Eyona nto yenzelwe kwaye ixhotywe ngempompo "elungileyo", iqula liyakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba amanzi angafakwanga yendlu.
I-1-i-impeller; 2 - Blade; I-3-I-Spinage ye-Spinage; 4 -Ngalwa ngokwahlukileyo; I-5-uxinzelelo lwengcinezelo; I-6-I-Funnel yokuThumela impompo okanye indawo yokudibanisa impompo yevacuum; 7 -Ukufumana ivalva yokujonga; 8.9 - I-piholi yombhobho kunye ne-nozzle; I-10-discs yomxhaphali; I-11-imilebe
I-1-i-impeller; 2 - amabala; I-3-ijelo le-ring; 4 - Umzimba; I-5 -ingcaciso ye-curvilinears
1-Ukungena ngokufanelekileyo;
I-2-Fonge;
3 - isiqingatha somqolo;
4 -Ukuhlukanisa i-membrane;
I-5-irhasi efanelekileyo;
I-6-I-Valve ilungiselelwe;
Iplatifomu yepompo;
I-8-Imilenze yenkxaso
I-1 - imibhobho eqhelekileyo ye-castins;
2-Impompo;
I-3 - i-ovoor eyomileyo;
4 Intambo;
I-5-cinezela ityhubhu;
6 Umhadi,
7 I-Valve yokufumana amanzi;
I-8-ne-node yeValve yokujonga;
I-9 -ilitha;
I-10 - i-hydroaccutor;
Ingcinezelo idlulisela phambili;
I-12-electrolimanel
Ngaphandle kwamanzi kwisakhiwo, njengoko uyazi, akukho poridgege ipheka. Kwaye "ukufumana" abanini bezindlu zelizwe banamanzi ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kuxhomekeka kubutyebi bentsapho.
Ulungelelwaniso lwequla lequla lezabo, eyahlukileyo yendawo yelizwe ayisiyolisekile ngexabiso eliphantsi. Ziqwalasele: Iindleko zomqolo omnye wemitha yomlingani kakuhle kakuhle ngeplastikhi ephindwe kabini kwi-50-80 (kwaye iimitha ezinjalo ngamanye amaxesha zifumene i-100-150). Ngenxa yoko, ukwakhiwa kwequla kunokuba kukwenza kwi- $ 5000-12000. Iphakheji yemfuneko yamaxwebhu okufumana imvume yokwakha "ii-palls" kusekho kwiwaka leedola ezingamawakawaka. Kunye ne-trifles "enjalo" njengempompo ye-borehole elungileyo kwi- $ 700-1000, ayinakuthathela ingqalelo. Ke, iqula, iminyaka ebalwa iminyaka engama-30, iya kuxabisa i- $ 10,000-15000. Ngeendleko, ayingankcenkce, kodwa ioyile!
Ungabalingani abasebenza ngokulula nabalingane abangenaleyo abangakwaziyo ukubeka namashumi amawaka, kwaye indlu yelizwe? Kwaye ndifuna ukuhlala kuyo, ndipheke ukutya, ndihlambe, ndinkcenkceshele umyezo ... Kulungile, kubasebenzi bamanzi amantshontsho apho zizisombululo, ukuze ndithethe uqoqosho ". Esona sahluko siqhelekileyo silungile. Ineembaleki zayo, kodwa kukho ingenelo njengendleko eziphantsi, ukulula kwisixhobo nokusebenza. Iliwa elingelwe ngokukuko, eyakhiwe kwaye ixhotyiswe ngempompo "elungileyo", iqula elinjalo linokwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi ngaphandle kwendlu.
Isixhobo se-shaft quls
Iziqula ze-Shaff ziyaziwa ngaphezulu kwenkulungwane enye, kodwa namhlanje zihlala zixhaphakile kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni. Zenzelwe ukufumana amanzi ukusuka kwi-aquifr esondeleyo evela kumphezulu wobunzulu be-IT ukuya kwi-15 ukuya kwi-M (imigodi yeminatha inokwenzeka kubunzulu obungasebenzi kakuhle). I-ods engafakwanga yenziwa umjikelo okanye uxande. Iindonga zazo zibalwa ngeenkuni, ilitye, kodwa uninzi lwenziwa ngamakhonkco ekhonkrithi. Ukhenketho kufuneka ngokuthembekileyo lukhusele umgodi kumhlaba ongaphezulu kuwo. Le njongo yekhonkrithi yekhonkrithi (okanye enye into ye-trim) ifakwe ngokuqinileyo kwisimo sesamente.Kwinxalenye yendawo ekufuphi yequla, i-clay lock 1 m ubunzulu kunye nobunzulu obu-2 m ucwangcisiwe, ngesidlo sakusasa esivela kwizitena, ilitye, i-asphalt okanye ikhonkrithi enesithambeka se-0.01 ebhekiswe kwiziko. Le nxalenye yeli ndawo ingentla yelinge i-pro, inyuka ngama-0.8 m ngaphezulu komhlaba. Kuyinto enqwenelekayo ukuba ukuphakama kwayo kugqitha ukuqikelelwa kwesigqubuthelo sekhephu kwicandelo elinikiweyo (amanzi anyibilikayo ngqo kumphezulu womhlaba akufuneki awele equleni). Ibentibend yentloko kufuneka ivalwe nge-id okanye ikhonkrithi eqinileyo ngaphezulu kwe-hatch, nokuba nesivalo. Yonke le nto ibekwe phantsi kwe-canopy okanye kwindawo eyodwa. Ukuba kufanelekile ukusebenzisa iqula ebusika, uyilo luphela luphela kufuneka luvalelwe. Ngenxa yokhuselo lwayo ekuqokeleleni, kuphela ukufakwa kwendalo esisiseko, umzekelo, i-Inert ye-Inert ye-chekhermer ye-polymer enje nge-foomizol, i-polystyrene foam. Akuvumelekanga ukusebenzisa uboya weminerali kunye nokufakelwa kwe-Asbestos, kuba iintsinga zazo ezincinci ziyingozi kwimpilo, kwaye izibini zamanzi e-inshurensi zinciphisa kakhulu ubushushu bokufakwa kobushushu boku kufakwa kobushushu boku kufakwa kobushushu bokufakwa kobushushu bokufakelwa kobushushu bokufakwa kobushushu bokufakwa kobushushu bokufakwa kobushushu boku kufakwa kobushushu bokufakwa kobushushu bokufakwa kobushushu bokufakwa kobushushu bokufakwa kobushushu bokufakwa kobushushu bokufakwa kobushushu bokufakelwa kobushushu bokufakwa kobushushu bokufakwa kobushushu bokufakwa kobushushu bokufakwa kobushushu bokufakwa kobushushu bokufakwa kobushushu bokubelwa kwe-subser.
Inxalenye eqhutywa ngamanzi iqula lequill kufuneka idlule kwi-suble yamanzi kunye ne-plunge ibe yindawo yokugcina eqinileyo ubuncinci i-0,5 m, kodwa kungabikho ngaphezulu kwe-2 m. Kukho imingxunya yokuqiniseka okukhulu. Isihluzi esibuyiselweyo ukusuka kubiziwe (ngokulandelelana, ukubala ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi) se-Gravel Lawers, iRubble, isanti yenziwe ezantsi. Umaleko ngamnye kufuneka abe nobungqingqwa obuyi-20 cm. Ukukhuphela iqula, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuqhuba umoya, oku kuyakuthintela ukuqokelelwa kwe "Gases" ezinobungozi ezantsi kwesakhiwo. Ikwanengqondo ukubonelela ngezitepsi zelungisa okanye ukucoca iqula elizayo. Yenziwe ukusuka kwinani lezibiyeli zentsimbi, ukuxhathisa ukusula.
Ukuba ukungcoliseka kwento kuya kufakwe equleni, kuya kufuneka kucocwa. Xa amanzi amdaka athabatha i-HOORTON COORORTER yokubulala iintsholongwane. Intsholongwane yenziwe yi-SES Iingcali ze-SES (i-Chlorine Lime isetyenziselwa le nkqubo). Emva kokuphela kokubulala iintsholongwane, equleni kufuneka icocwe. Kule nto, amanzi aphuma kuyo, il nodaka basuswa ezindongeni. Emva kokucocwa kugqityiwe, kuyimfuneko ukwenza uhlalutyo lwamanzi elabhoratri ukuze uqiniseke ukuba uphendule.
Ukuphakamisa amanzi kwaye kuyityiwe endlwini, amaqula axhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokuphakamisa amanzi, okanye ngeempompo zombane zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo. Izixhobo zezandla ziyakhululeka zisebenza kwaye zinokusetyenziswa kuphela njengezixhobo zongxamiseko, kwimeko yokuphuma kwamandla. Ke ngoko, siya kushiya "amasango" kunye "neengcibi" kwinkundla yembali kwaye ziqhubela phambili kwiimpompo zokuhambisa amanzi.
Imithombo yamanzi
Imithombo yamanzi yahlulwe yangamachibi aphambili (amachibi, imilambo, amachibi) nangaphantsi komhlaba. Ngaphantsi komhlaba, emva koko, zahlulwe zaba ziindidi ezi-3: Amanzi aqulathwe kwelona liphezulu, umhlaba womhlaba; Amanzi angaphantsi komhlaba asimahla kunye noxinzelelo lwamanzi angena nzulu kunabo bonke abanye (abizwa ngokuba yi-rintepriptte, ekubeni inomda ovela ngasentla nangaphantsi kwe-rooforf yamanzi).
Ukwahlulwe ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi asekhaya kwendlu yelizwe umthombo wamanzi kufuneka athobele ezi mfuno zilandelayo:
- Inobuhlobo kwindalo, ingabinayo into eyenzakalisayo yezempilo, inani elikhulu lamasuntswana elinqunyanyisiweyo, kunye nongcoliseko olutshintsha umbala, amanzi evumba. Inani leeparamitha zokusela ezilawulwa ngokweemfuno ze-SANPIN N 4630-88 "Ukukhuselwa kwamanzi angaphezulu kongcoliseko" kubalwa ngabantu abaninzi abaninzi. Ukuchonga ngokuchanekileyo ukuba ingaba amanzi afanelekileyo kulo mthombo ukusela, kuphela ngoncedo olusenziwa ilabhoratri ekhethekileyo (uhlalutyo oluneenkcukacha ze-23-25 iya kuxabisa umthengi kwi- $ 40-50).
- Nikeza inani lokuhamba elizinzileyo lamanzi lonke ixesha lokusetyenziswa komthombo wamanzi. Ukuvavanya inqanaba lokuhamba, umsebenzi we-hydrogeogists iya kudinga, enokwenza uhlalutyo oluchanekileyo okanye oluchanekileyo lwezinto ezenziweyo ze-aquifer ngokusekwe kwiimpawu ze-geological jikelele kunye ne-gedesic yendawo. Ixabiso lale nkonzo (ngokuhamba kweengcali kule ndawo) yi- $ 50-100.
Ukuba umthombo umelwe ukuba usetyenziswe ixesha elide, kuyacaca ukuba phantsi kolungelelwaniso lwayo kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo kungekuphela nje ukubunjwe kumanzi kuphela, kodwa notshintsho lwayo kwixesha elizayo . Le njongo kufuneka igqitywe yindawo ephantsi yomhlaba onobungozi: Iinkqubo zokucoca ukutya mboleko (i-septic, i-piespools, imithombo yezichumiso, iifama zemfuyo, amangcwaba, amangcwaba, amangcwaba. Indawo yokuthatha amanzi kufuneka isuswe kuyo yonke imisebenzi enjalo ubuncinci i-50 m ngaphezulu komjelo wamanzi aphantsi komhlaba. Ukongeza, iintshukumo zamanzi azinakulungiswa kwiindawo ezichazwe kwizikhukula, kwimigxobhozo, kufutshane neendlela zamanzi, kunye neemitha ezingama-30 ukusuka kwiindlela zendlela ezihamba kakhulu. Kuzo zonke iimeko, indawo yokutyibilika kwamanzi kufuneka ilungelelaniswe nommeli weSithili. Xa kusenziwa isigqibo sokuqina kwamanzi, ulufundo olufanelekileyo lomzimba, iikhemikhali kunye nenkonzo ye-bacteriologing iya kwenziwa ngabaqeshwa benkonzo yesohlwayo kunye nobhubhani (ukuba kuya kuthathwa ukuba amanzi aya kusetyenziswa kuphela ukunkcenkceshela, akuyimfuneko ukuqhuba uhlalutyo ).
Olona phawu luhlobo lwendalo ngamanzi kwiplastiki. Amanzi angaphantsi komhlaba angenasimahla anokusebenza kwiimfuno zoqoqosho nesela, kodwa ufuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo.
Iimpompo zokubonelela ngamanzi
Kukho uhlobo oluthile loyilo oluphambili lwe-Pumps yokubonelela ngamanzi ukusuka kwi-Wells: I-Pumps yePumps ye-Pumps (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-7 m) kwaye inyuke (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-9 m) ubunzulu bobunzulu; Iimpompo zomphezulu zikhulu (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-45-50 m) ubunzulu bobunzulu; I-sumpledle (kakuhle) impompo.Ngamnye kubo unezibonelelo zalo ezisebenzayo kwaye engalunganga.
Impompo zokuzimela ngokwakho. Ezi zixhobo zithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabavelisi kunye nabathengi. Bahluke kakhulu kwiindleko eziphantsi (ngama-30-50% asezantsi kuneyona phumela i-pumpssity enesisu), ukulula kusetyenziso lofakelo kunye nokusebenza (kuba zisebenza kumgangatho omkhulu), ukusebenza okuphezulu. Xa uqala okokuqala, kufuneka ugalele amanzi kwimpompo enjalo ukuzalisa imibhobho ye-suction. Xa uvula ifowuni uya kunciphisa. Izihloko zezi zixhobo zinokuchazwa kubude obungabinakho ukubanjwa-kungadluli kwi-7 m. Ukwengeza, xa imibhobho yamanzi ikwindawo ebukhali ngexesha lasebusika iyafuneka .
Ngokwendlela yokupeyinta i-fluid, ipompo engaphezulu esetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngamanzi izindlu zelizwe zahlulwe yiCentrifugal kunye ne-vortex. Bahluke omnye komnye ngesixhobo sokusebenza (mpompong) ivili kunye nomlinganiso wentshukumo yolwelo. Kwizithuba eziphezulu eziphezulu, ulwelo lungena kwinxalenye ephakathi yomqhubi, ifakwe ngamaBlade, enike i-blifishery yegumbi lokusebenza. I-pumpsfroof yamanzi i-impleller ineebhloko ze-radial rafrial. Uyilo lwabo lonto, luwela kwindawo ye-opacker, i-lowolelo iqala ukuhamba okujikelezayo, inyibilikisi "i-"iny" (enika igama lolu hlobo lwezixhobo), edibanisa ukuhamba kwesishwankathelo, yenza ukuhamba okunamandla yamanzi. Ngobuchwephesha obufanayo bomxhasi, iiplanga ze-vrtex ziyakwazi ukudala amaxesha ama-2-4 uxinzelelo olukhulu kune-centrifagal efanayo.
Ukuba uthelekisa i-centrifugal kunye ne-certex pumps zezalathiso ezifanayo zoxinzelelo, kulula ukubona ukuba i-vortex ingaphezulu kakhulu i-centrifugal. Ukucamagushela okunjalo kubonakala kwixabiso le-upers ye-vortex kuzo zonke ezinye izikhombisi ezilinganayo ze-2-3 tiaper kune-centrifugal. Nangona kunjalo, iipompos ze-vrtex zineziphumo ezibalulekileyo. Ezi zixhobo zifuna kakhulu ukucoceka kolwelo oluqhutywa. Ukubetha rhoqo kwanezixa-mali ezincinci zamasuntswana okumiswayo kukhokelela kutshintsho ngokuthe ngcembe kwiJometri enobunzima bamabala, ngenxa yoko le nto iphulukene nayo. Ezi ndlela zilungile ekutyibilikeni amanzi esele zigcwele, kodwa akulunganga. Enye into engenakhekele yingxolo xa usebenza - i-curtex ripples yenza isandi esivakalayo nengathandekiyo kakhulu sendlela ephezulu kakhulu. Impompo ye-vortex kwindlu yokuhlala engenammelwane. Umzekelo wempompo wolu hlobo unokusebenza njengoluhlu lwe-St (CACEDDA, e-Itali), i-KPM (i-Speali (i-Itali), i-Astra, i-Itali). I-pumps egqwesileyo (ngaphandle kwe-ejector) iquka iimodeli zoluhlu lwe-CDX (e-Itali, eJapan), i-ch i (i-ch i (i-chmark), i-MC (i-MC (iJamani).
Ukunyuka (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-9 ukuya kwengama-10 m) ubunzulu bokwamkelwa kweempompo zazo zonke iintlobo zimiselwa bubukho besixhobo esongezelelweyo kubo. Amanzi atyelwe kwigalelo le-nozctor's cozzle, apho ngendlela ye-jet eyomeleleyo iwele kwi-cavity exhunyiwe kumbhobho we-intlet, apho kunikezelwa khona iimeko ezilungileyo zokwamkela amanzi. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye iindleko zesixhobo sonyuka nge-10-15%. I-KNSOS, ixhotywe nge-ejector (zihlala zibizwa, zihlala zibizwa, iimpompo ze-ejector) zibandakanya iimodeli (i-GP (i-GET (NCET (i-Itali), iJexm (eBara).
Iimpompo zobunzulu bobunzulu. Ngapha koko, yindibaniselwano yeempompo ezimbini, i-pumpling ye-inkit ye-inkit. Impompo yomphezulu iqhagamshelwe kwi-ejector engacocekanga yangaphandle enemibhobho emibini. Enye yazo isebenza ukubonelela ngamanzi, kwi-ejector, kunye nokwenza i-jet jet phaya, kwaye yesibini - yokuphakamisa amanzi, inxenye yenethiwekhi ithunyelwe kwinethiwekhi yokusetyenziswa. Ukudityaniswa kwempompo yomphezulu kunye nequlane equleni (kakuhle) le-inkit ye-inkit ivumela ukuba unyuse amanzi kubunzulu obude ukuya kwi-50 m. Umzekelo wezixhobo yi-NGM (i-CACLDDA) ye-NGM (iJapan -Land), i-JDW (PDW (i-Pedrollo) - yonke i-Itali, i-Aqua Jet (TCL, United Kingdom).
Nokuba sele kutshanje (kwiminyaka embalwa eyadlulayo), iimpompo zendlela enobunzima kakhulu yayithandwa kakhulu ngabathengi. Ikwacacisiwe, ubukhulu becala ixabiso eliphezulu lokukhuphisana qondo sumples Ngoku imeko yentengiso itshintshe kakhulu. I-pumpsing upmps iwile kakhulu (amaxesha ama-2-3) kwaye ke ngoko, i-suble subles ephakamileyo iphulukene nesibongozo sabo. Ngapha koko, xa kuthelekiswa ne-subershansensensense, banezinto eziluncedo. Okokuqala, bonke badala "kakhulu", umsebenzi ophulukana nozinzo xa ungena kwi-ejector ye-moya. Okwesibini, ukonyuka kubunzulu bobunzulu, banciphisa ukusebenza (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-25%).
Njengazo naziphi na ezinye iimpompo zomphezulu, ezi zixhobo zifuna ukuthintela izindlu ezivela kwi-frezing. Kodwa iimpompo zobunzulu obuphezulu zesonkangelelwe kuphela ezinokufakwa endlini, nokuba iqula likumgama onesidima (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-30-50 m). Ukuba iqula likude kakhulu, ilahleko yokulahleka kobude bombhobho iya kuba inkulu kakhulu (kule meko, akukho kumgca omnye wombhobho, kodwa zimbini). Ukunciphisa ukuphulukana noxinzelelo lwamanzi ngobude bombhobho, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa imibhobho kwiplasitiki yobubanzi, ekwakukhokelela kuxabiso lwesixhobo sonke.
Well Pumps. Oku kucocekile kwi-typigual pumpssifulis, enzelwe ngokukodwa ukupeyimba amanzi acocekileyo kwimithombo yequla, amagumbi okuqokelelwa kwentwasahlobo (iitanki zokuqokelelwa kwamanzi entwasahlobo), itanki lamanzi. Izixhobo zineempawu zobugcisa ezizahlula, zithi, ukusuka kwi-submermed subser kunye nefestile. Iimpompo ezilungileyo zibalwa kwimpompo yamanzi enesitayile esiqinileyo se-100-150 g / m3. Ngokwesiqhelo ezo zixhobo zenzelwe "kwintsapho enye." Yiyo loo nto izalathisi ezihambelana nokusetyenziswa kwamanzi okubaliwe kunye noxinzelelo eziveliswe yimpompo. Umndilili weposti yokwasebenza kakuhle ubonelela ngamanzi ama-2-6m3 ngeyure kwaye udale uxinzelelo kwi-50-70 m (ukuthelekisa i-pumpsm) inesikhundla se-10 ukuya kwi-20 / h, kodwa kunokwenzeka ukunciphisa kuphela i-5-10 m kuphela. I-knight upeps impompo yoludwe "Aquarius" ("Djilex", iRussia), iRussia), I-Rusnd (i-Itali), Pratika (Nocchi). Ewe kunjalo, iimpompo ezininzi ezihlaseneyo ezenziwa zezinye iifemu zingasetyenziswa kunye ne-HIV.
Iimpompo ezilungileyo zenzelwe ukusebenza kwexesha elide kwimeko yokuntywiliselwa ngokupheleleyo emanzini. Amanzi yimeko enobundlongondlongo, ngenxa yoko kwandiswa iimfuno zokuthembeka kwazo zonke izinto zesixhobo. Iivili ezisebenzayo zempompo zequla kakuhle zenziwa kwiplastiki enganyangekiyo (ye-trand yenkampani ye-Italian ATT) okanye intsimbi engenasitali (i-MXS, i-MXS, i-MXS, i-MXS, i-MXS, i-MXS, i-MXS, i-MXS, i-MXS, i-MXS, i-MXS, i-MXS, i-MXS, i-MXS. Iivili zensimbi yomelele, iplastiki yenziwa "ngeplanga" (njengezikhabhathi zombane) - i-backlash ivumela ukuba "bayeke" kumasuntswana enkonzo.
Isimo esibalulekileyo sempompo yequla ikwasebenza kakuhle. Zonke iintlobo ze "Beats" zezidumbu kufuneka zingafakwanga, nakuphi na ukuginya amanzi okuginya amanzi kwaye kuphakamisa i-sediment. Le ndawo yembono ye-pumpration (eyiyo, uhlobo lwezixhobo lubandakanya iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zasekhaya "zabantwana" kunye "namandla" adluliselwa emanzini ngexesha lokuhamba kwe-piston valve) akucetyiswa ngokuqhubekayo Ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi okubambisa. Inyani yile yokuba ngokusetyenziswa rhoqo kukho ukufunxa okukhawulezayo kwempumlo yequla. Ngaphantsi kwempembelelo yentshukumo, "ukuhlengahlengisa kwakhona" kunye nokupakisha "okungakumbi" kwamasuntswana omhlaba ezenza ii-sediments zenziwe ezantsi (umzekelo, xa ubeka umxube wekhonkrithi). Ukongeza, iqhiphuke amasuntswana amahle asezantsi athatyathwa ngamanzi ngoku, engcoliseka kwaye, awela kwi-mimbamba, abe ngumthwalo owongezelelweyo kwinkqubo yonyango lwamanzi.
Ukukhetha izixhobo zokumpompa
Iiparamitha eziphambili ze-pumps zibandakanya ukutya kwalo (ukusetyenziswa) kunye noxinzelelo. Ukwazi la maxabiso, ungaqala ukukhetha uhlobo oluthile lwesixhobo.
Njani ukufumanisa indlela yokuhamba okufunekayo kunye nempompo yempompo? Ngoncedo, olulula, kufanele ukuba lilingane nenani leendleko zako konke kwangenisa ngaxeshanye zibandakanya iindawo ezibonisa ngayo kwiNdlu. Bala ukuba zingaphi kwezi ngcaciso zingaphezulu, oko kukuthi, iimpompo zamanzi kwigumbi lokuhlambela, kwindlu yangasese, ekhitshini, musa ukulibala ukwenza ishawari, itanki, itanki lokuhlamba amanzi. Phinda-phinda inani lezinto ezikhoyo kwi-0.8 (Ngokomndilili, kuya kufuneka ubandakanye yonke nge-0.6E0.8) kunye nexabiso lokuhamba kwenqaku le-0.6 m3 / h. Isiphumo sisiphumo kunye nokusetyenziswa okufunekayo. Ukuziqhelanisa kubonisa ukuba usapho lwabahlanu "luphawu olufanelekileyo" luluhlu lwamanzi, ngokulandelelana, impompo ngonikezelo lwe-2.4-3m3 / h iyafuneka.
Uxinzelelo olufunwayo lusongelwa kwizinto ezintathu. Okokuqala, kufuneka wazi ukuba zingaphi iimitha ezifunwayo ezifuna ukuphakamisa amanzi kwi-pump yokukhuphela kweyona ndawo iphakamileyo yendawo yokuhambisa amanzi endlwini. Emva koko kunyanzelekile ukuba uthathele ingqalelo uxinzelelo lokusebenza kwi-plumbing, ilingane nemivalo emi-2 ubuncinci (ehambelana neemitha ezingama-20 zoxinzelelo) - uxinzelelo olunjalo luyafuneka ekusebenzeni kwezinto eziqhelekileyo. Icandelo lesithathu lengcinezelo ngaphaya kobude bemibhobho yamanzi, kwicandelo kunye neecandelo. Ezi zilahleko zenzeka ngenxa yesenzo samandla angxande, okwenzeka kumbhobho phakathi kokuhamba kolwelo kunye neendonga zombhobho. Ubude belahleko buxhomekeke kuburharha bezinto ezinombhobho, isantya samanzi, ububanzi kunye nobude bemibhobho yenziwe. Isuka kubungakanani bobukhulu belahleko kubude bendawo yokuzibamba, impendulo yombuzo ixhomekeke ekubeni i-Pip-Pip The pump yePhepha okanye iPump yePhepha. Okulandelayo, kuyimfuneko ukufumanisa ukuphakama kwempompo ngaphezulu kwesibuko lamanzi kunye nelahleko yoxinzelelo (kwi-M) kwindawo ye-suction, ukuze uthelekise amanani aphezulu kwaye uthelekise idiski yePasi yePasi ukuphakama kwentambo. Ukuba isalathisi sokuqala singaphezulu ngaphezulu, impompo yokuzingca ingasetyenziswa.
Makhe sichaze oku kumzekelo. Masithi unemitha ezingama-50 ukusuka kwindlu, impompo eqhelekileyo ibekwe kwinqanaba lenqanaba le-DARM, kubunzulu be-3 m, ukusetyenziswa okuqikelelweyo kwe-3m3 / h, imibhobho kufuneka isebenzise i-polymer, kunye Ububanzi bayo bangaphakathi abangama-26.2 mm. Ilahleko eqikelelweyo, ngokweenkcukacha zereferensi, ngereyithi yokuhamba kunye nohlobo lwemibhobho iya kuba yi-11 m nge-100 m nge-piipelip ubude. Nge-50 m yombhobho, ezi zinto zilahlekileyo ziya kulingana no-5.5 m. Sishwankathela ilahleko nobunzulu bamanzi, sifumana i-8 m. Ixabiso eligqithileyo Sebenzisa impompo yokuzingca.
Ukuba iqula likumgama weemitha ezingama-20 ukuya kwe-30 ukusuka endlwini, kwaye amanzi akuyo kwi-2-3 m, ukusetyenziswa kweempompo zokuziqhela komhlaba kuyinyani. Ukuba iqula likumgama oziimitha ezingama-50 ukusuka kwindlu, kwinqanaba elifanayo lamanzi, ukusetyenziswa kwempompo yokuzivocavoca ngaphakathi kwendlu sele kuyingxaki (yempendulo yokugqibela, imfuneko echanekileyo). Kumgama omde okanye ubunzulu, kunokwenzeka ukuba akunakwenzeka. Kule meko, umniniyo kufuneka akhethe phakathi kwe-pump yokuthoba impompo kunye nempompo kunye nobunzulu obukhulu bokunyanzelwa. Sikhankanya malunga nokusilela kwelokugqibela.
Ukuba unethamsanqa kunye nendawo yequla phantsi, kwaye amanzi akuyo akanakuthenga impompo yokuziphambuka komhlaba kwaye abeke kwenye indawo kwigumbi elingaphantsi. Ezo zixhobo zenziwa phantse kuzo zonke iifemu ezikhethekileyo ekwenzeni izixhobo zokumpompa. Ungakhankanya i-calpeda, i-Nocchi, i-Speani (Itali), i-Germark - i-Germark), i-Ebara (i-EBARA (i-wirac), i-Djilex (iRiali). Sikwanazo zombini iimpompo zahlukile kwaye zixhobise ngokupheleleyo iinkqubo zokubonelela ngamanzi ngokuzenzekelayo - ukuze zithethe, izikhululo zempompo ezincinci. Ukongeza kwimpompo ngokwayo, kukho itanki ye-hydroaccuculation (iya kuxoxwa ngezantsi) kunye nayo yonke ikhithi le-AURTATION kufuneka ulawule umsebenzi wobunzima nolawulo kulo msebenzi. Thenga onke amacandelo ofakelo lwamagumbi okanye kwiseti enye- njengoko besitsho, ityala lokungcamla. Ukutshelwa komzi-mveliso wokufakwa kuphelisa ukubakho kofakelo olungachanekanga. Icala eliqinileyo, ezi zifakelo zixhotyiswe ngetanki eqokelelweyo ye-hydro yomthamo omncinci (ngokufuthi zingaphezulu kweelitha ezingama-24, nangona kunjalo, ekufakweni kweJETA ye-HATRON, itanki isetyenziswa ngamandla angama-50 l) , kwaye ayifanelanga ukuba igcinwe kumthamo wetanki.
Ukuhanjiswa kwempompo kubizwa ngokuba yivolumu yevolumu ye-fluid kwicandelo ngalinye. Ingcinezelo ibizwa ngokuba kukunyuswa kwecandelo elithile (elinxulumene neyunithi ye-Mass) yamandla oomatshini bokuhamba kwempompo, okanye inani elipheleleyo lamandla elixelwe yimpompo yolwelo. Isuswe kwiimitha zekholam yamanzi, uxinzelelo lubonisa ukuphakama apho ulwelo lunokuphakanyiswa khona usebenzisa esi sixhobo:
H = (P2 - P1) / (r g) + (v21 - v22) / 2G + Z. apha i-P1, i-P1, i-P2, i-P1, i-P2, i-P2, i-P2, i-P2, i-P2, i-P: PO; V1, v2 velocity yolwelo kumacandelo afanayo, m / s; Ukuxinana kwe-RAID, kg / m3; Umgama othe nkqo phakathi kwemilinganiselo yoxinzelelo p1 kunye ne-P2, m; I-G-Ukukhawulezisa umxhuzulane, m / s2.
Ilahleko yamandla kwi-polymer kunye nemibhobho yamanzi ensimbi
| Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi, m3 / h | Imibhobho yePolymer | Imibhobho yamanzi entsimbi | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ububanzi be-inile, mm | Ububanzi bezinto ezithile, i-intshi | ||||||||
| 20.4 | 26,2 | 32.6 | 40.8. | 1/2 | I-3/4 | Nye | 1 1/4 | 1 1/2 | |
| 0,6 | I-1,8. | I-0,66 | I-0.27 ..27. | I-0.085 | I-9,91 | 2.407 | I-0,784. | - | - |
| I-0.9 | ezine | I-1,14 | 0,6 | I-0.18. | I-20,11 | 4,822. | I-1,57. | I-0.416. | - |
| I-1,2 | 6,4. | I-2,2 | I-0.9 | I-0.28. | 33.53. | I-8,035 | I-2,588. | I-0,677 | 0.346. |
| I-1,8. | 13 | 4.6 | 1.9 | I-0.57. | I-69,34. | 16.5 | I-5,277 | I-1,379 | 0,7 |
| I-2,4. | 22. | 7.5 | I-3,3. | I-0.93 | - | 27,66. | 8,82. | I-2,29 | I-1,16 |
| 3. | 37. | Shumi elinanye | 4.8. | I-1,4. | - | 41,4. | I-13,14 | I-3,403. | I-1,719 |
| 3.6 | 43. | Shumi elinantlanu | 6.5 | 1.9 | - | I-57.74 | I-18,28 | I-4,718 | I-2,375 |
| 4,2 | Amashumi amahlanu | Shumi elinesibhozo | Sibhozo | 2.5 | - | I-76,49. | I-24,18 | I-6,231 | I-3,132 |
| 4.8. | 25. | 10.5 | 3. | - | - | 30.87. | 7.94 | I-3,998 | |
| I-5,4. | Amashumi amathathu | 12 | 3.5 | - | - | 38.3. | I-9,828. | I-4,927 | |
| Idolo phantsi kwe-90, i-switf-scings | Nye | Nye | 1,1 | I-1,2 | I-1,3 | ||||
| I-Tees, i-valves | ezine | ezine | ezine | Ntlanu | Ntlanu | ||||
| * - amanani abonisa ilahleko ye-PION (kwi-M) kuyo yonke i-100 m pipeling. Ukuphulukana namandla kwimbotyi kunye nokuqiniswa, kubonakaliswe kubude obuhambelana nombhobho othe ngqo (kwi-M), zidweliswe kwimiqolo emibini yokugqibela yetafile |
Kuluhlu lwemodeli
Ngokwengcinezelo evelisiweyo, iimpompo zamanzi zazo zonke iintlobo zahlulwe zaphantsi- (H i-20 m), ephakathi- (H = M) kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu (H 60 m). Ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi okuhlathi, okuphakathi kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu luyasetyenziswa. Olona xinzelelo luphezulu olwenziwe ngamaplanga ozimeleyo kunye nezixhobo zokubonelela ngamanzi asekwe emanzini angama-40-50 m. Ke, eyona mpompo yempompo yempompo ye-JP5 (igrindi) ingama-43 m; Imodeli stm 61/8 (i-calpeda) yi-41 m; I-HWJ 301 impompo (i-wilo) - i-45 m. Iimpompo ezincinci zenza uxinzelelo oluncinci-kwiinkokeli ze-Idrogo M40 (EBARA) ngoxinzelelo olungaphezulu kwe-70-80 m (umzekelo, ukuba iqula likumgama obonakalayo ukusuka ekhaya) ngokufuthi lisebenzisa iimpompo zoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Ngendlela, ngomgama omkhulu ukuya equleni, impompo nge-ejector yangaphandle isebenza ngempumelelo.Ukukhetha impompo engaphezulu, kufanelekile ukunikela ingqalelo kwizinto zezindlu zayo. Inokukhutshwa intsimbi okanye intsimbi engenasimo. Ityala lentsimbi inzima, ukongeza, i-iron yentsimbi ithethwe ngakumbi ekunikezelweni kweetyiwa eziqulathwe emanzini. Kodwa imeko enjalo ingaphantsi "nengxolo", kwaye ukuba impompo yeempompo zikufuphi negumbi lokulala, ngalo mzuzu kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo.
Ngomntu xa kukhethwe impompo, ubungakanani bayo bunokuba njalo. Phakathi kwezona ndlela zeplastiki ze-MQ ziimodeli ze-MQ (i-grindfos) ngemilinganiselo yobungakanani ye-572232 cm. Ezi seti zinokubekwa ngokoqobo kwishelufu yekhitshi.
Xa ukhetha impompo yokuthembana, kuyimfuneko ukugxila kwizinto ezizenziwe kulo i-implermer-kunye ne-zungulelo ephezulu emanzini axhonywe, kungcono ukusebenzisa izixhobo zentsimbi ezingenazibala. Unokukhetha kwakhona impompo esekwe kuyilo lwe-injini yayo kunye nenxalenye ye-hydraulic (i-impleller, umbhobho we-rifter ene-rille). Ukuba inqaku le-hydraulic lilapha ngezantsi, i-injini ipholile ngamanzi atyhafileyo. Inkqubo yokupholisa elinje (i-pumps "I-Buran" ukusuka "DJLEKS" kunye ne-MXS ukusuka kwi-CAMPDA) i-PARDS KWI-PARDSE), i-DJQURE PHUPHA EZIQHELEKILEYO ). Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokulunga kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukusebenza kwempumelelo kwenkqubo yokupholisa kubonakaliswa kuphela kwiimeko zentshukumo encinci yolwelo, umzekelo kwiqula elimxinwa; Equleni, umahluko awuphawuni. Icala eliqinileyo, esezantsi kwizindlu kukho indawo yokutya amanzi, kokukhona inokwenzeka into yokuba amasuntswana afakwe amasuntswana ale mpompo afuna indawo eqhutywa ngamanzi nge-0.5-1 m.
Ixabiso elipheleleyo lekhithi yezixhobo ye-pump yokwahlulahlula idla ngokuphakathi kancinci kunempompo yenzuzo enzulu. Kwangelo xesha, izinto ezongeziweyo ezisetyenziswa kwinkqubo ethile yokubonelela ngamanzi zinefuthe elibonakalayo kwixabiso lokugqibela. Siza kugxila kubo.
Izixhobo kunye nokufakwa kweempompo
Eyona nkcukacha ibaluleke kakhulu kulo lonke ufakelo lwempompo lubandakanya iitanki ze-hydroacculatoring (i-hydroaccucucucucucucucucucucucucucucungs), iVolds, Izixhobo zomileyo ezivela kwinethiwekhi, kunye ne-voltage (kunye neGuqula loTyelelo).
Ukubalwa kwexabiso lezinto zobugcisa zenkqubo yokubonelela ngamanzi usebenzisa i-EuroJet kakuhle (i-itali pompe, e-Itali)
| N. | Igama lemveliso | Inani le | Iiyunithi. utshintsho | Ixabiso, $ | Iindleko, $ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nye | I-Eurojet Pum | Nye | I-PC. | 264. | 264. |
| 2. | Ifanelekile i-11/4 "-11/4" pp brass | Nye | I-PC. | I-2,12 | I-2,12 |
| 3. | Jonga i-valve vre 32 | Nye | I-PC. | 8.14. | 8.14. |
| ezine | I-Adapter Phu i-PER PA 401 "p | Nye | I-PC. | I-3,36. | I-3,36. |
| Ntlanu | I-Adapter Phu i-Pree 4011/4 »P | Nye | I-PC. | I-3,49. | I-3,49. |
| 6. | Galnik Phu i-40 | 2. | I-PC. | I-5,68. | 11.35 |
| 7. | Phu PND okanye 40 PN 125 | 28. | M. | I-2,13 | I-59,64. |
| Sibhozo | I-Steel Stainess Intambo 4.5mm | Amashumi amabini | M. | I-1,94 | 38.80 |
| Thoba | I-5-pin r5v efanelekileyo | Nye | I-PC. | I-3,3. | I-3,3. |
| 10 | IMada 50/6 uxinzelelo lwe-gege | Nye | I-PC. | I-4,15 | I-4,15 |
| Shumi elinanye | I-FCG 2 uxinzelelo olupheleleyo | Nye | I-PC. | 9.35 | 9.35 |
| 12 | Hose tf 800 fc ngentsimbi. I-bid zinc. | Nye | I-PC. | 10.31 | 10.31 |
| 13 | I-VEC 50 v hyddumaccucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucugu | Nye | I-PC. | 76,48. | 76,48. |
| Iyonke | I-494,49. | ||||
| Phawula. Impompo yokusebenza-3M3 / h, uxinzelelo, i-50 m. Ubunzulu bequla-20 m, imibhobho ejikelezayo ezimbini, endlwini - amanqaku amabini asekwe emanzini. |
Izixhobo zokhuseleko ezivela kwi "Stroke eyomileyo" (Sebenza ngokulungileyo, ngaphandle kwamanzi) kunye netsifo zevolthi kwinethiwekhi zenzelwe ukuba zenze umsebenzi wempompo. I-Pumps zePumps zinikezelwa kwiCandelo loLawulo olude lokwenza izinto ezenzekelayo, ezifakwe ngaphakathi (ukusebenza ngokulula). I-Ktakov ibandakanya izixhobo ze-idromati (i-CACLEDA), i-LC (i-GAGODFO), i-fluidfontrol (i-FAILO), i-q1epm, i-q1ept (MWR, Italy). Phakathi koqoqosho, bahluke kuluhlu lweenqobo ezichaziweyo zoxinzelelo lwamanzi (ukusuka kwi-0.05 ukuya kwi-16 bar), ixesha lokuphendula "libalekayo, esi sisalathisi siyi-8-10 imizuzwana ), kunokwenzeka ukuba uhlengahlengise iiparamitha ezilawulwa kwaye, ngokufanelekileyo, ixabiso ($ 130- 300). Ikwabonisa uhlobo lwe-injini esetyenziswe kwimpompo. Umzekelo, imodeli ye-Q1EEPM yenzelwe isigaba esinye, kunye ne-Q1ept- ukufumana i-compors yombane.
Izixhobo ezongeziweyo ezixhotyiswe ngeempompo zepompo zibandakanya i-valves yokujonga. Bayakuthintela i-protit yokukhupha amanzi ukuhambisa amanzi xa impompo imisiwe. Ngamanye amaxesha ukuthembeka okuninzi, ukubonelelwa kwamanzi okuhambisa kuxhotywe kwaoko ngeevavu ezimbini zokujonga-enye ibekwe kwangoko emva kwempompo yendlu. Ukubuyela umva kwezinto zokutshixa ze-valve kunokwenziwa ngeplastiki okanye ye-brass, kwaye ubhedu lujongwa njengento enokuthenjwa. Phakathi kwabavelisi beevalves zokujonga baneenkampani ezininzi ezivela e-Itali: iBugitti, FIV, Rastelli, ivr, i-IVR. Amaxabiso okutshekisha iivalve axhomekeke kububanzi bokusebenza kombhobho kwaye abekwe kwiimveliso ze-brass kuluhlu ukusuka kwi-2 yeemveliso ze- $ 2 (nge-1/2) kwi-10 yeedola).
Ukuqhagamshela i-elektrocable, ubushushu buyehlise okanye busetyenziselwe ukugcwala. Intambo yokutya kufuneka ibe ne-2 yeengxwabanqwanqa, kwaye iqokobhe layo alifanele lichaphazele iipropathi ze-organoleptic zamanzi. Kwiimpompo ezingaphezulu, kukho "i-eurorese" eyaneleyo "yokuphambana.
Uyilo loxinzelelo lusisihloko esahlukileyo, ngokuqinisekileyo siya kubuyela kuyo.
Ukubalwa kweendleko zezinto zobugcisa zenkqubo yokubonelela ngamanzi kusetyenziswa impompo enzulu i-20 nge-20 nge-29 (i-calpeda) nge-ejector yangaphandle
| N. | Igama lemveliso | Inani le | Iiyunithi. utshintsho | Ixabiso, $ | Iindleko, $ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nye | Impompo engama-20 nge-20 nge-ejector | Nye | I-PC. | 249,46. | 249,46. |
| 2. | Jonga i-valve vre 25 | Nye | I-PC. | I-5,17 | I-5,17 |
| 3. | Ifanelekile i-1 "-1" PP BROSS | Nye | I-PC. | Nye | Nye |
| ezine | Ukubuyela umva kwigridi ye-valve | Nye | I-PC. | 1.09. | 1.09. |
| Ntlanu | I-PND PND i-40 PN 125 | 28. | M. | I-2,13 | I-59,64. |
| 6. | I-PND ye-PN i-32 PN 12.5 | 28. | M. | I-1,4. | 39,20 |
| 7. | Galnik Phu i-40 | 2. | I-PC. | I-5,68. | 11.36 |
| Sibhozo | Galnik Phu i-32 | 2. | I-PC. | I-3,25 | 6.50 |
| Thoba | I-Adapter Reti 321 "m (Brass) | Nye | I-PC. | I-3,64. | I-3,64. |
| 10 | I-adaptha i-R15 1/4 »M (Brass) | Nye | I-PC. | 6. | 6. |
| Shumi elinanye | I-adapter re 321 "p (brass) | Nye | I-PC. | I-3,76. | I-3,76. |
| 12 | I-Adapter Refu i-401 "p | Nye | I-PC. | 6. | 6. |
| 13 | I-TIT ENTONI 1 "- 1", 11/4 "- 11/4" | Nye | I-PC. | 12.93 | 12.93 |
| Iyonke | 405,75 | ||||
| Phawula. I-Pump yokuSebenza - i-1,2m3 / h, uxinzelelo-48 m. I-30 m, i-pipeliline enemipu emibini, endlini - iimpompo zamanzi). |
Ukubalwa kweendleko zenkqubo yokubonelela ngamanzi usebenzisa i-Pip PumpIC ye-Pump ye-Pump yePump ye-WP ye-WP 45/43 (Nocchi)
| N. | Igama lemveliso | Inani le | Iiyunithi. utshintsho | Ixabiso, $ | Iindleko, $ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nye | I-WP 45/43 MC Pumpting Isikhululo | Nye | I-PC. | I-148.5 | 148.50 |
| 2. | I-PND ye-PN i-32 PN 12.5 | Shumi elinantlanu | M. | I-1,4. | 21.00. |
| 3. | I-Adapter Phu 321 "p | 2. | I-PC. | I-1,93 | I-3,86. |
| ezine | Galnik Phu i-32 | 2. | I-PC. | I-3,25 | 6.50 |
| Ntlanu | Jonga i-valve vre 25 | Nye | I-PC. | I-5,17 | I-5,17 |
| 6. | Ukubuyela umva kwigridi ye-valve | Nye | I-PC. | 1.09. | 1.09. |
| Iyonke | I-186,1 | ||||
| Phawula. Umthamo wesitishi yi-2,4 m3 / h, uxinzelelo luyi-45 m. Ubunzulu be-Tydro-itayitile ye-hydro eqokeleleyo - 24 l; Indawo yokuhlala yempompo yenziwa nge-iron. |