Isishwankathelo sentengiso yepeyinti yemisebenzi yangaphakathi. Iindidi zeepeyinti, iindlela zokupeyinta iindawo, abavelisi, amaxabiso.
Kungekudala, siqala ukucinga malunga nokuba kuya kuba kuhle ukuhlaziya umbono wendawo yakho yokuhlala, vuselela imeko yesiqhelo. Ungayitshintsha ifanitshala, izibane, amakhethini, unamathele amanye amanye amaphephadonga. Kodwa akukho nto iguquka kakhulu ngaphakathi njengepeyinti entsha. Susa ukubakho kokuhombisa kunqunyelwe kwi-fantasy yakho.
Xa ujonge iishelfu ezingapheliyo ezineetoti ezahlukeneyo ezinemibala, ixesha elide kwaye zididekile. Yeyiphi ipeyinti kungcono ukuthenga iindonga, kwaye luhlobo luni lophahla? Negumbi lokuhlambela nekhitshi? Thatha i-glossy okanye i-matte? Ekhaya okanye engeniswe ngaphakathi? Ngaba sithandwa okanye asibizi? Ukuba kuyimfuneko ukupeyinta abantwana, emva koko zeziphi izinto ezikhuselekileyo ezikhuselekileyo? Ngaba kufanelekile ukuba uthembele umthengisi? Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, kuyingenelo yokuthengisa ngezinto ezixabisa kakhulu, kunye nemali encinci kuya kuba nakho ukuthatha ipeyinti enye, akukho mabi ... masizame ukufumana iimpendulo kunye.
Iyodwa, ukwakhiwa kwepeyinti yepeyinti yangoku, ethi, emva kwesicelo esifanayo, senza i-Polymer eyomeleleyo (ifilimu), enobunzima obuthile obuchaziweyo. Kwaye ayisiyongxaki kuphela. Akukho msebenzi ubalulekileyo obalulekileyo wezinto zepeyinti-ukhuseleko lwezinto ezonakalisayo, umzekelo, umthi, ukumisa i-birrosion, i-bienta-kwi-corrosion, ukusuka kwi-corrosion, ukusuka kwikhonkrithi. Okokugqibela, iCoties enziwe ngepeyinti isenokwenza imisebenzi ekhethekileyo (Masenze, qinisekisa ukhuseleko lomlilo, ukunyangwa okunganyangekiyo, ukuthintela i-IDR ye-humity.). Ukudityaniswa kweepropathi ezithile zepeyinti zimiselwa ngokuqulunqwa kwayo.
Zonke izinto zepeyinti zanamhlanje ezisetyenzisiweyo ngaphakathi zinokwahlulwa zibe ngamaqela amabini amakhulu: iipeyinti ze-oli-alkyd ezinee-enamels kunye neepeyinti zokusasazwa kwamanzi. I-enamel (i-paints ezichanekileyo) zenziwa ngesiseko sevarnish. Zisetyenziswa ngumaleko wokugqibela, wokugqibela, kwi-multilayer Coades, esenza ifilimu ye-opaque enezinto ezahlukeneyo. Kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwe-binder, i-enamels yi-alkyd, ioyile, i-epoxy it.d. Phantsi kwegama elithi "upende" ngokwesiko, izinto ezisele zithengisiwe. Eli gama, njengommiselo, ukonwaba ukuba bathetha ngeoyile okanye iipeyinti zokusasazwa kwamanzi.
Izixhobo zeoyile kunye ne-alkyd
Eyona nto iphambili kwiipeyinti zeoyile iphantsi kwexabiso eliphantsi: ilitha lemveliso yaseRussia, njenge-Ma-15m, ixabisa i-0.8-12. I-dielentnts isebenzela umoya omhlophe, i-turpentine, i-selvent naphta okanye ipetroli. Iipeyinti zeoyile ziphantsi kwe-alkyd i-inamels kubunzima befilimu, ukubonakala kwayo kunye nokucoceka kwayo kunye nombala. I-sytom, bajija ixesha elide, ukuya kwiintsuku ezininzi. Kula maCots ye-Binder kwezi ntlungu zisetyenziswa ngokongezwa kwe-hardensirs. Uluhlu lokusetyenziswa kweepeyinti zeoyile ngexesha lokugqiba kwe-Indoosts zinemigangatho eqinileyo, kuba xa yomile, zibonisa izinto eziyingozi. Kodwa eyona nto igwenxa kakhulu kukuba ukugubungela kutyheli kwiminyaka embalwa, ukuphulukana nombala wokuqala. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zixhobo azizukuthatha zonke izikhundla, ukuqhubeka nokuhlala zezona zikhethe zokuguqulelwa kunye nexabiso eliphantsi lokuhonjiswa kweefestile, iingcango, kunye nemibhobho yentsimbi kunye ne-radiators.I-Alkid i-enamels ayibizi kakhulu, ibe nobuchule obuguqukayo bamanzi, ukubhalwa kwemali ekuhlaleni kucocekile ngokulula ngayo yonke into ethethwayo. Ngenxa yamanzi ayo aphantsi kunye nomphunga we-vapor, i-enamels esekwe kwezinye iindawo zokubopha i-alkyd isetyenziselwa i-Dye Wood Splen Window, iingcango kunye nomgangatho.
Ngokungafaniyo neoyile, iipeyinti ze-alkyd zinemibala yengca yengca kunye nemithunzi. Ezi zixhobo zenza ingqiqo ukuyisebenzisa ukuba iyimfuneko ukufumana i-mught kunye ne-bourinecy. I-inamels ye-Alkid iqulethe umoya onyibilikiweyo (ngendlela, ekuphela kwembewu ye-organic, ukusetyenziswa koko kubomi bemihla ngemihla ngenxa yetyhefu yayo yonke ivunyelwe kuwo onke amazwe ehlabathi). Ukuxhathisa kwimiphumo yeziqwengana zekhaya kwizinto ezisisiseko kwi-Alkyd Rewards ziphezulu kunezipenji zeoyile, kwaye zininzi kakhulu kuneso sasasazi esekwe emanzini.
I-Alkid enamel inokuvumelana okanye i-matte. I-Kslov, ngokwenqanaba legloss (okanye i-glosss) iipeyinti ezingeniswayo zahlulwe zaba ngamaqela aliqela, nganye inolusu lwedijithali: ), Semi-waza (11-29), Matte (6-10) kwaye, ekugqibeleni, ngokugqibeleleyo uMatte (0-5). Abavelisi abachaza inqanaba le-gloss kwileyibhile, ecaleni kwegama lezinto. Umzekelo, i-nobezo nobel (ikomkhulu eDenmark) kumgca we-Alkyd eNamel Crown ine "Alkid enamel 30" (i-Alkid enamel 80 kwilitha enye). Ngokutsho kokuhlelwa kwequmrhu, imibala yokuqala inesiqingatha-esinye, isibini.
Izixhobo ze-alkyd zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukupeyinta iziphongo ezifuna ukuhlamba rhoqo (umzekelo, ekhitshini). Ifumanekayo kunye ne-Shore-njenge "MAPONIT" (5.4 ye-1L) ukusuka kwi-Tikkurila (i-1L), i-i-filit), i-widrop 3 (iSweden), kodwa ihle kakhulu Iindawo eziphezulu (iingcango, i-quides zefanitshala yasekhitshini), kuba azikholelwa ukuba zinxile xa zisetyenziswa kwifomati emdaka. Njengommiselo, umaleko wokuqala uqalisa ukomisa iiyure eziyi-1.5-3 (uyeka ukuthwala uthuli), kwaye ngaphambi kokufaka i-famier elandelayo, kufuneka kubekho iiyure ezili-16 ubuncinci. Izixhobo zolu hlobo zisetyenziselwa iDye ijijeke kwaye i-spickeble ephezulu, i-chipboard kunye ne-fiberkboard, igubu evaliweyo ye-IDR. Banconywa kwaye kwiimeko apho kufuneka bahlaziye iziseko ezonakaliswe ngamabala kumsi wecuba okanye ukubumba, ukuvuza kwamanzi okanye ukuvuza kwamanzi okanye ukuvuza kwamanzi okanye ukuvuza kwamanzi.
I-glossy paints ixhaphake kakhulu kwi-abrasion kwaye ayingcoliswa ngokukhawuleza njenge-Matte, kwaye ukuba kukho imfuneko, ikhutshelwa ngokulula. Ubungakanani, ubukhulu becala kukungabikho kwemali egcobileyo, inokuthathwa njengento yokuba ukuqaqamba okuqinileyo kumphezulu ngamanye amaxesha kudala i-ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft thare, amehlo adinisayo. Ukongeza, i-cheating-cheating egudileyo igxininisa isiphene esincinci somphezulu, ngelixa ifilimu ye-Matte ivakile. Ke ngoko, ngaphambi kokuba baye esitolo, bayayixabisa iJomemetri yeendonga kunye nophahla. Mhlawumbi kuya kufuneka ukhethe ipeyinti ye-Matte ukuba akukho nto inokwenzeka okanye ixesha lokulungelelanisa isiseko. Namhlanje, xa ugqiba kwezakhiwo zokuhlala, abaqulunqi besebenzisa ukusebenzisa iipeyinti zeMatte kunye nee-enamels, zishiya i-glosy yezinto ezithile zengaphakathi (iingcango ze-idr).
Ukusebenza nge-enamels, kufuneka ukhumbule: Ukuba banongqingiso lwamanzi, ke xa besebenza kumphezulu, imigqomo ihleli, kwaye ukuba i-vicous ilandela ibrashi okanye i-roller. Ke ngoko, i-enamels emnyama ithethwe ngenyikima. Iziphumo zinokutshintsha ithowuni yepeyinti kancinci. Ukuthintela oku, kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise izinto ezibini zeengqekembe: ipeyinti yokuqala ethengisiweyo, eqhelekileyo.
Iipeyinti ezisekwe emanzini
Uninzi rhoqo, ukusasazeka kwamanzi asetyenziselwa ukugqiba kwesakhiwo. Iifom zentsebenzo zanamhlanje zemveliso yazo zezi zilandelayo ukuba zivumela ukufumana izixhobo ezinobuhlobo bendalo engakhuphi nayiphi na into enetyhefu (ngokuchasene nepeyinti yemveli).
Ukwakhiwa kwemibala
Ngaphandle kwezinto ezahlukeneyo zepeyinti, zonke zinesikimu esiqhelekileyo. Elona candelo liphambili kukubopha. Ngokwenyani, i-binder ikwayinto, emva komomo, yenza ifilimu. Ngokwemvelaphi yayo, izinto zokwenza ifilimu zahlulwe ukuba zendalo kwaye zenziwe. Kule bokuqala inxulumene ne-oils yemifuno ephathwe ngokukodwa, i-resin imvelaphi yendalo (i-amber, iphosa izinto zeprotein, ezinje nge-protein. Iqela le-bindheelic lezokwenziwa libanzi kakhulu, kwaye apha i-archedd, i-alkyd, i-Alkyd, i-Alkydd-Urethane, i-Perchlovinyl, Acrylates.
Ipeyinti ayiyi kuba yipeyinti ukuba akukho phegements ekwemo kwawo. Yeyona nto iqinileyo yezimbiwa kunye nezinto eziphilayo zezinto eziphilayo zinika umbala obandayo kunye ne-opacity. Sukwenza ipeyinti kwaye ngaphandle kweefilimu. Kananjalo, iifilitha azinazo iipropathi ezikhuselekileyo nezokuhlola, kodwa ziyakwazi ukuphucula ukukhula kweepeyinti kunye nokuyinxenye kwe-pigment eyixabiso. Njengoko iifilitha, izinto eziqinileyo ziqinile zihlala zisetyenziswa okanye zibuthathaka. Ezi zinokuba ngamaqabane omtshato okanye i-chalk. Iipeyinti zokusasazwa kwamanzi, abavelisi abaninzi basebenzisa iifilimu ezisekwe kwi-Kaolin, e-Omiakarba, i-silica, ye-talc kunye mica.
Izicelo ezizodwa ziyaziswa kwi-paintits kunye nezinto ezivarnish, umsebenzi wayo kukulawula iipropathi ezikhoyo zepeyinti kwaye ubanike ipropathi ekhethekileyo. Izinto ezingenakuphikiswa nakuphi na iipeyinti zizinto ezahlukeneyo ze-hardeners, iiplastiki kunye nezinyibilikisi. Ukuba kukho imfuneko, ukuqulunqwa kubandakanya i-antiseptitics (i-purvatives ekhusela imixholo kwi-microorganis, i-fufried kunye ne-fullsi), i-antiwing kunye ne-antids kwi-furtsing), i-anti-evumela ukuba ihambe kakuhle izongezelelo.
I-Alkid i-inamels yenziwa kwisiseko se-Alkyd Askyd Alkyd (Glyphthal, iPentaphthalic, njl.njl), iguqulwe ngamafutha angenasifo kwi-oyile yemifuno, i-tung, id lotton ye-idis.
Eyona nto iphambili yokusasazeka kweepeyinti zamanzi anyibilikisi sisisombululo se-polymeric. Xa womisa, ipeyinti ayizukuzomisa ngenxa yokuphuma kwamanzi, kwaye ipolymermerment, ngokungacacanga, njengoko yayinjalo, "inza" ifilimu "yokukhusela ifilimu. Icandelo lesibini elibalulekileyo lepeyinti yokusasazeka kwamanzi - ii-pigments-zongezwa (uninzi lwe-tetanium diokside). "Baphendula" ngomgangatho wombala kunye ne-opacity. Ngendlela, ngaphandle kwegama elothusayo, i-titanium dioxide yinto engenabungozi ngokupheleleyo evumelekileyo ukuba isetyenziswe kumhombiso wezinto ezininzi zokuhlala kumazwe aseYurophu, kubandakanya iRussia.
Bobabini abavelisi ngokwabo, kwaye abathengisi babiza ukusasaza iindlela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo - ukusasazwa kwamanzi, i-emulsion ye-emulsion, i-telsion. Kodwa enyanisweni, sithetha ngento enye. Ngalowo umahluko okuphela kwayo nayiphi na i-emulsion yeyona masunt incinci isasazwa kolunye ulwelo (umzekelo omncinci wobisi oluqhelekileyo). Ukusasazeka, i-Latex kukumiswa kwamasuntswana aqinileyo (kwimeko yethu, iifilitha kunye nezithintelo) kwisisombululo se-polymer. Ichanekile ngakumbi ukubiza iipeyinti ezifanayo ngokusasazwa kwamanzi.
I-Binders ye-Acrylic inika amandla okwenzakala kunye nokuqina (ukungqengqa kungabonakali kwaye akupheliswanga), kunye nokukhula kakuhle kunye nokufihlakala. I-Acrylion ye-Acrylic i-Acrylic ye-Universel indalo iphela, inokuthi ipeyinti kwaye iphantse nayiphi na imiphezulu, kubandakanya nokwenziwe ngomthi kunye nentsimbi. Iipeyinti ze-ACRECLI zenziwe nge-acrylin relllymers. Kukho ukoyikwa kwaye kusekwe kwi-acrylaterlates okanye ukusasazeka kwe-styrelate. Kubandakanya iipeyinti ze-wijzoplex evela kwi-Wijzonol (Holland ingaphakathi kombala we-baltic (i-estonia), eyenza ifilimu enesisu esongeziweyo emva kokongezwa ngokunemifanekiso.
Xa kuthelekiswa neoyile kunye ne-alkyd, iipeyinti zokusasazwa kwamanzi zinezinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo. Masiqale ngento yokuba bonke bakhuselekile ngokuyi-ows, kuba bengayikhupheli izinto eziyingozi (kuqala kuzo zonke izinyibilikisi) okanye ekusebenzeni kwengubo. Ezi ntlungu zicocekile zicocekile - zenza ifilimu "yokuphefumla" ifilimu ye-polymer efihlakeleyo kumafutho, kodwa ifezekanga yolwelo. IPRY PRRY YOKUGQIBELA ivumela nawuphi na umphezulu, yiba ludonga okanye luzilili, "uphefumla". Umswakama oshiyekileyo uhlala ukhona, kwaye ukuba umsebenzi wepeyinti ungayidluli umoya, isoyikiso sokukhawuleza komfanekiso wefilimu mkhulu. Le ngxaki iyanyamalala ukuba ipeyinti ibizwa ngokuba yi-vapoer ye-Unilatel vapor, evumela ukufuma kwangaphakathi kwifilimu ngaphandle kokuqokelelwa nangaphandle komlinganiso (umlingani). Ngoku ixesha lokufuma ukusuka ngaphandle alingeneli kumphezulu opeyintiweyo. Elinye ipropathi ebaluleke kakhulu yePUPY YAMANZI AMANQAKU AQHUTYWA NOKUKHUSELEKILEYO (Zombini ngexesha lokugcina iibhanki kunye neebhakethi zeplastiki kunye nefom esele isetyenzisiwe kumphezulu wokugqitywa komgangatho).
Ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga umsebenzi wokuhombisa, iipende ezisekwe emanzini zingaphuhli. Ukukhetha imibala yemibala kunokuthathwa njengento engenamda. Ngayiphi na imeko, kwizixhobo ze-alkyd kunye neoyile, izikim ezibonakalayo azizityebi kakhulu. Okokugqibela, ngepeyinti esekwe kwisisombululo se-prolymers, kulula, ngokulula kwaye sinomdla ngakumbi ukusebenza: kuyasetyenziswa ngokulula, kusetyenziswa ngokulula (ngokomndilili owomileyo (ngokomgangatho onobushushu begumbi kunye Ukufuma okuqhelekileyo), kwaye izixhobo zokusebenza zihlanjwa ngokukhawuleza amanzi.
Izixhobo zokusasazwa kwamanzi zenziwa ikakhulu kwisiseko seentlobo ezintathu zokusasazeka: NgePolyvinyl Acetate (PVA), i-ACRYCLE), ekugqibeleni, i-Binders-styrene-styrene. Uhlobo lokugqibela lwepeyinti yeqela le-teatx ebizwa ngokuba yi-Latex kwaye kulungile, umzekelo, xa kupeyinta ipeyinti kunye nokugcwala, kunye nemibala yesamente.
Ukusasazeka ngokusekwe kwi-PVA inozinzo olulinganiselweyo ekuhlanjululweni. Akuzange kube kudala, eyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yokugqiba ukuqhutywa kwamagumbi emisebenzi ye-lime yayidlala ngesiseko se-chalk, uqhawule umtshato emanzini. Ukuze i-chark ayijonganga bubhekiswa, i-PVA GEE iya kongezwa eBlotch, kwaye ityhefu yeqashiso elityumkileyo laziswa ngobumhlophe. I-analogue yanamhlanje yezo moya zinokuthathwa njengeePints ezisekwe emanzini ngokusekwe kwi-PVA, ngamanye amaxesha zibizwa ngokubambelele. Zisetyenziselwa ukuhlobisa iindonga kunye nophahla, zigutyungelwe ziiphaneli zeplanga (i-DVP, i-chipboard) okanye i-plasterboard) okanye i-plasterboard, kunye nekhonkrithi. Njengokungaguquguquki, ipeyinti ifana ne-cream emuncu, kwaye emva kokufaka isicelo se-gomogeneous matte. Njengamanye izixhobo zokusasazeka kwamanzi, iipeyinti zeli qela lomlilo kunye nokuqhushumba kwaye azikho (kwaye ke, azikholwanga ngexesha lokukoma) kwezinto eziyingozi. Eyona ndawo iphambili yokusetyenziswa kwe-Polyvinina yepeyinti yokupeyinta. Kodwa ekubeni ukusasazeka ngokusekwe kwi-Pva yinto enganyangekiyo ye-nezo, ilungele kuphela amagumbi owomileyo (kwigumbi lokuhlambela kunye nekhitshi kungcono ukusebenzisa iingoma ze-acrylic). Ipeyinti isetyenziswa, njengommiselo, kwizingqekembe ezimbini, kwaye okokuqala ivumelekile ukuba ifake isicelo njenge primer kuthetha ukuba i-primer kuthetha ngamanzi, kodwa akukho ngaphezulu kwe-10% yobunzima bepeyinti). Ixesha lokukomala kwingqimba ngalinye lincinci-malunga neyure enye.
Namhlanje kwiivenkile Unokufumana izixhobo kwixabiso elinikiweyo, umzekelo, i-Dulux vinyl i-sheen ethambileyo (i-10l) ukusuka e-UK, i-10l) ukusuka e-UK, i-10l ye-villat vd-va-va-va-isuka "kwi-18 nge-1 Ilitha), "White kwiCeling" ukusuka kwi "Lac Recor" okanye ipeyinti ye-tikkolor 2, i-tikkolor "ye-tikkurila (i-16 ilitha enye, zenziwa kwingingqi ye-MOSCOW).
Ngeendonga zokupeyinta kunye nophala ofuna ukuhlamba rhoqo (umzekelo, ekhitshini, kwi-pirwell, kwizitepsi), iipeyinti zepeyinti emanzini esekwe kwi-acrylic vibers. Njengommiselo, ixesha elomileyo lezixhobo ezinjalo kwiqondo lobushushu 20-25 ° C kunye ne-50% iphantse ibe yimizuzu engama-30, kwaye umaleko olandelayo unokusetyenziswa emva kweeyure ezi-2. Iipeyinti ze-ACRELIC ziveliswa phantse bonke abavelisi abaphambili: I-Semin, i-thefall (i-Cashken (i-theden), i-tikkile (i-tikyon (i-Akzo i-Akzor, njl.
Umzekelo, ipeyinti yepeyinti enesiqingatha esekwe kumanzi asekwe kwi-Beckerplast 20 (7.3 yeelitha ezi-1) ecekeceke ilungiselelwe iindonga kunye nophahla oluninzi lwamanzi, kwaye oluya kuchaphazela ngakumbi ukuhlamba, kugqitywe ukuya kuma-2000 imijikelezo yayo. Le peyinti inokusetyenziswa zombini kwikhonkrithi, i-Plaster, indawo egqunyiweyo, kunye ne-ges, i-chipboard, eyomileyo kunye neglasi. Isithsaba "Ingaphakathi lesi-5" (2.4 nge-1 l), ingqokelela ye-ITERRO "(2 ye-1 (i-1), i-parade ye-1 (i-1), i-parade ye-1 (1.7 I-1 ilitha), iparade w4 (1.7 ngelitha enye).
Ukukhetha iipeyinti ...
Okokuqala, kufuneka uqonde ukuba awufuni ukuba akukho mpawu inye, ixabiso olithandayo, kwaye yonke inkqubo, yithi, umhlaba, ugqibe i-poty kunye nepeyinti. Thenga yonke le nto ibhetele kwindawo enye kwaye uvela kumenzi, kungenjalo ithuba lihle ukufumana izixhobo ezingahambelani, kwaye ke ilahle ixesha kunye nemali kutshintsho.
Qiniseka ukuba ujonga, nokuba linani lesatifikethi esicocekileyo, inani lelo okanye lelost, liboniswa kwileyibhile yepeyinti yasekhaya, okuthile mpahla yenziwe. Ukuba awukayifumani ukupakisha okunjalo kokumakisha (okanye ubone isicatshulwa se-Russian), cela umthengisi ukuba akuthathe ikopi yesatifikethi. Kungenzeka ukuba kukho izithintelo ekusetyenzisweni okungadweliswanga kwileyibhile.
Nxibelelana neengcali zekontraktha eyenziwayo kwilungisa lakho lasekhaya, malunga nomsebenzi ongenzi mgangatho ongenamgangatho (ususa umtya wepeyinti, ukusetyenziswa kwezinto zepeyinti, ukusetyenziswa kwe-stucco plaster). Kukwayimfuneko ukwazi uhlobo lwesiseko se-stailing (umaleko we-putty okanye iplaster, i-plasterboard, iiphaneli zeglasi). Kutheni kubalulekile? Akunjalo kuwo onke amatyala afanelekile kwipeyinti yehlabathi. Nokuba ezona zixhobo zisuswayo kwi-jikelele kwityala ngalinye ziya kuphulukana neziganeko ezilungileyo, kwaye kwiipropathi ezingeyomfuneko ohlawula ixabiso eliphakamileyo kakhulu.
Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, amaphepha emibala asebenza kakuhle kwimibala yabo kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuhombisa. Kodwa namhlanje i-pailtte yepeyinti efikelelekayo ibandakanya amawaka eentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezithunzi. Kukho ithuba lokwenza umbambi wokutsala obekiweyo. Kwaye akukho mthungo xa ubeka ezindongeni. Iipeyinti ezisekwe emanzini zisetyenziselwa kakhulu ukuba iifestile ezikhawulezayo nezikhazimelayo. Umzekelo womzekelo unokukhankanywa yi-Mat Universion Matlatex kwi-Canorol (2.2 kwi-1l), yenzelwe ngokukodwa ukuba ifumane i-abrashion yengubo yangaphakathi kwindawo yokunxiba ichukumisa. Esi sixhobo silungele ukufaka isicelo se-fiber-fiber, umpu, sidinwe, kunye neglasi. I-Matlatex inokusetyenziswa ngaphezulu kwengubo yakudala enemibala.
"Iipeyinti ze-eco
Awu, i-ecology yezixeko zethu ikude neli meko ifanelekileyo. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, akunakwenzeka ukuba umntu othile ahlanganisene nento yokuba kwinyani yokuba kwindawo awayeyindawo yakhe kuya kubakho into echaphazela kakubi impilo yamalungu osapho, ngakumbi abantwana. Ukukhuseleka kwendalo kwezinto zepeyinti ezisetyenzisiweyo ngaphakathi kwiminyaka yakutshanje kuya kusiba makhulu. I-HDD, bayakwazi ukwahlula izibini zezinto eziphilayo okanye ezinye izinto eziyingozi. Ukongeza, i-PVA PERTESS i-PATESS kunye nezixhobo zinokuba nonxibelelwano oluyingozi.Ukuba uhlonitshwe ngokukodwa malunga nokucoceka kwendalo esingqongileyo kunye nokuzama ukukhetha izixhobo zokugqiba kwendalo njengoko kunokwenzeka, jonga iqela leepeyinti zokusasazwa kwamanzi. Kumazwe amaninzi aseYurophu kukho inani lezenzo zomthetho ezinciphisa umda wokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezisekwe kwizisombululo ze-organic (ipetroli, i-acetone, njl.) Kwimisebenzi yangaphakathi. Ngakumbi izithintelo ezinzima ezinzima zisebenza eSweden, eFinland, Norway, Denmark. Ke ngoko, uninzi lwabavelisi abanobuchule ngokuthe ngcembe bazikhuphele ngaphandle kwezinto eziyingozi (nokuba abakafuneki bafundiswe ngokwaneleyo yimveliso yeemveliso zabo. Ngayiphi na imeko, ukubamba ipeyinti ngesandla somsebenzi wangaphakathi, owenziwe kwiNtshona Yurophu okanye eUnited States, unokuphikisana ngokukhuselekileyo ukuba ayinayo i-Mercury, izinto eziPhakathi, ichaphazela kakubi- ukuba kunye nempilo yabantu.
Iimveliso zepeyinti ezinobuhlobo zibiza kakhulu kunesiqhelo. Kodwa akukho nto inokwenziwa, enjalo yindlela yehlabathi yehlabathi. Phakathi kwezixhobo "ezicocekileyo" ezicocekileyo zinokuqatshelwa "(6.1 kwi-1 ye-1 yelitha) kunye" nokulungisa-uYabeli "(C7.1 kwi-Tikkurila, i-ACrylic Maweriss j 3l) ukusuka e-Gai , Matte, kunye ne-Acrylic-Hind Pepet dufa Ecofiss rd 5 (4.5 ngelitha ye-1) kwi-fuildt yezinto ezifunekileyo ze-hyger (kubandakanya amaziko e-vivacolor ingaphakathi (1.5 nge-1l) ukusuka kumbala we-baltic ngokusekwe kwi-strolatele, esebenzayo ukugubungela nayiphi na indawo (kubandakanya i-metallic phantsi kwemeko ye-Pri-Primenting) kumagumbi omileyo kunye nokungasebenziyo kunye nokunganyangeki kungekuphela ekhitshini, ngaphakathi I-Corridor, iholo, igumbi lokuhlambela, kodwa nakwiindlwana kunye negumbi lokulala.
I-Pibits- "iingcali"
Ukunganyangeki
Ngomsebenzi wokupeyinta imibhobho yamanzi ashushu kunye ne-radiators, enzelwe ngokukodwa ukuba le ntlungu iya kuba ngcono. Ngenxa yesongezelelo esikhethekileyo, ifilimu eyenziwe ngemibala enjalo ifumana ipropathi yokuxhathisa iziphumo zobushushu. Kwintengiso onokuhlangana njengeepeyinti zemveli, umzekelo, i-Alkyd Eamel radiator ukusuka kwiVivacolor, i-Alpalak eNizkorlack (i-1,8 nge-1 ye-1l) ukusuka kwi-MARI kunye ne-AXRYL ACryl- I-Heizkorlack ngexabiso le-4 le-1l ukusuka kwi-miri).
Kwimigangatho
Namhlanje, imakethi yethu ibeka uluhlu olubanzi lweepeyinti zehlabathi lonke kuzo zonke iintlobo zodidi (umqadi wamaplanga, ikhonkrithi, ii-fibles ezomileyo, i-PVC ye-fiber, i-PVC ye-fiber, i-PVC ye-fiber, i-PVC ye-fiber). U-Akzo Nobel, Bekers, Tikkurila, Casol, i-hifgrert, Jai, i-mii, i-mii, i-Adsoral Adse.
Kwimigangatho emilinganiselo eqhelekileyo yokulayishayo, iipeyinti ze-acrysion zamanzi anokusetyenziswa, umzekelo i-1 Golvakrytry (12.2 kwilitha enye) ukusuka kwi-Ecer, i-1 ye-1 ye-1 ye-1 ye-USA) kwaye Enye i-alkadhane, efana ne-glossy crown "iperal paed" kunye ne-Sadolitin Demild (13 kwi-1l) evela ku-Akzo uNobel Paints. Zisetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukupeyinta iipeyinti (ngaphakathi), inyithi (ngaphakathi nangaphandle), ngaphandle), kunye nekhonkrithi kunye nomhlaba ovuthiweyo ngomthwalo owandayo-kwiindlela, kwizitepsi, kwizitepsi. I-Pot-Universent ipeyinti esekwe kwi-epoxy resin (i-solvent-i-acevent-acepone okanye umoya omhlophe). Zisetyenziswa kunye nomsebenzi wangaphakathi nangaphandle ngombala wekhonkrithi, izitena, ezigutyungelwe sisifo sesamente kwaye ihonjiswe ngeepleyiti ze-mineral kwaye zikwindawo yokuhlala, kumagumbi okugcina. Imizekelo yeemveliso ezinjalo inokusebenza i-Alkudhane Pepet Vivafloor (7 ye-1 ye-1l) evela kumbala we-baltic, izixhobo ze-EPOXY kwi-piets (eCanada). Zonke ziyilelwe ngokukodwa kumgangatho wekhonkrithi, ngokuxhomekeka kwimithwalo ephezulu yokungakhathali, kunye nokuxhathisa kwiikhemikhali.
Kwindlu yomgangatho wamaplanga, ukungqengqeleka kuya kuba ngobomi ngakumbi kwaye kusemgangathweni, ukuba uyakumisa ukhetho lwakho hayi kwiipeyinti zendawo zonke, kodwa sebenzisa kakuhle iingoma ezikhethekileyo. Masitsho ukuba le mizobo efana nepeyinti ye-Synthitic esuka kumasebe (i-turkey) esekwe kwi-alkyd eguquliweyo enemitha ye-radiation ye-ultraviolet; I-alkyd-urethane paints kwingqokelela yaseDollinin; I-Alkyd eNamels dusbodenlackFAarbe (imibala yamatye kunye ne-red-brown) evela kwi-EMFTT.
Kwizakhiwo ezimanzi
Kumagumbi anomswakama ophezulu, iindawo ezipeyintiweyo kufuneka zikwazi ukuzimela iziphumo zamanzi kunye neemveliso zokucoca amakhaya, izisombululo zesepha. Ngokwesiqhelo, ukwakhiwa kwenxalenye yepeyinti kukhethwe ngendlela yokuba ukurenta okugqityiweyo kuthintele imbonakalo yokubumba kwaye yayilungele ukuhlanjwa kunye nokucoca.
Rhoqo ngezo njongo, iipeyinti zamanzi ze-Acrylic -indions zokusasazeka zisetyenziswa, ziveliswa linani elikhulu labavelisi baseRussia nabangaphandle. Ngokukhethekileyo uyonwabile ukuba kwakutshanje, izinto ezinganyangekiyo zisusela kwimarike, ezibiza ixabiso eliphantsi kune-ealasi yaseYurophu, kodwa azibanikemi umgangatho. Umzekelo, oku, iipeyinti ezisekwe ngama-Acrylic emanzini ngexabiso le-0.5-1.8 ngeelitha ezi-1 kwiFirms "VGT", "Idr. I-Pelette", "Idr. Ungakwazi ukuMakisha iProsililux Pl-10L i-1l i-1 yelitha) ukusuka kwi-Polyluux, iparade ye-1
Kwivenkile Unokufumana iipeyinti ezenza ukuba ukuthuthuzelwa, ukungacoceki kungekuphela kwikhaya lesiqhelo, kodwa kukhuselo olomeleleyo, kubandakanya nentsholongwane. Oko, umzekelo, kwenziwe nguTikkurila ikakhulu kumagumbi aluhlaza, uSemiam kunye ne-Ingo "Luya" (i-GOIRME "(i-500 imibala eyahlukileyo esuka kwiCanorol, Gari, Akzo I-Nobel idre.
Eyona nto iphambili, ukuqala ukusebenza, khumbula ukuba enye ipeyinti enganyangekiyo ayizukubonelela ngokhuseleko olufanelekileyo kubushushu. Kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa wonke ubunzima bezinto, ezihlala zibandakanya i-vapor yokufakelwa, i-itoriure-i-poty enganyangekiyo kwaye, ekugqibeleni, ipeyinti enesifo sokubumba. Ukuba inxenye yodonga kwigumbi lokuhlambela uya kuphikiswa ngethayile, kunye nepeyinti yenxalenye, eyona ndawo iphantsi iya kuba ngumthubi phakathi kweethayile kunye nomgca wokuposa wethayile kunye nombala onamabala. Kwimeko yokuqala, isikhuseli esinganyangekiyo siyanceda, ngowesibini, nayiphi na i-silicone mastic kumagumbi emanzi.
Amagama aphambili:
Phambi kwakho udonga lwezimbiwa ezifuna ukupeyinta. Ukuba indlu intsha, njengabasebenzi, njengommiselo, akwenzeki: wonke umsebenzi wenziwa kwi-odolo yesintu, kubandakanya imisebenzi yemfundo kunye nokulinganisa. Yeyona nto ukuba ulisiseko, ipeyintiwe, yithi, ngexesha lokulungiswa kwangaphambili. Kubalulekile ukuba uthathele ingqalelo ukungangqinelani kweepeyinti kunye neevarnish. Kungcono ukusebenzisa ipeyinti yohlobo olufanayo. Kodwa ukuba awazi ngqo ukuba yintoni le yayiyinto, ihlanjululwe ukuba ichithe iimvavanyo ezininzi, eyona ilula ukuba ilahlekelwe ngumphezulu wepeyinti. Ipeyinti yokusasazwa kwamanzi iya kuhlala iye kwi-abrasive, kwaye ioyile okanye i-alkyd yenzeka.Ngokubanzi, kungcono ukumisela inqanaba lamandla omatshini olungiselelwe umphezulu womphezulu. Chitha eludongeni nge-spatula. Ukuba i-caideng ihleli phantsi okanye ipeyinti yepeyinti, le fayili, lo mlinganiso kufuneka ucoce ngokupheleleyo, kwaye emva koko uqhubekele kwimihlaba ekhethekileyo ye-acrylic yokuphosa umphezulu kwaye uyilola. Impazamo eqhelekileyo yabaninzi abaphumeleleyo kakhulu endaweni ye-acrylic ioel. Oku akunakwenziwa nangayiphi na indlela: Ipeyinti yokusasazeka kwamanzi emva koko "ayiwe" kwi-Olifa ye-olifa, ekwakhona kwi-Olifa elincinci kakhulu kunepeyinti yokusasazeka kwamanzi. Iimpazamo ezilahlekileyo ziyabiza: Kuya kufuneka ugqithise kungekuphela nje kwipeyinti, kodwa nangokwenza umsebenzi owongezelelweyo ukuze ususe umthambo osemgangathweni kunye nokusebenzisa entsha.
Ukuntywila kwamanzi-ukusasazeka, abavelisi babonelela ngemixokelelwane ye-primer efanelekileyo esekwe kumatshini kunye ne-acrylic binds, kwi-alkyd e-Inamel ye-Alkyd. Ingxaki enkulu yenzeka ukuba iindonga zeendonga zigqunywe yipeyinti yeoli yakudala (okanye naziphi na ezinye izinyibilikisi eziphilayo). Kwiziseko ezinjalo, ukusasazeka kwamanzi kuxokisa kakubi, umtshato phantse ungafikeleleki. Eyona ndlela icacileyo yokuzabalaza, susa ipeyinti endala. Inaliti yamanzi amadala isuswe ngesisombululo esibuthathaka nge-acid nge-sponge okanye ibrashi ethambileyo. Umphezulu weepeyinti ezindala zeoyile ezifunwayo ukuba zihluthwe ngokungathathi hlangothi okanye ngokungathabathayo i-alkaline (umzekelo, isisombululo se-SODA). Emva koko umphezulu kufuneka ufeswe ngamanzi acocekileyo acocekileyo kwaye emva kokome entlabathini.
Kukho neearhente ezikhethekileyo ezenziwe ngokususa ipeyinti yepeyinti ye-dufrt, i-dufa angenise evela kwi-pikkurila, ipeyinti ukusuka kwi-betek. Kuyinyani, iindleko zabo ziphezulu kakhulu - 7.3 ngelitha enye. Imifuno eyahlukeneyo yasekhaya iyabiza (2,5 nge-1 ilitha), kodwa ayisebenzi kangako. Ukungaqiniseki kunokuthathwa njengephunga elibukhali lendlela ehambelanayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukususwa ngokupheleleyo komsebenzi wepeyinti wangaphambili wokuqinisekisa ukuba uya kuba ne-inshureyitha nxamnye nepeyinti yepeyinti endala kunye "nentlungu" kwixesha elizayo. Ukuba kunzima ukwenza le nto, ungafaka umhlaba we-ACrylic ukuze uqhubeke okanye uthenge izinto ezizodwa ezenzelwe ukusebenza kwiipeyinti ezindala. Ezi propati zinamachaphaza amakhulu okusasazeka: Ipeyinti enoMatlaex Silky Glifter ukusuka kwiCanorol, "I-Eco-Joker" ukusuka kwi-tikkurila okanye i-eco-thy-ukwenza i-tikgfurg ye-ACGGERG GT 20 (10 ye-1L) ukusuka kubahle.
Eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu ekuguqukeni kwezixhobo ze-alkyd okanye zeoyile, umswakama wendawo kwaye ngokukodwa "i-Arration" yengubo yesiseko emva kokusebenza. Ukwanda komswakama kweendonga ngenxa yokungafaniyo okungapheliyo kodaka kuyingozi kakhulu ukugqiba. Kwiveki emva koko, inyanga kunye nangaphezulu emva kokuphela kokulungisa ipeyinti iqala 'kwi-bubble ", emva koko wahlukaniswa nodonga ngeziqwenga ziphela. Kwaye impendulo yakho yokuqala: Ipeyinti yeyokugxeka! Kodwa akusoloko kunjalo. Rhoqo abakhi bangxamile ukudlulisa umsebenzi kumthengi kunye nokungahoyi itekhnoloji. Masithi udonga oluphakathi luqala ukupeyinta okanye ukunxiba ngosuku olulandelayo (kunye nodaka kufuneka lume kanye njengoko kubonisiwe kwiingcebiso zomvelisi zokusetyenziswa kwalo). Ipeyinti yokusasazwa kwamanzi ikwandisiwe kangako kuba bavumela isibini samanzi ukuba sikhuphe ingqibelelo ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukuthembeka kwengqumbo.
Xa ukhetha ipeyinti, i-absorby yomphezulu ibalulekile. Ihlala ihambelana ne-hygroscoficicicicity yezixhobo, oko kukuthi, ukukwazi kwabo ukufunxa amanzi. Ezi ndawo zine-gypsum entsha, i-lime, indawo yesamente, kunye namabakala amanye amabakala (ngakumbi). Eyona ndawo inamandla, njengesiponji, itsala amanzi kwipende, ukuthintela ukwenziwa kwefilimu eqhelekileyo. Kwaye ekugqibeleni, izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo ziqala ukubhukuqa, ngokungathi ayikaze ibenebhanti. Qikelela inqanaba le-hygroscoficity ledonga lilula kakhulu: kwanele ukubetha kwi-50-100 ml yamanzi kwaye ujonge kumphezulu. Ukuba inkqubo yokufakwa kwenzeka ngokoqobo phambi kwamehlo, kubi. Ungajongana nale nto usebenzisa imihlaba ye-acrylic, ukuba ikho imfuneko, ukongeza entlokweni.
Ukukhangela eyona nto ilungileyo
Nyani ugcine kwizinto zepeyinti kwaye ungaphulukani njengoko uza kuphumelela kuphela ukuba uyayazi idinga kunye nethuba lezinto ezithile. Ke ngoko, okokuqala, hlolisisa imiyalelo yokusetyenziswa kweepeyinti onomdla kuzo. Nika ingqalelo kwezi ndawo zilandelayo:
Ukuchasana kwamanzi. Imihombiso esekwe kwi-Pve iphantsi, kodwa eButadiene Styrene kunye ne-Acry-pied. Ke ngoko, akukho mfuneko yokuba usebenzise iipende zePUVA kumagumbi anomswakama ophezulu, umzekelo kwigumbi lokuhlambela, ekhitshini, kwigumbi elingaphantsi. Mhlawumbi ekuphela kwendawo apho olu hlobo lwepeyinti lunokukhuphisana ne-acrylic-chilings yamagumbi owomileyo. Akucetyiswa ukugubungela ipeyinti esekwe kwi-PVA yepeyinti kwindlu yehlobo, engakhathali ebusika.
Ukuxhathisa ukukhanya. I-enamels eyahlukileyo ne-alkyd eli nani lingaphantsi kakhulu kunezo kwiipeyinti ze-acrylic kunye nemigaqo yePDA. I-AFREUE ngumgca, ipeyinti ye-PVA isetyenziswe kakuhle kumagumbi anebhola ekhatywayo, umzekelo egumbini lokuhlambela, iiholo, iholo, iholo. Ewe, eyona nto ichasene nokuKhanya kakhulu zizixhobo zepeyinti ezisekwe kubuhlungu be-acrylic.
Umatshini kunye nokunganyangeki kwemoto. Ukuba udonga luyimfuneko ukuhlamba amaxesha ngamaxesha okanye luhlangabezana rhoqo neziphumo zendlela (umzekelo, kwiholo, kwizitepsi zendlela, kwi-pirridor), ukhetho lufanele ukuhlawula i-acry biamels. Ipeyinti yendonga, njengommiselo, yibandakanyeke kakhulu kwaye unike amathuba okuhlamba, ukucocwa emanzini. Akukho meko yezizwe ngezizwe yokumiselwa kokunganyangeki kwepeyinti ukuhlamba. Kuvavanyo olulandelayo. Ipeyinti isetyenziswa kwi-inter subsere exhunyiwe ngokuthembekileyo. Emva kokomisa, igubungela iiveki ezine yibrashi edinyashelwe nge-0.5 isisombululo se-SODA (ukusebenza kwemijikelezo yenziwa, ibrawls ezininzi ngebrashi). Kwaye kude kube yipeyinti ukuba iyeke ukubambelela kwikhubalo. Isiphumo sizimisele ukuba zingaphi izihlandlo ezininzi ezinokuhlanjwa zihlanjwa ngaphandle kwecalucalulo kwimbonakalo yalo. Ipeyinti yesilingisi idla ngokungakhathali kuAbrasion kwaye ubukhulu becala ayinanzwa.
Ukusetyenziswa kwepeyinti. Ngokwesiqhelo, xa uthenge ukuthelekisa iindleko zelitha enye (ikhilogrem) yepeyinti. Kodwa ekugqibeleni, awuzilitha zepeyinti, kodwa indawo epeyintwa yilitha. Yiyo le nqaku (vm2 / l) kwaye abonise abavelisi kwiphakheji nganye. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba iifemu ezithile zinika ukusetyenziswa kwepeyinti okanye kwifom enye yedijithali (i-ICI Peets, i-GAI), kwaye ezo kunye nabanye bathathele ingqalelo uhlobo lwe umphezulu kunye nendlela yokufaka isicelo. Iinkampani ezinje nge-mainApol (i-turky), iTikkurila, umbala we-baltic zinikezelwa kumaxwebhu abizwa ngokuba yipeyinti ebonakalayo, masithi, ikhonkrithi, ipeyintiwe ngaphambili Ukudibana, udaka, njl. Njl.).
Kwiimeko ezininzi, imigangatho yokusetyenziswa yepeyinti eboniswe kwiphakheji imiselwa kwi-faker ecekeceke, phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo nakwindawo egudileyo egudileyo egudileyo. Kwaye kuya kubakho isiqinisekiso esiphezulu se-wizard, ukuqhubekeka komgangatho oqingqiweyo okanye umphezulu wepeyinti onokufunekakala kancinci. I-AESL kufuneka ijongane neziseko zetyhefu, ezinje ngekhonkrithi okanye inzala, ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kuya kunyuka. Okokugqibela, indlela yokufaka isicelo kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo. Xa usebenzisa ipeyinti, i-roller okanye ibrashi, ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kunyuka ngokulandelelana kwawo. Ke, ukubala ukusetyenziswa kwepeyinti yokwenyani, kulungele ukuba ixabiso olifumeneyo liya kuphuma ukuba liphezulu kune-5-15%. Kwizibalo ezichanekileyo, kungcono ukwenza umzobo wokuvavanywa ngokuthe ngqo.
Njengommiselo, umgangatho ophezulu (ophantse usoloko ungama-25-50% ebiza kakhulu kunabanye) ukubambisana okuyimibalabala, ukuba nendawo yokuhlala efanelekileyo, igqitha ngokupheleleyo imibala yesiseko sama-2. Sebenzisa iipeyinti eziphakathi, umsebenzi ofanayo unokusonjululwa ngokugubungela isiseko se-3-4 yee-faet (amaxabiso apha, kunjalo, isalamane). Kungenxa yoko le nto beya kubiza imali engabizi xa bethenga, kodwa bebiza kakhulu xa besetyenziswa. Kwimeko yokuqala, ngenye indlela ejikeleze. Ke ngemali awuyi kuphulukana, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo iya kuphumelela.
Abahleli bebulela inkampani "I-Spectrum LC" kunye nendlu yorhwebo eTritan ukuze incedise ekulungiseleleni izinto.