Isixhobo sokuthathwa kumagumbi emanzi. Ipeyintiwe, igciniwe, ihlawulwe, inqunyanyisiwe kwaye yolule ukutya-ukhetho lomthengi.
1. amavili
2- 'Isikhokelo esiguqukayo;
Ukumiswa okukhulu;
Ukunqunyanyiswa oku-4;
Imodyuli yesi-5;
Iphaneli eyi-6;
Iprofayile ye-7-Reference Caisson
Ukuhamba yonke imihla kwindawo yokuhlala yayo, akukho nqatha kwizinto eziphathwayo. Babengalunganga ngokudibeneyo kwizakhiwo, ezingasaphikiswanga njengeemi. Akulula, kunjalo - yonke imihla, ngaphandle kwendumiso kunye nokuxoxa ngokubanika abanini kunye neendwendwe, ziphethe inkonzo yakho! Namhlanje iya kuba malunga nophahla kumagumbi emanzi.
Ngexesha lokwakha nokuhonjiswa kwezakhiwo ezinomswakama okuphezulu, kunyanzelekile ukuba ziqwalaselwe kukhetho lwezixhobo, kuba kufuneka bonke baxhathise imiphumo yokonakalisayo. Ngamanye amagama, yindawo yokunganyangeki. Akukho zinto zingaphezulu, izixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ukugqiba ukutyala. Kule meko, "Umanzi" ubizwa ngokuba yindawo apho i-suidity yomoya idlula khona isalathiso esiqhelekileyo (60%). Iincwadi zibandakanya amachibi, ii-saunas kunye neebhafu (umswakama ongaphezulu kwe-90%), igumbi lokuhlambela kunye negumbi lokuhlambela (i-gerandas, igumbi lasebusika, i-verandas, igumbi lendawo yokuhlala , igaraji), ixhomekeke kakhulu kwiimeko zemozulu kwaye ifumene ukuqina kwexesha. Umphezulu wophahla, ukongeza ekunxibelelaneni rhoqo nomoya omisekileyo ophezulu, unokunxibelelana ngokuthe ngqo namanzi (umzekelo, kwi-chiet) okanye ube yindawo yokwahluka kwe-proched kwiqondo lokushisa igumbi).
Izixhobo ngokumalunga nokungasebenzi kakuhle kokufuma emva kwethutyana iqalisa iflakisi kwaye isilondolozo sisindisayo, okanye ukubakho, iziphumo zesikhunta kunye nentsholongwane. Zonke ezinye iimfuno zibonisa ubuchule bokungahambelani, ukunyangwa komlilo, ukucoceka kokusingqongileyo, ukhathalelo oluncinci luhambelana ngokupheleleyo, ukuba imagazini yethu ibhalile ngokuphindaphindiweyo kumanqaku okufezeka ", "Ukuthatyathwa kweevidiyo zokunqwenela" kunye "neziqwengana zezona zisebenzayo."
Iziqwenga zinokwahlulwa zibe ngamaqela amabini. I-clerva ibandakanya ezo zazo esikugqibiyo ukugqiba ukuzigqiba ngokwayo. Ukuthathwa kwezinto kutsalwe linani elinexabiso leendlela ezithile (umzekelo, ukubetheka kwaye kupeyinta, kunamathela kulungelelwaniso lokugcina umbilini; iindawo zokhuni zinokunyangwa ngeengxaki ezahlukeneyo). Iqela lesibini libandakanya ukuqina, ukubonelela ngokwakhiwa kolwakhiwo olongezelelekileyo ngokusekwe kwindiza ephambili kunye ne-fortives elona candelo lisisiseko (linqunyanyisiwe, cortex kwaye lolule).
Ipeyinti
Imibala yeyona ndlela iphantsi neyesiko ukugqibezela isilingi. Umsebenzi kwipeyinti kufuneka yenziwe ngaphambi koyilo lweendonga kunye nomgangatho egumbini. Iingqimba ezindala zezixhobo zisuswe kwangaphambili, emva koko isiseko somhlaba, ukubethwa nokubekwa. Ngapha koko, kuxhomekeka kwizitenxo ezingaphezulu, kuya kufuneka ufaka isicelo senani elahlukileyo leendawo. Xa ngokungahambelaniyo engaphantsi kwe-3 i-amplit yokungena ngenzondelelo (iqinisekisa ukubambelela kwezinto kunye nokungasebenzi kwamanzi; kulungile, ukuba kukho i-furty), ulungelelwaniso lomhlaba olinganayo) , ukugqiba umswakama-ukugqiba kwelokuqala kunye nepeyinti enganyangekiyo. Xa iziphene zi-3-16mmmmmed, i-Plaster kwisiseko, iprinta, i-primer, ipeyinti (yonke into eyingozi (i-proting (i-proting (uthotho ngokwayo inokuzomelezwa ngumnatha weglasi). Kwimeko yokuphambuka kwindiza, ngaphezulu kwe-10mm, inkqubo yokufaka isicelo isetyenziswa ngokufanayo, kodwa i-Plaster kwisiseko sesamente sisetyenziswa.Kumsebenzi wokwakha, njengommiselo, sebenzisa ezona planga ziqhelekileyo, ukufezekisa izixhobo zokungasebenzi kwamanzi ngenxa yokunganyangeki kwazo zonke izingqiniso ezilandelayo. Kodwa kukwakhona udaka olusuka lwamanzi olukhethekileyo, njenge-vetoit tt (i-optiroc, eFinland), i-Demisal (Indeli, i-Itali).
Amaqondo obushushu kwisiseko se-chalk okanye i-lime, kunye nepeyinti yenqanaba eliqhelekileyo lezakhiwo ezimanzi kule meko, azilunganga, ukunxibelelana ngokusisigxina kunye nezibini ezigutyungelweyo kwaye zisonjululwa. Kuphela ziingoma ezikhethekileyo, ezibizwa ngokuba yindawo emanzi "(ezi zinokuba zenziwe kwi-Acrylic, i-Latex okanye i-Selicone, kunye nePindus eyahlukeneyo; Kwimarike yaseRussia, iipeyinti ezinganyangekiyo zamanzi ziboniswa kakhulu: Uboya Kuche ombi (owenziweyo), i-Ismol-Wiss, i-Ismol, i-Ismol, i-Germas, iNetherlands, i-netherm (Dyo, i-turkey), kwaye ezinye, ezinje ngeDyostop (Dyo), zinokusetyenziswa nakwimigangatho yobuko. Ukusuka kwipeyinti yeendaba yasekhaya kumagumbi emanzi a-25 (Akron-B), i-rainbow m4 (rick). Izakhiwo ezinokufakwa ngaphandle ziyacetyiswa ukuba zisebenzise izixhobo zendalo ezenzelwe umsebenzi wangaphandle nangaphakathi (umzekelo, i-Felutex 10 kwi-Telex, iFelmark, iSweden-3 "ye-Deri yaseDerufa). Kwaye oku kuyaqondakala, kuba kwiimeko ezinjalo, zombini ukunyangwa komswakama kunye nokuxhathisa iqanda kubalulekile.
Iziqwenga zihlala zihlala zimhlophe, okanye nakweyiphi na enye ngokongeza iKokes ekhethekileyo. Ukutyala ezinemibala kuhlala khethwa eludongeni. Ukuba iipeyinti aziqukethe izinto zangaphantsi ngokobume, unokuthenga isisombululo esikhethekileyo (umzekelo, i-WeeAsershhield Fungiliel Doung, i-United Kingdom; i-United Start; Ixabiso lePakethi yi- $ 8 ) kwaye usebenzise wonke umphezulu ukuya kumbala.
Ukugqitywa kophahla kunokuntywila ngokuzimeleyo okanye ngoncedo lweengcali - kwimo yokugqibela kuya kufuneka uhlawule ukusuka kwi-10 yeedola nge-1m2 (umjikelo womsebenzi, ngaphandle kokuthatha ixabiso lezixhobo).
Ukongeza kwiipeyinti, kukho iiseti zonke zokugqiba ukhula kumagumbi emanzi. Umzekelo, uTikkurila Luja uyile okukhethekileyo kwigumbi lokuhlambela. Iyunithi iquka izinto ezi-4: Ukufakwa kwe-surmer primer, i-assatex enganyangekiyo-i-Assatex, iFieberglass iphepha lodonga kwaye i-Lujapet ye-Luja (i-acrylic). Isiphelo sophahla senziwe ngamanqanaba aliqela: qala usebenzise umaleko weprimer, emva koko ukuthambeka komswakama-ukunyangwa kwe-Assatex, apho iglasi iqhotyoshelwe khona. Ngosuku emva kweWallpaner roller ithathelwa indawo yi-surimation ye-surimation kwaye kuphela emva koko, i-2 yepeyinti yepeyinti. Ukuba ifunwa, ukutshintsha inkangeleko yophahla ngaphambi kokupheliswa kobomi beshelufu yokudibana, unokumisa ungqameko olutsha lwepeyinti. Ukudibana nokunyuka nokuhlamba kungekuphela kwendlu eqhelekileyo, kodwa kukhuselo olomeleleyo, kuquka nentsholongwane. Ipeyinti ngokwayo iyakwazi ukumelana ngaphezulu kwe-10,000 idlula ngebrashi. Ixabiso lelitha enye isuka kwi- $ 7. Iseti ye-primers yamanzi (i-tackfarg) inikezela ne-Sweden Fickers.
Ukungancedisi kwezinto ezipeyintiweyo yimfuno yomjikelo omde womsebenzi kumalungiselelo aphambi kokulungiselela kunye nokufakelwa komgangatho, inzuzo yokufumaneka kwezixhobo.
Zintathu iindlela eziphambili zokususa iingubo zakudala: oomatshini (ukuthoba i-thessi evuthayo, i-therbble), i-thermopytole (ipeyinti yeoyile ikwasusa " I-Dodovsky "Ngendlela, ndifudumeza umphezulu ngentsimbi eqhelekileyo nge-suminium foil) kunye nekhemikhali, kunye necandelo lamaRussia, kunye nempahla enkulu yehlafu. Sinceda kuphela imizekelo embalwa: Ukutsala i-leamfarbnabloser (i-puffes, iJamani), i-ABPE-ABEBERT (i-GAPFER), i-GAGFT), iRussia). Ngohlobo ngalunye lweepeyinti, inyibilikisiwe yongezwa ekuhlambelweni. Ithiyori, nayiphi na ipeyinti ingasuswa ngolunye lwezi ndlela.
I-celiliry efakwe
"I-gued", "ifakwe", "elidlulileyo" - kwi-lexicon yabakhi kunye nabathengisi ukuba ungadibana nelinye lala magama luhambelana nendlela efanayo yokugqiba kwesona siseko. Inamathele kwezi zinto zilandelayo: Iithayile zokuhombisa ezahlukileyo ezenziwe nge-polystyrene foam, izixhobo zeglasi, okanye izinto ezingaqhelekanga, ezinjengeephaneli ezigudileyo zesiseko, isiseko, kunye neephaneli , kunye neethayile ze-ceramic.
Olona phawu luthandwayo lweplate edwelisiweyo kwi-polystyrene ye-folystyrene (okanye, njengoko ikwabizwa njalo, i-styrofoam). Ukusetyenziswa kumagumbi emanzi, kuphela iiphaneli ezizelweyo zifanelekile. Indlela yokuphuma esetyenziswayo kwimveliso yabo ivumela ukufezekisa ubuninzi (malunga ne-70kg / m3) kunye ne-homogeneity yezinto ezibonakalayo, kwaye ngenxa yoko. Kwimveliso yeepaneli kunye nezinye iindlela, isitampu kunye nenaliti-Isakhiwo seplate asikothuli, kwaye uCoating unokufumana umswakama.
Iipleyiti ezikhutshiweyo zilula ukwahlula ngenkangeleko yenkangeleko, inobuso obunengxaki, kwiphaneli yombono ijongeka njenge-thoccolate yetshokholethi. Amaphupha afanelekileyo kubo, izinto ezinesitampu kunye nezinto ezinesitampu zibhengeze ngokucacileyo ubume beenkozo, ziyabonakala nokuba zichukumise. Iipaneli zahlukile kubukhulu: I-2,5-3mm, isitampu- 6-7mm, inaliti - 10mm. Ubungakanani be-thayile esemgangathweni kuzo zonke abavelisi balingane nge-50055mmm. Ukuphosa izinto ezongeziweyo yiphaneli engunxantathu 16.5 MM ububanzi kwaye i-1000 mm ubude, kunye ne-plnthes ye-plnthes ye-Plthles 1000-1500mm. Owona mbala udumileyo mhlophe, zona iintlobo apha zifezekisiwe ngokukhetha enye okanye enye into (kwiikhathalogu zefemu zinikezelwe kumashumi aliqela). Nangona, ukuba ufuna, ungakhetha iimodeli zombala, kubandakanya ukuxelisa iinkuni, ilaphu okanye ilitye.
Kwimarike yaseRussia namhlanje kukho iiplate zabavelisi basekhaya - "amaphetha", "i-Destic" kunye ne-Det-bipter, i-vtm, i-vchafecten (i-charfer, i-vchafecten (i-changfer). Iindleko zephaneli ezimhlophe zimalunga nee-rubles ezingama-40, m2, umbala- malunga ne-60-70 ye-rubles / m2.
Iithayile zigxunyekwe nakweyiphi na ikhonkrithi, izitena, iibhloko, iinkuni (kulungile, ukuba uchitha i-primer yazo). Xa uhombise umphezulu wezinto ezindala, qiniseka ukuba ususa imixokelelwane yepeyinti, akukho mfuneko yokuba ucime yonke ipeyinti. Kungcono ukusebenzisa iglu ye-polystyrene okanye ukwakhiwa okhethekileyo kumgangatho wokuhamba, kunye nokunganyangeki kwenkampani yaseRussia "i-gigant dufar messet, kunjalo, kunjalo iqinisekisiwe ukungafumani i-tile, kwaye emva koko unokuyikhuphela. Kulula ukhathalela uphahla olunamathela: kuya kufuneka wenze ukucocwa emanzi amaxesha ngamaxesha.
Ngaphandle kokukhawuleza, i-polystyrenene ye-polystyrene ilula kakhulu ukuba inyibilike (sele ikwiqondo lobushushu ngaphezu kwe-80s, umbandela uqalisa ukuphelisa). Ke ngoko, umntu makangabekwa eludongeni kunye neziqhulo zemikhono kumgama osondele kwi-20-30 cm ukusuka kumhlaba ophahlayo. Imibhobho yokufudumeza kwamanzi, esekwe kwintshukumo yeengcali, azikhathalelwanga kwindawo yokunyibilika ye-polystyrene, iiphaneli zinokusondezwa kufutshane nale mibhobho. I-Stirores nayo ayikwazi ukumelana neziphumo zezinto eziphilayo (ipetroli, i-turpentine, i-acetone idr), kodwa i-acetone idr), kodwa i-acetone ye-acetone), kodwa i-acetone ye-acetone), kodwa ukulandelwa kwamanqatha ukusuka kwiplate ezimhlophe kunokuhlanjwa ngotywala. Kwaye ekugqibeleni, i-polystyrene ye-gwebyrene ye-foam-igwebu, ethi ayithandi abalandeli bayo yonke into "yendalo." Abathengi bahlala bekhalaza malunga ne-scater enkulu ye-SIRS kwi-batch enye yeethayile.
Ukusetyenziswa kweeglasi yenye yezona zinto zikhululekileyo, kwaye neendlela ezingabizi kakhulu zokugqiba icala kwigumbi elinamanzi. Iinzuzo zokuzisebenzisa zinokubakho ukubakho kobomi obuphilayo (amaxesha ali-10 ukuya kweli-10; njengoko kwaziwa njalo, iifestile zeglasi zitshixiwe emva kokunamathela) kunye neminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-30. Kwimarike yaseRussia, iifestile ezikhazimla kwabavelisi baseYurophu ziqhutywa njengeBanuax (Germany), i-IHT ye-IHTAT ye-HGT (i-IHT ye-IHT (i-IHT e-IHT (i-IHT e-IHT (i-IHTA), i-IHT ye-IHT (i-IHT e-IHT (i-IHTA), i-IHTAX (Fintex (Fintex), iindleko ze-rubs ezingama-5000. Ukuthungwa komphezulu yeyona nto ihlukeneyo: I-Parquet, i-Rhombus, i-diagonal, umthi weKrisimesi, umthwalo.
Unokuba ne-glue ze-cets ze-cork ephathwe ngentetho eguqukayo yamanzi. Iithayile ze-ceiling ezizodwa azifunyanwanga kuthengiswa, ukuze zihambe ngaphandle kunye namanqaku odonga avela kwi-jam yemoto. Ezi zixhobo, ngendlela, ineepropathi ezintle kakhulu. Ngendlela efanayo, iingubo zangaphantsi zamanzi okanye iithayile ze-ceramic eziqhelekileyo zingasetyenziswa.
Hlamba
Ukufika kwamaplanga-iinyawo ezimnandi zezindlu zelizwe, apho kungekho mfuneko yahlulahlula ezi zakhiwo naphi na khona naphi na izinto ezingasebenziyo. Ukuthembisa ngakumbi kukwahluka kokusebenza nomthi ngokwabo, umzekelo, ukulungiswa kwezinto ezifudumeleyo ze-biorople, ezikhusela i-birproere kuphela, kodwa zikusasazeka kwi-pestgs ( Umzekelo, ukwakhiwa kwe-Bb-11 ye-Bio-I-Bio ebiweyo, uMvelisi ", i-Russia (i-Russia (i-ruble- i-rubles / i-rubs", i-ruble- 166. Kuba ukupakisha i-10KG, isetyenziswa kwi-2-3 imijikelezo); ukudityaniswa kwengoma "ye-soteks" kunye ne "Amanzi" ruble "rubs" i-ruble "ye-ruble" (kodwa ibiza kakhulu.Incoko eyahlukileyo malunga ne-sauuna kunye nebhafu, apho isiilings eneendonga kunye nomgangatho "kakhulu". Apha, umthi (ngaphandle kwe-Aspen, yeyiphi eyona nto ilungileyo ye-SAunas) kufuneka inyangwe ngengoma ekhethekileyo yokudibanisa imiphumo yamaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Umzekelo, ukubongwa kwe "Teflex Sauna" ("bioprotect" okanye ukwenziwa ngokusekwe kwi-acrylate supi-saunasuoja (tikkurila, eFinland). Nangona ezinye iingcali zakhiwe zincomeka ukushiya umthi kwiivenkile ezicocekileyo kwaye zingayithwali naziphi na iirakhi. Chaza oku ukungakwazi ukufezekisa ukungabikho ngokupheleleyo kwe "chemistry".
Ukunqunyanyiswa
Le yinkqubo equlathe isakhelo sesinyithi esinqunyanyisiwe kwi-Overlap, kunye neemodyuli ezigqityiweyo (ezololiwe, iipleyiti, iipaneli, iipasethi, iikhasethi) zisezantsi kwesiseko.
Inkqubo enqunyanyisiweyo, okanye isakhelo, - Isiseko salo nawuphi na uphahla olunqunyanyisiweyo. Uqulathe izikhokelo eziphambili, tsalela izikhokelo, izinto ze-angular kunye nokunqunyanyiswa. Ukuhlanganiswa kohlengahlengiso (iintonga, iibakaki, ucingo olukhulu) ukuvumela ukuba utshintshe umgama phakathi kokumiswa kunye nokusingiswa kwesiseko. Olu luyilo lwenza ukuba kwenzeke ukuba kwenzeke kwizitenxo zeMaski, ukudala ukutya okuninzi kwinqanaba, sebenzisa indawo ekhokelela ekumiseni unxibelelwano oluyimfuneko lobuNjineli kunye nokufakwa kwezibane. Inkqubo enomgangatho omiselweyo - mhlophe, ezinye iindlela ezinokwenzeka zingumbala, phantsi kwe-chrome, phantsi kwegolide. Ububanzi bezikhokelo eziqhelekileyo ziyi-15 ne-24mm. I-Kbasy Celiling Ukumiswa kwezimiselo ziqhotyoshelwe ngoncedo lweedosi kunye nezikrelemnqa.
Izakhiwo zeRack Ukuqokelelwa kuhambo olude oluxineneyo, olunokuhluka kububanzi, ukuphakama, ubume bephaneli kunye nomda (i-matte (i-matte okanye isibuko) kunye nombala. Iimodyuli ezingabamelwane ziyakwazi ukuhlanganisa i-dibane-b-b-joent, yahlulwahlulwa ngokufakelwa okanye ibekwe kumgama othile omnye komnye, kwindawo yokugqibela, kwimeko yokugqibela ijika isakhiwo esincinci esivulekileyo. Ubume be-reiki ojiweyo (umsebenzi wenziwa kumzi-mveliso, phantsi komyalelo, ngokobungakanani bomthengi) kukuvumela ukuba udale kungekuphela nje, kodwa unesiphene se-celings. Imibutho yamanzi inokudityaniswa yimodyuli yemilo yeflethi necwecwe, ipaneli yemibala eyahlukeneyo, ifaka, izibane kunye nokufakelwa kweebhloko. Ubude obuqhelekileyo be-idx yi-6m, ububanzi-ukusuka kwi-30 ukuya kwi-300 mm, isuka kwi-0.3 ukuya kwi-0.6mm. Yenziwe nge-aluminium okanye intsimbi ye-gamunited, kumagumbi emanzi kuyacetyiswa ukuba bakhethe i-aluminium. Bakho kwi-ofisi yabo bonke abavelisi beendlela zokuhamba: i-Armstrong (i-USA), i-Germel (i-Germany), i-Germenda ye-Germenda (i-Germenda), i-Inlook (i-Finvet), i-LUMBET ).
Ixabiso loyilo olungxamisekileyo lwemveliso yaseRussia yi- $ 10-20 nge-1m2, imveliso yangaphandle - $ 20-40 nge-1m2, indleko zofakelo, ukusuka kwi-4m2 ye-1m2. I-vololus evuza ngaphezulu koololiwe kufuneka ichithwe kwaye yomile, emva koko ibuyiselwe kuloo ndawo; Uyilo oluvulekileyo luya kumisa. Ezo zinto zokumiswa kwezinto zithandwa kakhulu ngumthengi ukuze zisebenziseke kwaye zihlala zifakwe egumbini lokuhlambela.
Uyilo lwemimoya ye-tile. Imakethi yaseRussia inikezela ngeenkqubo eziphezulu zemigangatho emibini. Ngokweseli yaseYurophu, le nkqubo inemilinganiselo ye-600600mmm, kunye neemodyuli-595595mm. Kuyingenisa imigangatho yaseMelika, ubungakanani beeseli kufuneka zilingane ne-610610 mm, ubungakanani beemodyuli ngama-605605mm. Iinkqubo zendalo iphela kwaye zikuvumela ukuba uxhome iipleyiti zabavelisi abahlukeneyo bomgangatho omnye.
Izinto zemodyuli zingenziwa kwizinto ezahlukeneyo: intsimbi (intsimbi okanye iinkuni, iinkuni, i-humes, i-MDF, i-Fibless), iplastikhi, eyomileyo. Akukho zithintelo zokusetyenziswa kwamagumbi emanzi kunye ne-aluminium- ziveliswa yi-albes, i-Itali (i-Itali), i-Alf (i-Alf), i-Alf (i-Polland), i-barlo plassoct . Ezinye izihlandlo kufuneka zikwazi ukumelana nobunzima obuyi-95% (kunye ne-Pools - 100%) kwaye ngokufanelekileyo umenzi uyacetyiswa kwizakhiwo ezinomswakama, i-ceramagard ye-fiberard, ukukwazi ukunxibelelana nokunxibelelana namanzi; iinkuni ze-fibracoustic kunye neplate kwi-Mineral Wool Wormer Wormatex, uMvelisi-AMF). Ukubandakanya umzekelo, siya kunika ngakumbi i-ficklass plates (i-ecophon, iSweden), icala langaphambili eligutyungelwe yifilimu ye-PVC, kunye ne-ceramar fineral finerals (i-USA). Ubungqingqwa beepleyiti buxhomekeke kwizinto ezenziwe kuzo: ukusuka kwi-0.5 mm (metallic) ukuya kwi-20-30 mm (eyenziwe nge-fiber ye-mineral). Umphezulu onokuthi ugudile okanye rhabaxa, matte, glossy okanye isibuko, ube nombala owahlukileyo kunye nolwalamano. Iimodyuli ezahlukileyo okanye iinxalenye zazo ziyakwazi ukutshintsha izibane. Ixabiso leepleyiti-ukusuka kwi- $ 11 ye-1m2.
Inguqulelo yoqobo yombutho ojikelezayo kukusetyenziswa kweemodyuli zeglasi zeglasi ezikwi-plexiglas. I-600600mm iqhotyoshelwe ngenkqubo eqingqiweyo eqingqiweyo, ukwenza isiphumo sokuhlobisa "sokukhanya" kweglasi eseleyo, uyilo lubonelelwa ngokukhanyisa ngaphakathi. Indleko zeethayile ziphezulu, ukusuka kwi-100 yeedola ukuya kwi-500 yeedola kwi-1m2, ehambelana ngokupheleleyo nokuchasana kwempahla. Iifestile zeglasi kwiglasi ye-venetian ziya kubiza kakhulu.
Iimodlings Celings ezivela kwiithayile, iikhasethi, iigridi, iimodyuli zeselula zinembonakalo esemthethweni kwaye zihlala zifakwe kwiiofisi nakwimimandla yoluntu kunezindlu zabucala kunye namagumbi. Akukho zithayile zokuhombisa ze-fiber yenkuni okanye i-plexiglass. Eyona nto ingekhoyo yezakhiwo ezimisiweyo - "zityiwe" i-12-16 cm yokuphakama kwegumbi. Eyona nto iphambili kukubanakho kwendawo yokuhlala efihliweyo, ukungasebenzi kunye nokuguqulwa.
I-Steer Cleer
Ukuphatha kubizwa ngokuba yizakhiwo apho izinto ezithwalayo (imivalo yentsimbi, iiprofayili) ziqhotyoshelwe ngqo kwisiseko secala, kwaye singayixhonywa, njengakwinkqubo emisiweyo. Ke ngoko, umgama ophakathi kwengubo esisiseko kwaye ecocekileyo igqitywe kuphela ngobungqingqwa bezakhelo ezithwala isakhelo sesakhelo. Uninzi luhlala lukhona iingubo zensimbi (uyilo lwazo luyafana nokurhafisa) kunye notywina lomsila owomileyo (Olu luyilo oluqokelelwe kwi-SPESTAR kunye nesakhelo sesinyithi okanye somthi). Kumagumbi emanzi, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa amashiti olwandle-olwenzileyo (uphawula i-GCEV). Amashiti akhe apeyintwe eluhlaza, ngokwahlukileyo kwi-grey eqhelekileyo. Kwimarike yaseRussia, le nto ibonelelwa yi-Gyproc (e-United Kingdom) kunye ne-Knauf Gypsum (iRussia). Imilinganiselo esemgangathweni yamashiti - 25001200, i-30001200mm ngobukhulu be-120 70 / M2, i-6mm iqhelekile ukuba kukho amashiti ane-9.5mm. Unokubamba kwakhona izinto ezinesidima enzelwe indawo emanzi (i-GVLV).Amanzi owomileyo awomileyo ngokulula kwaye emva komile kuthatha ifom enikezwe kuyo. Le ndawo isetyenziselwa ukwenza iindawo zejometri ezintsonkothileyo (ii-arches, i-domes, indawo enenqanaba lamanqanaba). Ukuphathwa kwe-G Coles namhlanje kuyinto enkulu kakhulu-ayibizi, ikuvumela ukuba udale ubuchule bomntu kwaye uxhobise uyilo lwakhelwe. Impahla yePropathi yePlailish iqokelelwa kwiishiti eliqela, imithungo isentlungwini nge-ribbn yokutywina kwaye igqitywe nge-ifatty. Emva koko, isilizi kufuneka siphathwe ngeprimer kwaye sigubungele nayiphi na ipeyinti, zombini iingoma kufuneka zenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kumagumbi emanzi.
Yolula phall
Ukuphathwa koyilo loluliweyo yifilimu ecekeceke okanye izicubu, zoluliwe kwisakhelo esikhethekileyo (i-Baguette). I-baguette ilungisiwe kwisiseko secala okanye ijikeleze umda wodonga kwaye, kuxhomekeka kwindlela enomdla, inokubonakala okanye ifihliwe. Inqwelomoya ephangisingle igudileyo igudileyo kwaye inobukrelekrele, inendlela yesilingi esiqinileyo. Yenziwe ngefilimu ye-polyvinyl chlorick (PVC) okanye izicubu zePolyester, isakhelo kuzo zombini iimeko zenziwa nge-PVC, kodwa i-tigid kuphela eqinileyo kune-filimu, okanye i-aluminium. Ukubaleka nokufudumala okuphezulu kwe-air wolula kungenamdla ngokupheleleyo, ke zifakwe kumagumbi emanzi ngaphandle kwezithintelo. I-Lisps Vumela ukusuka phezulu ifilimu iyasindisa, yenza ityhubhu enkulu. Ngokutsho kwabavelisi, izinto ezibonakalayo zinyamezele umthwalo we-100 L / M2, iimvavanyo ezisebenzayo ezenziwa ngu-MAL-C, zibonise iziphumo eziphezulu- ukuya kwi-170l / m2. Ungatsala amanzi ngokupheleleyo kunye nengxamiseko efanayo, ngomngxunya wesibane (ukuba isilingi singenelwa ngokukhanya okhethiweyo) okanye sichitha enye yeembombo zethutyana. Kwimeko yesibini, ngokuqinisekileyo uya kufuna ukubiza ingcali. Ilaphu elomileyo lishushu, emva koko lo phanda ubuyisela ngokupheleleyo uxinzelelo lwayo.
Ukunqongophala kwefilimu ye-PVC kukungabikho kokunganyangeki kwe-rost, kumaqondo obushushu angaphantsi kwe-0s, le nto iyangqinelana kwaye ibuthathaka, iqala ukuwa kuphela ngexesha leqabaka engezantsi - 40s. Ke ngoko, ukuba ufake i-celing phallight kwindlu yelizwe ngaphandle kokufudumeza rhoqo ebusika, yiba phambana: Zama ukuba ungayifumani inqwelomoya kwaye ungawelili.
Imakethi yaseRussia ibeka inani elikhulu lemizobo esondeleyo yokubonelela nge-pvc kwi-PVC: I-Barrilol, uyilo lweMoult, i-Exrige, i-Entermat, i-Mouset (i-Gerupe) kwaye Kuphela kuphela kokuthengisa ngokuqinileyo kwilaphu lePolyester ilaphu leSwitzerland.
Umahluko oyintloko kuyilo oluphakathi kweendlela ezivela kwifilimu ye-PVC evela kubavelisi abahlukeneyo abakho. Xa ifudumele ngaphezulu kwe-65 yokuthintela ukunyuka kwezixhobo, kwaye inokwenzeka kakuhle, le ndawo isetyenziswa xa kufaka i-celing celing. Umahluko kubavelisi unokufumaneka kuluhlu lwemibala (ihlala ikwiimpawu zekhathalogu ukusuka kwi-50 ukuya kwi-100 thus kunye neentlobo ezininzi zeMarble, i-Gload, phantsi komthi, iSuede, ukusuka ekuzinzeni kuyaziwa Malunga ne-90% ye-phalid ene-matte yomgangatho).
Abavelisi banokwahluka kwiindlela zokutya kunye nemveliso yokutsala (ikhathuni kunye neflow: Wedge, intambo kunye ne-CRD). NgeHarpoon (iBarrilol, i-carre noir, i-Extezo, iNewAT), i-canvat), i-canvat yenziwa ngokungqongqo kwi-10-15%%. Kwiimeko zokubuyisa, iHarpoon ifudukele kwimiphetho ye-canvase elungiselelwe. Ngendlela yokrintsha, imilinganiselo yononophelo kunye nemisebenzi yomzi-mveliso ayizukudingeka, i-canvas ihanjiswe endaweni, ubushushu buye kwi-70s kwaye bunyuke kwi-baguette.
I-soulet Celings ingafakwa kumagumbi olona lungiselelo lohlukeneyo, ukwakha izakhiwo zenqanaba lamanqanaba, ukudala i-arches, imilenze kunye neentente.
Izinto ezenziwe nge-polsoster clipso clips zifakwe kubushushu begumbi. Umbala, ngokwahlukileyo kwifilimu, yenziwa emva kokuhlela. Ukuqinisekiswa kwifilimu ye-PVC, ilaphu luphawu lokunganyangeki kwaye aloyiki ubushushu obungalunganga. Ukwenza uphando oluntsonkothileyo lungenakwenzeka.
Owona mgama ubuncinci onokuthi aqhotyoshelwe kwi-celing yecala elivela kwisiseko, ngu-0.5-3cm (kuxhomekeka kwinkqubo yenkampani ethile).
Xa kuxhobisa isilingi sobuqhingikazi kunye nokukhanyisa okwakhekileyo, isibane ngasinye (ngesiqhelo imithombo yolwazi) iphakanyisiwe kusetyenziswa i-cariling eyahlukileyo, kwaye imingxunya inqunyulwe i-carvas irimer . Ungasebenzisa izibane ngamandla ukuya kuthi ga kwi-60w (yezibane ze-incandescent) ukuya kuthi ga kwi-35w (ye-halogn). Ukufaka izibane zamandla amakhulu, uyakufuna ukufuduswa okukhulu okuphakathi kwesibane kunye nequmrhu leziility, kungenjalo ifilimu inyibilikisiwe.
Ixabiso lophahla lisuka kwi-30 yeedola nge-1m2, kubandakanya ufakelo, kwaye ubukho bezindawo ezintsonkothileyo zenza isixa kwi-40 ye-1M2.
Echibini okanye kwigumbi lokuhlambela, unokwakha isibhakabhaka esijikelezayo ". Olu luyilo lwempikiswano yefilimu ye-PVC yombala omnyama, ukongeza uxhotyiswe ngenkqubo yeenkwenkwezi ezincinci. Kukho itekhnoloji eliqela yokwenza "isibhakabhaka esineenkwenkwezi":
1. Sebenzisa itekhnoloji ye-fible. Kule meko, ifayibha inokubekwa kwindiza ephahlayo ngeendlela ezintathu. Okokuqala, ziboniswe ngezantsi kwenqanaba le-phailish kumgama we-10-50cm, ifilimu iphinde ihlawulwe kwangaphambili. Kule meko, i-fiber ngokwayo iyakhanyiswa, kwaye ukubonakalisa kwayo kumphezulu wesilonda kudala ifuthe elongezelelekileyo. Okwesibini, iingcebiso zemisonto yefibre ye-fiber ingasuswa kwinqanaba elinye ngewebhu, umphezulu ugcinwe kwakhona. Inketho yesithathu kukubonelela ngefayibha ukusuka kwicala elingasemva ukuya kumphezulu, kwaye emva koko ifilimu ayizifuneki. Kwisibane sosuku esikhanyayo sisilopho nje esichetyiweyo.
2. Ukusebenzisa izinto ze-swarovskian ze-austrinian. Emva kwemini, ngokulula, kuhle i-quartings, ngokuhlwa banika umdlalo wemvula. Ukukhanya kwe-lens babonelela ngaphakathi kweekhareji zemiqadi yemitya yefibre yefibre. Kuyenzeka ukuba udibanise i-lens enefibre yefibre.
3. Sebenzisa i-LEDS eboniswe kumphezulu wesilingi kwaye ujongeka ngathi incinci (1-2 mm incinci) ye-bulb ye-bulb. Zifakwe kumanyange akhethekileyo kwaye zifuna umthombo owodwa wamandla. Iphaneli yenkqubo ivumela ukuba umise kwiindlela ezili-10 ze-ficker zeedids.
Ukukhetha iingoma ezivela kwiinkwenkwezi zezakho.
Abahleli bebulela inkampani "iDipris", "Decotek", "Mal-C", "iplanethi kunye ne-stork kunye nolwakhiwo