Ngokusekwa kweekona kunye neekota
Ukubeka iindonga zezitena ze-Brick-ntund kunye nanamhlanje yindlela esetyenziswa kakhulu yokwakhiwa kwezixhobo ezibiyela kunye nezigqeba zenkxaso. Iintlobo ngeentlobo zeendlela zokhetho ezikuvumela ukuba wakhe kwizakhiwo zezitena zalo naluphi na uyilo kunye ne-certing, ukubeka i-quides, izitena zayo ngobuso, ilitye lokuhombisa. Inqaku lethu lazisa ngomfundi oqhelekileyo kwiindlela zokwakha kunye neendlela ze-masonry
Isitena nodaka
Abakhi babandakanya izitena kudidi lwelitye lokufakelwa. Ewe, izitena aziphantsi kwelitye, kwaye kwiintlonelo ezininzi ezigqithayo. I-Brick-Clay kunye ne-Silicate ayimngxunya kwaye izele zimhlophe. Kuba i-Bricate Brick i-hygroscopic, emva koko iphantsi kwenqanaba lokufumana amanzi okanye kwiindawo ezine-suidity ephezulu ayisetyenziswanga. Izitena ezigcweleyo namhlanje zisebenza kuphela xa zibeka ulwahlulo, iziko, ii-chimneys. Inyani yile yokuba kubushushu baso obukhuselekileyo, iphantsi kweyona nto ininzi yezinto zokwakha. Umzekelo, ukuxhathisa kokudluliselwa kobushushu kweendonga zezitena ezigcweleyo ngamaxesha amathathu anesiqingatha kuneendonga zenkuni. Ke ngoko, iindonga ezingaphandle zakhiwe ikakhulu kwi-hollow (ukusebenza) isitena. Ukufakwa eyongezelelweyo kodonga lwezitena olunemizila yoboya, i-agggate yekhonkrithi yeselula, i-foam yenza ukuba ikwazi ukwandisa ukusebenza kwe-30 ukuya kwi-200% kwaye kuncitshiswe ukusetyenziswa kwezitena.
Iindonga ezenziwe ngezitena zifakwe kwizisombululo ezibophelelayo eziqukethe isamente, isanti kunye namanzi, ezongeziweyo, ukuba kukho imfuneko, i-Chemicals kunye ne-Chemicals kunye ne-Chemicals kunye nezixhobo zokusebenza ebusika. Xa usebenzisa isamente yamaBanga 500, i-400 nama-300, umyinge wesamente kunye nesanti kwisisombululo kufuneka ibe yi-1: 3, ama-3: 1. Isamente ithathiwe kwindawo yokwakha ezingxoweni, isanti yile ifakwe ngesandla ngesandla. Isisombululo se-Masonry silungiswa kumxube omncinci wekhonkrithi, kodwa inokwenziwa ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji. Kwimeko yeeplanga, isifuba esingaphantsi kwephepha lensimbi siphikisiwe, apho isanti kunye nesamente ithululwa kwixabiso elifunayo kwaye ixube ifosholo ide ibuye i-shorlogeous ngombala. Emva koko amanzi ethe tyaba ngokuthe ngcembe kwisamente yesamente kwaye uxuba ngokupheleleyo ubunzima bokufumana isisombululo sokungaguquguquki. Umqolo wezitena ezilandelayo ubekwe kwisisombululo, ukuzalisa kwakhona ukubeka imiphandle. Ubungqingqwa besisombululo kwimijelo ethe tye yeendonga buvela kwi-10 ukuya kwi-15 mm, kwi-faks (phakathi kweetshipsi) - 8-15mm. Isisombululo silungiswa ngenani elinokutyiwa de umxube ulahlekelwe yi-Viscofity kwaye iqala ukulunga.
Iimpawu zezitena zeendonga ze-masonry
| Jonga isitena | Imilinganiselo ye-MM. | Ubunzima besitena esinye, kg |
|---|---|---|
| Ukucinezelwa kweplastiki yesiqhelo | I-25012065. | 3.2-3.5 |
| I-Clay Hoble iplastiki kunye nokucinezelwa kwe-semi-eyomileyo: | ||
| tshatile | I-25012065. | 2.2-2.8 |
| Ngaphezulu | 25012088. | 2.9-3.7 |
| phinda kabini | 250120138. | 4.6-5.8 |
| I-Silicate: | ||
| tshatile | I-25012065. | 3.3-3.7 |
| Ngaphezulu | 25012088. | 4.5-5.0 |
Iindidi kunye neendlela ze-masonry
Logama nje ukuqaqamba kufikelela kubude obungaphezulu kwe-1.2 m, i-mason isebenza ngaphandle kwezixhobo ezincedisayo. Emva koko ukulungiselela intshukumo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabantu abajikeleze umda wesakhiwo esakhiweyo, i-fats ifakwe, amahlathi anqabileyo angenayo. Ezona zixhobo ziphambili zokubeka izitena zikhohliswa, i-hammer, plumb, ibhetshi, uloliwe, inqanaba. Izitena zesitephu zinqunyulwe kwidiski yedayimani yedayimane.
Isipikidi siquka iivesi ezibekwe ecaleni kodonga ngaphandle nangaphakathi, kwaye kukho ukuzaliswa phakathi kweendinyana. Umqolo wokungenisa, apho izitena zikwicala elikude (iSpoon) ngaseludongeni, zibizwa ngokuba sisiphoso, isiphelo senxalenye (tych) - amawele. Amandla okuphambuka kunye nokudalwa kwephethini ethile kumphezulu wangaphambili wodonga kufezekiswa ngokunxiba izitena-ezinye ze-spoons kunye ne-roows yokufuduka komqolo ngamnye kwikota nganye okanye kwisiqingatha secala. Xa iindonga zamiswa kunye nomkhonto wangaphandle wezithungo, i-lineng yomqolo ejongene nayo yenziwa ngaphandle kwemigca emihlanu. Ngokubekwa ngokuqinileyo kweendonga zangaphandle, ukuzalwa ngokutsha kweSemms kunokuhamba kumqolo ngamnye kunye nemigca emithathu okanye emihlanu. Amandla okunyuka anyuke kakhulu ukuba kuyanyanzelwa yigridi yentsimbi nge-6-12 cm ngegridi yentsimbi ngegridi yentsimbi.
Ukuphazamiseka kwemiqolo vest kwenziwa ngeendlela ezimbini: ukuba usebenzisa kwaye usebenzise. Eyokuqala ayiphelelanga ngokupheleleyo i-SEW-isetyenziselwa xa iindonga zeendonga zingenayo, okwesibini, ngokuzalisa iziteto, xa ibeka kwizitena ezimbini ecaleni kodonga. Kule meko, isisombululo, sicekeceke kumphezulu wodonga, silungiswa ngeeseli. Ukuthe nkqo kwe-Masryry itshekishwe nge-plub, ethe tyaba ngaphezulu komqolo wezitena nge-crials enamacala aphezulu ahambelana nobude be-2-2.5 m nenqanaba. Isitenxo somphezulu wodonga sityhilwa ngokusebenzisa uloliwe ofanayo kuyo ngokuthe nkqo nangoku. I-seams iqhutywa ngesixhobo sesinyithi (isandi) emva kwe-masonry qho kwiitoti ezingama-3-4. Eyokuqala yokwandisa imiqolo eyomileyo ngokukhawuleza, landela ethe tyaba.
Ukuqhubela phambili amathumba omhlaba
1.V Proustoy
2. Ngokuhlolwa kwe-Seams:
a) roller;
b) Flip
3. Ikhowudi yekhowudi
I-Masonry esebenzayo
Kulwakhiwo lwanamhlanje lwendlu, ukubekwa kukathathu, kwavumela ukuba kubethe iindonga ngaphandle kokutshintsha iipropathi zabo zobugcisa zobushushu. Ukuselwa kancinci kwezitena kunye nokuchasana nobushushu obukhulu kufumaneka kwicandelo elinamanzi amathathu, apho inxenye yangaphakathi (i) inxenye ye-Inner (i) inxenye eyenziwe ngesitena esisebenzayo, kwaye i-off (ukuzixhasa) sisitena sezitena. Intsingiselo efunekayo yokuchasana kwendlela yokudluliselwa kobushushu oBushushu kubonelelwe kukusetyenziswa kobushushu obufundisisayo kunye nobungakanani obuyimfuneko obufakwe phakathi kodonga olukhoyo kunye nokujongana. Ukuba isisombululo soyilo se-face sabandakanya ukuhla kwe-fall, emva koko imiqolo yangaphambili ibotshelelwe ngodonga oluphambili kunye nodonga lwe-tile okanye imiqolo yentsimbi. Rhoqo ngesixhobo sokufakelwa kobushushu, iipleyiti ezivela kwi-Babalt fibers okanye i-polystrene foam isetyenziswa. Udonga oluvaliweyo olunobunzima be-51cm kwiimpawu ezifihlakeleyo zobushushu zilingana nezitena eziqinileyo ezivela kwizitena ezigcweleyo kabini. Iiplate zokuthambisa zifakwe ngokuthe nkqo phakathi kweendonga zangaphakathi nangaphandle. Iinxalenye zezitena ze-bite ezifumanekayo zibodwa zibodwa zibodwa amalungu emali owenziwe kwi-Wiednity enobubanzi be-4.5-6mm okanye i-ficklass, nge-4 m2 yendawo yodonga. Inyathelo labo lokuphakama nobubanzi luxhomekeke kubungqingqwa bezinto zokufakelwa. Iziphelo zekhonkco zibekwe ngaphandle nangaphakathi kodonga ukuya kubunzulu obuyi-6-8cm.
Ngokufanelekileyo, isixhobo sommandla womoya ophumeleleyo siyadingeka phakathi kwenxalenye yangaphandle yodonga kunye neeplate zodonga. Ubungqingqwa bayo bufanele bube yi-20-30 mm. Ukuhla kwe-ventilation elungileyo, iimveliso ezingasentla kufuneka zenziwe kwii-emes, ezantsi, iziseko. Ukudalwa komoya kucacisiwe ngokweetekhnoloji kwaye kuyabiza. Ixabiso le-1m2 yodonga loloyilo lusondela kwiindleko zodonga ukusuka kwi-Brick ebiyele ihlatyiwe, apho kufikelelwe khona. Ke ngoko, kwiindawo zokwakha zengingqi yeMoscow zihlala zenza isisombululo, sibeke emzimbeni wesitena ngaphandle kwesap somoya. Ye-may-sub-fallry isebenzisa i-hollow okanye izitena ezinamachaphaza. Ukujamelana ne-face ngesitena senziwe ngommiselo wethungo. SIKUFUNYELWE NGUMIZI IINGXAKI ZAMNYE, IXESHA LENZIWE kwiindonga ezimbini kunye nobungqiwa-mali obungaphantsi kwe-380 ne-120 mm kwaye ibekwe phakathi kwabo ubukhulu bee-5 cm. Amandla oyilo anikezela ngoqhagamshelo lwensimbi okanye ukuqiniswa kwemiqolo yegridi ye-mason. Sibonisa udonga lwe-II ulele phantsi kodaka, thatha imiqolo yobuso kunye nodonga oluphambili ngemigca ye-tile. Inqaku elakhayo lolu hlobo lokwakhiwa lifuna inqanaba eliphezulu lomsebenzi, kunye nokuqiniswa okungaphezulu kwamantshontsho kunye namalungu omgangatho emazantsi eendonga.
Udonga oluqhelekileyo lwe-liner
Ngonxibelelwano lwensimbi
1. ngaphakathi kodonga lwezitena.
2. Inxalenye yangaphandle yodonga lwezitena.
3. Ukufakwa.
4. Iibhondi zentsimbi ezivela kwi-uqinionsed w 4.5-6mm okanye i-fiberglass ngenqanaba le-4 isinxibelelanisi se-4m2 umphezulu wodonga.
I-Brick yodonga olukumathathu ephantsi kwe-stucco ngoqhagamshelo lwezitena
1. UNXIBELELWANO LWE
(Uyilo lwangaphandle lwe-tychos)
2. I-Provester Plaster.
3. Ukufakwa.
Iindidi zodonga oluncinci
Ukusuka kumatye afakelweyoa) Ukubekwa kwesitena esiqhelekileyo;
b) Iindonga eziHightweight zezitena eziqhelekileyo ezinodonga oluthe nkqo
(I-welding masry);
c) Iindonga eziHights zeZitena ezinamaqhuqhuva ezinamabhondi ethe tyaba ngendlela ye-tychkies
(Ikhonkrithi ye-Brick-ikhonkrithi);
d) udonga lwe-ceramic ekujoliswe kuyo.
Masonry
Isisombululo se-Masonry yokuthuka kufuna iqondo lobushushu elifanelekileyo kunye nendawo emanzi. Xa iqondo lobushushu liyancipha, inkqubo icotha kakhulu, kwaye ngamaxabiso amabi, iyayeka konke konke. Isisombululo sokuqaqamba iprintations, ukubeka i-Deams Eams ayifakwanga. Xa ukhankanya phantsi kwempembelelo yemixokelelwane, ukugxininisa okungaphezulu kunye nokuphulukana nozinzo kunye namandla endlela. Ixesha lokungatyalwa kwesisombululo ziintsuku ezingama-28, ngenxa yoko, ngenkunkuma kwangoko, kunye nokutsha, amandla ayo ancitshiswa ngesiqingatha ukusuka kwi-ofter. Izinto zekhemikhali ezikhulisa ukuxhathisa iqondo lokushisa eliphantsi zongezwa kwisisombululo ebusika.
Isisombululo se-Masonry kunye nezinto zekhemikhali ezikhululekileyo kubushushu obuphantsi, isamente kuyo ivumba elivuthiweyo ngokukhawuleza. I-punching supples isebenzisa i-sodium hloride, i-calcium chloride, sodium witite, polbosh (carbon diokside). Uhlobo lobutshijolo lumiselwe yiprojekthi. Isisombululo sekhemikhali sekhemikhali asisetyenziswa ukuba iprojekthi ikhulise ukufuma kumaziko eprojekthi (kwizitya, amagumbi okuhlambela). Iikopi zeekhemikhali zezongezo ze-hygroscopic, ngenxa yoko ukuhanjiswa okunokuvela ezindongeni. Umqhubi oneezongezo kufuneka asetyenziswe phambi kweseto. I-Humemer ibeka inamaqondo obushushu e-5 ° C. I-frozen kwaye iphinde ifuduselwe ngesisombululo esishushu samanzi ayivumelekanga. Qiniseka ukuba uthobela iimfuno kunye nemiyalelo echaza hayi kuphela uhlobo lwezihlobo, kodwa nenani lezongezo, iimeko zokusebenza okulandelayo kwezakhiwo.
Naxa ujongene nesisombululo sokunyuka kwe-rost ye-rost, imiphandle ye-masonry kufuneka izaliswe kakhulu kukukhupha. Kule, isisombululo sigubungela iindawo ezincinci: kuba izitena ezimbini ezifudumeleyo nesine-5 ukuya kwesithandathu ekuxhelweni. Misa i-Brick kwaye wenze ukuba lukhuphele ngokukhawuleza. Ngokukhawuleza kufuneka ukhokele i-masonry ngexesha elinye ubude bodonga kwaye ukuphakama, ukwenzela ukuba kube nexesha lokufaka isisombululo esiphantsi somthwalo wezitena. Oku kubalwa ngenxa yeeplati. Ukusebenza emsebenzini ebusika, i-mason kufuneka iqwalasele ngokupheleleyo ubukhulu obumiselweyo bokuthe tyaba kunye nokungathe nkqi. I-Masonry indala iiyure ezimbini, isimo sezisombululo esingafakwanga sivela kuphela emva kokuphela kwayo: kwi-thaw okanye intwasahlobo. Ngenxa yoko, ubukhulu beSeam bungaphezulu kwesiqhelo bungakhokelela kwi-sediment enkulu kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kodonga.
Zonke izikhonkwane ezithe nkqo zokwenza ubusika ngaphambi kokuba ikhefu emsebenzini kufuneka izaliswe ngononophelo nodaka. Ngexesha lekhefu, kuyimfuneko ukugubungela umaleko ongafakwanga wophahla okanye isitena ngaphandle kwesisombululo (somile). Ngaphambi kokuqala komsebenzi, umphezulu uhlanjululwe kwikhephu, isisombululo esiqaqambileyo, impundu. Qiniseka ukuba ujonga ukungabikho kodonga, kuba ukuphambuka kumgangatho wesiqhelo ngexesha lokwandiswa kudlule ngenxa yeziphumo ezibi. Isibhedlele, ngaphakathi kwesakhelo senqaku elidumileyo akunakwenzeka ukuqwalasela zonke izinto ezininzi zetekhnoloji ye-Brick. Ndicinga ukuba oku akuyomfuneko kumfundi. Into ephambili kukuba abanini bezindlu ze-Brick baphuhlise umbono wokuba bawa njani na. Ungayifunda le ngxaki ngokweenkcukacha ngakumbi ngokunxibelelana noncwadi olukhethekileyo.
I-avareji ye-Brick Conser yodonga
| Umthamo we-Masonry / I-MAYRYRY SINGRENT, CM | Ubungakanani besitena | Ngaphandle kweSems, iPC. | Ukuthathela ingqalelo imithungo echithiweyo, iiPC. |
|---|---|---|---|
| I-1m3 Masonry | Nye | I-512. | 394. |
| 1.5 | 378. | 302. | |
| 2. | 242. | 200. | |
| I-1m2 Masonry kwi-0.5 izitena / 12 | Nye | 61. | I-51. |
| 1.5 | 45. | 39. | |
| 2. | Amashumi amathathu | 26. | |
| I-1m2 Masonry kwi-1 Brick / 25 | Nye | I-128. | I-102. |
| 1.5 | 95. | 78. | |
| 2. | 60. | 52. | |
| I-1m2 Masonry kwi-1.5 yezitena / 38 | Nye | 189. | 153. |
| 1.5 | I-140. | I-117. | |
| 2. | 90. | 78. | |
| I-1m2 Masonry kwi-2 yezitena / 51 | Nye | 256. | 204. |
| 1.5 | I-190. | 156. | |
| 2. | I-120. | I-104. | |
| I-1m2 Matsry 2.5 Izitena / 64 | Nye | I-317. | 255. |
| 1.5 | 235. | 195. | |
| 2. | I-150. | I-130. |