Isishwankathelo sefanitshala yeMeko yeMeko yeMeko ePhakathi: Imilinganiselo yemodyuli esemgangathweni, izixhobo, abavelisi basekhaya nabangeniswayo.
(Rhashiya). Iseti yefanitshala yegumbi lokuphila i-valetta3
(Rhashiya). Ingqokelela ye-vita.
Ngaba ucinga ukuba ixhobise njani indlu entsha? Okanye udiniwe yi "Sovka" esele ifumaneka kwizindlu ezikhoyo? Ewe, unoku-odola iprojekthi yoyilo olubanzi lwangaphakathi. Qwalasela nje: Iinkonzo ezilungileyo ngokwenene zineengcali, kwaye "iingcebiso zamanye amazwe" awonelisekanga. Indlela efanelekileyo yokunikela ingqalelo kwiinkqubo ze-Universal yefanitshala yemoto yemoto yemoto. Bayakuvumela ukuba wenze iminxeba entle, enamanzi kuwo onke amagumbi ekhaya. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngendlela yokuxhobisa ngoncedo lweNdawo yokuDlala yeKhabhinethi.
Kugxininise kwingqwalaselo yethu, ifanitshala ye-modyuli yendawo yexabiso eliphakathi. Kunzima ukumisela ngokuchanekileyo imida yayo, masitsho nje ukuba ngabom bangabandakanywanga kuphononongo lweemveliso eziphantsi zamashishini asekhaya kunye neemodeli ezibizayo ezenziwe ngamathi omthi obizayo. Asizukuthetha nanamhlanje nangeentuthuko zakutshanje zooyili baseYurophu.
Indlela yomntu ngamnye
Umgaqo-siseko wemodyuli wentloko yoqwalaselo ilungile kuba ivumela umthengi ukuba enze ifanitshala yefanitshala oyifunayo. Uza evenkileni, uqhelene nayo yonke imbonakalo yezinto ezicetywayo, khetha ngokufanelekileyo kwaye wenze iodolo. Kodwa le yithiyori. Ekusebenzeni, yonke into ihlukile. Kulula kakhulu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha oshiyiweyo kwaye ukhawuleze ufumane enye yeeseti zefanitshala egqityiweyo. Njengommiselo, ukubonelelwa okuthile kweemodyuli ezibandakanyiweyo kwiseti yesiqhelo ifumaneka kumvelisi okanye kwivenkile yomthengisi. Ke ngoko, ixesha lokuhanjiswa komgangatho lisezantsi lincinci (kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa), kwaye iindleko zayo zihlala zingaphantsi kunexabiso elipheleleyo lezinto zonke. Ngokwesiqhelo, abavelisi befenitshala yeKhabhinethi banika igama eliqhelekileyo kunye / okanye banike inombolo yokulandelelana: umzekelo, ukwakhiwa kwe-128 ukusuka kwi-128 ukusuka kwimodyuli yenkqubo yemodyuli yemodyuli-esuka kwi-Mnu.doars (iRussia) okanye "ukusuka" kwi-Angstrom "( Rhashiya).I-odolo yekhithi yekhithi iyaqonda ukuba ufuna ukufumana into yoqobo, eyahlukileyo kwi-stereotypes eqhelekileyo. Kuyinyani, ngale ndlela, kunzima kakhulu ekuphumezeni inxenye ngokuzimeleyo. Kungcono ukusebenzisa iinkonzo zoyilo ezifumanekayo kuzo zonke iivenkile ezinesidima kunye neevenkile zefenitshala. Ngenxa yeminqweno yakho, le ngcali ifanelekileyo iya kufoto iprojekthi yentloko yentloko yexesha elizayo (ngesandla okanye kwikhompyuter), kwaye yasimahla.
Kuyenzeka ukuba, inomdla wokwakhiwa kwendlela yokwakhiwa ngokungaqhelekanga, uya kudlula ngaphaya kwemodyuli ezisemgangathweni. Emva koko buza umthengisi okanye umyili osebenza nawe ukuba kunokwenzeka ukutshintsha ubumbeko okanye ubukhulu bezinto eziqhelekileyo. Qaphela ukuba eli linyathelo lokuqala lokuqulatha kwakho, kwaye kuphela kwentloko yakho. Kodwa kuya kufuneka uqonde ukuba nayiphi na i-nemass, into enye ibiza kakhulu, ngamanye amaxesha amaxesha aliqela kubiza kakhulu kwiimveliso ze-serial. Abanye abavelisi banikezela abathengi ngokuba nengxaki efanelekileyo phakathi kwexabiso lemveliso kunye nendlela umntu ngamnye kwindalo yangaphakathi. Akukho mfuneko yokuba uchithe iqhekeza lemali kwaye wenze yonke i-headset ukuze i-oda. Kwanele ukuza na (kunye nomyili) i-oyile) enye okanye ezimbini zentsusa eziya kuba ziidiliya eziya kuba ziidiliya zesicwangciso sakho: yi-Ang, i-rack engaqhelekanga yokuphakama ...
Kwaye ngaphezulu. Ukuthatha isigqibo sokuthenga iseti yegumbi lokuhlala (ihlanjululwe yiseti enkulu yezinto), cinga malunga nobunzima bokuhambisa kunye nokufakelwa kwefanitshala kwindlu yakho. Njengommiselo, iimodyuli zifakwe endaweni yendlela yokufakelwa, kufuneka iveliswe okanye ngoncedo lweenkosi ezimenyiweyo. Iinkonzo zamva nje azizikhathazi (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10-12% yexabiso le-odolo). Ukuba inkampani othatha isigqibo sokuthenga ifenitshala ibonisa indibano yasimahla, kuthetha ukuba ixabiso laso libandakanyiwe kwixabiso lempahla.
Inkqubo yodonga kunye nemodyuli: Fumana umahluko
Ngokuthetha ngokungqongqo, udonga lwamaxesha eSoviet likwifefeni lemodyuli (inkcazo nje ye "Modrer" kuba ayikagqitywa). Iindonga zokuqala zavela kwilizwe lethu ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-70 inkulungwane edluleyo kwaye zakhawuleza zathandwa ngenxa yobuninzi bayo kunye nokusebenzisana kakhulu. I-IPO Namhlanje ifumaneka kumakhaya amaninzi aseRussia, kwaye inani eliqingqiweyo lezasekhaya nezangaphandle liyaqhubeka ukubavelisa. Yintoni enye "yokukhanya" yokwenza eminye imisebenzi eneminye ngokuthe chu ngokuthe ngcembe ihamba kwiindonga zetshizi. Iindonga kwifomu yesiko ziba "ziClasisics eziPhilayo" zemihla yethu.
Kwaye ngoku masizame ukufumanisa ngaphandle kwefenitshala yemodyuli yanamhlanje yahlukile kwinto enye. Luyintoni udonga? Le yiseti yeekhabhathi zeenjongo ezahlukeneyo ezibonelelwa ngodonga kufutshane nomnye. I-Akak ijonge iseti yendlela eqhelekileyo yemodyuli ye-Modyficy yegumbi lokuhlala? Kufana kakhulu, kodwa hayi kangaka, kuba ngoku ayikokwesiko ngentloko ye-headrobe yokugcina iimpahla. Ukulungiselela le njongo, iiwadi zewadi, okanye iibhondi zihlala zisetyenziswa, zibekwe emagumbini kunye neeholo. Ukuba kukho indawo yasimahla, impahla inikwa igumbi elikhethekileyo legumbi lokunxiba.
Kancinci malunga neempawu zoyilo kunye noyilo lwangaphandle, apho umahluko omkhulu uxoka phakathi kweendonga zemveli kunye neendlela zemodyuli zanamhlanje. Ukuphela kwesampulu yeSoviet ukuphakama kobunzulu kunye nobunzulu bayo yonke indawo yokuhlala iyafana, kwaye ububanzi alonakalisiweyo. Uninzi lweeseti ezikhoyo ngoku, ngokuchaseneyo, zinokubandakanya izinto ezahlukeneyo kwaye "umahluko", nangona kunjalo, hayi imfuza. Yimodyuli egqwesileyo ekuphakameni, nikezela ngalo lonke ixesha lokwakha ". Enkosi kubo, udonga alubonakali luzaliseke ngokupheleleyo, lugcwele. . Uluhlu lwefenitshala, kunye neekhabhathi ezisezantsi, zisebenzela uhlobo lwezithoba zabanye, ezinzulu "inkulu" ye-prorier "ye-lotus" iLotus ".
Ngelixa iindonga zemveli zisetyenziswa ikakhulu ngamacandelo ahamba ngeenyawo, ubuncinci beengcango zokurhoxa, izixhobo zale mihla zipapashwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokhetho. Ukongeza kwiikhabhathi kunye ne-tumb ehamba kunye nokusonga ("ukulungisa") iminyango, ukwakhiwa kweenkqubo zemodyuli akunakubandakanyiwe izinto, zihlala zikwindlela yeshelufa. Ziqhagamshelwe kwiimodyuli ezikufuphi zisebenzisa iinxalenye ezibonakalayo.
Iintloko zale mihla zihlala zixhotyiswe ngokukhanyiselwa - zangaphandle (izibane zibekwe kwi-visar ekhethekileyo kumda ophezulu wenkqubo) okanye ngaphakathi (zihlala zikhawuleza). Ukwanda kwezinto zokuhlobisa kusetyenziswa ziishelufu ezintsha zefashoni, ezigcinwa kwintsimbi yentsimbi okanye kwimibhobho yenkxaso yeplastiki.
Kwaye kunjalo, enye yezona zinto zahlukileyo kwiinkqubo zemodyuli zanamhlanje ezivela kwiindonga zemveli yintabalala yemigca ejikelezileyo kunye neefom. Ukuveliswa kweenkcukacha ezinemihla enjalo kwenziwa ukuba kwenzeke ngokuphucula itekhnoloji yenkqubo yefanitshala.
Imodyuli yemodyuli
Ukuqokelelwa kwefanitshala yemodyuli yabavelisi abahlukeneyo kubandakanya imali engalinganiyo (ihlala ivela kwi-manani) yeshumi. Masithi, "Uchungechunge lwe" m "lolona upheleleyo kwi-modla-elandelayo kwi-modla-elandelayo evela kuMnu .Oor, kukho malunga ne-100-emi. Iimodyuli ezininzi ziyafana. Ezi ziikhabhathi ezingatshatanga kwaye ziphindwe kabini, amacandelo akhanyisiweyo, amaracks, imigangatho esezantsi, izinto ze-angular, iidrinta ezinedrowa, njl. Kodwa kuyahlukahlukana nesihloko somxholo esifanayo aziqwalaseli. Umzekelo, ukujikeleza kwiKhabinazi yeKhabhinethi yeBhull, siya kufumana ikhabhathi eqhelekileyo, encamathisela iminyango imeko ephuculweyo yeglasi, kwaye ishiya iishelfes ezivaliweyo ezivulekileyo zeencwadi okanye izikhumbuzo. I-Aesley Yiba nekhabethe kwiKhabhinethi enye, kodwa olunye ukuphakama, ngoko nangoko sibenza uluhlu lwemodeli yezinto ezintandathu. Phantse aba bavelisi, badala iinkqubo zazo zemodyuli. Ukongeza, ingqokelela inokubandakanya iibhedi, iitafile, iitafile zekofu, kunye noomatrasi. Kwangelo xesha, abavelisi abanye bandakanya iinkqubo zabo ze-serial kunye nezinto zakudala, ezikwezinye iifemu ezenziwe kuphela ukuze zilandelwe. Uninzi lwethu sithetha ngezihloko zoqwalaselo ezingaqhelekanga, umzekelo kunye ne-curviline facts (iingoma28 ne-116 OTMR.DOORS).Imilinganiselo yemodyuli esemgangathweni kwezolobakala ezininzi iya kwahluka. Konke kuxhomekeke kubungakanani bokuqala beepleyiti apho iinkcukacha zoyilo zisikiwe khona. Ke, ukuphakama kweKhabhinethi yi-2-2.5 m (Khetha: 2410, 2339, 2258, 2058, 2036mm, njl njl.). Ububanzi bekhabethe elinye lingama-400 ukuya kwi-20000mm, kabini ukusuka kwi-2000mm ukuya kwi-13m. Ngendlela, xa ukhetha enye okanye ezinye iimodyuli, ungalibali malunga nendlela yabo negumbi lakho. Igumbi elingenakona neziqwengana eziphakamileyo, nesona sikhuselo sikhulu asizukubonakala ngathi zininzi.
Izixhobo
Ukwenzela ifanitshala yentsebenzo yodidi lwamaxabiso aphakathi, i-Wood-chip, i-MDF kunye ne-RDF kunye neRids ye-thys isetyenziswa rhoqo (ihlala i-pine). Ye-chipboard ye-chipboad, zombini izindlu kunye ne-queades zekhabhathi zihlala ziveliswa, i-MDF ihlala ikwimibala. Ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esincinci kunye ne-homogeneous, le nto (MDF) ibonelela abaphuhlisi beemodeli zefanitshala ezininzi ezinokwenzeka. Umzekelo, ivumela ukuba wenze amaqulane yefom ye-convex. Ukongeza, ukuba nobuhlobo bendalo, ayifuni isigqubuthelo esinyanzelekileyo somphezulu wonke ngomaleko okhuselayo. Inokupeyinta imibala eyahlukeneyo. I-APODE yokucinezelwa okushushu kakhulu (iimeko zeNqobo eziHlanganisiweyo) - kunokwenzeka ukwenza i-MDF kumphezulu weplate phantse, umzekelo, Xelisa i-rathant kwimigangatho yekhabhathi (i-antiga "yenguqulelo , Rhashiya).
Ewe kunjalo, iinkuni zokwenyani aziyi kuthelekiswa nayiphi na enye into. Ifanitshala yomthi ifunyanwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. Kodwa uluhlu lweedukweni luneendlela kakhulu (kuphela eBelasus, odume nge-oaks zayo, zivelisa iindonga ezingabizi kakhulu zazo). Ke ngoko, ukuba awufuni ukugcwalisa ikhaya lakho nge-chipboard, kodwa awunayo imali "ephambeneyo", ngcono ukuthenga ibhola. Isenokungapheliyo, kodwa intle, ilungile, kwaye, ngendlela, ayibizi.
Kutshanje, intsimbi neplastiki ziyasetyenziswa ngokuveliswa kwefanitshala yeKhabhinethi. Isakhelo seAluminiyam apho iglasi ye-matte okanye iglasi ebonakalayo ifakwe-yenye yezona zinto zefashoni zoyilo lwe-witleades. Imilenze yentsimbi yeChrome yekhabhathi yaba yinxalenye yesitayile sanamhlanje: Baququzelela uyilo, lwenze ukuba "bahlungu" ngaphezulu komgangatho.
Abavelisi
Ifanitshala ye-Mody Ifenitshala yeKhabhinethi yenza iifektri ezininzi, zombini iRussia nezangaphandle zangaphandle. Xa kuveliswa kweendonga zemveli, kubandakanya ukusuka kwi-Oak Manam, amashishini e-Belarus ("Gomedrev", "i-gomedrev", "i-bobruiskmel", njl.njl.). Kuba amaxesha eSoviet, iimveliso zaseRomania ziyathandwa, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuba batsale abalandeli "ukukhanya" kwesitayile sanamhlanje. Iseti yezinto zezogodini zinikezelwa kubathengi baseRussia kunye nabavelisi base-Itali. Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yabo ivelisa imigca emibini yefanitshala: "Iklasikhi" ne "yanamhlanje". I-UNAD engaqhelekanga i-FBL, i-SMA, i-ALF, iFlorida, umzi-mveliso waseGierre kunye nabanye.Ifenitshala yemodyuli yamagumbi aphilayo, eyenziwe kwisitayela sanamhlanje, unikezo kwi-Russia Slovenia Triffer (iAliples, ePiron, ePen, eDemark kunye namanye amazwe aseYurophu. Abavelisi baseScandinavia kwimarike yaseRussia bahanjiswa ikakhulu yinkampani yaseSweden Ikea kunye neFinnish Isku.
Ngokutsho kwabathengisi, iimveliso zasekhaya ziyonwabele kwimfuno enkulu. Amashishini amatsha eRussia, ophuculo olukhawulezileyo aqala emva kwentlekele ka-1998, yenzelwa ukhuphiswano olunesidima. Imveliso esandula ukwenziwa inikezelwa ngezixhobo zanamhlanje, izixhobo ezisemgangathweni eziphezulu kunye nezinto. Phakathi kwezinye iinkampani, kungekukhulu kakhulu, kodwa iphumelele kakhulu, ivelisa ifanitshala ekumgangatho ophezulu ye-prolonez (iProjekthi yeRussia), "iProjekthi ye-Angstrom" ukusuka kwi-voronezh kunye neLotus e-kirov. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwamashishini avelisa ifanitshala ye-Mody kwingingqi yeMoscow. Enye yezona zinto zinkulu - uMnu.dower, inkampani yaseRussia-American, eye yaqulunqa kwaye yaphunyezile inkqubo yeModila. Owona mgca mtsha wenkampani ubizwa ngokuba yimodyula-elandelayo kwaye uneengcali ezintathu zefestile, ezibandakanya izinto ezilikhulu.
Amaxabiso
Ngelishwa, kunzima ukuthetha ngeendleko zefanitshala yemodyuli, kuba iqulathe amaxabiso ezinto ezizodwa. Ngokwemvelo, xa amaxabiso, abavelisi bathathela ingqalelo iindleko zezinto ezingafunekiyo kunye nezinto (kunokuba zingcono kwaye "zendalo", izinto ziyabiza kakhulu). Icala eliqinileyo, iindleko zeseti zixhomekeka ngqo kuxhomekeke kubunzima bobume bezinto ezininzi kunye nenani lamalungu. Endaweni yokuthenga iseti yentloko equka ikakhulu zeeracks ezivulekileyo, zinengeniso ngakumbi kuneyo, kodwa zixhotywe ngeengcango kunye neminyango.
Ngoko ke, xa usenza isigqibo ukuthenga ifanitshala kangako, kodwa high quality, imali ingqalelo kweemveliso kwishishini esele zikhankanywe Belarusian-Polish Black Red White. Phakathi kwenani elikhulu leengqokelela zakhe, uya kukhetha into elungele wena: nge- $ 400-500 ungayithenga i-2.65m nge-quided okanye i-4.05m ubude, yenziwe nge-chipboard ye-MDF. Phantse malunga nexabiso elifanayo (okanye elingaphezulu) lentengo yokuthengisa kwi-ivanovoll. I-Kslov, lo ngomnye wamashishini ambalwa ambalwa aqhelekileyo adlule ukuphuculwa ngokusisigxina. Ngeedola ezingama-700-900, uya kunikwa udonga lwe-classic kunye neengcango ze-Oak kwi-Bobruisklebel (Belarus) okanye enye yeemodeli ze-Angstrom) okanye i-Angstrom ye-Angstrom voonezh (kwakhona ixabiso le-chiki lixhomekeke kubude bayo). Umzi-mveliso "Lotus" ovela kwi-kirov uvelisa zombini iiseti zexabiso eliphantsi kwixabiso malunga ne-400 yeedola kwaye kuyabiza kakhulu - malunga ne- $ 1200.
Ngendlela, $ 1000-1500 yimali efanelekileyo onokuthi uyithenge ngayo ifanitshala enomdla kwaye yanamhlanje yefanitshala ngobude obuyi-3m. Ngeli xabiso, uninzi lwezimo zenziwe nguMnumzana.Usours ziyathengiswa, kubandakanya namacandelo e-MDF kunye nemibhobho yenkxaso ye-DDF exhasa iisheyithi zeConsole. Kwi- $ 1200-1500, uthenga iseti yegumbi lokuhlala kwisitayile saseScandinavia somenzi waseFinland u-Isku. Akufanelanga ukuba ubale ngendleko eziphantsi kwaye uye kwivenkile edumileyo ye-Ikea (nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukulungele ukupeyinta ifanitshala kwi-pine ngaphandle kwe-pine ngaphandle kokuzimisela, imali iya kufuna kancinci). Uluhlu lwexabiso langoku luyifenitshala yemodyuli evela kwi-Desal ukusuka kwi-Kanalingrad (iseti ye "Milen3" kunye ne-2.7m- $ 1000, "i-MILEN5" nge-300 ye-200 yeedola- $ 1500).
Iimveliso zeSlovenia-Enye yeeriphabliki zeYugoslavia - Ixabiso eliphantsi alinakutsala (ikhithi elivela kwi-paron okanye i-alron okanye i-aller lingakuhlawula nge- $ 2000-2500). Nangona kunjalo, ngokutsho kommeli wenkampani ethengisa le fenitshala, yi-30% ixabiso eliphantsi kune-Italian, kwaye kumgangatho awuphantsi. Ngengqondo, ixabiso leseti encinci yefanitshala yemodyuli eyenziwe kwi-Apennine Peninsula i-2500 yeedola ezingama-2500. Kule mali, kunokwenzeka ukuba wenze i-odolo elongezelelekileyo kwifenitshala yebhayini yeKhabhinethi engaqhelekanga (iyinyani, ingu-Italian, kodwa kwiRussia, kodwa kwizinto ezingeniswayo), umzekelo, kwikholeji. Ngokubanzi, "Yenza, zama, zama!"
Abahleli bebulela inkampani uMnu. Ooqongqo, uDedal, "Adriatic" kunye nezahluko zoncedo kumalungiselelo ezinto.