Yintoni "echanekileyo"? Izixhobo zokutshixa, izihlokwana zomnyango, iilogo kunye neling. Iindlela zesenzo, izixhobo, izisombululo zomyili.
I-1-Indlu yomnyango-Nob
Amanani Yazi yonke into. Ulwazi ngayo kunye namandla okushukumisa abantu kwindlu yokuhlala. Ke, yonke imihla umlinganiso wethu undwendwela idolophu yangasese, kangangoko isixhobo, ubuncinci izihlandlo ezili-10 izakumbeka ekhitshini. Amanani, ewe, baqikelela, kodwa kuyacaca ukuba yonke imihla sifumanisa ukuphindaphinda, kufutshane neengcango zamagumbi ethu.
Akukho nto siyithethayo, iFit Lingsy "yoLungelelo" ehlelwe ngokuqinileyo kwi-canva yobomi bethu. " Xa zonke ezi zitshixo kunye namaqhina alunge, asiziboni, kodwa kufanelekile ukuba kukho ubomi obusezantsi ngokukhawuleza buyasongelwa. Ukuvalwa kwe-lops ekhutshiwe, iminwe eyonzakeleyo kunye neengcango ezivaliweyo ezivaliweyo, ze zenzeka, kungekuphela kwiifilimu ezothusayo kuphela.
Ukuthintela iipali ezinkulu ukusuka emnyango "tlifles", xa uthenga kubalulekile ukukhetha izinto "ezilungileyo". Ifanele ithembeke, ilungele ukusebenza, indwendwe entle ayinakukwazi ukunikela ingqalelo kwi-chandelier etyebileyo okanye ifestile yegumbi lokulala elihle, kodwa umphatho womnyango uya kuwa emehlweni akhe. Ke ngoko, iingxaki zezinto ezifanelekileyo zihlala iingqondo zenjineli, abavelisi abaziwayo abaqulunqi behlabathi. Izixhobo zangaphambili (ezibizwa ngokuba zizixhobo kude kube kuvukelwe iinguqu zika-Okthobha) kwiingcango zangaphakathi kwaye ziya kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku.
I-Sesame, ivulekile!
Kutheni ufuna zonke iintlobo zeengcebiso, iinqaba, amanqatha? Impendulo icacile. Ivenkile yeVasserine yokuthengisa izixhobo ze-sungo zocango zinikezelwa ngeseti enkulu yezixhobo zokuvalela-ukusuka kwi-chenti ye-elf elula ukuya kwizitshixo ezinamacala aphezulu kunye namandla. I-ovareagents yezitshixo zokungena kweminyango yokungena ixelelwe kwinqaku elithi "Uvuyo Othule Lwe-Dousets".Kwiingcango zangaphakathi zezakhiwo, ezi ntlobo zilandelayo zezixhobo zokutshixa zisetyenziswa: ukudlulisa i-latch, i-letches kunye ne-Refuner (zifakwe kwiminyango yegumbi lokuhlambela kunye nezindlu zangasese) kunye "nezitshixo" eziqhelekileyo ezinesitshixo. Itshixiwe- ezona ndlela zokutshixa. Ngokwenyani, abayivali ucango, kodwa bagcinwe kuphela emcaweni. Izitshixo ziyintsomi, i-roller nemagnetic.
I-roller ibambe umnyango ngoncedo lwe-roller ejikelezayo (roller) elungisiwe ngentwasahlobo. I-Proversiation imeko ye-roller ikwi-roller yomnyango. Ukuvula umnyango, kubalulekile ukwenza umzamo wokutyhala i-roller emnyango rouse. Iziphumo ze-troller latch ilawulwa sisikhafu esekwe phambi kwekrikhi. Iminyango ene-latch yolu hlobo idla ngokuxhotyiswa ngesiphithi sesitulo.
I-Lales Latches Sebenzisa ulwimi oluqhutywayo, kunye nentwasahlobo eqingqiweyo. Ucango luvula ngokucinezela okanye ukuguqula isiphatho. Inzuzo yezi zixhobo phambi kwe-roller kunye nemagnethi yinto yokuvula umnyango wayo, masithi, phantsi kwempembelelo yedrafti. Nangona kunjalo, umntu uyakufuna oku, ngokuchaseneyo, ukungabi nakhonto. Ewe, njani ukuba kwintsapho yakho kukho umntwana omncinci, ongekafiki umnyango wesiphatho? Ukuhlelwa ngokungachanekanga kunokubangela uxinzelelo kuye. Icala eliqinileyo, imvume yesiphatho iyinto eyingxaki, kwaye ayifuni 'kutsala "iingcango kwakhona. Sombulula ingxaki iya kunceda i-lace, iqiniswe ekupheleni komda we-lever. Ukuziqhelanisa kubonisa ukuba nakubantwana, bakwazi ukuhamba, bayakwazi ukuvula kwaye bavale umnyango ngomtya onjalo.
Ukutshixa iminyango engaphakathi ngaphakathi, isetyenziswa njengamaqhosha aqhelekileyo anamaqhosha (achaphazela amatyala oyilo olubalaseleyo) kunye neevalve ezikhethekileyo. Iifom kunye noyilo lwangoku lunokubahluka. Iivalvers zahlukile kubume becandelo lentonga yokutshixa (iflethi), inqanaba lokungafikeleli 'kwi-rods layo ngokupheleleyo, kwezinye iimodeli lifikelelekile "kuphela Inxalenye yayo ephezulu). I-valves ezikhutshiweyo zibandakanya iindlebe zokuvalwa (ezi zakhiwo zisetyenziswa kumagumbi okusebenza). Kukho nezixhobo ezixhotywe ngaphandle komnyango ngophawu lokubhalwa: "Ukuxakeka", "ngokukhululekileyo". Ii-valve ezifanayo zazithandwa kakhulu kumagumbi oluntu (ngakumbi kubaphengululi baseSoviet Baltic States).
I-lale sutches kunye ne-refuiner ixhaphake kakhulu kwiigumbi lokuhlambela zale mihla. Ngokwesiqhelo baxhotywe ngesiphatho esinamacala amabini kunye neqhosha leSwivel. Ezi zixhobo ziyafumaneka njengabavelisi basekhaya nabangaphandle. Ixabiso le-Russian kunye ne-Belarusia legumbi lokuhlambela yi- $ 1.5-10 (iveliswe kwimithombo yefektri kwi-Kovrov, i-Brest, i-rigel "). Imveliso efanayo yeTurkey iya kuxabisa i- $ 4-20 (Kale, Mazini, Fiore). I-Spanish, iFinnish ne-Itali yase-Italishe yegumbi lokuhlambela kwi-10 yeedola (amaTaliyane yenziwe nguM.b.c, i-vallian, i-vallish Assa, iJade yaseJamani kunye nabanye abaninzi).
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-letch kunye ne-refuiner zinamanqwanqwa kunye neqhosha elakhelwe kwi-Rost. Ukunqongophala koyilo kunokubizwa ngokuba yisayizi encinci- oku kwenza ukuba kube nzima ukusebenzisa isibambo. Akukho xesha lokuthengisa kukho izixhobo ezifanayo ezivela eKale nakwi-TESA (Spain). Ixabiso-ukusuka kwi-4 ukuya kwi-10 yeedola.
Ngokubhekisele kwizitshixo zentengothi esitshixo, kwiskimu sayo yoyilo abafani kwizixhobo ezifanayo zefation. Umahluko kuphela ngokulula kwendlela yokutshixa, inqanaba lemfihlo yalo. Ngokutsho kuka-Gost 5089-97, iingcango zangaphakathi zivunyelwe ukusebenzisa izitshixo zeklasi ephantsi, yokuqala enezixhobo zokhuseleko ezincinci. Akumangalisi: Amasela nabakhweleli kufuneka baxhathise iingcango zokungena. Ngeetshixo zangaphakathi, ukuthoba komsebenzi kubaluleke kakhulu. Oku, amalungu azo ahamba ehamba ahlala enziwa ngobhedu kunye neentsimbi ezifanayo ezinokwazi ukuqinisekisa indlela ethe cwaka yoxolo.
Ngokwe-Gost 5089-97 ("Iikhampasi kunye neengcango zeengcango. Inkcazo"), i-latches "), iklasi yamandla ephantsi kufuneka ihlale ihleli, ubuncinci ngama-200000 amathambo okuvula. Kwakhona, izibambo kunye nee-latches ziyafuneka ukuba zibambe umzuzu wokujija ubuncinci i-15hm (Eli xabiso lihambelana nomthwalo kwi-1.5 kg esetyenzisiweyo kwi-lever ubude ubude.
Idesade
Izibambo zomnyango zahlukile komnye nolwakhiwo (izibakala, iibakara zendlela, zityhala i-Laseds), i-Push-Igumbi lokuSebenza), itekhnoloji yeMveliso, kunye nokukhusela ukuqhuba. Iimveliso zeenkampani Mandelli, Vallalli, Colombo, M.V.S.. .
Izikhuselo zeZikhundla azinanxalenye yeselula kwaye uyilo olulula kakhulu. I-stapple ye-p-factoun staples ithandwa kakhulu. Ngokwesiqhelo ubude bazo buvela kwi-1010 ukuya kwi-170 mm, ukuphakama (ngokuhambelana nenqwelomoya) - ukusuka kwi-40 ukuya kwi-60mm. Ukulula koyilo lwe-bracket ibeke umda onokwenzeka wokusebenzisa, kodwa ungabandakanyi nakuphi na ukwahlukana. Izithambisi ezivela kuluhlu olubanzi lwezixhobo zenziwa, eyona ithandwayo yintsimbi engenasibala kunye ne-chrome iqengqele. Ubume be-gondnd ye-bracket kunokuba zezona zahlukile, ukusuka kwixande lesiqhelo ukuya kwi-curves ezintsokothiweyo okanye imigca eyaphukileyo. Amafutha ombono ka-Ergonomics wombono we-ergonomics kwi-Pens-Braces ubuncinci ubuncinci. Eyokuqala ye-P-Bracket ene-P-biothed i-angles phantse ayinakwenzeka ukuba ibambelele kwimpahla yokunxiba. Okwesibini, ezi mveliso zicocekile kakhulu, zinokugcinwa ngokulula.
Kulula ukuyila izithambisi ezisisigxina ze-G ezisisigxina kunye namaqhosha-amaqhosha, abizwa ngokuba ngamanye amakhonkco. Elokugqibela, lenziwa ngentsimbi engenasibala kunye nengqolowa, idla ngokuqukwa kwiseti yokutshixa iintloko zokungena, kuba azoyiki nakuphi na "izenzo zoxolo".
Kolunye uhlobo lwesakhiwo sezixhobo zangaphakathi (zamandla akhuthazayo kunye neemfuno zokuntywila aziphezulu), zawa iipateni ezicinezelweyo kunye neqhosha le-robs. Izixhobo zazo zozibini iintlobo zezilwanyana zikhokelela kwi-lava le-lava yetshixa kwaye zenze ukuba ivuleke okanye ivale umnyango. Iimodeli ezifanayo nezemidlalo swavel zisetyenziswa ngendlela efanayo - enyanisweni kwahlukile kuyilo lwezinto esizenzayo isandla. Isibini sezinto ezinoxinzelelo sidityaniswe yintonga edlula emnyango. Ukuphakama kwesiphatho yi-50-55mm. Ubude bendawo yokusebenza ye-lever ye-M-subled ihlala yenziwa kwi-PAREAT (100-120m). Ucango luvula xa ucofa kwi-lever. Amaqhosha e-terble-amaqhosha ziintloko ezimbini ezijikelezileyo ezinxulumene nomnyango ngentonga. Ukuphakama kwabo kuyi-50-65mm, ububanzi beqhosha yi-50-65mm.
Ukukhetha kolu hlobo okanye olo hlobo lokuphatha luyintshukumo. Kufuneka inyangwe kuphela ukuba iziqulatho zoxinzelelo ziyakwazi ukugwetywa kunye nezambatho zomonakalo, kodwa zilungele ukusebenza, unokuvula ucango ngaphandle koncedo. Iimodeli eziguqukayo "zenkululeko" azivunyelwanga nabo, ke kumazwe amaninzi eYurophu, iingcango kumaziko oluntu amiselwe ukubonelela ngoxinzelelo lwezibambo zokuphumelela.
Iindlela kunye ne-levers yempembelelo
Izibambo zecango ziqhotyoshelwe kwi-800-100mmm ukusuka kumgangatho. I-gost ye-gost 14624-84 ifuna ukufakelwa kwesaba esidlangalaleni nakwizakhiwo zorhwebo kwi-1000mm ukusuka kumgangatho. Akukho zingcebiso kwi-fare yeengcango "zangasese", ke ngoko kufanelekile ukuba uqhubeke ngokwemigaqo ye-ergonomics, ethi: Ukhululekile xa umnyango evuliwe, isandla sivuliwe, isandla sivuliwe, isandla sivuliwe, isandla sivuliwe, isandla sivuliwe, isandla sivuliwe, isandla sivuliwe, isandla sivuliwe, isandla sivuliwe, isandla sivuliwe, isandla sivuliwe, isandla sivuliwe, isandla sivuliwe, isandla sivuliwe, isandla sivuliwe, isandla sivuliwe, isandla sivuliwe igobe kwi-elbow edibeneyo kwi-engile efanelekileyo. Ekugqibeleni ukuphakama kokufakwa kwezinto zixhomekeke kuphela ekukhuleni kwendlu yendlu.Umgama ukusuka kumda womnyango ukuya kwi-Axis ye-Axis igqitywe kuyilo lwesixhobo esiphambili kwaye liphakathi kwe-50-80 mm. Ukuqhutywa kwamaqhina okungahambelani nesitshixo kuyacetyiswa ukuba kuthunyelwe kumgama 8-120mm ukusuka kumda we-canvas (umgama omde ovela kumda, ngakumbi imigudu eya kuba yimfuneko yokuvula kwaye ivale umnyango ). INJONGO ZE-SWAVIILL Iingcango zeengcango zegumbi lemgangatho zegumbi ziqhotyoshelwe kwiPIN yeprofayile (isikwere) sisikere. I-ASAAMI SOCHETOSTE kwityala elinye icinezelwe kwiminyango yomelezwe kwiPIN yeprofayili enezindlu zokuvalwa ngezitshisi (okokugqibela, kunokuthenjwa ", kuba kunjalo kukhethwa sisiseko sothando samaJamani). Ngeengcango zikaKumkani, izithambisi ezizimeleyo ziboshwe ngezikrelemnqa, kunye ne-fale yefayili, uqhagamshelo olucekeceke lusetyenziswa ngemikhono enikiweyo. Kwenza ukuba kube nzima ukufikelela kwisiphatho kwaye sikhulule 'abangaphandle ", kodwa, kodwa, kunjalo, asinakuthathwa njengomqobo onamandla kumngxunya. Ke ngoko, xa ukungathandeki komnyango kubalulekile, kuqinisekisile ukusebenzisa iimodeli ezisisigxina kwisikhafu sokuqinisa isikrini esikhuselweyo sinelingi.
Into ephambili kukuba intle
Ukujonga kwivenkile enye okanye enye iseti yentloko ye-Interterm okanye iminyango yokungena, kufuneka ukhumbule la manqaku alandelayo:
Kuxhomekeka kufakelo lomnyango, iisampulu zemnyango ngelungelo okanye lasekhohlo zinokufunwa (oku kusebenza kwizixhobo zefa). Khetha isibambo ngokwendlela yoyilo lomnyango.
Ezinye iintloko ezimbini zenzelwe ukuba zenzelwe ukunyusa iminyango yobukhulu obahlukeneyo (ukusuka kwi-55 ukuya kwi-80mm). Qiniseka ukuba ucacisa ukuba izinto ezikhethiweyo zilungele umnyango wakho.
Indlela yokutshixa eyenziwe ngemeko (i-latch yegumbi) iqhuba kakuhle, ethe cwaka kwaye ngaphandle komzamo omkhulu. Intwasahlobo yesitshixo ngokuzimeleyo ibuyisela isibambo kwisikhundla sayo sokuqala. Umzuzu kwisiphatho masingabi ngaphezu kwe-3nm.
Ulwimi lokutshixa kufuneka lususwe ngokupheleleyo kwi-Groove xa ujika isibambo kwi-engile, engagqithanga kwi-45. Incinci le Angle, ukusebenza kakhulu komnyango wesango. Ayidluli kubungakanani be-20-30 ngeemodeli eziqinisekileyo.
Iseti yentloko yomnyango wokungena kufuneka idityaniswe nenxalenye ye-cylinder. I-larva ye-cylinder ivaliwe ngaxeshanye ichaneke kakuhle phantsi kokuvulwa kwezixhobo. Uninzi lwabavelisi bee-larvae-cylinders badla ngokudibanisa iimveliso, kodwa itshekhi engafunekiyo ayithinteli. Ke ngoko, ukuba sele ubufumene i-sarva yenqaba yesilinda, yibamba "kwizinto ezithembisayo".
I-Hardware yanamhlanje yenziwa kusetyenziswa amandla aphezulu kunye nokunyangwa kokunyangwa. Ezinye zazo, nangona kunjalo, zinokutshatyalaliswa phantsi kwempembelelo yeemveliso zokucoca okuxhaphakileyo (oku, ngakumbi, zibhekisa kwivarnish ekhethekileyo, ezigutyungelwe ziimveliso zobhedu). Chaza xa uthenga iseti yentloko, ethetha ukuba kungcono ukuyicoca.
Ewe, kunjalo, iintloko zempungutye emnyango kufuneka zilingane nengqondo yobuhle yegumbi.
Ixesha elicetyiswayo lithandwa kakhulu ziziphatho ezenziwe kwisitayile seTech (Model Virginia ukusuka eJado, iiNqaku zeBoda, umgca we-fussial ovela kwiVallivalli). Nangona kunjalo, iimveliso ze "class" ezivela kwizixhobo "zeklasi" kwimarike yasekhaya zikwaboniswa phantse zonke iifemu zase-Itali, i-ASSA, i-abloy nabanye abaninzi. Ngamaxesha athile yiza abameli beetayile ezingaqhelekanga ngakumbi, njengentloko ye-Bauhas yentloko (uJado), igama lakhe lithetha ngokwalo.
Ngokuphathelele izixhobo kunye nembonakalo yeemodeli zeFaleva, umzi we-neards kunye ne-linessings, emva koko kuphantse kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo. Kule meko, i-cuckel kunye nentsimbi yentsimbi, uBrass, izabelo ze-aluminium zihlala zihlala zisetyenziswa. AmaJamani akhetha iimveliso ezixabisa kakhulu kwiplastiki, ialuminium alloys okanye intsimbi engenasiseko. Iplastiki, eqondakalayo, iphantsi kwaye icocekile kwaye icocekile ubomi bayo buncinci. Ixabiso lesiphatho esinjalo sinokuba sezantsi kakhulu, malunga ne- $ 0.5-1. I-Aluminium kunye nentsimbi zibiza kakhulu, kodwa i-aluminium ilungile kuba ukukrwela kubuthathaka kumphezulu wayo, intsimbi ihlala ihleli kwaye ihlutha kancinci. I-Spanish kunye ne-Masters yase-Itali ye-Finess Sokhinga zenza i-Posthead eBekeneyo kunye nesikhumba sokwenyani (Fedora, Gallivali Series), iinkuni, iglasi, iintsimbi ezixabisekileyo. Ngenxa yoko, inkampani yaseSpain isetyenziselwa ukuhombisa iimveliso zayo, ezixabisa iinkuni zeenkuni, iglasi yeenkuni, kunye nabavelisi base-Itali, iChromium negolide.
Kodwa i-Erite Dousts ayingoyisi soyiso lwezinto ezixabisa kakhulu, okokuqala, isiqhamo somsebenzi wababhali abadumileyo. Umzekelo, iinkosi ezinjengeMatteo Tun, i-Antonio Gitterio, i-Gustav Peichl isebenze kwimbonakalo yezibambo zenkampani yase-Itali. Ayothusi into yokuba ezo mveliso zihlulelwe bubuhle obukhulu, i-ergonomics kunye nokusebenza. I-Medicea yenye yezona nguqungo zithandwayo zeVallivaluli zavela kumgama we-1934, kodwa ziyaqhubeka ukuba zebango kwaye namhlanje. Inkonzo yobomi besaba esiqinileyo somnyango kukukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhululekileyo kwendlela yeemodeli ezingama-20 ubuncinci, i-vallivialli ukuya kwiminyaka engama-30. Ewe kunjalo, oku akunakuchaphazela ixabiso. Imodeli ye-Presto (i-abloy) ixabisa malunga ne-100 yeedola, ezona zixhobo zibiza kakhulu i-colombo- malunga ne- $ 150, iindleko zeepeni ze-pens kwilayini ye-fussital (Vallivalli) iza kwi-800 yeedola.
Ukuba ufumana ubuhle bokucwangcisa indlu yakho kwisitayile sezinto zezinto zakudala, kuba le ifanelekile iimveliso zendlu, zenziwa okanye zenziwa ngesandla (iseti yentloko ye-Itlian Ind.i.a). Umbhali usebenza ngokunika ilungelo lokuhlala ngokwahlukileyo. Ixabiso lemveliso enye, kuxhomekeka kubunzima, yi- $ 30-70.
Phakathi kweemodeli ezenziwe kwisitayile sezinto zemali, kufuneka ukuba siqapheshele i-hassies-isidenge, ezifakwe kwiingcango zokungena, kwaye zikhonze ngaxeshanye nesiphatho, kunye nesando sesando lomnyango. Le yeyona nto inkulu izakhiwo eziveliswayo ukusuka kwi-iron yentsimbi okanye i-bronze, umphezulu wazo uhlala uphantsi kwe-paing kunye nokwaluphala.
Ezinye iimodeli zezithambisi zidume kungekuphela nje ngoyilo lwabo, kodwa nakwindawo abayihombisayo. Umzekelo, imodeli h5007 i-ries fussital (Vallivalti) ifakwe kwiingcango zangaphakathi zeBerlin Readstag. Ukugweba ngendleko zayo (malunga ne- $ 300) kunye nenombolo esusiweyo, ipalamente yaseJamani ikwathanda ukuhlala ngokubanzi kwaye kamnandi ...
Xela i-loop kwipokotho
Iingcango zangaphakathi zinikezelwa ngee-hinges zendidi ezimbini: ukuthintela kunye nemveli. Eyokuqala iquka iisibini zeesilinda ezifakwe kwigqabi lomnyango kunye nebhokisi. Kwisibini, iqhekeza eliqhotyoshelweyo "amakhadi" okanye "amaphiko" -ipleyiti ezinemingxunya ye-screw. Ii-chings ezinjalo zinamakhadi amabini kunye nezikrelem zesikrelemnqa. Imephu iqhagamshelwe ngumjikelo wentonga (i-baotom). Ukuba zenziwe ngeshiti, isongelwe kabini kwaye ivule imvulophu, ilogo ibizwa ngokuba ngumphetho. I-Loops yegqabi eliqaqambileyo apho i-baaut kuphela itshwenyile, ebizwa ngokuba yigog. Zonke ezinye izinto ezilinganayo, ii-hinges ze-flex zilula ekufezekisweni, imveliso yazo iphantsi, kwaye ke ziye zaba lusasazo ngokubanzi. Intonga ilungisiwe kwisiqingatha esisezantsi selinye lamakhadi.I-Lops enyukayo, nayo, yahlulwe yangumhlaba wonke (i-Hinged), ngasekunene nangasekhohlo (isiqingatha se). Kukwakhona iingcango ezinganyangekiyo ze-hack ukulungiselela iingcango zokungena, zixhotywe ngezixhobo ezithintela ukususwa komnyango (i-anticlings ekhethekileyo). Sebenzisa ezi zinto ziluncedo kwizibonelelo zabo kunye nezinto ezingalunganga kwaye, kunjalo, indawo yabo yokusetyenziswa.
I-Hinged Loops isetyenziswa rhoqo kunezinye. Isizathu soku kukulula koyilo lwabo, ukubonakalisa iindleko. Iseti ye-hinges engalinganiyo yemveliso yaseRussia kumnyango omnye uya kuxabisa umthengi kwi- $ 1-5. Iilowsivel loops zixabisa kakhulu ukubiza okubizayo ($ 1.5-7), kodwa kwangaxeshanye kusetyenziswa imvakalelo engaguqukanga phakathi kwenani labemi, ukuba uyazigcina kwimfuno yokwaphula intloko, nokuba i-hinges ilungele khona (bona zona zombini ukumiswa ngasekunene nangasekhohlo). I-ALIS, iimodeli zendalo iphela, ngenxa yoyilo lwayo, ukuxhobisa ucango kunye nabo kunokususwa, kuphela zizikrelemnqa. Ukongeza, ezi llops zinendawo eliqela lokuxinana kunye ne-cream enokubakho.
Nangona kunjalo, kwanabahlobo abaqhelekileyo banokuyikhusela, ukuba babekwe ngokugqwetha, ngenxa yoko kwenzeka khona imithwalo eyongezelelweyo kwimaphuli. Ukunciphisa amandla e-hinge ye-hinge, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhulise izihlandlo ezi-1-2 ngonyaka. Kusekho iimodeli eziqhutywa apho uQeqsho lokuHanjiswa kwe-Axis ngebhola ejikeleza ngokukhululekileyo okanye ithwele. Iilow ezohlule zahluka ngokungathanga ngokungenakuphathelele kwaye azisebenzi.
Iimodeli ze-screw zisetyenziselwa iingcango zangaphakathi zemveliso engeniswazweni - i-Italian, iSpanish, iFinnish (ihlala iqhutywa ngokwenziwa kumazwe afanayo). I-halves ye-hinges ayifakwanga ngekhadi leplagi, kodwa intambo enye okanye ezimbini ngomsonto. Ezodwa ezi pins esinye isiqingatha sizisiwe emnyango, kunye nenye, i-Orcord. Inzuzo yemodeli enjalo ingumtsalane. Ngokuphathelele amandla ofakelo lweengcango, emva koko kule nxalenye ii-loops zentloko zinokuthenjwa ngakumbi. I-screw lops zihlala zifakwe kuphela kwiingcango ezinqabileyo zinzima ezingama-20-50kg. Ngokuchasene noko, iminyango enzima (enobunzima obungaphezulu kwe-60kg) inyukayo kwi-leops yekhadi le-125-150mmm kunye nobubanzi, ngokwahlukeneyo, i-40-45mm. Kuyenzeka ukuba ufake umnyango ukuya kwi-3 kunye ne-4. I-Gost14624 icebiso kwiimeko ezinjalo zibeka kude kwi-250mm ukusuka phezulu kunye nezantsi kwewebhu, ilogo yesithathu iqhotyoshelwe kumgama we-250mm ukusuka phezulu. Zonke iilogo kufuneka zingaphandle kweebhanti ezithe tyaba (ukukhwaza kweengcango zeplanga). Abavelisi bamanye amazwe banika ezabo izindululo malunga nokhetho kunye nokufakwa kweelogo. Ezhliselweyo, ezo ngcebiso ziphuhliswa yi-ASSA (iSweden), iFishkors (Finland), Hippe (iJamani). Iingcebiso ze-ozn zixokisi iitshathi apho, zazi ukuba yimilinganiselo yegqabi lomnyango kunye nobunzima bayo, kulula ukubala inani elifunekayo le-lops.
I-ASSA inikezela ngeengcebiso eziphezulu apho i "ubunzima" obuncitshisiweyo "zinciphise inani lexabiso lamanani okuba nobunzima bomnyango kunye nolungelelwaniso.
Isixa esikhulu se-lops asifaki negalelo lomsebenzi osemgangathweni woyilo lomnyango. Ukuziqhelanisa kubonisa ukuba kwane-lops ezintathu kwi-rods ethe tye zikwintonga enye ethe tye (enjalo lonyaka, amaqondo obushushu, amaqondo obushushu kunye ne-canvas engekhoyo. Iziphumo ezingenamsebenzi zale minyango idlule. Ngokomgaqo, iindawo zokusebenza eziphakamayo zinokukhokelela ekutshatyalalisweni kwe-loop okanye iingcingo ze-canvas. Xa ufaka umnyango omnye we-hinges ezintathu okanye ezine, kungcono ukusebenzisa iimodeli ezinokuthi uhlengahlengiso lwamva lwemephu yemephu (umzekelo, i-NTR110t). Amanqaku ofakelo lweengcango zokungena kunye nee-loops zazo zaxelelwa kwi-No. 10 yemagazini yethu ka-2002.
Ngomthendeleko nomthendeleko (babizwa ngokuba basongelwe), bafuna loops ekhethekileyo amaphiko ayo aphantsi kwebhokisi yebhokisi yomnyango. Iingcango kunye nomthendeleko zinokuxhotyiswa kunye nee-screw lops.
Iingcango ekufuneka zifunyenwe kuzo zombini iindlela (ukutshiswa) zixhonywe kwi-lops zasentwasahlobo ezinamakhadi amathathu kunye noqhagamshelo ezimbini ze-hinge. Xa kuvulwa kwelinye icala umnyango ujika i-hinge, xa uvula kwelinye icala, ujikeleze i-hinge. Imithombo iyimfuneko ukubuyisa iwebhu kwimo evaliweyo.
Ukwahlula njani i-chinges esisekunene nangasekhohlo? Nqamla iingcebiso kwaye ujonge ikhadi elingaphantsi apho i-rod ihlala khona. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ubukele kwimingxunya eyahlulelene phantsi kweentloko zezikati. Ukuba intonga isesiphelweni secala lasekunene, emva koko i-loog ilungelo, nge-lava ekhohlo.
Nezinye izinto ezincinci ezintle
Indawo yokufakelwa kwendlela yokutshixa emnyango ivaliwe kunye ne-plaque yentsimbi. Ipali inokuqina, oko kukuthi, into eqhelekileyo kwisiphatho kunye nendlela yokutshixa (ikwabizwa ngokuba yiPalethini) kwaye yahlule kwi-upolt nganye kwezi zixhobo (isokethi). Isokhethi ye-bitokene ene-slot yesitshixo ibizwa ngokuba sisitshixo, kunye nekhithi yohlobo olunye kuwo onke amalungu (ama-latch, phatha i-suluit yesango.
I-Linessings ezomeleleyo zibonakaliswa ngokukhululekileyo kwaye zinike ukudityaniswa okuphezulu kweseti yentloko. Babedla ngokugqiba iingcango zokungena. Ukungancedisi koyilo kukuthelekiswa ngokuchanekileyo kwesayizi kwawo onke amalungu entloko yentloko. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, umenzi ngamnye ukhetha ukuvelisa izibane ngepilisi kwimigangatho yazo. Kwenziwa ukuba ungathengisi inqaba kuphela, kodwa wonke umda wayo. I-Veverop ikhona, nangona kunjalo, iqulathe ubungakanani bobukhulu bomngxunya phantsi kwe-Earch: Ukuphakama yi-35mm, ububanzi bendawo esezantsi yi-11 mm, ububanzi benxalenye ephezulu yi-18 mm. I-AVT enye ubukhulu obubalulekileyo phakathi kwe-axis yesibambo kunye ne-axis yokutshixa kakuhle kusekwe ngabavelisi ngokunganyanzelekanga. Rhoqo kukho i-lining, eyi-70-80mm, kodwa ayisiyiyo umthetho ngokubanzi. Ke ngoko, ukwenzela ukuthintela ukungangqinelani kokuvala, xa uthenga i-lin qinisekisa ukuba iza kwisitshixo esikhoyo. Ukuqhubeka nobunzima obuqhelekileyo kangangoko akwenzeki, kubakhela lula. Ke ngoko, eYurophu, uninzi lweengcango zangaphakathi zixhotyiswe ngokugqobhoza okunjalo.
Kwiziqingatha ze-biscuits, ufuna izixhobo ezingaphezulu zokulungisa enye ye-sash (ehlala ingasebenzi) kwindawo emiselweyo. Ezo zixhobo zibizwa ngokuba zii-valve ezifihliweyo okanye amahlunu. I-lever engakhuselekanga isetyenziswa, etyhila intonga elungisa umnyango. Ngenxa yoko, intonga ihamba iye kwi-arvae efakwe kwibhokisi. Kukho iilati ezisezantsi ezinobude obusezantsi (zihlala ze-225mm), kunye nephezulu, ubude bayo (zihlala zingama-370 mm) zichaza ukushenxisa i-spivelet ukusuka kwi-1800-1900mm. Oku kuyimfuneko ukuze kube lula ukuvula ucango. Sebenzisa amanqaku aphezulu anokumela ukuphazamiseka kwabantu abaphantsi. Kodwa kodwa i-rooves yegalelo kwelinye icala iqinisekisiwe ukuba ingaqinisekiswanga ukuba ifumane uthuli, njengoko ngamanye amaxesha kuyenzeka kunye namahlana asezantsi. Ixabiso lovavanyo lwemveliso yasekhaya lisuka kwi- $ 0,5 ukuya kwi- $ 1.5.
Kutshanje, ukongeza kwizixhobo zemveli, ukungena kunye neengcango zangaphakathi, yonke imifuno ijika izixhobo zolawulo zolawulo lwe-elektroniki ezilinganayo, ezenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabemi beNdlu. Eli candelo leNgengqi likhula ngokukhawuleza, kunye noPhezulu lweTekhnoloji ephezulu ethe yasetyenziswa kushishino, ngokuthe ngcembe ingene kubomi bemihla ngemihla. I-Onovinkiyi kule "ndawo yeTekhnoloji ephezulu" siza kuxelela kwenye yezi nombolo zelog zilandelayo.
Ukubalwa kobunzima bomnyango, kuthathelwa ingqalelo izilungiso (ngokwe-ASSA)
| Into | Izilungiso,% |
|---|---|
| Iingcango zixhotyiswe ngokusondeleyo | +20 |
| Iingcango zixhotywe ngokusondeleyo, zinika ithuba lokulungisa ilaphu kwindawo evulekileyo | +100 |
| Iingcango zichaphazeleka kwimithwalo yomoya eyomeleleyo | +10 |
| Iingcango zinokuthobela ukuphumelela ngokwasemzimbeni. | +10 |
| Ukusebenza ngaphakathi (iminyango kwizakhiwo zokuhlala) | -10 |
Abahleli bebulela inkampani ", i-sesam yaseSesam", umnyango, iVallivaluli, "i-Russia inyanzela", i-Lokmanes inyanzela ", i-LOKSMARE YOKUFUNDA NGOKULUNGILEYO
