Itekhnoloji yokwakha yendlu yeWoophu evela kwi-Glber Tiber: Inkcaza egadwe yomsebenzi. Uqikelelo.
Ngokwe-Technology "I-Palax-Stroy" ukusuka kumzuzu wokubeka isiseko de kube nokwakhiwa kwendlu kwi-jied bar kuqhutywa iinyanga ezintandathu
Izindlu ezivela kumaplanga ezi-glber Yenza umthwalo omncinci kwisiseko, ke kwanele ukuxhobisa uyilo lwekholdi.
Abantu basemhlabeni benziwe ngesandla
Isiseko sigalelwe i-phasate
Yenza isiseko sezakhiwo ze-Ongen yezakhiwo zeLongen:
Isiseko seRibbon
Ukususwa kobugcisa
Ukulungiselela i-Pleting Plet
ICandelo le "ZORO", i-Waterproof Forting Card
Ukusela amaplanga kunye nokususwa kweenkuni ezigqithisileyo kwenziwa yidiski kunye ne-chain
Ukumakisha okufanelekileyo kunye nomenzi ochanekileyo beebhamplate, iitemplate ziyasetyenziswa
Ukusongelwa ngokuchanekileyo kweekomityi kwenziwa ngesixhobo sesandla
Ukuhlanganisa iibhan kwi: Ukufika kwi-crown yokuqala kwi-Anchor
UCeequet kunye nokugrumba imingxunya phantsi kwe "Gelukhari"
Ukuqinisa imivalo kunye ne-shuchars
Ukufudumeza kwe-Seams, imiqathango yemitya ye-Polythylene
Ukugqiba umphezulu weendonga zokugaya okubiyela phantsi kwengqungquthela yokugxotha i-antiseptic
Iziphelo ze-rusemsev ziyafakwa ngokwakhiwa kokuncedisa "Ayidol"
Ukulungelelanisa amaqhosha anolwazi asetyenziselwa ukubuyisa i-shrinkage
I-wands ephezulu eyakhiwe ekhaya ifihliwe kwifilimu yemvula
I-thermal inyawo lonyawo lomtshato
Ukufaka izinto zeNkqubo yeStrainage
Icebo laphantsi
Isicwangciso somgangatho wesibini
Isicwangciso somgangatho waseMannard
Iitekhnoloji zezindlu ezakhiweyo zomthi ezakhiweyo zihlala ziphuculwe. Enye into eqinisekileyo kwi-Wruus eqinileyo namhlanje yibar eseleyo. Izindlu ezivela kwezi zixhobo zihluleke bubabalo lweefom zoyilo, ukuqulunqwa kobungangamsha beendonga kunye neepropathi eziphezulu zokonga amandla.
Isixhobo
Imanyano yeWood kunye nelitye - isibambiso se-icology ye-doduduga kwibar eqinileyo eRussia kuthatha amashumi eminyaka. Ukulula kokwakha ukusuka kwilog ye-broom elenziwe (kwaye imveliso ephambili yebharithi ye-Crit) icacile. Awudingi ukugqiba iilogo omnye komnye, kwizibalo zobunjineli onokukhokelwa yimilinganiselo esemgangathweni yezinto. Iziphumo zolwakhiwo ziya kuba nzima kwaye zikhawuleze. Ukongeza, indlu evela kwezi zinto kulula ukuyitywina, ngaphandle kwayo inokwahlulwa yiBhodi okanye i-subday, ukusuka ngaphakathi kwi-plasterboard okanye "i-clapboard". Isakhiwo esakhiweyo sokwakhiwa kwizakhiwo ezivela kwilog yomthamo ofanayo. Kodwa, ngayo yonke imfuyo, ibha eqinileyo inezinto ezingalunganga. Njengelog, iphantsi kweShrinkage ngenxa yokutoma kweenkuni zendalo. Iyatya; Ngaphantsi kwempembelelo yezinto zemomoya, "ikhokelela", ngenxa yoko umphezulu weendonga zenziwe. Okokugqibela, akanyangwa ngee-epitores, i-antiseptics kunye nexesha lokuFunga kwamanzi iinkuni eziqinileyo zichaphazeleka ekutshisweni nokubola. Kwangoko, le minyaka ilishumi yaseRussia yasasazwa kwitekhnoloji yebha ye-goad (ye-fan), eya kuthi ivela phesheya. Izindlu ezivela kwezi zixhobo aziphuhliswanga iipropathi zemeko zokusingqongileyo zezakhiwo ezivela kwiinkuni eziqinileyo, kodwa umyalelo wobungangamileyo uzigqitha ngokweephetshanisi zamathuba obuchwepheshe noyilo.
Ukuveliswa kwamaplanga abhalisiweyo kuyasungulwa kwimigangatho yaseYurophu kusekwe eRussia, kodwa kusekwelona mpahla liphezulu liza kuthi ga eFinland. Njengommiselo, iinkampani zaseFinland zithumela ngaphandle iiseti zezindlu ezigqityiweyo eziqokelelwa ziingcali zengingqi. Izakhiwo zokwakha ezivela kwimivalo yeplanga
Imigaqo yokwakha ngempumelelo kukugcinwa ngokufanelekileyo kwebar kwaye ukuthuthwa kwemveliso ye-NEOT kwimveliso yaseRussia. Abavelisi beempawu abavelisi babonelelwe kuzo zombini iiseti zezindlu ezigqityiweyo kunye nezixhobo eziqhutywa kwindawo yokwakha. Ixabiso le-1m3 lemithi ye-Glbeed iyahluka ngaphakathi kwe- $ 400-550 kwaye ixhomekeke kwipropathi yezixhobo eziluhlaza kunye neglu. Umgangatho ofanelekileyo uthathwa njengeGlue "I-COOLY COOLY YENKUNDLA YENKULUMBUZO" KLEIBIT ".
Ibhaji ye-GLED yahlulwahlulwa ngobukhulu beentlobo kunye neendlela zemveliso. I-SIZER-Ukuphakama kwe-160mm, ububanzi be-180mm. I-bar ye-fed nkqo iqulathe iinxalenye ezintathu okanye ezingaphezulu (i-Lamellae) ezishiyo ngokuthe nkqo ngendlela yokuba icandelo eliqinileyo libekho ngaphandle, lingabikho phantse lobuqhetseba. Amaplanga anjalo aveliswa ngokuphakama kwe-76-20mmmm kunye nobubanzi obuyi-88-210mm. Isetyenziselwa ukwakha iindonga. Ibar enamaphepha athe tyaba inenxalenye ethe tyaba ngokuthe tyaba; Ububanzi bayo buhlala buyi-160 mm, ukuphakama kwahluka ukusuka kwi-100 ukuya kwi-210mm. Esi sixhobo sisetyenziselwa ukwenziwa kweereyitha. I-Saloon Bar inamacandelo amathandathu. Kulungile ukwakha iindonga zezakhiwo zomgangatho ophezulu. Ububanzi bayo buyi-185, 205mm. Kwitekhnoloji efanayo, iintsika, imiqadi, iirafti, izinto zokugqobhoza, ezantsi, iifestile ze-wills, amanyathelo anyibilikisiwe.
Njengoko izinto zokwakha zebar ye-glded azinazimvo phakathi kweemveliso zomthi. Uphindwe kabini ngeenkuni ezinkulu, kuba akukho zibuko kwisakhiwo sayo. Iipropathi ze-Herield ye-Blued Bar Bar ye-180mm ubukhulu becala ngokudibeneyo kunye neepropathi
Umphezulu we-bar ugqibe ngononophelo ngokunciphisa ukunciphisa ukuqina kunye nokufumana i-upoty yenkuni ye-memetic ye-memetic. Ivumelekile ukuba iglule ibha yobude (phantsi komyalelo) nakumthi wezinto ezahlukeneyo ezahlukeneyo. Ke, ngaphandle kwe-larprof yamanzi inokusetyenziswa ngaphandle, kwaye ngaphakathi kwepine. Uyilo lwenziwe ngeenkuni ezigculelwe ngama-50-70% eqinile. Ukuncipha kwendlu yi-0.5% kuphela. Iseti yendawo yodonga kunye nemigangatho evela kumzi-mveliso yiseti yecandelo eligudileyo, icandelo elifanayo lemivalo enezininzi ezahlukeneyo kunye nolungelelwaniso lweekomityi (iisayithi zeWooll). Yakha indlu ngokungqongqo ngokwemephu yetekhnoloji, iinkcukacha nganye ziphawulwe. Iindawo zokuhlangana ezenziweyo ngokuthe ngqo kwindawo yokwakha zichanekile ngokulinganayo, kuba ii-wishdis zisebenzisa itemplate kunye nesixhobo esichanekileyo. Umphezulu wenkqubo ye-bar ilungele. Ukuzalelwa kwendawo yeendebe yile-1-3mm. Ukongeza eludongeni, udonga akufuneki ukuba lugutyungelwe ngengoma yokhuselo, luwona mhlobiso uphambili wezangaphakathi kunye nokubonakala kwesakhiwo. Iintlobo ngeentlobo zepropathi ye-glded ivumela ukuba wakheke kuyo ekhaya nangaziphi na izitayile, ukusuka kwisiko ukuya ku-Ultra-wadale.
Ungahlula njani na izinto ezisemgangathweni? Okokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubukho besatifikethi sokuvumelana. A ezikumgangatho ophezulu njo bar yenziwa kumashishini eqinisekisiweyo ngokutsho ISO 2000 umgangatho. Abenzi ezigwenxa, njengoko umthetho, musa ukuba isiqinisekiso esinjalo. Ngamanye amaxesha ukuqinisekisa ukuba kwanele ukuyihlola. Ukuba kukho iindawo ezibuthathaka kunye neendawo ezingenanto ezingezizo eziphepheni zebar, ukuba amaLamellas ebuleweyo ahlanganisene kwiinkuni ezahlukeneyo, ukuba iitshipsi kunye ne-chips ziphoswe emehlweni, - ezi zinto azihambelani nomgangatho. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ukuba akukho iintanda iindawo non-ayoni emancamini, ukuba kumphezulu nto yohlobo olunye ngombala kunye ukuguda noburhabaxa kwakunye ongenayo iziphene ebonakalayo - izibonelelo ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Enye into esemgangathweni kukungabikho kweSprucellas emzimbeni. Ezona ndawo zifanelekileyo zikwi-pine kunye ne-gruch. Iingcali ziyabaqonda ngombala kunye ne-fibers.
Isiseko
"Kulungile, nesiqingatha secala," yatsho intetho. Ngokuphathelele kwisiseko sendlu yomthi, kuyinyani. Kucacile ukuba ukuba umthwalo uyonke kwisiseko sokwakhiwa kwendawo iyonke ye-250-300m2 yi-70-80 yeetoni, kuyavakala ukucinga kuzo zonke iinkcukacha zesiseko. Incovering "xa usikrobana neekona ezibomvu" ichazwe ngokwenkcukacha netheknoloji bephosa isiseko iribhoni-column lendlu log.
Abasebenzi bokwakha baxhase imeko ebekiweyo ngaphambili emhlabeni. Ngoko ke, ukuba ukukhusela isiseko ukusuka deformation indawo ngumhlaba ngaphakathi kothango lweenqwelo zokulwa zentlabathi enkulu. Indlu ye-gid bar, ngokwakhiwa kwayo sazisa umfundi, simi kwinduli. Umhlaba-oqhelekileyo lomlo. Ngokuphefumla kwemeko, abaqulunqi kunye nabasebenzi baqhutywa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo. Ukusuka kwicala lentaba kuphela, apho indlu yesiseko iphezulu, babeka itayile yesiseko kwi-20cm enzulu kunokuba ivela
Zonke iindawo izakhiwo yeplanga sisoloko yindlela sisincoko ezahlukeneyo ibakhusela inxalenye ephakamileyo yenduli. Ukunyuka kweentsika kwakusetyenziswa imibhobho ye-Asbet ye-300 mm, ifakwe kwi-Shur eshukumayo yangaphambi kwe-160-160 cm. Iintsika zazibekwe kuyo yonke i-perimeter yesiseko rhoqo nge-0.5m. Itshaja yombhobho ibibekwe isakhelo secandelo lenxantathu lokuhambisa i-triangling ukusuka kwibha yentsimbi kwaye ikhukuliswe ngekhonkrithi. Iifreyimu zobubanzi be-40cm ukusuka kwi-qinile yentsimbi yesinyithi enye yetephu yesiseko enxulumene noko. Ukuzaliswa kokuqala kwekhonkrithi yenziwa emhlabeni ngenqanaba lomhlaba. Emva koko, ngaphezulu kwe tape elingaphantsi, formwork efakiweyo, ngaphakathi sikhokelo olongezelelweyo ukusuka kugunyaziso leyo abotshelelweyo, azilahlele nakumphezulu kweli litye lesiseko kubude-50 cm ngaphezu komhlaba.
Imingxunya yezinto zemali mboleko kunye nephantsi kwe "Gelukhari" zisebenza kwicandelo lendawo ebisekwa iribhoni yesiseko, unxibelelwano lobunjineli bunyuka. Phambili komgca, imibhobho ye-asbebec ibekwe kunye ne-200mm, apho imibhobho yokuhambisa amanzi amdaka kunye nokuhambisa amanzi kwakhokelela kwindlu, intambo yombane. Umhlaba ophumileyo kwaye utyhelwe ngokupheleleyo. I-sand yesanti egudileyo ibekwe kwisiseko somhlaba. Inkqubo-sikhokelo ye-Armare kwindiza yesiseko sendlu yekhaya. Ukubandakanya ukwenza izinto ezongeziweyo ngaphandle kwesiseko, kuphosa i-Monolithic Slab Slab nge-200mm, eyaba sisiseko seNdlu. Isiseko senziwe ukusuka kwisitena esibomvu (M250).
Iindonga
Iindonga zeNdlu kufuneka zixhomekeke kakhulu kwinqanaba ngokupheleleyo. Ngale nto, abakhi bazisa "zero": benza iipleyiti ngoncedo lwesixhobo sokulinganisa kunye nenqanaba, imigca ye-200m ye-200 cm kwaye ifakwe kwi-hydronokhotklozol.
Ukuphindaphinda i-antiveptition yomphezulu weendawo eziphakathi kwezithsaba ngaphambi kokubeka ubushushu i-ribbon i-ribbon i-ribble iphathwe kwi-priber ehamba i-pitber inyathelwe i-pitsep of the the primen "(tikkurila, eFinland), emva koko baqala ukumakishwa kwemivalo kunye nokwenziwa kweekomityi zezinto eziphambili. Iikomityi zenziwe zifakwe kwimivalo ye-disc ezenziwe ngombane owenziwe kwiipatheni ezihamba zePlywood. Iinkuni ezigqithisileyo zasuswa yi-chainsiw kunye ne-chisel. Le khompawundi emboxo isithsaba yokuqala zenziwa usebenzisa semobrus, apho ekupheleni eziphelweni ngaphandle) zaye imivalo ubungakanani ngokupheleleyo-phandle nge ekuphakameni 160mm kwaye 180mm ububanzi. Isithsaba sokuqala sasilungisiwe kwisiseko se-ankile ukulungisa iindonga zeNdlu kwisiseko. Izithsaba ezilandelayo zaqokelelwa kwiplanga eligcweleyo kunye nohambo olufanayo lokujoyina. Lo mbono ujongeka kakuhle ngaphandle nangaphakathi endlwini. Ewe kunjalo, ukulungiswa kwebha ngendawo ayiziingcali ezincinci kwaye kuxabisa ngaphezulu kwemveliso kwiimeko zefektri. Kodwa iingcali zikholelwa ukuba umsebenzi wencwadi kwizakhiwo zokwakha ikuvumela ukuba ufezekise indibano echanekileyo ngakumbi. Indlela elungileyo yemeko yomanyano kunye nabathengi, apho izindlu ezi-5 zakhiwe khona kwiiprojekthi ezifanayo.
Ukufaka imingxunya kwimivalo phantsi kwe- "Glukhary" yolondolozo lweTekhnoloji yeThelex (Moscow) yeTekhnoloji (iMoscow) kukuba imivalo inomdla omnye komnye. Ziqiniswe sisitshixo sokuphela kwi-screwdriver-right of icekeceke kwi-oda ye-checker kunye nomphezulu webar. Umgama omnye komnye-1.5m. Ngaphakathi ukuhlangana kwe-anglar, ezimbini "i-muffihar" ifakwe. Unxibelelwano olunjalo, ngokutshiswa okuncinci kweendonga, kwenza ukuba uyilo luhlale luhlala luhleli. Ukongeza, ikuvumela ukuba utsala imivalo kwiindawo apho ubungakanani bqwalaselwa khona ngokunxulumene nodonga oluphezulu. I-Groove egqwesileyo ye-bied bar ifakwe kwi-tepe ye-polyethylene ye-polyethylene, edlala indima eyongezelelweyo kunye nokufakelwa kobushushu. Obu buchule bubonelela nge-inverblub yokuthengiswa kwe-inqoca Iifemu ezithile zeFinnash ziyakonwabela "i-muchakha". Abanye basebenzisa inkqubo ye-sutread suts (i-napillates) evumela iindonga ezivela ezantsi ukuya phezulu. Imivalo emininzi kwiinwele ze-hairpins inomdla kwi-muts nganye. Izitulo ngokwazo ziyanda njengoko iindonga zakhiwe. Indibaniselwano yemivalo eneebhulukhwe zomthi zenziwa. Ngetekhnoloji yendibano eyenziwe lula, imivalo iqhagamshelwe kuphela nge-spikes.
Ukugrumba iziphelo zebhanti yebhanti ezigayile njengendlu yentloko phantsi kophahla, abasebenzi benza ukuba umatshini ugaya iindonga kunye neziphelo zeBruusyev. Ewe, kwinkqubo yokwakha, le miphezulu iphantsi kwazo zonke iintlobo zeempembelelo zemotofic. Isiphumo siphule icocekile ukucoceka kwabo, kwaye kuya kufuneka ibuyiselwe. Lo mthi ufumana umswakama we-themospic ikakhulu ukusuka kwiziphelo. Ukuthintela oku kwaye uthintele ukuqhekeza ibha phantsi kwempembelelo ye-radiation ye-UV, iziphelo kunye neendonga ziphathwe ngomyalelo wokugcina i-Aisol (i-Rimers, iJamani). Ngomhlobiso ogqityiweyo weendonga, abasebenzi basebenzisa i-oyile eliyi-antiseptic "i-valtikor-satin" (ekhusela imithi kwi-themospiaric speciation, i-solar radiation kwaye ngaxeshanye ibhalwe ngombala okhethiweyo.
Igquma
Njengeebhunga zemigangatho yomgangatho, iinjineli zanikwa ukuba zisebenzise amaplanga odonga olufanayo, kodwa ngendlela ekhethekileyo ephucukileyo. Ukusuka kuye kwenziwa yi-beam ngendlela yeleta eguqulweyo ". Kwimithi yayo yamanqaku amahlanu (ukuphakama), ukuguquguquka kusekwe kwiiplanga eziphathwayo. Imiqadi enamathele kwi-1m yomelele ngokwaneleyo ukuba ingakwazi ukumelana nomthwalo wefanitshala, izixhobo kunye nabemi beNdlu. Imigangatho yophahla yenziwa kwi-pine "i-lining" (18mm ububanzi),
imiqadi idlulela babe icandelo T-okwe apho lonke "ngokuzalisa" isekelwe. Kwangelo xesha, iBhodi yomibini icocekile. Ngaphezulu kwesilingi, umaleko wokufakwa kwe-vapor kufakwe ngaphezulu kwe-rigid yoboya ye-Issurelid Woobs (100mm). Nawo uyayibetha kwaye amanzi. Phezu kweentloko kwi bar 55cm, isibane kwenziwa yaye wenza ukutyibilika ibango ukuba babeke ibhodi parquet. Ngaphantsi kwayo, umaleko wokunganyangekiyo kwi-Plywood enganyangekiyo i-Plywood iya kubekwa kwi-adrecal. Xa ushiya iindonga kunye nokugqobhoza, abasebenzi bokuhamba phakathi kwe-beams yoluliwe okwethutyana.
Uninzi ngokwahlukeneyo ozijonga ngayo ukutyibilika le eliphezulu - kule nxalenye kwendlu zazenziwe evulekileyo. Ukongeza ekwenzeni iingxaki zobunjineli, badlala indima yokuhombisa kwaye bayinxalenye yangaphakathi.
Rafyla
Uphahla lwendibano olusezantsi kulwakhiwo lolwakhiwo lweNdlu. Banomthwalo wophahla "ikhekhe" kunye nekhephu ebusika. Zephetshana uqikelelo eRussia umthwalo ikhephu abaliweyo phezu kophahla - 1300kg / m2. Songeza kobu ubunzima be-tile yendalo, apho uphahla lwenziwe uphahla. Indawo yayo kule meko yi-420m2. Kucacile ukuba iifama zophahla kufuneka zenziwe ukusuka kwizibonelelo eziphakamileyo. Eyona inokuthenjwa kwiNdlu yeWoodn ziimveliso ezigcweleyo. Imiqadi yokugquma kwi-attic yenziwa ngamaplanga aqhelekileyo aqhelekileyo. Iirwele zenziwa ngokhuni ezenziwe ngenye itekhnoloji, ibanika amandla anyukayo. Imilenze umqadi ezenziwe ibhari tye unamathela nge ekuphakameni 210mm, ububanzi 78mm kunye 12m elide. Baya kuhlala phezu wints aphezulu iindonga kunye nezinye izinto eliphakathi idityaniswe kwi "indawo".
Uphahla
I-Brux, imiqadi, iibhodi ziqinile ukuya phezulu ngetreyi ngoncedo lwe-teppelogies ngobuchule be-rope yendlu yendlu isetyenziswa kwizakhiwo zelinye ulwakhiwo lwezinye izinto. Kule meko, ingqalelo yoYilo kunye neenjineli zatsalwa kwiimpawu ezintle, kuba indlu esuka kwibar ngumsebenzi wobugcisa.
Iingcali zenkampani i-RM-STROY (MOSCOW) zenziwa ngemeko eqhekezayo yomsebenzi ekufakweni kweedrafti kunye nokubeka uphahla. Uphahla "Pie", njengoko kufuneka kubonelelwe, iqulethe iingqimba eziguqulweyo zomqobo we-vapor, i-insulser, kunye ne-vapor-hydro yokufakelwa. I Palax-Stroy uncamathiselo ukhetha ukusebenzisa avezwa izimbiwa uboya ipleyiti Rockwool, apho, ngokutsho nabasebenzi inkampani, yeyona imvelo lula ngokhuni endlwini-sakhiwo. Kwisixhobo esiphantsi kwe-theile yendalo "ye-Braas" esebenzise ibha yobuhlanga engama-55 cm. Itekhnoloji yokulala enjalo ichazwe ngaphezulu kwesinye kwijenali yethu (jonga kwizixhobo "zangoku:", Uphahla lwendlu yakho "), wena abanakuthetha ngayo ngokweenkcukacha. siyaphawula kuphela ukuba ubumba umbala ithayile "Frankfurt" ezidityaniswe kunye yabangazijongisisi kancinane phantsi imivalo oki eludongeni-mihle, lihle kuse ziingcali ephucukileyo. kunye izinto zobugcisa, njengethayile enzima yendalo na iimpawu ingcinezelo zendalo, apho imivalo eludongeni acofiweyo ngokuqinileyo nxamnye omnye komnye..
Izitepsi ezingaphandle
Ukucofa amaplanga odonga phantsi kofakelo lwe-rafter usebenzisa indawo ekufutshane yendawo kukoyisa. Ukwenzela ukukhusela isiseko kwinduli ye-roll yenduli kwaye uyithathe kumjelo wangoku ungaphantsi kwesakhiwo, inkqubo yokwakhiwa komhlaba egqibeleleyo ilungelelaniswe malunga nesakhiwo. Ngoko nangoko emva lokonakala eziphathekayo, iingcali babeka imibhobho polyethylene yokukhupha amanzi emhlabeni, nto leyo ubophe iifanela eziliqela ngamanzi-uqhutywa kujikelezo sakhiwo. Amanzi aqukuqela ukusuka entabeni kunye nophahla iwela ngokusebenzisa iifanela kwi umqokeleli yokukhupha amanzi, Ngaphezu bahlelwe (ukucwangciswa emandlalweni wakhe engagqitywanga). Isandla, kucwangcisiwe ukusondela ezinyaweni zenduli. Izinyuko zekhonkrithi ziphoswa ngaphezulu kwemibhobho yochunga avela kumacala omabini eNdlu. Unokukhwela kwiveranda ephezulu, okanye uqhubeke ukuqhubela kwinduli ukuya ehlathini.
Ukulungiswa kwendlela yokwenza umsebenzi wokuphosa izinyuko ukuya kwizigqibo zezitepsi zangaphandle zifanelwe kukuqwalaselwa ngokukodwa. Emva kwemibhobho yokuphuma amanzi abekwe emhlabeni, abasebenzi bacwangciswa phezu kwabo intsholongwane ye-sandy-green-gravel-gravel kunye nokuqokelela i-formququ yoomatshini bexesha elizayo. Ngaphakathi kwi-forection eyenziwe kwizakhelo zokuqiniswa kwamanyathelo, emva koko baphosa kwiNdlela efanayo nesiseko. Izitepsi zexesha elikufutshane ziya kufakwa ngelitye. Qaphela ukuba inkampani yokwakha ithathe inxaxheba kwintsimi yendlu yenye indlu, kodwa ilali encinci, inqanaba lokuqala lezindlu ezivela kumthi wemipu. Imithombo yomhlaba ifanele igqitywe kwintwasahlobo yonyaka olandelayo. Kuphela kuxa ke liza kuvavanywa ngokupheleleyo yimvelaphi yesisombululo sobuqobo kunye nomgangatho wokwakhiwa.
Iza kuqhubeka.
Ukubalwa okwandisiweyo kweendleko zomsebenzi kunye nezixhobo zokwakhiwa kweNdlu kunye nendawo yonke ye-270m2
| Igama lemisebenzi | Iiyunithi. utshintsho | Inani le | Ixabiso, $ | Iindleko, $ |
|---|
| Umsebenzi osisiseko |
|---|
| Ithatha i-axes, ubume, uphuhliso kunye nokuphumla | m3. | 92. | Shumi elinesibhozo | 1656. |
| Isixhobo sesiseko serabha, umsebenzi wangaphambi kunye nokuhamba kwamanzi athe tyaba | m2. | I-170. | Sibhozo | 1360. |
| Umsebenzi, ukuqiniswa, ukuqinisekiswa (i-tepe kunye neZiseko zeCladimithi, i-Monolithic W / B) | m3. | 98. | 60. | I-5880. |
| Isilumkiso Sodwa | m2. | I-240. | 2.8. | I-672. |
| Iyonke | I-9568. |
|---|
| Izixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo kwicandelo |
| Ikhonkrithi inzima | m3. | 98. | 62. | 6076. |
| I-Granite yelitye eliqhekeziweyo, isanti | m3. | I-51. | 28. | I-1428. |
| I-bimouminous polymer mastic, i-hydrohoteallool | m2. | I-240. | 2.8. | I-672. |
| Ukuqeshisa intsimbi, i-firengs, iwindows | T. | I-1,8. | I-390. | I-702. |
| Iyonke | I-8878. |
|---|
| Iindonga (ibhokisi) |
|---|
| Umsebenzi wokulungiselela, ufakelo kunye nokugcuma kwesakhiwo | m2. | 270. | 3.5 | I-945. |
| Ukubekwa kweendonga zezitena (isiseko phantsi kweendonga) | m3. | 10 | 26. | 260. |
| Ukusika iindonga ukusuka kumaplanga | m3. | 90. | I-150. | 13500. |
| Iindonga ezishushu zodonga olukhethiweyo | m2. | 320. | Thoba | 2880. |
| Ukufakwa kweekholamu kwizihlangu | ikholamu | 10 | 74. | 740. |
| Iyonke | Ngo-18325. |
|---|
| Izixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo kwicandelo |
| Isitena sodongwe | I-PC. | I-3800. | I-0.18. | I-684. |
| Isisombululo se-Masonry | m3. | 1.5 | 60. | 90. |
| Amaplanga (amaplanga ahleliweyo, ibhodi entweni) | m3. | 90. | I-450. | 40500. |
| Iyonke | 41274. |
|---|
| Isixhobo sokuphumla |
|---|
| Ukufakwa koyilo lweRafter | m2. | I-180. | 12 | 2160. |
| Isixhobo sokufumana i-tile | m2. | I-180. | Sibhozo | I-1440. |
| Ukupheliswa kweendawo zokugcina, ii-HOESS, isixhobo samafuthane | m2. | 70. | Thoba | I-630. |
| Isixhobo seCalane Vaporizotion | m2. | I-180. | I-1,4. | 252. |
| Ukufakwa kwenkqubo ye-drain | rm. M. | Amashumi amahlanu | 6. | I-300. |
| Iyonke | I-4782. |
|---|
| Izixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo kwicandelo |
| I-Cartime-Sand Tile Braas (iJamani) | m2. | I-180. | 29. | I-5220. |
| Iplanga | m3. | Thoba | I-120. | I-1080. |
| I-Paro-, wimi-, iifilimu ze-hydraulic | m2. | I-180. | 2. | I-360. |
| Inkqubo yokuhamba | seta | Nye | I-500. | I-500. |
| Iyonke | 7160. |
|---|
| Ixabiso lilonke lomsebenzi | 32680. |
|---|
| Ixabiso lilonke lezinto | I-57310 |
|---|
| Iyonke | I-89990. |
|---|
Abahleli bebulela i-palex-stroy kunye ne-RSM-stroy yokuququzelela ukufota kwiziko kunye nokubonisana kwisakhiwo sendlu yendlu.
