Esona sikhokelo sineenkcukacha kwiingcango zangaphakathi: Yintoni ebhetele ukukhetha indlela yokujonga umgangatho kunye nentaba ngokuchanekileyo

Sithetha malunga neefilimu zeminyango yenterround, iindleko zokuhombisa, sicebisa ukuba sijonga njani umgangatho, ukwenza ufakelo kwaye siveze ezinye amanqaku abalulekileyo.

Ingaphakathi leyo nayiphi na indlu okanye indlu ayenzi ngaphandle kweminyango ingaphakathi. Nokuba uthatha isigqibo sokushiya ivuliwe, ubuncinci i-canvas iya kufakwa kwigumbi lokuhlambela. Makhe sithethe ngendlela yokukhetha iingcango zangaphakathi kwiliphi inqanaba lokulungisa kweliphi ixesha lokuthenga nokwenza imilinganiselo yokuvula, indlela yokufaka iinkqubo kwaye ujonge umgangatho wokufaka.

Ukukhetha iingcango zegumbi kunye nezixhobo

Umahluko kwimbonakalo

Ngokwakha

Izixhobo zeFliners

Ingubo yokuhombisa impahla

Ukukhetha izixhobo

Iingcali ziyacetyiswa ukuba zicinge ngokukhetha inkqubo kwinqanaba lokuphuhliswa koyilo lweprojekthi yoyilo. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, akuyomfuneko ukuba uhambe imbonakalo kunye nenkangeleko yawo. Kusekusafuneka sivavanye umgangatho wokwenza kunye neempawu zokusebenza.

Zeziphi iingcango zangaphakathi

Ngokwesiko, iinkqubo zahluleke zasiwa yingweletshetshe nentsika. Ukongeza, ukuthandwa kweentlobo zefashord zefashord kuyafumana. Iindleko zendlu zixabisa zonke iimveliso zeglasi.

• Uyilo lweFillan. Kwimveliso yeemveliso zolu hlobo, i-Fotins engxamisekileyo okanye i-Fotins egciniweyo ifakwe kwisakhelo esivulekileyo okanye esibophelelayo. Isakhelo sinokwenziwa ngoko nalunye lwetekhnoloji echaziweyo okanye eyenziwe nge-arrey yenkuni (eqinileyo okanye iglu). Iifilitshala zenziwa kwi-MDF, i-chipboard, i-HDF (i-HDF Iinkcukacha ezigcwalisiweyo zikwandise isandi sibi ngakumbi kunezikhubekileyo, - ngakumbi le modeli ixhalabisayo ngamanqaku asuka kwizinto ezinqabileyo (ezi-6-10 mm). Indawo ebuthathaka-ukudityaniswa kwesakhelo sokufakwa. Ngenxa ye-oscillations, amalungu atshintshe imilinganiselo yabo, ngelixa i-spike engachazwanga ye-filösela ihamba kancinci ukusuka kwi-Groove kwibar yesakhelo. Kodwa oku kungathintelwa ukuba ngabavelisi amabala (ajongene) amalungu enxenye ngokwahlukeneyo, ayisebenzisi iglu xa uhlanganisana, kunye ne-screw ties.
• Uyilo lweCargy. Ngengqondo kufutshane ne-Filzanancha, kodwa ayinayo isakhelo esivaliweyo: Ilaphu liqulathe iiracks zecala, i-pussions-thertis-fasts-Tsarg (i-Tsarg (iPhedi okanye ububanzi obulinganayo) okanye ububanzi obuninzi okanye ububanzi. Qaphela ukuba bayayifaka ngokufanelekileyo isandi phambi kobuso bephazili okanye amatywina phakathi kookumkani.
• Uyilo lweShueld. Iinxalenye eziphambili zenkqubo enjalo ziyinto yokuqhekeza kwamaplanga, iphepha elinamacala amabini, ukuzaliswa, lenzelwe ukubeka ilaphu kwaye iphucule iimpawu zayo ezivakalayo. I-Shield Devanes zahlukile kwizinto zokugcwalisa.
• Amalaphu eglasi. Zenziwa kwi-tripledx evuthuzayo kunye nobungqingqwa be-10-12 mm. Banesalathiso sengxolo yengxolo yengxolo ye-22 DB, ngokupheleleyo ukufuma okunganyangekiyo (abavelisi bahlala becebisa ukubabeka kwindawo yokuhlambela), kodwa kunzima ukukhathalela.

Umahluko kuhlobo lokwakha

• Swing. Phantse naliphi na indawo yokuhlala. Uninzi luyinto oyilo olunye olubandakanya isakhelo sesakhelo kunye neplate enye. Ubungakanani obuncinci. Oku kukuvumela ukuba upose izindlu ezincinci ezinomnyango onqamlezileyo. Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeBavalve zifakwe kumagumbi endawo enkulu.
• Ukutyibilika. Igama lezi ntlobo lithetha ngokwalo. I-SASH ayiphumi, itshintshe kwicala, ikhulule i-disc. Kwangelo xesha, ihamba kakuhle kwi-rollers ecaleni kololiwe wensimbi, ehleli phezulu. Ingayishiya "ngokulinganayo okanye ukuhamba eludongeni. UYilo olunje lubonakala ngokufanelekileyo kwaye lugcina indawo yokuhlala. Kwindawo evulekileyo kuthatha indawo encinci kunemodeli edumbileyo.
• Ukusonga. Xa uvula, usiya kwizikhokelo, ngelixa uhlala elona candelo liluncedo. Ye-minuse ungabiza umnxeba ombi. Ngesi sizathu, i-inshulelelo yesandi imbi kakhulu.

Ukukhetha iifilimu zoMnyango

Iphepha okanye ikhadibhodi

Imveliso enjalo ikwabizwa ngokuba yiTamburat. Ukutsala kwenziwa kwiindawo eziguqukayo ezenziwe kwi-microcamp ye-MDF (i-Wood-Fibrous Ribroul Dects) ngobungqingqwa be-4-6 mm, kunye nekhadibhodi okanye iPhepha sePhepha sePhepha leSeicalalpate ibekwe phakathi kwabo. Izinto ezigcobileyo phantsi komatshini wokushicilela wamanzi weGue.

I-thanarate inobunzima obuyi-8-10 kg, inepropathi elungileyo yezandi (Isalathiso sengxolo yengxolo ye-25-27 dB) phantse ayifuneki. Bavunyelwe ukuba bagcine ubude (enje ngamanye amaxesha kwenzeka xa kufakwe kwigumbi lokuhlambela eliqhelekileyo). Eyona nto iphosakeleyo yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo kwiziphumo zoomatshini. Iipleyiti ze-MDF zikhanya ngokuqinileyo i-DVP (indalo), iidesi zivele ngokulula kumphezulu wazo.

I-chipboard ekhanyayo

Isitovu se-chip esinabantu abaninzi se-chip siyaphuculwa ecaleni kwemitya yemivalo, bancitshiswe ngeplastiki ecekeceke, i-MDF okanye i-MDF ukunciphisa amathuba okuba, i-biple, inkangeleko yomthi kunye ne-chipboard. Iipaneli ezinjalo zinzima kakhulu kuno-tumborn. Kwangelo xesha, isandi singcono, isandi singcono (Isalathiso sengxolo yengxolo yesi-27-30 DB).

Imivalo yomthi

I-core iqeshwa kwimivalo eqhekekileyo. Eyona nto iphambili, luluhlu lweenjineli zeenkuni. Ngaphandle kwephepha lokuzinzisa (rhoqo i-HDF), ayinakukwenza. Ngeempawu eziphambili, iimodeli ezinjalo ziyathelekiswa neemveliso ezisekwe kwi-chipboard, kodwa zithathwa njengemeko enobume bendalo. Ziyinto enkulu, ebonakaliswa kukhetho lweelogo.

I-gridi yebhodi emxinwa ye-fiberboard kunye ne-MDF

Ngokutsho koqwalaselo lweengcali, zeziphi iingcango zingaphakathi zingcono ukuba ukhethe, kunokugqitywa ukuba i-grill yeqela elincinci kunye ne-MDF yindlela ephelileyo yokwenza. Ngoku ngamanye amaxesha asetyenziswa ngamashishini amancinci. Iimodeli ezinjalo zibonakaliswa ngexabiso elithobekileyo, hayi kakhulu ukusebenza (amalungu abonakalayo ejongene nemiphetho, iJomemetri engachanekanga), i-Geomet engalunganga (ukubonga kakubi kunokuvela kwi-trim).

Polyreurene Foolder

I-Polysurethane Canvas ibonisa ukufakwa okufanelekileyo, ukungasebenzi kunye nokukhululeka.

Ukuhombisa impahla yokuhombisa

• Iplastiki yephepha elinephepha (i-laminatin, i-melamine ifilimu, iplastiki ye-CPL) -Izixhobo zokwenziwa ezisekwe kwi-Melamins. Iqhubeka kakhulu, ivelisa ngokuchanekileyo ukuthungwa komthi, kodwa umzobo kwiimveliso zenqaku elinye ziya kufana.
• Ifilimu ye-Polyproppen (i-ECOCHONP) -Ukuba nokudibana okungafunekiyo kunye ne-rating yezinto zendalo, ukunganyangeki nakuwo nawuphi na umthwalo osebenzayo. Xa ifudumele, inqabile, ivumela ukuba ulume icandelo ngokupheleleyo, ngaphandle komanyano kwi-Rails.
• Ifilimu ye-pvc yindlela yokuthambeka ethambileyo esetyenziswa ikakhulu kukulinganisa umbala we-monochrome. Ukuqulunqwa komthi kuphinda kuveliswe kakubi, zizinike ngokugqibeleleyo, imibala engaqhelekanga.
• I-Veer eyakhiwe ngokutsha ijongene ne-purutal (inkohliso-engaphakathi) yeplanga yamatye athambileyo ejijekileyo phantsi komatshini wokushicilela, emva koko wanqunyanyiswa kumaphepha anqabileyo. Inembono enomdla. Ifuna ukuba i-varnish (umbala). Ngapha koko, ukuxhathisa komphezulu kuxhomekeke kumgangatho we-varnish okanye i-enamel.
• I-veneer yendalo yindawo enomgangatho ophezulu ophambili ofunyenwe yindlela yemveli (ukubethwa kwe-cutitudinal ye-trinks kunye nemigca efihlakeleyo ibe ngamaphepha obanzi). Isetyenziswe ekwenzeni iimodeli ezikhethekileyo.
• I-enamel (i-alkyd, polyurethane, njl njl) -Imilinganiselo ye-opaque esetyenziselwa umphezulu (ngamanye amaxesha). Ii-odolo zomlomo kuyo nayiphi na i-paille ye-ral ye-ral ihlala isebenza ngentlawulo eyongezelelweyo.
• I-Polyester Coayings ("i-varnish ephezulu" kunye "ne-enamel ephezulu" - iingoma ze-ntombiyitha ene-glipter glitter; Iindlela kakhulu kwaye hayi iiracks kwiimpembelelo zoomatshini.

Ukukhetha izitshixo kunye neziphatho

Itshiqo-iLatch ihlala iqhekezwa ngumenzi. Inokuba sentwasahlobo yesiqhelo okanye imagnetic. Izixhobo zentwasahlobo ngamanye amaxesha ziye zabakho ngqwabalala, ngaphezu koko, xa ilaphu livulekile, ulwimi luphumeleza izindlu zenqaba - kukho umngcipheko wokukrakra okanye ubambelele kwimpahla yokuhamba. I-leagnetic letchs isebenza phantse ithule kwaye ayifuni ukuthambisa kubomi benkonzo. Izixhobo zemagnethi zixabisa malunga ne-20-30% ibiza kakhulu kunento eqhelekileyo, ngelixa ikhuselekile kwaye i-aesthetics, kodwa ithile engaphantsi kwintembeko.

Kuzo zonke iinkcukacha, ipensi inxibe ngokukhawuleza. Ke ngoko, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhetha ngokukhethekileyo ukwenza abavelisi abaziwayo besebenzisa itekhnoloji yokunyanisa. Into leyo kufuneka isetyenziswe kakhulu (ngaphandle kweekona ezibukhali kunye nezinto ezihonjisiweyo). Ukusukela kule nto imbi yembono, i-nobs ejikelezileyo, kodwa ayinamsebenzi engaphantsi kuneziphatho ze-push.

Umlinganiso kunye nokuthenga

Indlela yokulinganisa ukuvulwa

Xa kungcono ukwenza iodolo

Ungawujonga njani umgangatho wemveliso kwivenkile

Inkqubo yokhetho kunye nokuthenga kuqala ngomilinganiselo. Ukusukela oku kuya kuxhomekeka, kuya kufuneka okanye akufuneki ukuhlawula ngakumbi imveliso ngokwayo kunye nokufakwa kwayo. Kulula kakhulu ukunciphisa ukuvulwa xa kufakelwa ngaphandle kokujongana nento yokuba ilaphu elifunyenwe kwibhokisi ayivukanga kwindawo echongiweyo. Kuyimfuneko ukuba uthathele ingqalelo xa ukhetha iingcango zangaphakathi zendlu.

Ukwenza njani imilinganiselo

Ukubala umngxunya wokuvula kwenziwa ngokwefom yefom: ubungakanani obuqikelelweyo wewebhu kunye ne-10 cm ububanzi kunye ne-5 cm ukuphakama. Akukho mfuneko yokuba wenze ibhokisi engalunganga yencwadi yelogboo: Beka iiphaneli ngaphandle kwawo. Kodwa ukuba ufuna ukubonelela ngomgangatho ophezulu kunye nokufakwa okuhle, kwaye ngaxeshanye ukuqhuba umsebenzi weenkosi, ngaphandle kwayo, akunyanzelekanga ukuba uthathele ingqalelo xa ulungiselela ukuvulwa. Kule meko, i-10 cm yobubanzi kunye ne-5 cm ukuphakama kongezwa kwixabiso elikhoyo elikhoyo.

Kuyimfuneko ukuba uthathele ingqalelo kungekuphela ububanzi kunye nokuphakama kokuphakama, kodwa nobungqinga beendonga. Yahlukile kumagumbi ahlukeneyo: Ukusuka kwi-5 cm kwigumbi lokuhlambela ukuya kwi-20 cm kwicandelo lamagumbi, kwaye kumatyala anqabileyo anokufikelela kwisiqingatha semitha kunye ne-70 cm (i-70 cm yezindlu). Ngobunzima obukhulu, umbuzo ngokuqinisekileyo uya kubuza ububanzi bebhokisi yecango okanye enye, uhlobo loyilo. Apha ungasebenzisa iBar elula, okanye ibhodi esebenza ngokukhawulezileyo (kuyinto ekwandisiweyo okanye ilungile), ehambelana ne-DURECRAF ngesitshixo (esiqhotyoshelwe kwikhithi).

Ngaphandle, umntu olungileyo makangafani kwibhokisi, okokuqala ngombala, njengoko umsebenzi wawo ukwakheka umnyango. Kodwa ihlala iqikelelwa ngokwahlukeneyo kwiseti efakiweyo. Yonke i-10 cm yobubanzi bengxaki yonyusa indleko iyonke yekhithi. Ukuze ugcine, kunokwenzeka ukuba wenze ithambeka endaweni yokuthenga okuhle. Ixabiso lesisombululo esinjalo liphantsi kunokugquma izinto ezongeziweyo. Xa isuswe kwizinto ezitsha, kungcono ukwenza ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo, i-700-710, i-900-910, i-900-910, i-900-910, i-900-910, eyodwa Iinkqubo zokuSebenza), 1330-1350, 1530 -1550 mm (kabini). Kuyimfuneko ukuba uthathele ingqalelo i-tie yomgangatho, isigqubuthelo somgangatho, iikhonkrithi zento.

Leliphi inqanaba lokulungisa ukwenza iodolo

Kuxhomekeka ekubeni ziziphi iingcango zangaphakathi othatha isigqibo sokunyula: ukuba ezi ziimveliso ze-serial, kungcono ungangxami ukuya kulo myalelo. Kodwa xa ubukhulu obungasebungangamganga okanye imodeli ekhethekileyo iyafuneka, umenzi uyanyangwa iinyanga ezi-3 (iinkampani zaseRussia) okanye kwiinyanga ezintandathu (zangowasemzini) kusetyenziso olucwangcisiweyo.

Ayinqweneleki ukuzisa iimveliso kwinto kude kube sekupheleni kwazo zonke iinkqubo "ezimanzi" - iqhubekile kwifilimu, zinokubandezeleka kumsesini ophezulu. Iibhloko mazibekwe emva kokugqitywa kokugqitywa okuphambili: imibala (amadlelo ngu-Wallpaper) Iindonga, iindonga, zibeka umgangatho. Kweli nqanaba, unokuthi uvale ibhokisi yebhokisi enodonga ngeplanethi, kuphela ukunamathisela i-plinth.

Xa ulungiso lwe-cosmetic, ukulandelelana kwezenzo akutshintshanga: phalela, iindonga, kumgangatho kufuneka zilungiswe. Kodwa unokususa izinto zakho ukuba zikhuphe kwinqanaba lokugqibela lomsebenzi wokugqiba, ke ukungayonakalise uyilo lwangaphandle, iphepha lodonga. Ukongeza, ngaphandle kokususa iplantibands, akunakwenzeka ukumisela ngokuchanekileyo imilinganiselo yezinto ezivulekileyo.

Ungawujonga njani umgangatho xa uthenga

Ngaphambi kokukhetha iingcango zangaphakathi, iingcali zicebisa ukukhangela umgangatho wabo kwivenkile. Yenza kuphela:

• Qiniseka ukuba ukungabikho kwamaza "amaza" kubuso. Ukulungiselela le njongo, amaqela ahlolwa kwi-oblique rays yokukhanya. Amashiti akufuneki atyelwe xa isandla sicinezelwe.
• Nika ingqalelo kumphetho: Ukujamelana namalungu kufuneka kube mncinci, ngaphandle kwezithuba. Ukukhutshelwa okuncinci kwe-veneer kubonakalisa ukwaphulwa kwetekhnoloji.
• Iimodeli ze-Speyinti zifumana i-fillet cetter (zihlala zenziwa ukusuka kwi-MDF). Ubuncinci bexabiso yi-14 mm. Ngaphandle koko, amandla kunye nokufakwa kwesandi kuya kuba sezantsi kakhulu.
• Qinisekisa ukuba akukho xinzelelo lwee-cerk ezincinci kunye "nengqolowa" kumhlobiso (wokuqala oqhelekileyo ofumaneka kwi-gloquers, yesibini kwimidlalo enamanzi).
• Iimodeli ezixhwalekileyo zinobunzima kunye nezinto ezibonakalayo ze-translucent. Ukuba indawo yabo ixhomekeke kwi-50% yobungakanani bomphezulu, iphepha kufuneka ibe nobungqingqwa obuyi-6 mm. Ukuba idlula i-50%, kungcono ukusebenzisa iglasi evuthayo.

Ukunyusa umsebenzi kwaye ujonge umgangatho wabo

Ukulungiselela ukufakela

Umyalelo

Ukujonga umgangatho wokuKhangela

Ufakelo kufuneka lulungiselelwe. Ngakumbi ukuba sithetha ngeemveliso zasekhaya, kwaye igumbi sele likho.

Ukulungiselela ukwenzela

Yakha iibhloko zabavelisi baseRussia zihlala zithatha i-chinery. Zihlala zenziwa zisebenzisa izixhobo zamandla, zihlala zixhotywe ngococina kunye nabaqokeleli bodwa. Ke ngoko, ifenitshala kufuneka yamkelwe, kwaye phantsi kwefilimu emdaka.

Ukufakwa kwalo naliphi na inkqubo ye-PRORT ibandakanya ukufaka ibhokisi, ukuqina kwe-lops, ukufakelwa kwiqhina lesiphatho (kunye nokugcinwa kwendawo edlulayo, oko kukuthi, imaski ngezithuba phakathi kodonga kunye nebhokisi ngoncedo lweeplani.

Kuyenzeka ukuba wenze ufakelo lweengcango zeengcango kuphela ekugqitywe ngokupheleleyo (i-paropapers, iithayile ezinamaphepha, ezisetyenzisiweyo) kunye nomgangatho.

Ubunzima ngamanye amaxesha bubangela ukufakelwa kwigumbi lokuhlambela. Apha kwizindlu eziqhelekileyo kukho umqobo. Ukuba imodeli efanayo ifakwe kwindlu yonke, kunokwenzeka ukuba unikezele kwinqanaba lomgangatho oncitshisiweyo kwigumbi lokuhlambela xa kuthelekiswa nendlu yonke. Oku kusombulula zonke iingxaki, kwaye into leyo ifana ngqo nokuphakama, njengaphi na. Ukuba umbundu unikwe, ungakhathalela iodolo ye-sash yobukhulu obuncitshisiweyo - mfutshane ukusuka ezantsi kuphakama umbundu.

Imiyalelo yokufaka

Zininzi iindlela zokufaka. Indlela ethile yokufakwa ihlala ikhethwa kanye kuloo ndawo, kwaye ayixhomekekanga nje kubuchule beenkosi. Iklasi yemveliso, izinto zayo, ukugqiba umgangatho, uyilo lwebhokisi, ubunzima, kunye neempawu zodonga olujikeleze i-loworun zibaluleke kakhulu.

Ukuqinisa idowel kunye nezikrelemnqa-lelona ndlela iqhelekileyo yokufaka ibhokisi yelogo. Ngaphambi kokuba uqhubeke nokusebenza, imiphetho yodonga iyafunda-akukho iwotshi, i-wiring, i-screws inokungxama. Uyilo oluqokelelweyo lufakwe emngxunyeni, isikhundla sihendwa, sikhuselwe. Abantu abafakelweyo babeka kwezo ndawo zebhokisi ezihamba phantsi kwemephu ye-lop (ukuba i-loop ephezulu).

Kwindawo ethe nkqo ethe nkqo ye-shoars, eqhutywa yinqanaba, emva koko bachukunyiswa yimitshato okanye baqine ngesikere. Kukwabalulekile ukuba, xa ulinganisa ii-diagonals zedlule, zombini amaxabiso ahambelana. Kwaye ukuze ujonge ukuba ngaba ukuphambuka kweza kutyeshelwa ngokuziphatha kwe-SASH kuya kukwazisa, igcinwe isampulu, ikhunjulwe kwangaphambili ilokhwe. Kulula ukubona ukuba ngaba i-chaclection ayigqithanga kuyinto eqhelekileyo nokuba ilaphu lirekhodiwe xa livulwa. Ngaphandle koko, impazamo inokwenziwa, ebizwa ngokuba "ngu-reel" xa i-sash iyaqhubeka nokuvula okanye ukuvala.

Yonke imingxunya apho imingxunya ebonakalayo ivaliwe ngeeplagi zokuhombisa. Kubalulekile ukuba iplagi isondele kakhulu kumphezulu wejam. Ngononophelo nangokuphumeza kuwo wonke umsebenzi, le ndlela yokufakwa kwizikrelem zamkelekile. Iityhubhu zinyuka esiphelweni, ngokweempawu ezakhayo. Ziyifakwe kusetyenziswa i-carnations yokugqibela kunye nokukhonkotha indawo yokuncamathisela yi-mastic, okanye imiselwe kwizikhonkwane ezingamanzi ezisetyenziswayo.

Ukujonga umgangatho wokuKhangela

Imigaqo ngokubanzi

Kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubukho bezithuba phakathi kwebhokisi kunye nebala (i-3-4 mm) kunye nesap esingezantsi, phakathi kwe-SMM kunye ne-10-16 mm I-cartongs, kuxhomekeke kubude bemfumba). Ngamanye amaxesha ukuphucula umoya wokutya kwendalo, ukunyuka kwe-GM. Ukujonga ukuba i-SAsh isebenza ngokulula, itshixiwe ithethwe ngokucocekileyo kwaye ingabanjiswanga i-creak.

I-rack nganye yebhokisi kufuneka iqhotyoshelwe nge-dowels zekhephu ubuncinci kumanqaku amathathu, kwaye xa isebenzisa iiplates ezifihliweyo ezifihliweyo, inani lezinto eziqhotyoshelweyo zinqweneleka ukuya kwi-rack nganye.

Ngeengcango ze-swing

• Vula i-SASH 45 °. Xa iyunithi ifakwe ngokuchanekileyo, iya kubanjwa kwesi sikhundla.
• Faka umsebenzi we-latch. Xa ivaliwe, isandi solo ulwimi kufuneka singaviwa.
• Qinisekisa ukuba ukuvalwa xa ukuvalwa kungafihli ibhokisi yemivalo. Ngokufanelekileyo, ububanzi be-3 ukuya kwi-mm buya kwenziwa ngeenxa zonke kumjikelezo we-SASH.

Yokukhaba

• Tsala ilaphu phantsi. Ukuba ihamba ngobunzima, kwaye isandi esikhutshiwe sivakala ukusuka ngezantsi, kuthetha ukuba uloliwe ophezulu ugwetyiwe.
• Lawula izithuba phakathi kodonga kunye newebhu. Ukuba ayilingani (umzekelo, ngezantsi inabanzi ngaphezu), izikhokelo zifakwe ngokungachanekanga.
• Fumanisa izihlandlo ezininzi kwisantya esahlukileyo kwaye uvale uyilo -Ufanele ungazivanga kwaye uxhuma, kunye nokuva isandi sesandi seforati kunye ne-whinglerled.