Izinto ezinqunyanyisiweyo nasekubekeni iziqwengana: Oko bakufikayo, ezivelisa, zixabisa malini, zimalini kwaye zilungile.
Enye yeenkcukacha ezibalulekileyo ezichonga imbonakalo yazo naziphi na iindawo ziziility. Umhombiso osemgangathweni ophakathi unika amagumbi intuthuzelo eyongezelelweyo kunye nobuchule. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Auto of Paytiling (akunyanzelekanga ukuba kube mhlophe) kukuvumela ukuba ugcine kakhulu kumbane ochithwe kwisibane. Kwilizwe lethu, iindidi ezintathu ze-ceight zigqibile, ezi zinto zimhlophe, zipeyinta kunye nepali yephepha lokuhlala. Yonke le misebenzi ifuna ukulungelelaniswa okokuqala kunye nokulungiselela umgangatho okwiphepha. Kwangoko, ubuchwephesha obunjalo buya kuthatha indawo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokugqiba, ezinokwahlulwa zibe zizixhobo ezibini zokuthatyathwa: zinqunyanyisiwe kwaye zinamathele.
Ukutsala okunamathela
Eyona nto isondeleyo kwiindlela zemveli zokucoca iziqwenga ze-glungs. Zikwafuna ukuba kwinqanaba lokuqala komphezulu, kodwa kwinqanaba elincinci kakhulu. Ukuphathwa okunamathela kukudityaniswa okanye iipaneli ze-oxander ezenziwe kwi-polystyrene ekhutshiweyo okanye, njengoko zihlala zibizwa ngokuba yiStirro. Umphezulu wangaphambili kwezi plate unokugutyungelwa yifilimu epeyintiweyo phantsi komthi, i-chore, iperile okanye ilitye. Kumphezulu weethayile zesikwere, isiqabu senziwe ngokuxelisa intambo ye-stucco okanye yenkuni. Iqhinga i-thayile yethayile enxantathu, njengommiselo, ogudileyo, kunye nebhaweli ejikeleze imiphetho. Olona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwethayile ngama-5050cm. I-tiles ukuya kwisilingi ivuthiwe, ngelixa ungasebenzisa zombini iincwadana ezinemifanekiso kunye ne-polyvinyl acetate (PVA) okanye iinzipho ezingamanzi. Ngokubanzi, izinto ezibonakalayo zilungele ukusebenza, kuba kuyinjongo, inqunywe ngokulula yinkanyezi yephepha, kwaye isincamathelisi asifuni izixhobo ezizodwa kunye nezakhono kwaye zinokwenziwa ngokulula ngokuzimeleyo. Imisebenzi kwi-sticrene stabs stricrene icetyiswa ukuba icocwe ngaphambili kwaye iphinde iphinde ibuyele kumphezulu wesilingi we-Pva Glue, ityhilwe ngamanzi. Nangona le ikwiimeko ezininzi ngokuzikhethela. Iithayile zinokuncanyulwa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-blotch endala ukuba ususa iindawo ezinqatshelwe ngaphambi komsebenzi. Ukuba kwakufumanisa ngokungalindelekanga ukuba isilingi singalingani kwaye iithayile azidibanisi, emva koko ngexesha lokwenza iglue, sebenzisa izikhonkwane eziqhelekileyo zokulungisa ukulungisa kwabo. Ukunika isilingi sobopha, ukugcinwa okugqityiweyo kwaye kuvale i-slots phakathi kweethayile ze-bied kunye nodonga Sebenzisa i-plints ekhethekileyo.Iindlela zokugqiba iitayile ze-puiling Kukho ezininzi kwaye ukhetha enye yazo, okokuqala, kuxhomekeke kumnqweno kunye nokuncamathela kumnini wegumbi, kunye neempawu zoyilo zegumbi.
Ngokweyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo, izincamathelisi zeethayile ze-phales zinokuziswa ngokulandelayo. Chitha isiseko esisiseko embindini wesilingi kwaye ufumane iziko le-gemetric legumbi, elaneleyo lokuchitha ii-diagons ezimbini kwikona kwi-angle yegumbi. Emva koko, ungaqala ngqo iithayile ezinamathele ngqo. Iithayile ezimbini zokuqala zivuselelekile ukuze zisondele komnye nomnye, ecaleni kwe-midline, ngokuhambelana nenqanaba eliphakathi. Iithayile ezisele zenziwe nge-wadle yangaphambili, izama ukunqanda ukugqitha kwabo omnye komnye. Xa usiya eludongeni, kunokuba yimfuneko kwi-tits thayile. Olu khetho aluyoqoqosho oluphambili, njengokuphuma kwiithayile, njengommiselo, kufuneka kuwo onke amacala amane egumbi, kodwa ngenxa yoko, zonke iithayile ziya kuba zicocekile kwaye zilingane. I-Elesler inokuba sisincamathelisi seethayile ze-ceiling kwikona yegumbi ukuya kwiziko, liya kuthatha iithayile ezincinci ezinokusika. Kodwa kukho ingozi yokufumanisa ukuba iindonga ezichaseneyo zegumbi azifaniyo omnye komnye. Kule meko, iithayile ziya kuqalisa ngokuthe ngcembe, zenza iphethini engalunganga kwaye, ngenxa yoko, kuya kubakho imfuneko yokuphelisa okuntsonkothileyo.
Ixabiso lemitha yesikwere leitayile ze-pumilid ezingezizo ezivela kwi-1.5 ukuya kwi-3 ukuya kwi-3,5 yokuhambisa i-United States, kunye ne-4-8.5 ye-US yeedola. Ukukhetha izinto zokugqiba, khephu kwenye into, malunga ne-15%. Ngokuqinisekileyo uya kudinga ukuqalisa ukucofa iithayile kwaye ukuba ezinye zazo zayakhe zaqhekeza kwinkqubo (zinokwenzeka xa iithayile zigqityiwe). Imitha yethutyana yeendleko zeplanga zeplanga ukusuka kwi-1 ukuya kwi-1.5Dollar eUs. Ixabiso lokunamathela nge-Dedive kwiipleyiti zemingxunya le-0.5-1.0 ngekhilogramu nganye, nangona zilungele izipikili zazo, zombini izikhonkwane ze-ppva.
Kwaye ukuqukumbela malunga nokhathalelo lolo phako. Iithayile ze-celes ze-ceiling zinokuhlanjwa, kwaye zingalingani-his-hili nelaphu elomileyo okanye ekuchitheni.
Kuya kuqatshelwa ukuba i-polystrene ayikuthandi ukukhanya kwelanga. Xa ityhilwe kumthamo we-ultraviolet, ijika ityheli kunye nexesha.
Phala
Ukuthatyathwa kokumiswa kubandakanya amaqela aliqela ahluke kakhulu kwimbonakalo kunye noyilo. Idibanisa ukuba zinqunyanyisiwe kumgama othile ovela kunxweme oluphambili kwaye ke zikuvumela ukuba ufihle iziphene kunye nezitenxo, kwaye, qhubeka udlula phantsi kophahla. Kwangelo xesha, imiba ye-thermo kunye nokufakwa kwesandi yegumbi kungasonjululwa.
Wolula uphahla. Uluhlu lwesicelo salo luphantse lingapheli: Kumagumbi kunye neeofisi kwiihotele, amachibi kunye neeholo zekonisathi. Uluhlu olubanzi lwemibala kunye nemibhalo (isibuko, iMatte, i-Serent kunye ne-translucent), amandla okudala izisombululo zoyilo oluhle kakhulu kwizisombululo zoyilo. Ezi phangi zenziwa nge-vinyames enzima kwi-volymers ngqo kumashishini ngokweemitha ezenziwe kwangaphambili kwigumbi ngalinye kwaye linokufakwa kuphela ngabaqeshwa baqinisekiswe ngolu hlobo lomsebenzi we uphahla. Izixhobo ezivela kulo khululo lwenziwe, zithobele iimfuno zelizwe zamanye amazwe zezokhuseleko lomlilo kunye ne-ecology kwaye azikhupheli izinto eziyityhefu.
Izibonelelo zophahla zothando kufuneka zibandakanye ufakelo lwalo olukhawulezileyo kunye nexesha elide lewaranti (ngaphezulu kweminyaka eli-10) ebonelelwe ngabavelisi. Ixabiso lokuqhekeka loluliweyo liphezulu kakhulu kuneentlobo zezindlu ezinqunyanyisiweyo. Umzekelo, iindleko zophahla ngokufakelwa ngokufakwa kweTeflous (iFrance), kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwezinto zezinto (iMatte, i-Satin, i-Glosble, isuka kwi-15 dollars ye-1M2. Oku, kunjalo, kubiza kakhulu, kodwa iziqwenga ezibangelwa zintle kakhulu. Kuya kufuneka ukukhankanya ukuba utyala oluqhelekileyo lwe-barrions birris charu (iFrance).
Olu hlobo lulandelayo lweCarding enqunyanyisiweyo Rush phalings . Balula, bomelele, benoloyiko olunobuhlobo, abangoyiki umswakama, abangafundanga, bahluke ngokupheleleyo, ngenxa yoko banokusetyenziswa nakumagumbi angathandaniyo ngexesha lokubandayo. Eyona nto iphambili kwisilingi yiplate emnye ye-aluminium enobungqingqwa eyi-0.5 mm, igutyungelwe yimigca emibini ye-varnish yomile. Olu phala lube noluhlu olubanzi kakhulu lwezisombululo zemibala kunye nokugqitywa kwangaphandle. Bamhlophe, phantsi kwe-phullme, phantsi kwesilivere, phantsi kwegolide, eqingqiweyo okanye hayi, matte okanye i-matte. Ukwenza iintlobo ngeentlobo zecala lophahla, ukongeza, kunokwenzeka oko kwabizwa ngokuba zibizelwe ukongamela i-Deating-Trines ngokukodwa iiphaneli zokuhombisa ezifakwe phakathi kweephaneli eziphambili, kunye nezibane ezahlukeneyo. Iipaneli, njengomgaqo, zine-10 okanye i-15 cm yobubanzi kunye nobude bemithi emi-4. Xa uthenga ukuthambeka, kuya kufuneka unikele ingqalelo ekuphelisweni kwe-fasttener yokunqunyanyiswa, njengommiselo, ifakiwe kwixabiso le-pharity. Uya kucela ubukho beendlela zomthengisi, iikona ("i-perimeter") kunye nezinye izinto. Isicelo esixhaphakileyo ekhaya ukufundela i-rack kufumaneka kwigumbi lokuhlambela. Ixabiso eliphakathi lokuqhelana kolu hlobo kunye nenkqubo yokumiswa i-1m2 ihla. Kwimarike yaseRussia, unokuhlangabezana nazo iiseti zotywala ezingxamisekileyo, e-Italian neAmerican. I-Patena (i-Itali) kunye neGeimp (iJamani) imelwe kakhulu. Kukwakufanelekile ukuba uqaphele izilonda ze-lerite rush yenkampani uNagelstutzeihler (iJamani). Iipaneli zabo zipeyintiwe kwimibala engaqhelekanga, ethambileyo. Kuxhomekeka kumbala wombala, iindleko zazo zisusela kwi-40 ukuya kwi-100Dlular Z1m2.
Ukufakwa kokufakwa kweRush Celings kulula. Kunye neiplate zokuhlobisa, iprofayile yokwenza i-8iers-rate inikezelwa, eqhotyoshelwe kwi-phaling ephambili zizikhonkwane okanye isikrelem kwiidosi. Iiphaneli zilungisiwe kwi-Itch ekhethekileyo.
Ukufika kwe-Rush kusenokubekwa kwinkqubo yokumiswa. Kule meko, amagwegwe afakwe kwisilingi, apho ukumiswa kohlengahlengiso lobude obuhlekayo behla. Ii-CPODSWAS ziqhotyoshelwe iiprofayili ezixhasayo kwaye sele zikwiiphaneli zealuminiyam. Ukukhathalela okunjalo kulula kakhulu, banokuhlanjwa ukusebenzisa naluphi na isitya.
Ewe kunjalo, eyona ixhaphakileyo phakathi kokuqinana okumisiweyo yexesha elide kunye neemveliso ezaziwayo ezifana nezo femu zehlabathi ze-Armstrong. I-Ecophonab (i-Eaveroy) kunye neqela labanye. Olu hlobo lophahla luhlala lubizwa ngokuba yiRaster okanye Ikhasethi , egxininisa ukuba isilingi sihlanganiselwe kwizinto ezincinci ezaneleyo zempawu ezifanayo ezibekwe kwisakhelo esikhethekileyo sokunyuka. Ezi zinto ziipleyiti ezenziwe ngeglasi ekhutshelweyo okanye i-mineral uboya ophethe i-filler (udongwe, isitatshi, isellulose, njl. Njl.). Kubalulekile ukuba phakathi kweefilitha kunye nezixhobo zokubopha ezisetyenziswa ekwenzeni iipleyiti zemingxunya, akukho promoldehydehyde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde isebenze kunye ne-Asbestos. Zinobuhlobo kwaye zinobume. Ezi plates, njengommiselo, zinobungakanani be-6060cm okanye i-60120cm (akuqhelekanga i-120120cm) kunye nobungqingqwa be-1.5-2.0 (ukuya kwi-3.0) cm. Amaxabiso okuqina okumisiweyo kolu hlobo kuluhlu lweentlobo ezi-6 zangaphambi kwe-3M2 ngenkqubo enqunyanyisiweyo, okanye ukusuka kwi-4m2 ukuya kwi-1m2 ngaphandle kwayo. Ixabiso ikakhulu lixhomekeke kuhlobo lweephaneli ezizodwa zephaneli zixabisa kakhulu ngaphezulu kokuhombisa. Ndimele nditsho ukuba iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeephaneli zinkulu. Akahlukanga kuphela ngombala kunye nokuzoba, kodwa nangeempawu zabo. Ke, kukho iipaneli zomswakama-ziqhuba umswakama ngokuhlobo lwe-100%, i-atoshemny, kunye ne-antimace, equlathe indawo ekhethekileyo ye-acoustic, esebenzise kakhulu inqanaba lengxolo.
Olunye uhlobo lwezindlu ezinqunyanyisiweyo, ezisandula ukufunyanwa Iipleyiti zokuthambisa . Zililaphu ezingama-6060 cm kwaye zibekwe kwi-raster yensimbi. Ixabiso eliqikelelweyo lolu hlobo lophala ziidola ezingama-30-50 kwi-1.2. Ukhetho olubanzi kakhulu lweephaneli zesipili kunye nendawo ezinemibala emininzi kwimakethi yaseRussia ibonelela uSiro-Burg (eOstriya). Kukho neepleyiti zezipilisi zabavelisi basekhaya. Ziyinto ethe thile, i-20-25 yeedola nge-1m2.
Uhlobo olunqabileyo olunqabileyo lwe-raters ecinyiweyo kunye nokuhombisa kunye ne-acoustic phaustic chilings ye-rigips (eOstria). Iipleyiti zabo zenziwa ngowomileyo kunye ne-coratication yobuso obuhlobisayo kunye ne-acoustic yayiziva ngolwandiso lwe-6060 cm. Ngobukhulu be-1,3 cm, ubunzima be-1m2 yezi pilisi i-8-9kg.
Ukuze olo phawu luyekisiweyo, inani elikhulu lezibane ezikhethekileyo zaphuhliswa, ezihlengahlengiswayo kubukhulu obuqhelekileyo beepleyiti kwaye zikhubeka ngokulula kwizikhokelo. Kwimibala kwimibala enqunyanyisiweyo idla ngokufowuna i-LUminaists.
Iindidi ezinkulu zokumiswa zikuvumela ukuba ukhethe ezo ziyimfuneko kwimeko nganye - ukuhlola okanye ukuqina okukhethekileyo-kwaye kwangaxeshanye kuthathelwe ingqalelo imiqathango yabo.
Esona sifo siphambili sabo bonke abakhwelisiweyo sinokuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba ayenzelwanga ukuphakama kwesilingi samagumbi asemgangathweni - 2.75m. Owona mgama ubuncinci ukusuka kwisilingi, enokufezekiswa ukusebenzisa iNdibano yokuHlanganisa i-15-20 cm.
Ukujonga okokugqibela malunga nokumiselwa kweminquba, ekufuneka kukhankanyiwe, ziziseko ezivela kwi-hydro fiber okanye iipleyiti ezomileyo. Amaphupha afanelekileyo avela kuzo zonke ezi zinto zingasentla, olu phali lufuna i-trim elandelayo. Inqaku lemigangatho enqunyanyisiweyo eyenziwe ngeepleyibheli ze-gyppum fiber ikwanzima kakhulu: ubunzima obuyi-1m2 yoloyilo olunje ukusuka kwi-18 ukuya kwi-100 kg. Inkampani "I-Avangard Knauf" ibonelela ngeseti epheleleyo yokuqiniswa kokuqina kwi-gypsibe fiber ipleyiti. Inika ukhetho lweemodeli ezimbini ezinesakhelo somthi kunye ne-cream emnandi emibini. Inkampani ye-Aaavstrian i-rigips iphuhlise ikhithi yokwenziwa kwezinto ezifundwayo ukusuka kwindawo eyomileyo eguqukayo, inqaku layo lelinye icala kumacala amabini aqiniswe nge-fiberglass. Ubuncinci be-radiarius ye-curvature yophahla olunje ngama-60cm. Ukufakwa koluyikiso lwale kuphela ziingcali kuphela.
Ukuba uyayazi indlela nothando lokusebenza ngayo emthini, kunokwenzeka ukuba kweyakho kwaye ngaphandle kwendleko ezibonakalayo zokwenza ukuba i-pulywood enqunyanyisiweyo yePlywood, kubandakanya iprofayili enzima. Ukongeza, ekwenzeni i-ceney yentsusa enqunyanyisiweyo, unokucebisa ngezandla zakho ukuba zisebenzise iipaneli zodonga ezikhoyo ezikhoyo.