Izibane zanamhlanje: Ukuhlelwa; Ukuvavanywa kokusasazwa kokukhanya; Iimfihlo ze-LED; iifemu eziboniswe kwimarike yaseRussia; Amaxabiso.
Ukwenzela ukuba kuzibane kumakhaya ethu ukuba zenze intuthuzelo kwaye inegalelo kwimbono eyaneleyo yengaphakathi, kufuneka ilungelelaniswe ngokufanelekileyo.
Intuthuzelo yezindlu zale mihla ayinakuthelekiswa kwisibane esikumgangatho ophezulu, sibulela kakhulu kwaye sikhawuleze kwaye sahlula-hlula ngokuqaqambileyo kokukhanya, umbala kunye nezinto esisebenza nazo. Kule meko, amehlo ethu akafanele angaphezulu kwaye adinwe. Iqala ukufezekisa intuthuzelo ebonakalayo, kuyimfuneko ukuze ikwazi ukumelana neeparameter ezininzi kwinqanaba elithile: Ukukhanyisela okuqinisekileyo, ukusasazeka okungabonakaliyo kokukhanya kwegumbi, umbala ochanekileyo Ukuveliswa kwakhona, i-tenegraphy kunye nokuninzi. Kwaye uqiniseke ukuba yonke le nto iyakunceda izibane. Ngokukhetha ngokuchanekileyo, ukufaka kwaye udibanise ngezinto ezahlukeneyo zengaphakathi kwisitayile, umbala kunye nesikali, iingcali zenza kuphela indawo entle yokuKhanya, kodwa ikwanike i-accial ekhethekileyo.
Zonke izibane ziyi-lamk elungileyo ye-lamk, iinkolelo zoomakhulu wethu, iLampsist kunye ne-Scres, iphupha le-Russia libalwa amashumi amawaka) -inxalenye ezimbini eziphambili: ukukhanya Umthombo (isibane) kunye nokuqiniswa kokuqiniswa. Ezi zinto zibuyisela kwakhona iibhulukhwe ezikhanyayo zesithuba kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ziguqula iipropathi zayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuqiniswa, iimbonakalo zoyilo zichaphazela ngokufanelekileyo umgangatho wokukhanya, zenziwa kubalo lweeparamitha ezithile ze-LIAP.
Ngokwenjongo, izibane bohlulwa babe ngamaqela amathandathu ukudala enye yezi ntlobo zilandelayo kwezibane: a eqhelekileyo, wengingqi, zidibene, zokuhombisa, ziya ekuqhelaniseni nokubona. Ngendlela yokufakelwa, izibane ze-phailies zizinto ezodwa, zinqunyanyisiwe (ngokumiswa kophahla), zingeniswe (kwiindawo ezimiselweyo (kwimigangatho enqunyanyisiweyo), umhlaba ophakathi kunye ne desktop.
Ulawulo lwentsebenzo yokuFunda
Ukusuka kwindlela ukukhanya kwemibane yezibane ezisasazwayo kwisithuba, amandla ethu okukhetha ngokuchanekileyo izinto ezincinci zezinto. Ukususa isabelo esikhanyayo usebenzisa i-curve ekhanyayo (CCC). Okukhona efana ne-oval, eyakhiwe ecaleni kwe-axis yomjelo wokukhanya, esele ithathe ijika kwaye ilunge ngakumbi kukukhanyisela embindini wendawo yokukhanya. Imbono yale jika yeyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kumthombo wokukhanya.I-LUminaires ene-curve encinci yokukhanya Kungcono ukufaka izindlu eziphezulu. Ezi zibane zinokuthelekisa okuphakathi, ezijolise, ezibukhali, ukusebenza kakuhle. Babekhanyisela ubukhali bendawo ethe tyaba. Ukwenzela ukuthambisa ukukhanya, umhlobiso oqaqambileyo wegumbi uyadingeka, kubandakanya nomgangatho. Olu hlobo lwesixhobo esine-halogn lamps, ifakwe kwi-Busbar (elula kakhulu), ihlala isetyenziselwa ukuthambeka kwemizobo, izikrelemnqa kunye nezinye izinto.
Izibane ezinomgangatho ophakathi wokukhanya Isetyenziselwa ukwenza isibane sizonke sitshintsha kakhulu, ukugcwaliswa okwaneleyo kokukhanya, ukonakala okuphakathi kunye nokusasazwa okuqaqambileyo okuqinileyo kumagumbi akwindawo eqhelekileyo kunye nendawo eqhelekileyo yokuphakama.
Izibane ezinendawo enkulu yokukhanya Kulungcono ukhanyiso ngokubanzi kwamagumbi akwimigangatho ephantsi kwaye kudale ukukhanyisela okuthe nkqo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukwabiwa kokukhanya. Kodwa ezi zibane zine-engile encinci yokukhusela, kwaye ufakelo lovavanyo olufuneka kakuhle ukuphepha abafowunelwa bokukhanya ngqo emehlweni.
Apho kuthumela khona imitha
Indlela yomjelo wokukhanya ichaphazela umahluko omnyama nowamhlophe. Ke ngoko, ukuthenga isibane, cela ukuba uza kuthumela khona ukukhanya. Kuxhomekeka kwixabiso lomyinge we-fluax yokukhanya, eyalelwa phezulu, izibane ezikhanyayo zezodwa zibhekiswa kuzo (zonke okanye phantse konke ukuqaqanjelwa), kwasasazwa phezulu (ngokungathi kunjalo Umzekelo, i-crystal chandelier), ibonakalise ukukhanya (konke okanye phantse yonke into yokukhanya iphela ijolise phezulu).
Ukukhanya ukukhanya Yenzelwe ukuba igumbi elisezantsi. Njengommiselo, ezi zilungwini eziqhelekileyo okanye izixhobo ezakhiweyo. Bahluke ngoqoqosho xa besenza ukukhanya kwendawo yokufunda nokusebenza okanye xa eqaqambisa iipeyinti, imizobo, njl.
Izibane zokuKhanya Yiba nempumelelo ephezulu (ukusebenza kakuhle) kwaye zilungele ukukhanya ngokubanzi. Ukwahlulahlulwa ngokusasazwa okulinganayo kokukhanya kokukhanya, kubonakaliswa kumphezulu weendonga, isilingi kunye nomgangatho, kunye neempawu ezithambileyo kunye nokusanda kokukhanya, oko kubalulekile ekudaleni intuthuzelo. Kodwa ukuba iitoni ezimnyama zikho ngoluhlu lwemibala engaphakathi (ngakumbi isilizi kunye neendonga), ke ezo zibane ziya kufuneka zibeke izibane ezinamandla ngakumbi.
Xa uthenga isibane, kubalulekile ukukhangela ukusebenza kwayo, ukuthembeka kokuqina kwamalungu, kulula kangakanani isibane kwikhatriji kwaye kukho ukufikelela ngokulula kwisibane kunye nendawo engaphakathi efuna ukucoca rhoqo. Kuyinto efunekayo ukukhumbula ukuba izinto eziqinileyo zinomhlaba ogudileyo angcolisiwe kwaye kuncitshiswe lula.
Izibane zokubonisa ukukhanya Yenza ezona zibane zikhululekileyo nezingafaniyo, ezihambelana ngokupheleleyo nemilinganiselo yokunciphisa iziphumo zeziphumo ezingaboniyo kunye nokungalunganga, ukubekwa okuhle nokukhanya okanye ukudibanisa kunye nomhla ongaphezulu okanye odibeneyo. Ukonyusa uqoqosho lokukhanyisa, ukugqitywa kwephaphari kuyadingeka ngolungelelwano olugqibeleleyo.
Ukusuka kwi-ABC Svedodizaina
Imbono yangaphakathi ixhomekeke ikakhulu ngokusasazwa kokuqaqamba kunye nombala phakathi kwezinto ezingaphakathi kunye nezinto. Kwaye xa sithenga ingqondo entle yengqondo kwaye siyixhome kwindawo ebonakalayo okanye ukufaka i-bulb ekhanyayo enamandla ngakumbi, umzekelo, iziphumo zinokuba yeyona nto ingalindelekanga, umzekelo: iintloko-ntle nokungalindelekanga. Inyani yile yokuba sinokwaphula izinto ezingapheliyo zokwaphula ulwalamano olunzima lweziphumo zokujonga izinto ezixhonyiweyo, ezithathiweyo ziingcali ze-SPI. Sivula ikhuselo elincinci phezu kweemfihlo zabo.Ukukhanya kunye nendawo
Ngotshintsho ekuqaqambeni kokukhanya, olubonisiweyo kumgangatho, iindonga kunye nophahla, umbono obonakalayo wezinto eziguqukayo zegumbi, unokuyitshintsha "ivolumu yegumbi.
-Ukuqhina komzimba kubonakala kusezantsi, ukukhanya-phezulu. Umgangatho wokukhanya okukhanyayo "unciphisa" ukuphakama kwegumbi. Udonga olulukhanyisiweyo ekupheleni kwepaseji emxinwa iyenza ibe banzi.
-Imibala yeTones efudumeleyo "inyusa izinto (umzekelo, udonga olungwezi lubonakala lusondele), kunye nokubanda".
- Kumagumbi amancinci okubanda okubonakalayo kwendawo kunye nokwandisa ubume bendawo yokukhanya, kuyimfuneko ukonyusa izixhobo zokubonisa kwaye zisebenzise izinto ezibonakalayo ezinobuchule, kwaye zininzi - ukufaka isicelo ukwamkelwa okufanayo, kodwa ngenxa yesini kunye nophahla.
-IiWindows, iipeyinti kunye nezibuko zinegalelo "ukwanda" kwendawo.
-Ukuba nokukhanyisela amagumbi amakhulu, kungcono ukusebenzisa izibane ezithe nkqo.
-Ufanele ukhunjulwe ukuba umbala omnyama "dibanisa" igumbi, kunye nemhlophe - "iyandisa".
-Ukuba kwigumbi elincinci, izibane zibekwe ecaleni kophahla, igumbi liya kubonakala ngathi lixineke. Ukuze uyijonge ngokubonakalayo, kuyimfuneko ukubeka izibane ecaleni komgca otshiswe kwenye yeendonga.
- Egumbini unokukhetha imimandla esebenzayo kungekuphela nje ngamacandelo, kodwa kunye noncedo lwezibane ezikhanyayo zasekhaya, ezinjengelayini.
Okuncinci ukunganyangeki kwimiphumo yemibhalo-ngqangi, amaxwebhu, iifoto, imizobo yepeyinti (i-watercolor, i-domel), i-tapesry, impahla. Ngokwemigangatho, inqanaba lokukhanyisela kwezi zinto akufuneki libe ngaphezulu kwe-50 lecs.
Ukukhanya kunye nefom
Indlela esiyibona ngayo isihloko ixhomekeke ekuqaqambekeni komphezulu wawo kunye nokusasazwa kwamathunzi evelisiwe kuyo. Ke, ukukhanya 'kungalawula "uhlobo lwezinto, ukunyusa okanye, ngelishwa, ukunciphisa ukubonakaliswa kwabo. Eyona nto iphambili apha kukukhetha umkhombandlela we-flux ehamba. Ukuba into yevolumu inyibilikihlayo kuwo onke amacala, inokubonakala ifihla, kuba i-lestring ezininzi ilahlekile.- Esona siphumo sibalaseleyo sinika indibaniselwano yokudityaniswa okanye ukubonakala kwesibane esibonisa ngokuthe ngqo, kodwa xa sisebenza nento (njengokusebenza, ukuba nobuso bomntu), kubaluleke kakhulu kunendima ethambileyo ichithwe okanye ibonakalise ukukhanya.
-Ukufaka isibane sendlela, kuyimfuneko ukuthintela ukwenziwa kwamathunzi angafunekiyo abanakho ukutshintsha ifom kunye neziganeko ezikhanyisiweyo, kunye nendawo yokuhlala.
-Ukuba umphezulu okhanyiselwe nje, amacandelo ayo athatyathwa njengokuxoka kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo.
-Ukuvavanywa kunye namathunzi, unokwenza ezona ntlobo zininzi ze-Indomics ngaphakathi.
Ukukhanya kunye nombala
-Ukuba ukhanyiso olufanayo lwenziwa kwigumbi, emva koko umbala ofudumeleyo ubonwa kakhulu kunokubanda.
-Ukuba umphezulu wezinto, iindonga, njl njl. Ipeyintiwe ngombala omnyama, emva koko ukwenziwa kwazo kunye nokulungisa akuyi kubonakala ngokucacileyo.
- Kwimvelaphi eqaqambileyo, into ebukeka imnyama, kwaye emnyama - ilula.
-Imibala yokufudumala efudumeleyo iphumelele xa ikhanyisa izibane ze-incandascent kunye nokukhupha ukukhanya kobushushu.
Intuthuzelo ye-Svetoft
-Akutyeshelwa okubonakalayo kuphuculwe kukukhanya kwequbuliso kwamathontsi ngequbuliso. Nangona kunjalo, ukukhanya kakhulu kungekho sisombululo siphumelele ngokupheleleyo.-Ukuba ukugqiba kusetyenziswa ukugculelwa kwaye kuyahlukahlukene ngombala wethoni, emva koko i-fago ebonakalayo iyanda. Xa ugqiba iindawo ezinkulu, kungcono ukusebenzisa imibala enomxholo ophantsi.
Umbala kunye nemvakalelo
Kuyaziwa ukuba umbala uchaphazela ngokweemvakalelo umntu.
-Iitoni ezibomvu-zeorenji zinefuthe elichulumancisayo.-Ithoni eluhlaza-eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yenza imvakalelo yokuphola noxolo.
-Ithoni emhlophe neyamnyama igxininisa iparade kunye nomthendeleko wemeko.
Ifanele iqonde ukuba umbono ofanayo unokuxhomekeka kwimozulu yendawo, kunye nendlela yomntu kunye nezinto ezimbi.
Ukusetyenziswa kwangaxeshanye kusetyenziswa ukukhanya kwendalo kunye nendalo, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa izibane ezahlukileyo ze-fluorescent, iiphaneli ezikhazimisayo, izinto ezigqityiweyo zokugqibela, ungasebenzisa i-fluorescen yezibane ezimhlophe kwaye ezifudumeleyo .
Uluvo lweengcali
Kunzima ukuyithetha ngokuqinisekileyo, zeziphi izibane ezingcono ukuzisebenzisa kweli gumbi. Kunokwenzeka kuphela ukuba ucebise ukubambelela kwimithetho ngokubanzi yesixhobo sokukhanya efuleni. Ke, kwipaseji kunye namanye amagumbi, apho imfuno yokukhanya ihlala ihleli, kungcono ukusebenzisa izibane ezikhanyayo ze-compact fluorescent (cll). Kwigumbi eliphilayo zihlala zisebenzisa izibane ze-jikelele kunye nezikhanyayo zasekhaya (apho zifuneka: itafile yekofu, umabonwakude, kwindawo yokuzonwabisa, njl. Njl.). Kwigumbi lokulala, ukukhanya okuthambileyo kokukhanya kwezibane zesibane esibonakalisiweyo kufanelekile. Kufuphi nebhedi, ebhedini ecaleni kwebhedi, unokusibeka isibane samandla asezantsi okanye ukukhanya ebusuku, kunye nemithombo yokukhanya ngokuzala imibala elungileyo ifanelekile. Kumagumbi abantwana, zombini izibane zizonke zizalisekileyo. Ekhitshini, ukongeza ekusebenziseni isibane esiphambili nesibane se-incandese, ufuna ukukhanya kwemimandla yokusebenza apho ukutya kulungiselela khona, ukuhlamba izitya. Le yiZibane ezilula ezinezibane zeFluorescent ukuya kuthi ga kwi-30 W. Ukongeza, izibane ezincinci ezilinganayo zinokusetyenziselwa ukuqaqambisa iikhabhathi, imizobo kunye nenye ifanitshala.Ukusuka ngawamehlo
Ukuthengiswa kwezixhobo zokuKhanya, kunye nezibane ezithile, amakhulu eendawo zokuthengisa zibandakanyeka eMoscow kuphela eMoscow. Njengomthetho, iivenkile zinikwa izibane zemikhombandlela emibini eqhelekileyo: I-classics kunye yanamhlanje. Iifemu ezininzi zeshumi elinambini zinikezelwa kwimarike yaseRussia. Phakathi kwawo isiJamani uJab, i-Hustadt, H. Gautzsch, i-Solken, i-Ardelian, i-Arluen, i-bisman, i-bitrux, i-velux, i-velux, i-Russian Marner "," Electropolitus "," inqaku lenkxaso "kunye nabanye.
Ngenxa yolwandiso olubanzi lwezibane, abaqulunqi bayakwazi ukuzanelisa naziphi na izicelo zabathengi. Ngenxa yoko, uninzi lwamanzi olubonakaliswa kwaye lwasasazeka isibane "secala" kwicala le "icala" elingaphezulu kwentonga eguqukayo, efumaneka kweyona ndawo yamkelekileyo kuwe. Ezinye ze "izitya eziphezulu" zomhlaba wokujika, njengoko zikho uqhagamshelo olunyibilikisiweyo. Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yezibane ixhotywe ngezixhobo (dimmers) ukulungisa ukukhanya, kubandakanya nokusebenzisa iphaneli yolawulo. Kuya kuthengiswa ezinye iindlela ezifanayo kunye nezinye izinto eziyithengiswa kwi-salon yezibane kwi-ordinance. " Zixabisa ukusuka kwi-10 yeedola ukuya kwi-2 000 yeedola.
Kukwakhona nezibane zokuhombisa ngohlobo lwesele, isikhephe, intlanzi, njl njl, enzelwe igumbi labantwana. Zenziwa ngokwenyani yokuba umntwana angakhathaza okanye athobele isibane, ke umzobo wenziwa ngeplastiki, kwaye umthombo wokukhanya uvaliwe nge-domes ekhethekileyo ekhuselekile ekutshisweni.
Inani elikhulu lezibane ezingenisiweyo kunye nezasekhaya zokuhombisa okuhombisayo kunye nokukhanya koyilo zimele i-CJSC ye-CJSC. Uninzi lwezixhobo ze-LAMPS zenziwe ngezi zinto zilandelayo: Iiglasi ze-triplex (okanye i-dupplex); Iglasi yombala, imbonakalo, matte; Iglasi yeMuranian; Umthi (i-beech, i-pine encinci kunye ne-oki); Isinyithi (isitayile phantsi kwegolide, ibronze, i-aluminium, phantsi kwe-Dandulo), kunye nentsimbi yepeyintiwe kuwo nawuphi na umbala. Izisombululo ezingaqhelekanga, umzekelo, ukuxelisa ipatheni yomkhenkce kwiglasi okanye iglasi emanzi (i-roplets emanzini).
Uluhlu olubanzi lwezibane ezonga mandla osindisa amandla anezibane zecomputer fluorescent kunye ne-polycarbontate ebonakalayo yePolycarvate ibonelela ngesibane sombane ngokubanzi. Olu hlobo lwezibane zokonga amandla ngokusekwe kwi-compaccent leacce kwaye i-halogn izibane zenza isityalo sasekhaya "(i-Novgorod). Izibane ezithengiswe yiNkampani "I-Paul" iyavuya kukucuthwa kwemigca, iimilo kunye neepeyinti zeglasi yeMuran kwaye zenziwa ikakhulu kwisitayela sanamhlanje. Amaxabiso avela kwi-100 yeedola ukuya kwi-40,000 yeedola.
Imodyuli "yemodyuli" ibonelela ngezibane zeetayile ezahlukeneyo: i-baroque, i-classic, eye yale mihla, eyenziwe isebenzisa ilitye lendalo, i-gidsting, ikristali. Embindini we-medea ukukhanya nakwiivenkile ze-Aura City, iSonex, Makskie Electro, uza kufumana izibane (ukusuka kwi-500 ukuya kwi-500 ukuya kwi-500,000 yovelisi) zabavelisi basekhaya nabaseYurophu, zombini isitayile seklasikhi kunye nesitayile seklasikhi.