Sixela ngeenzuzo kunye nokungalunganga kwamagumbi amathathu amagumbi kumakhaya ahlukeneyo kwaye bonisa ukuba abacokiswa kunye nabanini bayilo.
Igumbi legumbi legumbi lokulala ezintathu-indawo eyenzelwe ukulungiselela inani elikhulu labantu. Kumakhaya anamhlanje, zonke iimeko zinegalelo koku: UCelings oPhakamileyo, indawo ecingayo yamagumbi, ukubakho kokuphindaphindeka ngokutsha. Kwizakhiwo ezindala kukho iimvakalelo zabo: Uninzi lwamagumbi amancinci anokudibana nobopha olusezantsi. Kwinqaku lethu, siza kuqwalasela ngokweenkcukacha amanqaku angamagumbi ama-3 acwangcisa ukucwangciswa kwezindlu ezahlukeneyo.
Zonke malunga neeshedyuli
Kumakhaya eSoviet-UStolinki
- Khrushchevki
- Brezhnevki
Kwizindlu zanamhlanje
Iingcamango zoBhaliso
Ukucwangcisa amagumbi amagumbi amathathu kumakhaya eSoviet
Ukucwangciswa kwamakhaya eSoviet kuya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto kunye nonyaka wokwakha. Amagumbi anokuba kufutshane, edlula kwaye ahlukane. Izakhono zezinto zixhomekeka ekubeni kunokwenzeka ukuba kufikeleleke ngokutsha. Rhoqo kwizakhiwo ezindala unokujamelana nengxaki yeendonga ezinqabileyo kunye negumbi lokuhlambela elincinci, kodwa kukho izindlu ezinamagumbi aphezulu, amagumbi aphilayo ahlalayo kunye ne-paridar, ezivumela ukuba bahlole indawo.
Stolinka
Izindlu zolu hlobo zakhiwa ukusuka ngo-1933 ukuya ku-1960. Esona sakhiwa kakhulu ziiprojekthi zelungelo lokushicilela kwaye sazithathela ingqalelo iMigaqo yeHolide, ngenxa yoko kukho ubume bemigangatho ye-stalinds enjalo: iziqwengana eziphezulu malunga neemitha ezi-3, amagumbi amakhulu, amagumbi amakhulu kunye namagumbi amakhulu. Izakhiwo eziqhelekileyo zaqala ukwakha nge-1950s. Kuyo, iiprojekthi zoyilo zokuhlala zithobekile kakhulu.
Iimpawu zeTresca kwiTresca kwi-STISCIN zezi zilandelayo: iziqwenga eziphezulu, igumbi lokuhlambela elahlukileyo kunye nendlu yangasese kwaye zihlukane nabanye. Ngokwesiqhelo kwiindawo zokuhlala kukho i-sendall ye-seclill, kukho amagumbi okugcina, kunye namagumbi anokufakwa i-inshunser elungileyo. Indawo iyahluka kwaye ixhomekeke kwizakhiwo ezahlukeneyo. I-migos ibandakanya izinto eziphelelwe lixesha kunye nobunzima bokuphinda-phinda ngokutsha: Iprojekthi ngokwayo ayifanelekanga ukwenza, njengoko ungenazi zonke iimpawu zesakhiwo esidala.
Khrushchevkavka
I-khrushchev ye-khrushchev yeza endaweni ye-stalinkm, zakhiwa ukusuka ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1950 ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka yoo-1980. Ngeli xesha, iindawo zokuyila zatshintshwa kwaye zaphucuka kwaye ziphuculwe ekhaya.
Qaphela ukuba kwizakhiwo zokuqala, i-turedki yayingakhululekanga: Ubume obuyamkelayo, izakhiwo ezincinci, izindlu eziphantsi. Amagumbi ayekufuphi nokudlula, kwaye ezona zinkulu zazo zazikwigumbi lokugcina. Ukucwangciswa kwamagumbi ama-3-egumbini kwizindlu zephaneli kolu hlobo kwahlulwa lisandi esibi kunye nokufakwa kwendonga. I-khrushcavka eli lixesha inamakhitshi amancinci, ke xa kulungiswa ixesha lethu, abanini bezindlu bezama ukubambathisela okungenani ngoncedo lwezihlulelo ezibonakalayo. Kukho enye ingxaki kumakhaya ohlobo-emnyama kunye nezincinci.
Ngo-19606-1975, i-tureski yayinendawo iyonke yeemitha ezingama-44. m, apho i-32 yeemitha. m yayihlala. Ubungakanani bekhitshi bumalunga ne-5.5-6 isikwere. Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yee-1970, izindlu ezitsha ezinqwenelekayo zavela, indawo yamagumbi agumbi amathathu kubo yanda kwi-53 yeemitha. m.
Brezhnev
IBrezhnevka ithathwa njengokuphuculwa kweenguqulelo ze-khrushchev. I-quarasi yabo yanda, izakhiwo zodwa omnye komnye, ifakiwe iifestile ezinkulu, kwaye i-niches kunye neendawo ze-mezzanine zicingelwa ngaphezu kweminyango. EKghrushchev, ubukhulu becala kukho i-balconies, i-loggias ebanzi yavela eBrezhnev.
Ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo be-turedka eBrezhnev - ukusuka kwi-48 yeemitha. m ukuya kwi-56 yeemitha. m, xa kuthelekiswa neekota zamhla, akunakwenzeka ukuba kubizwe. Ngalo lonke ixesha, indawo yoyilo iphucule izakhiwo, ke indlela yokubekwa kunye neempawu zabo ziyahluka. Umzekelo, kwi-towers yezindlu, ubukhulu bekhitshi bufikelela kwiimitha ezili-10. m.
Izindlu zanamhlanje
I-teredki yale mihla ihlulelwe ziintlobo ngeentlobo zeeplanga kunye nobukhulu: zithengiswa ngegumbi eliphakamileyo, elikufuphi nelokudlulisela amagumbi. Kwakhona kukho izitudiyo ezinkulu ezinomenzi wasimahla othetha ukuba iindidi zexesha elizayo ziya kuqulunqa iindonga kwezo ndawo zifuna kuzo. Nangona kunjalo, kulo naluphi na utshintsho ngaphakathi kwindlu, kufuneka ukuba ilungelelanise kunye neprojekthi nganye.
Izakhiwo zanamhlanje zinezibonelelo ezininzi eziphambi kwezindlu zohlobo lwakudala. Iiprojekthi zibandakanya inqanaba elaneleyo lokuthuthuzela, izakhiwo zokuhlala zizama ukungabinazintlu ezinovuyo. Xa kuthelekiswa neeprojekthi eziqhelekileyo, izakhiwo ezitsha zizicwangciso ezinomdla kwaye zingaqhelekanga: Kukho iindawo zokuhlala ezinamanqanaba amabini, izindlu ezinee-windows zePanomic okanye zaseFransi, kunye nezinye iiprojekthi zibandakanya ubukho be-balcony. Iimpawu zokwakha zahlukile kwindlu nganye.
I-3-gumbi le-3
Inketho yabantu abadala ababini
Igumbi elinamagumbi amathathu, lenzelwe abantu ababini, likuvumela ukuba ubonise i-fantasy kwaye uqaphele iinketho zoyilo olunomdla: Shiya igumbi lokuhlala kunye negumbi lokulala kunye ne-ofisi yendawo yokuhlala. Umzekelo, njengakwezi foto zegumbi legumbi eli-3 kwigalari. Kwenzeka ukuba amagqabi amva kwexesha elizayo.
Inketho yosapho kunye nomntwana omnye
Kule meko, igumbi elinye linikezelwa phantsi kwegumbi lokuhlala, uninzi lwayo ngobukhulu. Indawo yonke yesakhiwo ishiywe phantsi kwe-nursery kunye negumbi lokulala. Kwindawo enkulu, usapho luya kuba nakho ukuchitha ixesha kunye, emva koko lwabuya kumagumbi abo.
Inketho yosapho kunye nabantwana beminyaka enye
Inketho yoyilo yangaphambili inokuqwalaselwa ngeli tyala. Ucebisa ukuba abantwana bakhule kwigumbi elinye: ngoko ke kufanelekile ukuba badlale kunye, bafunde kwaye babelane ngeemfihlo zabo. Ubukho bomntwana omnye kwenza ukuba ikwazi ukucwangcisa igumbi lokuhlala eligcweleyo kunye negumbi lokulala labazali. Nangona kunjalo, kufanele ukuba ukhunjulwe ukuba abantwana bakho bezesondo ezahlukeneyo, emva koko ke kwendawo yokuhlala edibeneyo kunokwenzeka kwithuba elithile, uyakufuna amagumbi okulala ahlukeneyo.Inketho yosapho nabantwana abahlukeneyo okanye kumgangatho
Ukuba kwiintsapho zabantwana beminyaka eyahlukeneyo okanye ngesondo, bafuna amagumbi ahlukeneyo. Uninzi lwazo, abaqulunqikayo banikezela ukushiya igumbi lokuhlala kwaye balungiselele onke amagumbi okulala. Ukuba ikhitshi libanzi, ke iba yindawo eqhelekileyo yexesha.
