Ukujika kwe-33 m2, kwakhiwa ngokungqongqo ngokungqinelana nesiko lakudala lesiRashiya-ngaphandle kwezipikili ngoncedo lwe-ax kuphela.
Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba ujonge ixesha elidlulileyo ukuze ufumanise ukuba ookhokho bethu babephila njani ngaphambili? Bona ukuba ama-Asketts amandulo eyakha njani izixhobo zokuhlambela, iibhafu kunye neTeremes, ehambahamba ngaphandle kwezipikili kunye nemipu yedwa? Mhlawumbi unako. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, ayizizo zonke iimfihlakalo ze-mastery zilahlekile ...
I-RussianAyite yoyilo lwe-Russia olimeleyo Viktovsky esasafunelani. Ayisiyo kuphela i-thesis yakhe, kodwa nemisebenzi yengcali elandelayo ihambelana nokwakhiwa ngokutsha kwezinto ezizezongeziweyo zaseRussia, kunye nolwakhiwo kwitekhnoloji endala. Ke ngoko, ayimangalisi into yokuba i-Africal igqibe ekubeni eyakhe indlu yabo ngokungqinelana nesiko lakudala laseRussia, ngoncedo lwezixhobo, iphindaphindile kwakhona iqabane lakudala. Yonke i-badpentry elungiselelwe yenziwa ukuba i-odolo iqela lezihlomelo elibandakanyeke ekubuyiselweni nasekutyeni kwakhona kubugcisa obugcisa baseRussia.
Ifama yaseRussia ehlathini rhoqo
Ukwakhiwa kweNdlu kwakusenziwa icebo elihle kwingingqi yeMoscow. Ibekwe ngaphandle kwelali yelizwe, unokuthi awele kwi-ticket yehlathi. Ukuphakama kuthatha iihektare ezili-15 kuphela, kubonakala ngathi incasa kakhulu. Inyani yile yokuba kumhlaba welifa elihamba ngemithi yabantu abadala engaweli kwindawo yokwakha. Kungenxa yoko le nto kubonakala ngathi ihlathi ngokwendalo liqhubeka ifikile le ndoda.Ukungenela kocwangciso lwendawo kuthathelwe ingqalelo iimfuno zawo onke amalungu osapho kunye nezilwanyana zasekhaya. Ukongeza kwisakhiwo sokuhlala (Terema), bakhulelwe ukwakha igumbi lokuhlambela, i-terrace yasengaphakathi (i-Gulbit), indawo yokudlala, kunye ne-coneer yezinja kunye nezinzile. Ngaphantsi kwesiseko sathatha impuma yentsimi. Indawo yonke le ndawo yanika indawo yokuzonwabisa.
Phakathi kwexesha elidlulileyo nekamva
Ukwakhiwa kwesiseko sendlu yexesha elizayo kufunwa ukhathalelo olukhethekileyo. Ukususela oko umhlaba kwi-puchily icandelo lokusebenzisa i-pilesbinal piles enekhonkrithi ye-Woodwood, ukuqiniswa kwensimo eqingqiweyo. Isiseko sixhotyiswe ngokufumana amanzi ngokufanelekileyo, ethe tyaba (i-Russion) kwaye ithe nkqo (i-bitume). I-Conso ngokwakhe ngokwakhe ngokwakhe ngokwakhe ngokwakhe ngokwakhe ngokwakhe ngokwakhe yenziwa kwiibhloko zokwakha, ezivunyelwe ukuba ziphakamise iilogo ngaphezulu komhlaba kwaye ke ziye zenza ukuba ukwakhiwa kwenziwe ngakumbi. I-Surnone Lognene Logs yenziwa ngoncedo lwe-Russia ebizwa ngokuba yiRussia. I-blade yayo inoqwalaselo okhethekileyo kwaye xa ilungisa imithi ayinikeli, kwaye, ngokuchaseneyo, ke, iqulathe kuko ukuqina okukhulu. Ngaphandle kweelogo zenziwa ngokungena kwiPinotex (iFinland), ngelixa imisebenzi yangaphakathi esetyenzisiweyo ngokusekwe kwioyile yendalo. Iindonga ziyicocoon yeflash.
Indlu ijolise kumacala amane ehlabathi, ukuze imini ilanga likwazile ukuba "zityelele" yonke indawo. Kuya kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba udonga ngalunye lwesakhiwo luqala. Ke, ukusuka entshonalanga lingenelo oluphambili, ohonjiswe ngeveranda eliphezulu, ngokuhambelana nezithethe ze-TRHAYSKESK. Yiyo le nto ebizwa ngokuba yivaranda exhonyiweyo enezinto ezimbini ezivulekileyo. Ingoma yengoma yi-balcony ye-walcony kwi-vologud uyilo. Udonga olusempuma lusike kwiifestile ezinqabileyo, ezinokuthi zifumaneke kwi-pomeranian sinks. Udonga lwasentla lwase-Ahwind lwenziwe phantse lwangevayo-apha kuphela iwindophu encinci yekhitshi kunye nomnyango wevam.
Isakhiwo sinezithsaba kunye nophahla lwe-Samstaya. Le yindlela eyahlukileyo eyahlukileyo, isiseko se-souricudinal sundocping, esekwe kwiziphelo ezikhutshelweyo zodonga lwelogo. Nangona kunjalo, indlu ilungele kakhulu kwaye inoloyiko ngenxa yenyani yokuba isiko laziwa ngokudibeneyo sobuntu. Ukuqwalaselwa okusebenzayo, inkqubo yophahla olungenanto lwe-rannila (eFinland) lwalusetyenziswa. Iqela leqela libandakanya ukufakwa, i-hydro kunye ne-vapor yokufumana izixhobo. Uphahla lwenziwe nge-tile yentsimbi. Inkqubo yokufudumeza nayo ihlangabezana nazo zonke iimfuno zentuthuzelo yanamhlanje. Indlu ishushu ngama-radiators eshushu. Kwangelo xesha, ubushushu buveliswa yi-Boier ye-Boinier ye-Boinier yeSpore (iFrance), ngaxeshanye ibonelela ngoncedo lwamanzi ashushu. I-ATAM, esebenzisa ukungqubana neethayile ze-ceramic (ekhitshini, kwigumbi lokuhlambela, kunye negumbi lokuhlala), amasiko ashushu acwangciswe.
Qaphela ukuba kwixa elizayo abanini baceba ukwandisa indawo yeNdlu, esenza ulwandiso oluncinci oluphosakeleyo kwicala elingasempuma. Ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo kuyakuvumela ukuba iqhutywa ngaphandle kobunzima obukhethekileyo, njengoko i-windows evulekileyo inokuguqulwa ngokulula ibe ngumnyango, kwaye ubeke uphahla.
Uyilo lweRussia luphawu olukhethekileyo. Inyani yokuba ii-Huts zanqunyulwa ngaphandle kwesipikili esinye, zinezizathu ezinobuzaza kakhulu: Umthi jikeleza ngokukhawuleza isikhonkwane. Ewe, kwaye izikhonkwane zazixabisa kakhulu, ke bazama ukuthatha indawo yokutsalwa kwamaplanga.
Eyona nto iphambili kwisakhiwo somthi eRussia yayiyindlu yelogi. Isithsaba esisezantsi sasihlala sisekwa kwisiseko selitye. Oku kuvunyelwe, kwelinye icala, ukukhusela umthi ukuba ujikeleze, kwaye kwelinye, ukusindisa ubushushu kubusika babafundi. Iindidi zeekhabhathi zelog zahlukile ngendlela yokukhawulezisa iilogo phakathi kwabo. Kwizakhiwo zendlu, indlu yelogi "kwisidima" yayisetyenziswa, apho iilogo zabekwa khona.
Xa ubopha iilogo "kwi-paw" izithsaba zihambelana ngokuqinileyo omnye komnye, ngaphandle kweziphelo zabo azizange zihambe ngaphaya kweendonga. Nangona kunjalo, ngale ndlela yokubeka iikona zesakhiwo yayisengozini yokuqulunqa. Ke ngoko, eyona nto inokuthenjwa kwaye ishushu yayikholelwa ukuba ibambe izilolo "emphethweni", xa iziphelo zabo zigqithiselwe ngaphaya kweendonga. Imigca yelog iqhagamshelwe omnye komnye kunye ne-spikes yangaphakathi. UMoss wabekwa phakathi kwezithsaba, emva kwendibano yokugqibela yezicokise yayibanjiwe iipacles. Indlu elula ye-LOGOR ye-Indoor ye-IndooR yase-Indoor yabizwa ngokuba yikhreyithi. Ngokwesiqhelo, indlu yelog yayinomgangatho ongezantsi, apho ilori yedaya, apho isitokhwe kunye ne-inventri yagcinwa.
Ingqwalaselo ekhethekileyo ifanelwe eluphahleni lwelog yamandulo, ebizwa ngokuba yiSamtova. Kwisixhobo sayo, ukugqitywa kwezindonga ezimbini zesiphelo zokusikwa (iifrontoths) kwenziwa ngokuthe ngcembe ukunciphisa izibonda ezibekwe kuzo izibonda zexesha elide. Emva koko, imingxunya encinci yomthi enesebe lengcambu enye (ebizwa ngokuba yinkukhu) inqunyulwe i-quys encinci, exhasa ilogo eliphantsi, apho amanzi ahamba phezu kophahla. Kuyamangalisa ngaphezulu kweenkukhu kunye ne-slict livale iibhodi zophahla, isiphelo esisezantsi siphumle kwi-slot eyandisiweyo yokuhamba. Ukudibana okuphezulu komqeqeshi, phantsi kwe-state enkulu yabekwa, - bakhuselwa kwimvula ngokuqhekeka emngxunyeni. Ugubungele uphahla lwentamo kwimigca emibini. Ukwenzela ukukhusela iziphelo ezingaphandle zemvula, zagutyungelwa zibophelelo ezinde, kwaye ukudibanisa okuphezulu kokuzala kwakugqunywe yibhodi yetawuli ephathwayo. Ke, uyilo lwe-hermetic yafunyanwa, kuwo onke amacala akhuselweyo kwintyisela yokufuma nomoya. Wakhiwa ngaphandle kwezikhonkwane waza wagcina ngokuqinileyo.
IZBA iRed CORNES
Inani elipheleleyo lemigangatho emithathu kwisakhiwo. Kwizantsi, umxube womgangatho (kwibhlokhi) kukho izakhiwo zobugcisa: igumbi lokumpompoza, igumbi le-Boiler, iworkshop, i-pantry, i-pintry ebandayo kunye ne-piner ye wayini. Inxalenye yendlu iwela kwiveranda ephezulu enezinto ezimbini ezivulekileyo. Ukunyusa amanyathelo, fumana ngokwakho kwiNdlu yeNdlu. Ngokwesiko, i-seni yezindlu zaseRussia zacwangciswa ukuze ingabi nakuqulunqwe ngaphandle kwendlu eqingqiweyo ebusika, ivula umnyango kwangoko esitratweni. Ngendlela, ngokwakhiwa kwale mihla, lo mgaqo akazange alibale. Ukusuka kwiSeine, ungaya ekhitshini, kwaye ukusuka apho, kwigumbi lokuhlala. Indawo yendawo incinci, kodwa yongeza kuphela kubo kuphela.
Yonke indawo yokuhlala yimigangatho yeebhodi zepine. Ekhitshini, kumgangatho wokuqala wokuhlamba kwaye kwigumbi lesibini lokuhlambela, i-ceramic ye-ceramic isetyenzisiwe. Isilingi sityhalelwa ngepleyili. Umphezulu weendonga kunye nophahla ziphathwa ngokuqulunqwa kwendalo esekwe kwioyile yemifuno. I-Pine Driboars, ngoko, igqunywe yi-varnish eyodwa yokunganyangeki (i-salalinin, eFinland).
Phantse yonke ifanitshala eyenziwe ngokwakhe. Akunakwenzeka ukuba ungaphawuli ukuba yenziwa ngothando olukhulu kwaye ihonjiswe kakhulu. Iyibulela le nto ukuba izinto zihambelana ngqo nomhlobiso we-gopme. Igumbi lokuhlala lihambelana nesiko laseRussia. Indawo ephakathi ithatha itafile enkulu yeplanga, apho kufakwa khona iintsimbi ezide. Imithetho ebanzi ecaleni kweendonga ecaleni kweendonga, ubungakanani obahlukeneyo beekado kunye neebhokisi ziyaxelelwa yigumbi lokuthuthuzela.
Kumgangatho ophezulu, apho ungaphuma khona kwigumbi lokuhlala, kukho igumbi lokulala labazali, abantwana, igumbi lokuhlambela kunye neofisi. Amagumbi e-ongies alawula kancinci umthi. Iindonga, phantsi, i-phaling, ifenitshala - yonke into ilapha ngomthi. Kodwa imvakalelo ye-monotony ayiveli. Isizathu silele kwindibaniselwano yokuthungwa okwahlukileyo kunye neendonga ezinkulu zodonga, iiplanga ezinqabileyo ezinqabileyo, iibhodi ezigudileyo ezigudileyo. Uyilo lwe-ceriling orlap luyaphumelela ngempumelelo. Imiqadi enkulu inyanzelekile ukuba ibe ne-tening yokuqulunqwa, nto leyo eyenze ukuba ikwazi ukugxininisa iphethini yeli candelo lezinto zolwakhiwo.
Kwimilenze yeKrichy
Mayitshitshwe ukuba ayisiyo indlu ngokwayo, kodwa nayo yonke izakhiwo ezikwindawo zenziwa ngokuthathela ingqalelo ngokuchanileyo ngokwembali. Nokuba indlu ifakwe kwindawo yokudlala, kwaye idalwe kunye nokugcinwa kwetekhnoloji yakudala ye-Woodnitecture. Isiseko seli ndlu encinci isebenzela izine ze-hemp, ezikuvumela ukuba uyibize i-hut kwimilenze ekrakra. Ama-Rhizomes amabini ahlala apha ngasekhohlo, emva koko wathetha; Zongezwa ezimbini. Ukwamkelwa okunjalo, enkosi ekuza kuphakanyiswa isakhiwo ngaphezulu komhlaba, kwasetyenziswa ngokubanzi nguYilo weRussia. Icala leSoda, lalinika ukusikwa kakhulu kulondolozo olukhulu, kwaye kwelinye, enkosi kwi-Air Faker phakathi komgangatho wendlu yendlu kunye nomhlaba oshushu, kwakungcono ukuba ifudumele kwindlu ebandayo.Iimitha ezifikelelayo ukusuka kwisakhiwo sokuhlala kukho uphawu lwe-banya-i-incisppense yendawo yaseRussia. Imigangatho emibini. Kubokuqala, njengoko kufanele kube njalo, kukho igumbi le-sena, igumbi lokunxiba, igumbi lokuhlambela kwaye, kunjalo, igumbi leSteam kunye nesitovu esinesitofu sokwenyani, esisongelwe kwisitena. Ukongeza, i-10 kW i-10 kW ifakwe i-boiler yombane efakelweyo kwibhafu (i-viessmann, eJamani). Kumgangatho wesibini kukho umasifundisane we-master ekhaya. Ngenxa yokuba izithsaba ezinqunywe ngaphezulu kunezantsi, umgangatho wesibini wajika waba lusizi ngakumbi. Amaxesha okuqala kwezo ndawo zanelisekile ngamagumbi okulala asezulwini, apho lonke usapho lushiye ishushu. Namhlanje, ngenxa yemigangatho yombane efudumeleyo, ikhululekile apha nangaliphi na ixesha lonyaka.
Inzala ethile yindawo ethe tyaba ye-gulbiftche, ephumle kumgangatho walo uphumla ematyeni. Oku kwenziwa ngenjongo efanayo ukwenza indawo enomoya phantsi kweebhodi eziphantsi ukuze uzikhusele ekuboleni. Nantsi iqula lamanzi acocekileyo kunye nokugxila kwezitena. Uphahla lweTerrace lwenziwe nge-plexiglas elinamaphepha amabini aqhotyoshelwe kwimiqadi engaphezulu. Ukwamkelwa okunjalo kwenziwa ukuba kufezekiswe ukukhanya okuphezulu kwaye kwenziwe i-gulbish nendawo entle yokuphumla.
Ke into enamhlanje ihambelana nesiko elihlaziyiweyo, ize ndithethe umphefumlo, nditsho umphefumlo. Nangona kunjalo, kweli bali, kwakusekuqaleni kakhulu ukubeka inqaku. Njengoko umbhali ngokuthi, ayizizo zonke izimvo eziqinisekisiweyo, oko kuthetha nendlu ikhulisa, kwaye iqhuma igadi ...
Ukubalwa okwandisiweyo kweendleko zomsebenzi kunye nezixhobo ekwakhiweni kweNdlu kunye nendawo iyonke ye-243m2, efana nezazisiweyo
| Igama lemisebenzi | Iiyunithi. utshintsho | Inani le | Ixabiso, $ | Iindleko, $ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Umsebenzi osisiseko | ||||
| Ithatha i-axes, ubume, uphuhliso kunye nokuphumla | m3. | 40. | Shumi elinesibhozo | I-720. |
| Isiseko seSiseko seSiseko | m2. | I-83. | 3. | 249. |
| Umsebenzi we-Sasai (Ukophulwa kwentsimi yepeyinti, ukuqhuba amaqula, isixhobo se-pirbill piles) | m3. | 3. | 90. | 270. |
| Ikhonkrithi yeChumithi yeChithi (iFomu, ukuqiniswa, ngokuhambelana) | m3. | Thoba | 72. | I-648. |
| Isixhobo sokugcina iindonga ezivela kwiibhloko (isiseko) | m3. | ezine | 40. | I-160. |
| Ukulinganisa amanzi ngokuthe tyaba kunye nokutshata | m2. | 68. | ezine | 272. |
| Iyonke | 2320. | |||
| Izixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo kwicandelo | ||||
| Ikhonkrithi inzima | m3. | 12 | 70. | I-840. |
| Vimba | I-PC. | Shumi elinantlanu | Amashumi amathathu | I-450. |
| I-Granite yelitye eliqhekeziweyo, isanti | m3. | Amashumi amabini | 27. | I-540. |
| I-HydrosteClool, iFimumumineous Mastic | m2. | 68. | I-1,3 | 88. |
| I-Arsal, izihlangu zomsebenzi weFomu, uWirety Wire | seta | - | - | I-380. |
| Ezinye izinto | - | - | - | I-140. |
| Iyonke | 2440. | |||
| Iindonga, izahlulo, ngaphezulu | ||||
| Ukusika udonga kwiilogo | m3. | 34. | 90. | 3060. |
| Izitebhisi zekhasiki, iVeranda, iindwendwe | seta | - | - | Ngo-1900. |
| Ukugcwalisa ukuvula ii-windows kunye neebhloko zecango | m2. | 26. | 35. | I-910. |
| Iyonke | I-5870. | |||
| Izixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo kwicandelo | ||||
| Ngena i-tessana | m3. | 34. | I-100 | I-3400. |
| Iplanga | m3. | ezine | I-120. | 480. |
| Ukuphosa | ikg | Amashumi amahlanu | Nye | Amashumi amahlanu |
| Iibhloko zeWoophu zeWoophu (iglasi yegumbi ezimbini) | m2. | 26. | I-250. | I-6500. |
| Iyonke | I-10430. | |||
| Isixhobo sokuphumla | ||||
| Ukufakwa koyilo lweRafter | m2. | I-110. | Shumi elinane | I-1540. |
| Isixhobo se-vaporizotion | m2. | I-110. | Nye | I-110. |
| I-Interchings | m2. | I-110. | 2. | I-220. |
| Isixhobo sokuthinta intsimbi | m2. | I-110. | 10 | I-1100. |
| Ukupheliswa kweendawo zokugcina, ii-HOESS, isixhobo samafuthane | seta | - | - | I-700. |
| Iyonke | I-3670. | |||
| Izixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo kwicandelo | ||||
| Iphepha lensimbi yensimbi (iFinland) | m2. | I-110. | 12 | 1320. |
| Iplanga | m3. | Sibhozo | I-120. | 960. |
| I-Steam, umoya kunye neefilimu zamanzi | m2. | I-110. | 2. | I-220. |
| Iyonke | Ngama-2500. | |||
| Iinkqubo zobunjineli | ||||
| Isixhobo sequla (ukususwa komhlaba, ufakelo kunye nokuthatyathwa kwekhonkrithi eqinileyo kwikhonkrithi, ukudibanisa amalungu, ukucoca kakuhle) | I-15 pog. M. | - | - | I-1100. |
| Isixhobo senkqubo yokuhambisa amanzi amdaka, kubandakanya ukumba kwetanki ye-septic kunye ne-filter fitches | seta | - | - | I-3300. |
| Umsebenzi wombane kunye nomsebenzi | seta | - | - | I-3400. |
| Iyonke | I-7800. | |||
| Izixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo kwicandelo | ||||
| Ukukhala kwekhonkco kwikhonkrithi k-10-10 | I-15 PCS. | - | - | I-890. |
| Inkqubo yeNkqubo yokuNikeza amanzi amdaka (iFinland) | seta | - | - | I-5200. |
| Inkqubo yokufudumeza kwamanqanaba | seta | - | - | I-400. |
| I-Biler ye-Boier ye-Boianier yeSoinier yeRainier | seta | - | - | I-1800. |
| Izixhobo zokwenza imibhobho kunye nezixhobo zombane | seta | - | - | 3500. |
| Iyonke | I-11 790. | |||
| Ukugqiba umsebenzi | ||||
| I-COACK yeBhodi yeBhodi | m2. | I-93. | 10 | I-930. |
| I-Liner Liner Line | m2. | I-130. | 12 | 1560. |
| Ejongene nendawo enemitha ye-ceramic | m2. | Amashumi amathathu | Shumi elinesibhozo | I-540. |
| Ukudibana komphezulu okhuselayo | seta | - | - | 2300. |
| Iyonke | I-5330. | |||
| Izixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo kwicandelo | ||||
| Ibhodi ye-Gulf yokuqala neyesibini (ipine) | m2. | I-130. | 40. | I-5200. |
| I-teramic tile | m2. | Amashumi amathathu | Amashumi amabini | I-600. |
| I-Eurovita (Pine) | m2. | I-130. | Shumi elinesibhozo | 2340. |
| I-varnish sension. | L. | Amashumi amathathu | 7. | I-210. |
| Ioyile yokhuselo lwe-pinotex | L. | 60. | Sibhozo | 480. |
| Ezinye izinto | - | - | - | 320. |
| Iyonke | I-9150 | |||
| Ixabiso lilonke lomsebenzi | I-25000. | |||
| Ixabiso lilonke lezinto | I-36310. | |||
| Iyonke | I-61310 |