Ubugcisa bamaTshayina amandulo ukuze baphile ngokuhambelana nendalo abanomdla kungekuphela njengabathandi be-onsootic. Iimfihlo, imithetho kunye nesigama se-firimology.
Ifoto v. chelleshev
Izilwanyana ezine zasezulwini
Ikhampasi Geomanta
Isitayile saseTshayina kubantu abaninzi baseYurophu badume ekuqaleni kwe-xviii. Ukuchitha iingcango zothando ezingaqhelekanga kukuthenga ifanitshala yesiko kunye nezibane, ukuzama ukufezekisa imvumi yangaphakathi ehlukileyo, enobunkunkqele empuma yempuma
I-BA GUA.
I-fengshui (moya "umoya" kunye "namanzi") -Imfundiso yesona sixhobo sithandekileyo ebantwini kunye nendawo yokuhlala, ezazingcwaba kwiChina yakudala.
"Yintoni iFengshui?"
Ngombuzo onjalo, umthunywa wevangeli wesiNgesi kunye nenzululwazi ye-Ernnnn e-Adkel iqala ngencwadi yakhe ye-1873. ELondon kwaye uye waba sisifundo sokuqala ngesi sihloko eYurophu. Emva ko-132, ukuphinda-phinda lo mbuzo, sinyanzelekile ukuba sivume ukuba iimpendulo zethu kuye, ngaphandle kweentaba zoncwadi olukhethekileyo, oluvela kwixesha elidlulileyo, 'nedinzi'. Ingxaki kukuba ulwazi malunga ne-fengsui, ebuzwa ngabaseYurophu zale mihla, hayi kwimithombo yoqobo, kodwa kwiincwadi ze-European kunye neMelika zamaqondo ahlukeneyo ezenzululwazi, ngamanye amaxesha kuyaphikisana. Imeko ifana kakhulu ne-Anecdote eyaziwayo malunga nesiTshayina esifundileyo ebusuku. Ukuya kubulumko amawaka-nyaka, ngexesha elifutshane ngoncedo lwezibonelelo ezimbini ezisebenzayo "ezimbini" ezingenakwenzeka phantsi kwazo naziphi na iimeko. Ngenxa yokuba "ukuthandwa" kwe-fengsui kuthathwa ngabantu abaninzi njengento engathandekiyo kwaye engaqhelekanga. Iqela eliqinileyo, abaphandi abanzulu baphikisana nomdla kwi "Chinestia" (le mfundiso ichazwa ligama elinjalo) -Ngaba yindawo yokuhlangana, kodwa yinkqubo yenkcubeko kunye nokungenelela kwenkcubeko.Imbali ye-fengshui entshona isemfutshane kakhulu, ukuze ukwazi ukwenza nasiphi na isigqibo. Kuyabonakala ukuba, ngokubanzi kwamkelwa eYurophu naseMelika, inkqubo yendlela yokusebenza yekhaya (ukusebenza, okokuqala), ayizange ithethe ngokwendalo, ithembele kwaye ixhomekeke kwimithetho ethile engachazwanga Khange inyamalale ngenxa yenkqubela phambili yezobugcisa. Ewe kunjalo, asiyi kukuyeka izibonelelo zezinto ezibonakalayo zempucuko yanamhlanje yayo nayiphi na into, kodwa sele siqondakale ukuba kuphela abakwanele. Yiyo loo nto, i-fengshui yile, okokuqala, isizathu sokudibana nezithethe zakudala kwaye zama ukuphinda usebenzise ngokunxulumene nabo.
Ingqondo eqhelekileyo yeGeomanta
Kwaye abathandayo, kunye neentshaba zikaFengshui zincokola kwenye: le mfundiso iqulethe izithethe kunye nemithetho emininzi, kude nezinto eziyinyani zobomi bemihla ngemihla, ke kufuneka ziphathwe ngokwaneleyo. Umnqweno wokukhumbula ngokukhawuleza nangenye ingxaki kukufezekisa impumelelo engalindelekanga ebomini ukuba abantu abazimeleyo okanye bewathemba i-puduocialists, okanye ukuthemba i-pudueorists ngokwabo ngokungqinelana nale migqaliselo yamajoni abo. Iochen ikhwankqisiwe ukuba iyonke iphuculwe ngokutsha kwendawo equkethwe "ngokuchanekileyo" kunye "nekhampasi" ayizisi iziphumo ezikhawulezileyo. Cinga, ngaba sinentolo eninzi ye-chinese yamandulo, ukubaxelisa ngaphandle kokujonga?
Ukuba kwincwadana enemigaqo ekhethekileyo kubhaliwe, umzekelo, ukuba "i-headboard yebhinqa elikhulileyo kwintsapho yasekhaya ifanele ibonakalise kwinombolo ye-BAIA ye-GUA, ebalwa yifom yesibhozo Ibhotwe, "ke akukho mfuneko yokuba ulandele lo myalelo ngokoqobo, uzisa umakhulu owuthandayo kwisifo sentliziyo kwaye siyinyanzele egameni lento elungileyo yokulala ngokufana nenye into. Imfundiso yemveli ye-fengsui yenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntu, ngokusekelwe kwimithetho ethile, wakwazi ukwenza indlu echumileyo kuzo zonke iinkalo. Abahlali besiXeko sanamhlanje bahlala besombulula ingxaki eyahlukileyo, bezama ukulungelelanisa ngokugqibeleleyo indawo esele ikho. Kuphela ngamanyathelo aqhelekileyo kunye namanyathelo okuqonda aya kunceda kule meko isombulule ingxaki.
Isigama se-fingshui.
UFengshui wacinga ngobulumko bentanda-bulumko, ulwazi olusebenzayo kunye neenkolelo, uninzi lwazo ngoku lumnyama kuthi njengediploma yokwenyani yaseTshayina. Isigama esikhethekileyo esinxulunyaniswa nale mfundiso sibanzi nje, sinzima kangakanani. Abo banqwenela ukumfunda ngokucokisekileyo sithumela uncwadi olukhethekileyo. Inkqubo-nkqubo ye-AV yeli nqaku iya kuhlala ngokufutshane kuphela kwinqaku ngalinye, uninzi lwamanqaku abalulekileyo.Amandla qi. . Ngokwemfundiso yooTaist, yonke into esemhlabeni ibunjwe ngumjelo wokungabonakaliyo, kodwa amandla axabisekileyo axabisekileyo. Kukholelwa ukuba uMbulelo kuPengshui, isiphumo esihle se-Q kwiNdlu sinokuqiniswa. Kule, kukho iindlela ezininzi zobugcisa, ngamanye amaxesha zilula kwaye ziyasebenza (umzekelo, ukwenza indlela okanye indawo yokufaka i-wi "ayigcinwanga"), ngamanye amaxesha ikhusele ubugcisa okanye Ithamsanqa (Amakhandlela elangatye elibekwe kwikona angasasaza amandla ngokuchanekileyo egumbini).
Yin noJan. . NgokukaFengshui, umhlaba kufuneka uhambelane nemeko yokulingana nemvisiswano, ekungekho nto ukungavumi. Zimbini kuqala, yin kunye ne-yang, ekuqaleni zichasane kwaye kwangaxeshanye azikho ngokwahlukeneyo. I-Yang (i-Fa Start) kunye neYin (Isiqalo se-YIN), ukudibanisa, ukwenza umhlaba kuko konke ukuphelela.
I-YIN iphawuleka ngeempawu ezinje, njengomnyama, ezolile, kubanda, emanzi, ithambile. Qala Yang, ngokuchasene noko, ukuqaqamba, ukuqaqamba, okusebenzayo, umlilo oshushu, owomileyo kunye noqinileyo. I-YIN ihambelana neentlambo ezimanzi, i-yang emdy stedydrous intlango kunye neentaba. NgokukaFengshui, indlu apho ibhalansi phakathi kwe-Yin kunye ne-yang iyaphazamiseka ayithathwa njengekhuselekile.
Kulula ukungqina kumzekelo wekhaya. Igumbi elimnyama kunye ne-Raw (iliso le-YIN) lisezantsi nje kwizindlu, enjalo apho umoya womile, kwaye ukukhanya akunakunyamezele. Kwakhona, akunzima ukuqikelela ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba ulungelelanise ubukho bezibini uqala usebenzisa iindlela ezikhoyo. Ukukhanya okuncinci-Yongeza isibane, hleka kakhulu- faka i-air conditioner okanye i-ventilate igumbi, indlu ibonakala ngathi izolile kwaye i-Dull-Yongeza imibala eqaqambileyo, kwaye imozulu iya kutshintsha. Ngapha koko, ngako konke oko kubonakala ngathi kulula, indlela enjalo isebenza kakhulu ngoyilo lwangaphakathi, kuba uninzi lwezindlu zanamhlanje lungaphuli ngokuchanekileyo (lo mbala wenkxalabo, ubungakanani be-IT.P.). Ke, "ubutyebi" nabanye abantu abangenayo baxoxa ngabemi baso, nangona bengazange baqwalaselwe koku. NgokukaFengshui, Yang (igolide, i-lamps ezininzi, ubukrelekrele bomgangatho wemabula, iglasi yeglasi, ngokucacileyo ikhula apha, ingenzi ngoxolo kwaye ingamniki umntu onomdla.
Izinto ezintlanu . "Lo mthi uwine umhlaba, umhlaba, amanzi, amanzi, ophunyezwe emthini", intsimbi ephumelelayo ye-fengshui, ukunxibelelana kwezinto ezintlanu zendalo kwindalo iphela kwagqitywa. Izinto ezintlanu ezivelisa kunye "ukuphumelela" omnye komnye, oko kukuthi, zihamba ngokuqhubekayo, zenza umjikelo wokudalwa: Amanzi omlilo-umlilo onyibilikayo.
Amanzi -Izinto zokuqala ezivela kuzo zonke ezinye izinto zenzeka kwaye ngawona macala amane okukhanya ahambelana nomanzi (eTshayina) emantla. Umbala wayo umnyama okanye mnyama eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ifom-efana ne-curted, ejikelezwe. Indlu yemihla ngemihla "Abameli" bale nto ziya kuba zii-aquariums, zonke iintlobo zemithombo, kunye neglasi kunye nezibuko zalo naluphi na uhlobo loqwalaselo.
Iinkuni . Ngokwendawo, olu phawu lunxulunyaniswa neMpuma kwaye (ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elincinci) mpuma. Umbala ohambelana nohlaza uluhlaza, iFomu-i-onlongid okanye uxande. Ubusika obu skimbo buya kwenza naziphi na iintyatyambo kunye nezityalo. Nika ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kwinto yokuba i-fengshui imbi kakhulu malunga nemibala emiselweyo. Bafanekisela ukungaphili kwaye akukho mandla e-qi. Ngendlela, i-Iaquibun yaseJapan, ngokuchasene ne-proasion eqhelekileyo yaseRussia, kungekho tyala alibalulekanga ngeentyatyambo ezomileyo, kuba ekuguquleleni ukusuka kwiJapan "ziintyatyambo eziphilayo".
umlilo -Izinto ezibandakanya iimpawu eziphambili ze-yang. Kucingelwa ukuba kuhambelana neorenji kunye ne-Red imibala ebomvu, kunye nefom enxantathu kunye ne-propt. Indlu yemihla ngemihla ivule umlilo ngaphandle kwendawo yomlilo, uninzi lwayo likhandlela ledangatye. Nangona kunjalo, nayiphi na imithombo yokukhanya ekukhanyiseni, nkqu neyona uyilo oluhle kakhulu, ngokuyintloko "kwizihlobo ezisondeleyo" zomlilo ongenasibhakabhaka.
Umhlaba Ngokutsho kweskimu se-ba-guagon (malunga nayo ngezantsi), ibekwe kwiziko, ukongeza, intshona-ntshona kunye nempuma yempembelelo. Malunga neli nqaku lifana ne-ocher ("umhlaba") shades kunye neefom zoxande ekwenzeni i-hocoting ye-Intersior. Kulula ukuqikelela ukuba zonke iimveliso ezivela kwi-ceramics, amatye "amakhaya" abaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni abaluleke kakhulu kumakristali ye-fengshui (amatye endalo).
Intsimbi Ngeemfundiso zabahlali baseTshayina, zibonisa intshona nemantla-ntshona. Eli nqaku lihambelana nemibala emhlophe, yegolide neyesilivere, kunye nobume besangqa kunye ne-crescent. Ngenxa yokufezekiswa kweetekhnoloji eziphezulu, intsimbi endlwini yethu ingaphezulu kokonele. Icala eliqinileyo, isinyithi, ukukhupha imijelo yamandla enamandla (irediyo, umabonwakude, iifowuni.), Kubhekiswa kudidi lwezinto, ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga i-geomantia engacacanga. Yiyo loo nto ingqumbo yokutolikwa entsha, ngokutsho koko, nokuba yinto entle kangakanani, yonke imibane kwiNdlu ithunyelwe kwinani "lokuhamba". Ngokutsho kwale nkcazo ihambelana neemfundiso eziyinyani zikaFengshui, kunzima ukugweba.
Qaphela ukuba siye sahamba ngemfundiso ethandwayo yemiphumo yezinto ezintlanu kwizinto ezithile zobomi bethu. Ke, kukholelwa ukuba amanzi anokuvuselela amandla abuthathaka, umthi utyheli ukhula kunye nokuyila, umthetho, umhlaba-ukuqiniseka, impumelelo yensimbi kunye nobutyebi. Ngokoluvo lwethu, inkcazo enjalo imbi ngakumbi, kwaye, ngendlela, ihlala ikhula ngokutsha ngokwengqondo eqhelekileyo. Ke ngoko, saphinda sathumela uncwadi olukhethekileyo (olungcono lwesayensi), kwaye baya kukuvumela ukuba uzinqumle kumagqabantshintshi amafutshane.
Izilwanyana ezine zasezulwini . Mhlawumbi, kuphela eYurophu kakhulu kwaye engathandwanga i-Europeaken ayizange ive kwanto malunga nenamba eluhlaza, i-tigre emhlophe, i-phoenix ebomvu kunye nefudu elimnyama. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ezi mpawu zamaxesha amandulo azithethi nto ngaphandle kwamaqela ehlabathi namaxesha onyaka:
Inamba ye-East yasempuma-luhlaza
Intaka ebomvu-yoNyaka
Entshona-ekwindla-iTiger emhlophe
I-turtle emnyama yase-North-Whild
Isilwanyana ngasinye sengqondo sikwenza nomsebenzi wohlobo lwe-ABERMA (ngaphezulu malunga noku, kwinqaku elithi "Ishumi lezinto" kulo phephancwadi).
I-Octagon Ba-Gua . I-Octagon ye-BA-GUA yenye indlela engaqondakaliyo, phantse akukho lutshintsho olubolekwe kwinkcubeko yaseNtshona evela kwiGinenduntia yaseTshayina. Iitraigram ezisibhozo, kunye neziko (i-Natim Inqaku) libandakanya izinto ezintlanu ezikhoyo kwi-hypostasis ethile, kunye neesimboli ezihlanganisiweyo. Umzekelo, into ethi "umlilo" ihambelana nendlela emazantsi, ibomvu kunye nodidi lozuko. Inqaku elithi "isinyithi elincinci" - indlela esentshona, umbala omhlophe kunye nabantwana. Ewe kunjalo, ingcaciso yethu yenze lula, kodwa ngokubanzi, ngokuchanekileyo yintsingiselo yomxholo we-BA-GUA.
Kulula ukuqikelela ukuba, ukuthobela i-octagon kumacala ehlabathi (koku ungasebenzisa ikhampasi), ungajonga ukuba ingakanani imibono yendlu yakho ihambelana ne "Incwadi yotshintsho "Kubemi bawo bonke. Nceda uqaphele ukuba amaTshayina amandulo asezantsi aye ayekhona phezulu, ngoko, emantla yayingaphantsi, empuma ngasekhohlo nasentshonalanga ngasekunene (oko kukuthi, umfanekiso ulungile kuthi). Ke ngoko, ukuphikisana ne-ocagon emacaleni ehlabathi, ungalibali ngalo mahluko. Iingcali ze-fengshui zixelela oko ngenxa yokudideka, ezinye izinto ezoyikisayo zezolimo kunye nezixhobo ze-fengsui, zenza ukuba i-fengsui elandelayo, yenze i-fengsui elandelayo, ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga i-geomanta, ibeka entloko.
Kukholelwa ukuba onke amacala e-Octagon abaluleke kakhulu (ngokufanelekileyo, anokuhambelana nendawo yokuhlala ye-ocagonal), ngelixa benempembelelo enye kwenye. Oko kukuthi, ukuthetha ulwimi olulula, akunjalo, nokuba igumbi lokulala lidityaniswe negumbi lokuhlambela okanye ivunyiwe iofisi. Icala eliqinileyo, kube kanye kwaye lijolise kwikhaya lakhe kumacala ehlabathi (esinokuqhayisa ukuba iwindows yasemantla ngokukhawuleza iya kuba nakho khona ngokuthe ngcembe yomeleza okanye uqhubekise iinkalo ezithile ukuze zonke zizenzele ibhalansi. Qaphela, umbono ngokwawo ukhona: Akulula ukulayisha umthwalo omnye okanye kwenye indawo enezinto ezihambelanayo kunye neempawu, kodwa zama ukufumana isisombululo esifanelekileyo kwicala ngalinye, kwigumbi ngalinye endlwini. Ngokubanzi, i-fengshui ayithethi nto igqithisileyo ngaphakathi. Iingcali zide ziphikise ukuba umoya wamandulo "womoya wamandulo" wamandulo "kufuneka utyikitywe kwinqanaba lekhaya 'njengobunyulu kunye nocwangco". Asingombono othile ukuba umsebenzi wenkosi yeGeomanta kunye nengaphakathi kufuneka iqale ngokucaciswa.
Ukucocwa ngaphakathi
Asazi kwakhona ayizukuphola ingqalelo yakho kwicala elingaqondakaliyo lesiko, kuba kubalulekile, ngokoluvo lwethu, kuphela kwabo bathunyelwe ngobulumko befilosi yamaTshayina kunye nentanda-bulumko yendalo. Uninzi, ukucocwa kunokuncitshiswa ukuba ngokwesiko kwaye hayi umlingo ... ukucoca, kunye nokucoca amahobe. Ukucoca-Le yipenshini yempilo.
Fengshui kwisenzo
IParishion . Lo mmandla ubaluleke kakhulu kwi-fengshui, kuba ivela apha ukuba amandla e-Q ayasasazeka kuyo yonke indlu. Ngokwemvelo, akukho ngqiqweni ukuphazamisayo ukukhuthaza i-jet yefanitshala, ukuphuphuma, ii-angles ezibukhali. Nangona kunjalo, akunakwenzeka ukuba nayo kwaye ikhawuleze kakhulu. Ukuthintela oku, ukwenzela ukulibazisa ukuhamba kwamandla, ungathi, umzekelo, yenza i-corridor igobile (enye yeendlela ezithandwayo zezolimo zanamhlanje) okanye zixhonywe kwiindonga ezichaseneyo zesipili. Kodwa ayinguye wonke umntu owahlukileyo (engathandeki kakhulu), kwaye omnye emva koko, ukuze abonakale ngathi adlulisela amandla. Kwakhona nezityalo ezinyathelayo nezibane, zasasaza ubumnyama obunezikona ezimnyama. Kwanakwindlela yendlela, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ugcine ibhalansi phakathi kwemigaqo esisiseko ye-In kunye ne-Yang, ukukhetha ukukhanya okuthambileyo kunye neetoni zePastel ngenxa yeendonga kunye nophala. Faka umbala, ngendlela, ungahambelalelana kwicala lomnyango wokungena: eMzantsi-Red, i-Wester I.d.
Igumbi yokuhlala . Intsapho enkulu ichitha ixesha elininzi, banxibelelana apha, babukele umabonwakude, baphulaphule umculo, ukudanisa, ngokufutshane, khokelela kubomi obunamandla. Ngokwemvelo, ukuqala okuqinileyo kwe-yang apha. Nangona kunjalo, ukubuyisela ulinganiso, kufuneka ukhuphele ukuze imeko yeli gumbi ayibubuyekeli ukugqiba kwayo kunye nokukhanya kwemibala. Kancinci, kwaye ukuqala kwe-yang kufuneka ihlawulwe yimizimba ye-YIN.
Kuyaziwa ukuba ukungcungcutheka kwaye uthanda umsebenzi nge-octagon ye-BA-GUA. Ukwenzela ukuhlengahlengisa ukungalunganga kumda, unokusebenzisa iindlela ezizodwa zokunika izinto. Ukukhetha kufuneka kunikwe elinye lamacala asibhozo e-BAIA (umzekelo, "usapho" okanye "ubudlelwane"). Isofa nezitulo zicebise ngendlela yokuba ukuhlala kubo kunokubona ucango lokunga kwaye kwangaxeshanye ungabi ngqo ngqo ngqo.
Igumbi lokutyela . Ukungangqinelani kweMigaqo ye-fengshui kunye noyilo lwaseYurophu mhlawumbi yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokubonisa isimo sengqondo sendawo evulekileyo. I-Fengshui, igumbi lokuhlala lidibene negumbi lokutyela kunye nekhitshi. AbaseYurophu kutshanje bahlukanisa indawo yabo kwizindlu zangaphakathi. Ukongeza amatyala, ukusetyenziswa kwezinto zokutsala, i-Greyles yokuhlobisa kunye nezityalo ze-IT iba sisisombululo se-cotramome. Uhlobo olufanayo lokucwangcisa, ngendlela, iyathandwa kwaye inokuba yindlela elungileyo kuyo nayiphi na indlu. Ifestile engathethekiyo yefestile enkulu kakhulu, ngakumbi ukuba ijongene netafile yokutyela. Ewe kunjalo, akukho nto ibuhlungu ukuvala le festile okanye amakhethini. Kodwa, uyabona, kwiimeko zethu hayi indalo yethu ilanga, umgaqo onjengeGisemandla waseTshayina awuzange ungoyiki.
Ikhitshi . I-Wkitai, njengathi, ikhitshi lihlala lelona liphambili kwintsingiselo yommandla ngaphakathi. Ewe kunjalo, kufanele ukuba kube selusizi kwaye kuqaqambile, kufanelekile kwaye kuxhotyisiwe kuyo yonke into eyimfuneko. Apha iingcali ze-fengshui zicebisa ukuba baqwalasele ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kwindibaniselwano yezinto ezintlanu. Ithathwa njengendawo engathandekiyo ye-Slab ecaleni kwefriji okanye inyibilikisi. Amanzi kunye nomlilo kufuneka wahlukaniswe ngumthi (okanye endaweni yoko, enye yeempawu zakhe ezifuziselayo). I-temputer efanelekileyo okanye i-teile yodonga lomthunzi omnye.
Igumbi lokulala . Kwindawo yegumbi lokulala ilungele, indlela emantla ithathelwa ingqalelo. Ukongeza, ngokweenkolelo zakudala (iTshayina, i-Chinese, ekhosi), emantla enxulunyaniswa nobudlelwane obusondeleyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba igumbi lakho lokulala libekwe emantla-ntshona, empuma, emazantsi-mpuma okanye emazantsi, nayiphi na ingcali e-fengsui iya kuhlala ineliseke. Ukusuka kwiimpawu zefanitshala, siphawula kuphela ukuba akucetyiswa ukubeka ibhedi ngokuthe ngqo ecaleni kwefestile okanye emnyango.
Abantwana . Iingcebiso kule meko ayifani neembono zaseYurophu ezintathu malunga nabantwana. Amandla eang (ukukhanya, afudumeleyo, enamandla) apha ekhoyo ngoku! Impuma-mpuma ithathelwa ingqalelo eyona nto ilungileyo yokufunda. Ke ngoko, itafile yokubhala, amashalofu ngeencwadi zezifundo, ikhompyuter ifanelekile ngakumbi kweli gumbi.
Ke, simile kancinci kwimiba ethile yobugcisa bamandulo yeGeomantia ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwayo kwangaphakathi. Ewe kunjalo, asifaka isicelo sokufumana inyani kwinyaniso yokugqibela! Ngokweenkcukacha malunga nemiqondiso yombala, kunye nokubaluleka kwezixhobo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zasekhaya, inqaku lithetha
"Ishumi lezinto."
Abahleli babulela utitshala u-Gengshui kunye ne-Psychologlogy ye-Psychology ye-Isabelle Khachikin Arutnov, inkampani "inkampani", "iZen-Art" ukuze incedise kwizinto ezibonakalayo.