Umthetho malunga nesiqinisekiso sendawo yokuhlala. Loluphi ulwazi oludlula kwipasipoti kwindlu, leyo iyafuneka, indlela yokufumana - funda kwinqaku lethu.
UNyaka oMtsha uya kunika zonke ii-MUCVEVE ithuba lokuba ngabanini bencwadana yokundwendwela kwindlu yabo. NgoNovemba 3, 2004 UMossorm wamkele umthetho malunga nezakhiwo zokuhlala (amagumbi). I-C2005G. Ukukhutshwa kolu xwebhu kuya kuqala kuye wonke umntu.
Izinto ezingaqhelekanga
Igumbi lemveliso efanayo enokuthengisa nokuthenga. I-fridge, imoto yabakhweli kunye nezinye izinto ezisijikelezileyo, zineempawu zabathengi. Nangona kunjalo, kude kutshanje, akukho mntu wayesazi, kwaye akazange acinge ngokukhethekileyo malunga nombuzo, yeyiphi imithetho yokusebenza kwayo. Ityala labekwa kwiSamothek. Ngena ngokhuseleko, ngaphandle kwesikhululo somlilo, khange sihambe. Emva koko, nokuba ikhwankqisiwe ukuba, izama ukuqhuba eludongeni lwesipikili, abanye bethu bafika kanye kwi-wiring efihliweyo!
Ukwenzela ukuba ezo ngxaki zininzi, urhulumente waseMoscow kwimizamo yokudibana kunye namasekela-thunga wesixeko uphuhlisile kwaye wamkela umthetho "kwipasipoti yendlu".
Impendulo nakuwuphi na umbuzo
Ipasipoti eflethini lulwazi kunye noxwebhu lobuchwephesha, ujonge ukuba uyazazi yonke into malunga nendawo yakho. Idilesi, indawo ngokubanzi nendawo yokuhlala, ukuba zingaphi iimitha zesikwere ezihlala ekhitshini, njengoko besitsho, kwaye iliso lingabonwa. Ngcono ngakumbi inomdla: Ngubani kwaye xa iyile kwaye yakhiwe indlu. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kwii-MUCOVIT zama i-muscovtes, le yimfihlo yamaTywina asixhenxe. Inye into, ukuba indlu intsha, kwaye ukuba iminyaka yakhe iqhubela phambili kumda wamashumi amahlanu oneminyaka engamashumi amahlanu? Zama ukufumanisa into-kwimibuzo. Isakhiwo se-AOB ngaphandle kwesicelo senkundla esizakunika ingxelo. Yonke into injengesapu.Ukude, okunomdla ngakumbi. Siyayiqonda into entsha, endandingakrokrela! Uvulekile, umzekelo, icandelo elithi "ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga noyilo kunye neenkqubo zesakhiwo sendawo yokuhlala" kwaye kwikholam "kwaye uphahla" ophathwayo, kunye nomthwalo wangaphakathi. " Ngoku, ukuba uphakalo lweqokolezela ngequbuliso, lucwangcise umkhukula kwimigangatho eliqela, iya kucaca; isebenze kuyo, engakwaziyo itekhnoloji yomsebenzi, ebeka i-EXTE, isebenzise le isandla sakhe. Okanye kuxhaphaza ngokungachanekanga, akuvunyelwanga ngexesha leedraini. Okanye wonke umntu unokungena kuwo, ongengawo amavila kakhulu, kuba umnyango we-attic akavalwa kwinqaba ...
Ukujonga ngononophelo kunye nezinye iigrafu apho sithetha khona ngezitebhisi, ukufudumeza, umoya, ukonwaba, ukuntywila ngaphakathi kunye nokuhanjiswa kwamanzi ashushu, ukuntywila. Ukuba ulwazi malunga ne-balconies ye-Blay kunye neLoggias ekuloo ndlu ayikhathali, emva koko phuma icandelo "lezinto ezisisiseko kunye neempawu zegumbi" elingenakwenzeka. Ijika kuphela ukuba kukho iindonga zangaphakathi nangaphandle kunye nezihlulelo zendlu. Ukuba uyilo lwe-Brick lunokumelana kakhulu, isahlulelo esivela kwi-phospthoogspsum ye-phospthogerpspsum ifuna indlela eyahlukileyo, enononophelo ngakumbi.
Amacandelo anomdla kakhulu malunga nokuqulunqwa kunye neempawu zenethiwekhi ye-intra kunye nezixhobo. Incwadana yokundwendwela yegumbi loxwebhu kuphela uxwebhu olukhutshwe ngumqeshi, olunikezela ngeskimu kwindawo yemigca yeqela legridi yamandla. Kude kube kutshanje, abakhi bakhi, abakhi kunye nemibutho esebenzayo (desi, Rau kunye nenye iJeos) banedatha enjalo. Okokugqibela, awusoyiki ukuba abasebenzi, baxhoma iishelfu, beyonakalisa ngengozi inkqubo yokufudumeza ukuba ivaliwe eludongeni, okanye isekefiki emfutshane iya kucwangciswa ngokuphula i-wiring efihliweyo. Ngoncedo, imigaqo yokhuseleko ekufuneka iqatshelwe xa isebenza imingxunya kuYilo lwendlu ene-wiring efihliweyo.
Kodwa eyona nto iphambili - kwipasipoti ithethwayo kwaye xa iyimfuneko ukutshintsha, ngaphandle kokulinda i-PE. Kuyavela, umzekelo, imibhobho yentsimbi yamanzi abandayo (ukuba umenzi kunye nabakhi bangenzi minyaka le, kodwa kucacile, kungenxa yeli xesha kufuneka ucinge malunga nokulungiswa . Isitovu sekhitshi kuya kufuneka sitshintshiwe nangaphambi koko (emva kweminyaka eli-15).
Ngendlela, apha kwipasipoti eflethini, kukho iindlela zokuphuma kwimeko yesiganeko somlilo kunye neengcebiso, indlela yokuziphatha kule meko. Sisiphi isono esisifihlelayo, ngexesha elininzi lokuba baninzi ukuphulukana nolawulo, baqala ukuphosa kwindawo yokuhlala endaweni yokukhawuleza. Isikhumbuzo sokuba kungabikho nto imangalisayo kwiindlela zokukhuphela, kufanelekile, kuba abanye abantu, ukuzalisa iimitha zemveli, cwangcisa iiWerehos ecaleni komnyango.
Ukuba ngequbuliso, igumbi laphuma eflethini okanye icinyiwe, unokukhangela kwincwadana yokundwendwela, ngokukhawuleza ufumane inombolo yefowuni oyifunayo. Imeko yeTekhnoloji yeTekhnoloji: umnxeba kwaye ekugqibeleni ufuna ukubhiyozelwa kokukhanya nobushushu kwindlu eyahlukileyo okanye endlwini jikelele. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuze kusonjululwe lo mbandela, kukho indlela eyaneleyo ephantsi (ndithetha i-rovespatting, ubudlelwane obuxhaswayo kwisixhobo sothethathethwano ekufumaneni okanye ngefowuni) , Yona.D.). Ngendlela, ezinye iifowuni eziluncedo zinikezelwa kwiphepha lencwadana yokundwendwela ye-pertun, kubandakanya imeko yedolophu.
Indawo yokundwendwela-yepasi
Ufunda kwaye uyakonwabela: Yiyo loo nto qiniseka imali yendlu endlwini eyakhiwe kwiprojekthi nganye. Ipasipoti entsha yindlu yogcino lokwenyani kwabo bagqiba kwelokuba benze ukwenziwa kwezindlu. Ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nendlu, indawo yezobugcisa nezama-suxilies, umniniyo, umqeshi okanye umqeshi ekufumaniseni ukuba kunzima ukufumana: Olu xwebhu luqulekele yonke idatha eyimfuneko yobugcisa. Kodwa uninzi lwazo zonke lumkholisiwe luxanduva lokuchaneka nokuchaneka kolwazi, abaphuhlisi bencwadana yokundwendwela - iMniitep kunye neMosgorbty.
Yintoni enye ipasipoti elungileyo? Akukho sidingo sokwaphula intloko, ngokutsha ngokutsha okanye akukho mntu wangaphambili othenge indlu, kuba lonke ulwazi malunga naloo msebenzi luya kufakwa kule ncwadi. Wavula, kwaye kwangoko wacaca ukuba leliphi indlu yafunyanwa nguMyili kwaye oko kwasekafumeneyo. Singajonga ngokukhuselekileyo emehlweni onke: Nangona kungekho mntu uya kufuna incwadana yokundwendwela kwindlu yokuthengisa okanye enokutshintshiselana, ngokuhambelana nomthetho weMetropolitan "kwinkqubo Ukulungiswa ngokutsha kwendawo yezakhiwo zokuhlala eMoscow.
Ngendlela, xa ikhowudi entsha yezindlu kunye nabanini begumbi eliza kusebenza, kunye nabaqeshi abaqhuba ngokuhlengahlengiswa kwamakhaya, baya kunyanzelwa ukuba babonise ubungqina bomsebenzi, akuyi kubakho maxabiso Le ncwadana yokundwendwela. Umdlalo wokufihla kwaye ufune, owuthande kakhulu, usondele. Kukho intwana encinane phezu kwentloko umqeshi unelishwa ye abasebenzi entabeni, embindini SanEpidnadzor, Ra kunye Dae, ready ngoba andikubizeli yokuqala abamelwane ukujonga ukuba ngaba inkqubo yokungena umthetho, amanzi kunye nesandi usambathisa IT. Ibiyele ukuba isebenze kwiMbutho, apho urhulumente we-MOSCO uya kwalela ukwenza iipasipoti ukuveza onke amanqaku ngaphezulu "kunye" kube kanye, esenza ungeniso olufanelekileyo kuxwebhu lwaseburhulumenteni.
Kodwa utshintsho kwipasipoti yendawo yokuhlala luya kuziswa kuphela emva kwesibheno esibhaliweyo somnini (umqeshi okanye umqeshi) kumbutho ogunyazisiweyo ngurhulumente (okwangoku, iZiko loLawulo lweZindlu kunye neZiko loLawulo lweZindlu iOfisi). Kwangelo xesha, kufanele ukuba abe nazo zonke iimvume zokumiselwa ngokutsha. Kodwa ngokwenza utshintsho luya kufuneka luhlawule.
Ayifanelanga ukuba icinge ukuba ngokuqala komthetho kwipasipoti kwindlu yaseMoscow, inkqubo yokuqinisekiswa iya kuqala, kwaye ngaphambi koko, elinye ihashe lalingekho. Ukudluliselwa kudala: Phantse iminyaka eli-10 eyadlulayo, ngo-1995, kwakhutshwa iodolo "ekufundiseni umsebenzi kwiNkqubo yeNgxowa-mali yezindlu eMoscow". Ngeli xesha, i-mniitep iphuhlise ubuchule bodwa kwaye "run" itekhnoloji yamagumbi okundwendwela kwizindlu - izakhiwo ezitsha.
Kuqala ngo-2000 Ifumene abahlali abatsha bepasipoti yenye yezindlu (i-P-44T eminyhathi) ye-9 ye-microdistram yepaki yaselwandle. Izitavu zemithamo ye-pores zoxwebhu olukhethekileyo zazingamashumi amashumi amashumi amawaka amawaka eMuscovtes. Ngamnye kubo ummeli wenkampani yolawulo enike incwadana yokundwendwela xa ulungisa indlu entsha. Kwangelo xesha, zonke iindleko zokwenza uxwebhu zithathe abatyali-mali okanye abaphuhlisi.
Imibutho eliqela yazibandakanya kwiminyaka emine: i-Mniitep, iZiko le-Gup "yoLawulo lweNkxaso-mali yeZindiseza kunye neNgxowa-mali yezindlu" kunye neMosstraloakisetion-5 ". Iziphumo zomsebenzi wabo yayiyinkqubo eqinisekisiweyo yokundwendwela izakhiwo ezitsha, ezinamanqanaba ahlukeneyo.
Okokuqala, i-albhamu yolwazi lwencwadana yokundwendwela iphuhlisiwe kwisiseko samaxwebhu asebenzayo, kunye nokuhlolwa kobunjineli kunye nezobuchwephesha kwezakhiwo, izinto ezenziwayo kunye neenkqubo zobugcisa kunye neenkqubo zobugcisa zezakhiwo ze-albhamu. Ngexesha lokutyelelwa okokuqala kwindawo yokwakha, abasebenzi beziko bacacisa ubungakanani bomsebenzi, hlalutya kwaye ugqibezele imizobo esisiseko, iFom yeFom yeFom kwaye uhlengahlengise ukucwangciswa kwamagumbi. Xa umsebenzi wombane uqalisa, bavela kwakhona kwiziko lokufikelela kwindlu nganye kwaye baqinisekise okanye bahlengahlengise imizobo ye-albhamu. Olu luhambo lwesithathu. Ukuqala kokufakwa kwezixhobo zococeko kunye nokugqitywa kwemisebenzi (ukuba zinikezelwe ngoqikelelo lokwakha) -Umqondiso wolunye utyelelo kwindawo yokwakha. Ukucacisa iinkcukacha zakutshanje, kubandakanya idilesi yeposi, inani lendawo yokuhlala., ulawulo, ukuhamba, ukuphuma kwesihlanu. Gcwalisa inkqubo yophuhliso kunye nokwenziwa kwencwadana yokundwendwela kwindlu nganye.
Kusekunzima ukutsho ukuba inkqubo yokundwendwela kwindlu ye-monolithic iya kujonga, apho kukho amagumbi anendawo ebizwa ngokuba yindawo yokukhululeka ebizwa ngokuba yizahlulo zangaphakathi ngaphandle kwezinto zangaphakathi. Kuyabonakala ukuba, amakhaya anokufumana ipasipoti kuphela emva kokugqitywa kwemisebenzi yokwakha kunye nokugqiba ukugqiba.
Abemi bezakhiwo ezitsha (zombini ubunzima kunye nezakhiwo ezizeleyo), ezazingenathamsanqa ngokwaneleyo ukuba lithathe inxaxheba kuvavanyo, ziya kuba nakho ukufumana uxwebhu eflethini. Kodwa wonke umntu kuya kufuneka ahlawule lo mnandi. Kuya kubakho i-vyue, ezo mpumlo, ezizakha izindlu zotyalo-mali (abaphuhlisi), esele zingene kwisivumelwano sepasipoti yamagumbi. Olu xwebhu luya kukhutshwa ngokuzenzekelayo, kwaye ukhululeke ngokupheleleyo.
NgoJanuwari 31, 2005 Ukulungiselela kwakutshanje kufuneka kugqitywe kwimodi entsha: Njengoko bekulindelwe, urhulumente waseMoscow uya kuyivuma ingqokelela yamaxabiso asisiseko, eya kuthi inikwe yonke into eyenziwayo yomsebenzi wesitokhwe esidala nesitsha esisitokhwe. Amaxabiso avela kwingqokelela aya kwenza isiseko sokubala iindleko zencwadana yokundwendwela kwimeko nganye.
Ukufumana incwadana yokundwendwela igumbi, kufuneka ufake isicelo sengxelo kwiZiko leMfundo leStudionary yeShishini loLuntu ukuze kulawulwa ngolawulo lwe-condominaium kunye nokudluliselwa kweNgxowa-mali yezindlu ". Yena, kuyabonakala ukuba inikwe igunya ukuba iqhubeke nenza izinto, kuba ngubani ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Ezinye iindleko zencwadana yokundwendwela, kunye nexesha lokuvelisa ukuba lixhomekeke kumda womsebenzi. Vumela ukuba ayikhathali ukuba i-odolo yenziwa ngumntu omnye endlwini okanye ifumane uxwebhu bonke abahlali besakhiwo esiphakamileyo. Kodwa kwaphela, akunyanzelekanga ukuba ufake isicelo kwi-GP ukuya kwi-Gup kwindawo ye-Gup, oku kungangeniswa yinkampani yolawulo eqeshiswane ngokubambisana kwabanini bezindlu okanye izindlu.
Ikamva lesiqinisekiso
Ukufumana incwadana yokundwendwela entsha kukuzithandela. Akukho mntu unokufuna umniniyo, umqeshi okanye umqeshi wentetho yakhe. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kumthetho wemimandla, kukho nokukhankanywa kwamagumbi okundwendwela. Kodwa ngubani owaziyo, mhlawumbi, inyathelo lokuqala le-Mscow liya kuba yinto eqhelekileyo kwilizwe liphela, kunye noxwebhu olusekwe kwiPasipoti kwindlu.