwa kwezakhiwo zeplanga akufuneki zibe ngaphezulu kwe-25% (ngokwe-snip I-25-80 "izakhiwo zeplanga"). Kodwa nkqu ne-25% suidity iphakame kakhulu, ukuba ufuna ukunciphisa i-shrinkige yoyilo eqokelelweyo. Kungcono ukuba akukho ngaphezulu kwe-20% - kule meko, inokuqinisekiswa ukuba ubungakanani be-shrinkage yokuphakama komgangatho ungayi kuba ngaphezulu kwe-3% ye-REW REWIR yi-6-9%) . Kuya kufuneka kongezelwe ukuba iipores zenkuni ezomileyo zisimahla kumswakama, ikuvumela ukuba usebenzise ngokubanzi imizobo yokukhusela izinyibilikisi eziphilayo. I-Aeesli i-Pow kunye nePostores izaliswe ngumswakama, umbuleli weemali ezinomphezulu uya kuba mncinci, kwaye ukungena kwabo ukuya enzonzobileni kwenkuni.
Iinkuni ezomileyo zinokuba zendalo (emoyeni) kunye neendlela zokufakelwa. Kanjalo imeko, iinkuni zibekwe kwizitavu ezibekwe emoyeni ovulekileyo, kodwa phantsi kwecanopy. Kwiiveki ezimbalwa zokwenza okunjalo kwenqanaba lokufuma, kufikelelwe kuphela iipleyiti kunye nemivalo encinci kuphela. Iilogo ziya komisa ubuncinci iinyanga ezintandathu, ngenxa yeso sizathu, indlu yemveliso eyenziweyo ime ngonyaka, kwaye iphela emva koko igqitywe ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Eyona nto iphosakeleyo yenkqubo yendalo (i-thamossic) iphazamisa i-roses yendawo esebenza kuyo ixhomekeke kwindawo yezitavu ezihambelana nenye, iiroses, ubukho be-sub Indawo nokuphakama kwesakhiwo sesaphulo. Kukwabalulekile ukwenza isantya se-moya moya kwi-stack: ngokugqithileyo kuya kubangela ukuqhekeza, ukuphuculwa komzimba kunye nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Elinye icala elibuthathaka lokukoma kwendalo yimfuno yokuba neendawo ezinkulu zokuposa izitawuli (kuba irenti iyabiza).
Indlela yesibini iluncedo ngakumbi, ubuchwephesha (ubuchwephesha). Kule meko, iinkuni kumagumbi okomo yokomisa zivezwa kukuhamba komoya kunye nokufuma okuthile kunye nobushushu. Ukufudumala umoya ngokuthe ngcembe kuyancipha ngexesha lenkqubo yokomisa, ekuvumela ukuba unciphise umthi. Iqondo lobushushu akufuneki libe ngaphezulu kwe-60 s, kungenjalo i-resin iqulethwe kumthi, ngenxa yoko umbala kunye namandla okhuni uza kutshintsha. Ukuwomisa kuhlala malunga neeveki ezimbini kwaye kukuvumela ukuba ufezekise umswakama ofunekayo: 18-23% kutolike iinkuni zokwakha kunye ne-10-12% yokugqiba. Ewe, ngexesha lokuhamba nangexesha lokufuma, ukufuma kweenkuni kunokukhulisa (umzekelo, phantsi kwesenzo somhlaba we-thamospic), kodwa kukutshintsha kwemozulu, kuya kuphinda batshintshe i-rancir.
Inkqubo yokwenyama ye-artifucle engakuvumi nje ukuba unciphise ukuncitshiswa kwekamva ekhaya, kodwa ulandela iinjongo ezimbalwa. Eyokuqala kukugcinwa kweenkuni (ukuthintela ukubonakala kweblue eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuyo, ukubumba, ukubola, kunye nezinye izifo eziphuhlisa kuphela phambi kokufuma komswakama). Unyuso lwesibini kumandla alo ngoomatshini (ukunika iipropathi ezizinzileyo zenkuni kubo bonke ubukhulu beelogs). Isithathu- ukuphucula umgangatho womphezulu emva kokuqhubekeka kwendlela yokugqibela. Ukomisa kugqitywe amanqanaba emisebenzi yokulungiselela, enziwa ngaphambi kokugqitywa kwesivumelwano nomnini wexesha elizayo ekhaya.
Ukulungiswa kwemvume yokugqibela yelogods sele kuphantsi kwe-odolo ethile. I-Worpieces iqhubekeka kwi-proticmatic "i-quadrilateral" umatshini we-metitudinal manya (i-Finland), ethambisa ii-pikes ze-veldes, i-Grocades, i-Grocades phantsi kwe "Placedes" imingxunya yokuphakama kwamaqhosha. Inkqubo ifana nokwenziwa kwamaplanga, kodwa kule meko ayiyi kuba yibar yoxande, kodwa ilog.
Ke imeko enye ebalulekileyo malunga nokupakisha iiphakheji ngaphambi kokuhamba kunye nokugcina. Complex ekhaya luquka iinkcukacha kunye ubude 0.6-6m, leyo igqityiwe kwaye oyimbumba ibekwe endaweni ekuthiwa-amakhasethi. Ukukhusela iinkuni ngexesha lokuhamba ngomonakalo woomatshini, ukuvezwa kwe-radiation ye-UV, i-ATMOSTERICTROCATIC, UTSHINTSHO. I-Cassette nganye ixhonywe kwifilimu ye-polyethylene. Phakathi kwayo kwaye ilogo ifakwe kwikhadibhodi elele ukuze ifilimu ayiyishiyi ifilimu ngefreyithithi kumthi womthi. Ngaphambi kokuba ukupakishe iinkuni ibe yi-Polythylene, inyangwa nge-antiseptic, izibini eziyenziwa ngaphakathi kwikhasethi esongelwe ngendawo yokuzikhusela eqhubeka ngexesha lokuhamba kunye nokugcinwa. Ukupakisha i-Intesley ayonakalanga ngexesha lokuhamba, emva koko umthi ungagcinwa kuyo ixesha elide.
Amanqanaba okwakha
Ngoku ukuba sigqibe kwelokuba sisebenze ngokulungiselela, sijika ngqo esakhiweni seNdlu, esinokwahlulwa sahlulwahlulwahlulwe ngamanqanaba aphambili:ukwakhiwa kwesiseko;
I-GRAB Indibano;
ukwakhiwa kwamacandelo asezandleni zeendonga zeManshard;
Isixhobo sophahla kunye nophahla "(ukufakelwa, umphunga kunye nokuphuma kwamanzi, i-Domi, inkqubo ezaliswe amanzi);
Ukufakwa kweefestile kunye neengcango zokungena;
I-gasket yoNxibelelwano (uNcedo lwamandla, ukuHanjiswa kwamanzi kunye nokuThumela, ukoyisa umoya.D.);
Ngaphandle nangaphandle komhombiso.
Isiseko
Ulwakhiwo lwandulelwanga bubunjineli kunye nophando lwejografi (ngokwe-snip 2.02.01-83 * "Uyilo lwezakhiwo ezingenamthombo ofanelekileyo kunye nokungenisa i-geolotional ayivunyelwanga" ). Ngokusekwe kwisiphelo, efunyenwe ngenxa yale misebenzi, isiseko se-monolithic isiseko sanyulwa kwiNdlu esezantsi kakhulu kunexesha le-primer yomhlaba (kule meko, malunga ne-1.5 m). Kwagqitywa kwagqitywa ekubeni enze iziseko ezincinci kwigumbi lesiyongi kunye negaraji.
Ekuqaleni, baziphepha iziseko ngobunzulu be-1.7 m, emva koko baqala ukukhulisa imingxunya phantsi kweteyiphu yesiseko: Ububanzi babo bebuphakathi - 0.3 m. Ekupheleni komhlaba phezu komhlaba womhadi, netranche, umqamelo wahlala phantsi, wasuka entlabathi, nengqwaba, umqatha. Emva koko, ezantsi kwegumbi elingaphantsi lezamva, ukulungelelaniswa kwenqanaba elibizwa ngokuba yi-TIN CINGE CINGE GABALAT B7.5 lathulula i-100mm, kunye nokuqengqeleka kwamanzi ajikelezwe ngaphezulu kwe-mastic. Umsebenzi ofakwe kolu lwakhe lwabekwa kuwo, apho kwabekwa khona i-uqinisekiso, kwaye laphosa isiseko se-Slab. Ngaphaya kwempahla nakwiplate, emva koko, kwasungulwa umsebenzi wasemazibeni kunye neendonga zegumbi elisezantsi, ithenjelwa ipleyiti ye-Brand B15 yathunyelwa. Xa ikhonkrithi yekhonkrithi, izikhuselo ze-Decking zabekwa kwindawo yeziseko, ngaphezulu kwesakhelo lesakhelo, kwaye i-monolithic yahlula umgangatho wekhonkrithi. Ukwenzela ukunika ikhonkrithi enikezwe kwikhonkrithi, ngexesha lokuphakaliswa kwenziwe ngokungqinelana, kwaye kwinkqubo yokuvuthwa kwayo yayigutyungelwe, ye-wettred.
Emva kweqonga, umsebenzi wokuphuma wamanzi owenziweyo, ugxile ekugxininiseni kwiindonga zabo ngaphandle kwe "I-Isoplast" ("I-Izulu", iRussia). Iithayim zekhonkrithi zisuswe nge-bimouraus mastic. Isithuba esiphakathi kweRolbons sasigutyungelwe yiPolyethylene, ngaphezulu kwendawo yesanti kunye ne-termick ye-50mm ye-50mm igalelwe ngaphezulu kwesanti ye-Sandbhoni-ikuvumela ukuba uthintele ukuhluma kwezihlunu zezityalo.
Yakha i-srub
Inkqubo yendibano yaqala ngokuhamba ngeenyawo phantsi kweendonga zecawa kwi-subroofing, ifakwe iBhodi ye-antiseptic, elona pine i-Line ngeCandelo le-Anchor. Kwiipleyiti zokuvala, isithsaba emva kwesithsaba sibeka ilogi. Ukufakelwa kwe-thermal kunye nokungabikho kokushicilelwa kwe-quavers kwenziwa malunga neendleko zebhukumaki kwii-grooves zenzwanen yenzwane.
Ukuzinza kweendonga zelog zinikezelwe ngeendlela ezininzi. Iimpazamo zelog kwiimeko zefektri zamiswa imingxunya ethe nkqo enemingxunya ye-24mm. Umzekelo, kwiilogo ebezinikwe iindonga zangaphakathi, imingxunya enjalo ikwi-200mm kumacala omabini e-axis yesitya selog kwaye kumgama omnye ukusuka esiphelweni sivele emnyango. Abenzi begumbi elisegumbini, imibhobho yensimbi efakiweyo enemibhobho ye-20-22mm, eshiye i-GAP, eyenza i-3-4% yodonga lodonga lwe-cub (ipesenti ye-shrinkage yendlu). I-Woodings kwi-ESIRS (I-Logs ye-Logs kwinxalenye yangaphandle yesikithi) ifakwe ixesha elide lentsimbi, ebakhusela kuzo zombini ngamantongomane. I-stred enjalo iguqukile kukungqinelana kweelog ezikwigumbi elingaphezulu elisezantsi lingahlala lilungile ekuqinisekiseni i-nati kwisiphelo se-hairpin. Makwenziwe kwiminyaka yokuqala ye-1-1.5 yokusebenza kude kube kwenzeke i-strinkid yokugqibela. I-Witht yexesha elifanayo ikhutshiwe kwaye ihlengahlengisa i-bolts-jacks yekholamu ixhasa ukuxhasa i-balcony.
I-Furleings
Emva kwe-1.5-2m, iindonga zangaphandle kwisityalo esomileyo kuphela kwimicimbi apho i-sture ifakwe khona. Eminye imingxunya ene-1.5-2m yenziwa kwindawo yokwakha xa uhlanganisa ukusikwa - baqhutywa yi-Woodden (imibhobho yentsimbi apha ukuyisebenzisa ukuba ingenakuthelekiswa nanto ukuba i-concestate, ingenzi i-corosion). I-Woolden isetyenziswe ngobuqhetseba xa uhlanganisa iindonga zangaphakathi, ukuba umgama phakathi kwemibhobho yentsimbi yayinkulu kakhulu.
Ngenxa yokuthengiswa kweendonga zelogo, iminyango kunye nokuvuleka kwefestile kwenziwa ziibhokisi okanye iiklabhu "ze-p-fan", apho bakushiyayo i-GAP (3% yokuphakama) ezizaliswe kukufakwa okuthambileyo.
Iindawo ezihamba apho kungekho zincinci, igumbi elingaphantsi lenziwa kwi-antiseptic efakwe kwicandelo lama-21045mm (engaphezulu kwe-600 mm), ngokusekwe kwibhodi yokulala. I-overlap yomgangatho wokuqala yenziwa phantse imanyano olufanayo kwisithsaba esihambelana nodonga. Ukunciphisa ilahleko yendawo ephantsi kwamathambo ophahla kumgangatho we-attic ukuya kumgangatho omncinci, iindonga zelog ziphakanyisiwe nge-1.2m ephezulu yomgangatho wokuqala.
Indibano yendibano yeGrub Carns yaphathwa ngombala we-DFEATEX (i-mpumprt, iJamani). Oku kukuvumela ukuba unyuse umswakama okanye ngokuhlala rhoqo ngobuqhetseba ukugcina umgangatho weelog, umbala kunye neepropathi.
Umgangatho waseMansard
Uyilo lophahla
Uyilo lwe-raft oluqokelelwe kwimigangatho ye-glued, i-Grip-Maam kunye neeBhodi (Icandelo kunye neeRight Grafters zabalwa nguMyili), ishunshile ingakumbi. Indawo yangaphakathi ibibekwe kunye nongqikelelo lwe-insulli (i-Mineral Plate) ngobungqingqwa be-150mm, ekwenzeni ukuphakama kwe-50mm ye-50mm engentla (efunekayo kwi-Airborne (i-GAP iqinisekisiwe ukuba ubungqingqwa bemivalo ye Uvavanyo lwentengo. Ukusuka ezantsi, ukufakelwa kwakhuselwa yi-vapor barriers "R95 I-R95 STROKEK Ngapha koko, ikhreyithi yekhreyithi kwaye zadityaniswa kwi-teehe yentsimbi yentsimbi (eFinland). Ke, i-theile yentsimbi evela kwi-inshurensi yahlukanisa izithuba zomoya ezimbini. Ukuqokelela amanzi ukusuka eluphahleni, ofakwe i-chacenu sliba suba (iSweden) amanzi.Iwindow
Umnini weNdlu wakhetha iifestile ezivela kwi-Europyl nge-hild chropy windows (ubukhulu beebhloko zewindows - 78mm). Yenziwe ngokweetekhnoloji zale mihla kwaye ikhuselweyo, zinokusebenza ixesha elide ngaphandle kweengxaki. Xa iWindows ifakwe kwangaphambili kwi-Polit kunye neebhokisi ezigutyungelweyo ze-lacroer-gubungela kwakhona idlala indima yamathambeka. Oku akwenza lula kwaye kunciphisa umsebenzi wokugqiba, kodwa kukuphucula ukubonakala kwefestile kuvuliwe, kuba akukho gwebu lizaliswe ngumthunzi.
Iinkqubo zobunjineli
Enye yeenzuzo zezindlu zenkuni yindalo yendalo yegumbi - ukutshintshiselana ngokusisigxina kudonga lwamaplanga (njengoko besitsho, indlu ye-"P "). Ke ngoko, ukufakelwa kwezixhobo ze-ventilation kwafuneka kuphela kwigumbi lokuhlambela, kwigumbi lokuhlambela, ikhitshi kunye negumbi le-boiler. Ukutyalwa, igumbi lokuhlambela kunye negumbi lokuhlambela lalicwangcisiwe lendalo (okanye enye, lokuzifundela) yokuzifundisa umoya. Ekhitshini kuye kwaxhamla i-hood enyanzelisiweyo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo ye-shoge, malunga ne-7m ukusuka kwindlu ikhwela inkqubo yonyango lwamanzi amdaka asekuhlanjini Enkosi ngokusetyenziswa kweekhasethi ezizodwa, iqinisekisa ubomi obude benkonzo, inqanaba eliphezulu lokuhlanjululwa kunye nobuncinci bendawo yemigangatho ye-chinage, kwaye ukongeza, ayifuni mbane ongezelelweyo.
Gqiba
Imigangatho efudumeleyo yamanzi yalungiswa kumagumbi okulala kumgangatho wokuqala. Isiseko sekhonkrithi sabekwa ngeFlelex "ye-therik", i-siki ", iRussia), apho kufakwe i-grid yegridi (iphakanyisiwe ngaphezulu kwenqanaba le-istator nge-10mm). Emva koko, kwigridi, imibhobho yomgangatho ofudumeleyo wamanzi waqiniswa kwaye yonke inkqubo yayigcwele imigudu. I-nasemagele nakwigumbi lokuhlambela elisebenzisa "i-R-1", eRussia, eyenza umsebenzi wokulungelelaniswa okuthile, kwaye ubeke iithayile ze-ceramic kuyo. Ukongeza, "i-Plovetonite P-1" isetyenzisiwe kwizakhiwo ze-Onal, ezazifakwe kumgaqo-nkqubo wokugqitywa "kwePloventote p-3" ngomsebenzi onesigaba. I-stalley yabekwa kwindawo ye-stynoflex ("isibonelelo", iRussia), kunye nebhodi yeqela lepalika kuyo.
Umhombiso wangaphandle nowangaphandle. Njengoko kuchaziwe, kwinkqubo yendibano, indlu yelog yanyangwa ngokuqulunqwa kwe-DFEATEX engenabala. Emva kokugqiba le nqanaba, iindonga ezingasenzi kwisicelo somnini sekhaya sigutyungelwe nge-dfaatex ultragel ultragec (i-vidiyo). Bakuxabisa ukwakhiwa kweenkulungwane eziqinisekisiweyo, eyona ndlela ithembekileyo-ngoncedo lwebrashi: Itshabalalisa amaqamza emoyeni kwimikhono kunye ne-cavices emthini, ukuthintela ukungathengisi. Iindonga zangaphakathi zigutyungelwe ngama-lacquer esekwe emanzini (i-inki), iRussia), i-Alkyd Vardish yeNkampani ye-salolin (i-Estonia).
Ukubalwa okwandisiweyo kweendleko zeNdlu yeendleko ze-262m2, efana neThongelweyo
| Igama lemisebenzi | Inani le | Ixabiso, | Iindleko |
|---|---|---|---|
| Umsebenzi osisiseko | |||
| Uphuhliso kunye nenkunkuma | seta | - | I-81 700. |
| Isixhobo seepleyiti zeSiseko, iindonga zeZiseko, iipleyiti zekhonkrithi eqinileyo | I-105m3. | I-3175. | 333 375. |
| Iyonke | I-415 075. | ||
| Izixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo kwicandelo | |||
| Ikhonkrithi inzima | I-107m3 | 2400. | I-256 800. |
| Tyhala | I-15m2. | I-900. | I-13 500. |
| Iplanga | 9m3 | 3500. | I-3100. |
| Intsimbi, ukuqiniswa, izihlangu zomsebenzi wezakhiwo kunye nezinye izinto | seta | - | I-159 700. |
| Iyonke | I-461 500. | ||
| Iindonga, ukwahlula, ukugqobhoza, ukuphahla | |||
| Yakha iindonga kwiiLogo | I-63m3 | 2600. | 163 800. |
| Umsebenzi wokulungiselela, ufakelo kunye nokugcuma kwesakhiwo | seta | - | I-17 000 |
| Ukudibanisa izakhiwo zesakhelo | I-83m2. | I-210. | I-17 430. |
| Yakha i-Overlap ngokubeka imiqadi | 345m2. | I-150. | I-51 750. |
| Ukudibanisa izinto zophahla ngokufaka amanzi | 230m2. | I-420. | I-96 600. |
| I-oveni yeendonga ezikhethiweyo yibhloko | I-46m2. | 320. | I-14,720 |
| Ukufakelwa kwengubo kunye nokugqobhoza | I-140m2. | 165. | I-23 100. |
| Isixhobo sokuthinta intsimbi | 230m2. | I-210. | I-48 300. |
| Ukufakwa kwenkqubo ye-drain | I-57 pog. M. | I-220. | 12 540. |
| Ukutshiza | I-90M2. | 230. | I-20,700 |
| Ukufaka iwindow kunye neebhloko zecango | seta | - | I-61 225. |
| Umsebenzi wombane kunye nomsebenzi | seta | - | I-257 900. |
| Ukugqiba kwangaphandle | seta | - | Ngama-25 650. |
| Ukugqiba ngaphakathi | seta | - | I-467 300. |
| Iyonke | 1 278 015. | ||
| Izixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo kwicandelo | |||
| Izakhiwo zezakhiwo, amaplanga eSawn, abonise | seta | - | 1 619 740. |
| I-antiseptic dfatex | I-180l | I-150. | 27,000 |
| I-incumation | 2000 M. | 4.5 | I-9000. |
| Iphepha le-FOLD lensimbi, i-Dobormye | seta | - | I-120 100. |
| I-Interfar Paroc, i-ProOFOOOF | seta | - | I-100 880. |
| Inkqubo yokuhamba | seta | - | I-18 200. |
| Ifestile yewindows kunye neebhloko zendlu, izilonda | seta | - | I-400 850. |
| I-ceramic tile, izinto zokuhlobisa, ii-varnis, iipeyinti, imixube eyomileyo, izilonda kunye nezinye izixhobo | seta | - | I-493 100. |
| Izixhobo zokwenza imibhobho kunye nezixhobo zombane | seta | - | 427 400. |
| Iyonke | I-3 216 270. | ||
| * -Contacts ezigqityiweyo ngaphandle kwe-Accounting ye-Overhenter, ukuthutha ukuba.P. Inkcitho |
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