Sixelela indlela yokukhetha iibhloko zokwakha, yila uyilo kwaye wenze umsebenzi wokunyusa ukubeka isiseko ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo.
Ungawenza njani isiseko kwiibhloko ze-FBS
Ukwahlulahlula kwezintoIingcebiso zokugcina kunye nokuhamba
Uyilo ekhaya
Izibonelelo kunye nokungancedi ii-FBS
Ukwenza njani umsebenzi wokufakelwa
- Senza i-markup
- Umsele okanye ii-boilers
- Isixhobo sedwa
- Uvelisa njani i-masonry
- Amanyathelo ongezelelweyo
Indlu nganye, ingenkulu kakhulu, iyimfuneko kwinkxaso, ngaphandle kokuwa, iya kuwa emhlabeni phantsi kwempembelelo yomhlaba, ohlala ihamba, ngaphandle kokuba Ewe kunjalo, isakhiwo asimi kwilitye elikhulu. Isiseko sezakhiwo ezenzelwe indawo yokuhlala ejikeleze i-hards eyenziwe ngezitena okanye izingodo ezinzima zilungelelaniswe ngeendlela ezininzi. Ngamnye kubo uneengenelo ezithile nezingalunganga. Apha ngezantsi kuya kuba ngumyalelo wamanyathelo ngamanqanaba okwenza umsebenzi wesiseko kwiibhloko ze-FBS, kunye nohlalutyo lokuthelekisa oluvumela ukuthelekisa ezinye iitekhnoloji.
Ukwahlulahlulwa kweentlobo zebhlokhi
Iimveliso zahlukile ngokobukhulu, ubunzima kunye namandla, kunye nobukho okanye ukungabikho kwe-faid ye-wiring kunye nolunye unxibelelwano. Kwimeko yokugqibela, i-FBP "isetyenzisiwe. Njengommiselo, ukulunga akubekwanga kwisisombululo kwinqanaba lemveliso, ngaphandle kokuzinza kwimithwalo kuncitshiswa ngokubonakalayo. Ukuqiniswa kuyabekwa ukuze kulandelwe iimeko zefektri, kodwa la manyathelo awasoloko efunwa, kodwa ukuphakama kuphela kwaye ubukhulu bezakhiwo ezixhasayo zesakhiwo.
Iindidi ezintathu zekhonkrithi zisetyenziswa njengesixhobo: ubunzima, isilwanyana, idongwe ene-2400, 200 ne-1800 kg / m3. Ukuchasana nokusasaza imithwalo ethe nkqo kuxhomekeke kule parameter. Ezi ntlobo zintathu ziboniswe ekumatshisweni koonobumba abathathu: "T" - ubunzima; "I-P" - kwi-postregaregates ye-poroung, oko kukuthi, udongwe; "C" sisilizi.
Iklasi ngamandla ecinezelayo icacisiwe kwitafile
| Iklasi | Amandla aphakathi, kgf / cm² | Isisombululo |
| B3.5 | 45.8. | M50 |
| B7.5 | 98.2 | M100 |
| B12.5 | 163.7 | M150 |
| B15 | Ngo-196.5 | M200 |
Ukuchasana ne-rost kungaphezulu kwamaqhinga angama-50 kunye nokutyibilika. Ukuba sicinga ukuba icala elingaphakathi sesakhiwo lihlala linxibelelana nomoya ofudumeleyo, olungayivumeli ukuba likhulule, ubomi benkonzo buba bungaphezulu kweyona izakhiwo eziqhelekileyo ezinokuthenjwa.
Ukuchasana kwamanzi i-W2 ngokuthembekileyo kuyakhusela umswakama ukuba isisombululo se-Masonry asisilele, kwaye ukuba ubalo lweprojekthi lwenziwe ngaphandle kweempazamo.
Zonke iimveliso zixhotyiswe ngokuphakamisa i-hinges eziyimfuneko ukuze bathathe itephu. Xa ufaka, bagobile ngokulula kwaye abazenzi naziphi na iingxaki, kodwa kunokwenzeka ukubavelise kwaye ngaphandle kwazo.
Imigangatho ekhoyo ivumela ubungakanani bezinto ezingekho mthethweni kunye nobunzima.
Ukugcina kunye nokuhambisa izinto
Ukugcinwa kufuneka kwenziwe kwizitampu ezinobude obuyi-2,5 m, bodwa kwindawo eqinileyo negudileyo. Umqolo ngamnye kufuneka uxoke ngemigca yeplanga kunye nobungqingqwa be-3 cm. Umgaqo ofanayo usebenza ngezothutho. Umthwalo kufuneka umiselwe kakuhle emzimbeni ngendlela yokuthintela intshukumo yayo. Ukuphakama kwesitaki kuxhomekeke kumthamo wokuphefumla kwemoto.
Uyilo ekhaya
Ukusukela ngo-Matshi 1, 2019, i-Subbacbarban Pelinal yendlu yahlulwe yangamacandelo amabini:
- Indlu yeGadi;
- Into yokwakha ngokwahlukeneyo (iZhs).
Kwimeko yokuqala, ukwakhiwa kunokuba yiyo nantoni na: ukusuka kwisakhiwo esincinci sendawo yokuhlala yexesha elithile kwi-cottage. Ngolwesibini, yindawo yokuhlala epheleleyo apho umniniyo unelungelo lokufumana ubhaliso njengakwindawo yokuhlala. Ngohlobo olunjalo lobunini, kukho imigangatho yesondlo kunye nenqanaba lobugcisa kunye nezakhiwo zonke zokuhlala. Ukufumana uxwebhu oluvumela ukuba uqwalasele into enjalo enezindlu ezigcweleyo, le projekthi kufuneka yenziwe kwaye yamkelwe kwiimeko zikarhulumente. Ifanele ibandakanyeke kuphuhliso lwalo kubandakanya ukubala icandelo elingaphantsi komhlaba, kufuneka intlangano enelayisensi efanelekileyo.
Kwindlu yegadi, yonke into awayeyijonga ngayo umbono wobunjineli, le mvume ayizukudingeka. Ngobunzima obuncinci beendonga kunye nophahla, iiparamitha zobugcisa zinokubekwa ngomngcipheko wazo, zikhokelwa ngamava obuqu. Ukuba indlu yegadi icwangcisiwe ukuba yakhiwe kwinkulungwane yenkulungwane yokufumana indlela yokudluliselwa kwi-Izhs, kungcono ukunxibelelana nombutho woyilo.
Iinjineli ezinamava kufuneka ziqale ihlolisise umhlaba kwintsimi apho kucwangciswa khona ukwakhiwa. Kwindawo yodongwe, ebonakaliswa kukushukuma kunye nokukhulula okunzulu, kuyimfuneko ukubeka isiseko esinzima se-0.7 m. I-0.5 m. Uyilo lwe-LICT luvumelekile apha. Eyona kuphela ifanele ibekwe ngaphantsi komgca wokukhulula, kuba xa ipholile kubushushu obune, umhlaba uqalisa ukwandisa. Ubunzulu bokuxhonywa nokwahlukileyo kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lamanzi aphantsi komhlaba. Mhlawumbi uphando luza kubonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwesisombululo esithile sobunjineli kule ndawo akusamkelekanga. Kukwamele iilensi zamanzi - amaqela amanzi aphantsi komhlaba asenziwe kwi-Clay Faker, egqunywe ngentlabathi. Indlela yobugcisa obukhethekileyo kuphela iyakwazi ukubazisela.
Ububanzi kunye nokuphakama, kunye nazo zonke iimpawu zesakhiwo, akufuneki zithathwe kwiliso. Yenza izigqibo ezifanelekileyo ngokusekwe kwimilinganiselo efanelekileyo kunye nokubala kuphela ziingcali ezifanelekileyo.
Isicwangciso seSiseko seNdlu siyinxalenye yeprojekthi yakhe. Yinto ethe tyaba kumda ophezulu. Njengomthetho, isikali se-1: 200 okanye u-1: 400 sithathiwe. Isicwangciso kufuneka simakishwe lonke unxibelelwano, igalelo labo. Ulwazi kufuneka luboniswe kwinqaku lobugcisa. Inxalenye yegraphic ibonisa ubume bezinto ezimiselweyo kuzo zonke ii-tiers. Ukuba amacandelo e-Monolithic acingelwa, kuya kufuneka kuqatshelwe kumzobo kunye nayo yonke idatha yezobugcisa.
I-PROS kunye nesiseko esivela kwiibhloko ze-FBS
NgokWAKWENZIWA KOKWENZIWA KOKUGQIBELA, ubukhulu becala iintlobo ezimbini zezakhiwo ezixhasayo zezindlu ezakhiwe ukusuka kwilogo ezinzima, izitena kunye nezinye izinto ezinobunzima obukhulu zisetyenziswa:
- Ikhonkrithi Monolithic Cushion, indalo ebandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwendlela yokwenza;
- Ukuqokelela.
I-monolithic ribbon ihlala ihleli, kodwa iguqulwe kancinci, ke inamathuba amancinci okusinda xa umhlaba ugobile. Ukulandelwa kwendlela yesibini kuluncedo. Ngotyalo-mali olufanayo nolwakhiwo, ukuba luyasetyenziswa, umsebenzi uza kwenziwa ngokukhawuleza, kuba akuyi kubakho sidingo sokulinda iiveki ezine xa isisombululo sendlela sidala kwaye sizuze amandla ayimfuneko.
Elinye inqaku elahlukileyo kukuba kungenzeka ukuba usebenzisa ibhloko ebunzi ebusika. Kuya kufuneka ukhunjulwe ukuba umxube kubushushu obubi buye buqhutywa bububi kwaye bafumane ukunqunyulwa okuncinci kunemozulu eyomileyo yemozulu efudumeleyo. Nangona kunjalo, kwaneempawu zalo ezihlazo ziya kwanela xa isixhobo seTape sanele. Ukuba ixesha lomatshini wokucinezelwa, ayinamsebenzi ukuba ibonisa i-thermometer esitratweni - kunye okanye thabatha. Ukulinda intwasahlobo akufuneki.
Ibhonasi ebalulekileyo kukuba kungenzeka ukuba kwenziwe kwiimveliso ezisetyenzisiweyo. Isitokhwe sabo sibambe ngaphezulu kweminyaka eli-100.
Inqanaba leprojekthi lenziwe lula, kuba kulula ukubeka ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo obuqhelekileyo kunokuba bala i-parameter ye-formokho.
Ukuphazamiseka kukuba ufakelo luya kufuna ukuphakamisa i-crane ukuba ibekwe kwindawo leyo. Ewe, ukuba kukho i-winch ye-winch okanye indlela yokuphakamisa yasekhaya, kodwa ayinakwenzeka ukuba ingavumi ukuba ibeka isisombululo kwifosholo okanye impompo ilula kakhulu.
Ungayenza njani umsebenzi kulwakhiwo lomhlaba
Njengoko sele sibonile, senze konke oko asizukusebenza ngezandla zethu-ukufumana idatha ebaliweyo, izixhobo ezizodwa ziyafuneka, kwaye zisuse kwaye zifake kakuhle i-googo enobunzima obunokubakho okanye i-brigade .Senza i-markup
Kuya kufuneka uqale ngokulungiselela intsimi. Kuyimfuneko ukubala kwangaphambili apho i-crane iya kuphakama, apho indawo yokugcina iya kuba khona.
Emva kokuba lonke uphazamiseko kupheliswa kwaye kukho isicwangciso sokusebenza esicacileyo, uphawu lwe-perimeter lwenziwe. Kukho ii-angles zekamva ekhaya, izikhonkwane ezinamaflegi ziqhutywa kwezi ndawo, kwaye intambo isoluliwe phakathi kwabo. Izikhonkwane kufuneka zibe phakathi kwetheyiphu yekhonkrithi eyenziweyo kumgama omnye ukusuka ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Ukubaqhuma phantsi kumgama wemitha ukusuka kumda ukuze bangaweli kunye nomhlaba otyhafileyo. Iiflegi ziyafuneka ukuze ube ne-crane kunye ne-excavator ngcono.
Ke izinto ezibalulekileyo ezigciniweyo zibonisiwe, ubukho abaya kuchaphazela isixhobo esisisiseko. Ukuba isakhiwo sine-perimeter entsonkothileyo kunye nobume, uphawu lwenziwe ngepende, i-chalk okanye i-lime. Kwangelo xesha, ukuthenga kunye nokuhanjiswa kwezinto kuthengwa. Inani lezinto ezikhethiweyo kwaye indawo yazo kwi-Masonry igqitywe kwinqanaba loyilo.
Umsele okanye jithiwe?
I-ribbon isiseko esivela kwiibhloko ze-FBS sibekwe kumsele okanye pita. Inketho yokugqibela ifanelekile ukuba umgangatho womhlaba ucwangcisiwe, okanye ukuba umhlaba uvulekile. Kuyanyanzeleka ukuba ukuyiphosa xa ibeka phantsi koyilo oluphambili lweepleyiti ezikhethekileyo, enefomu ye-tradizoid encinisiweyo, evumela ukuba basasaze ngcono umthwalo.
Kwimeko yokuqala, ububanzi bumalunga ne-1,5 m, kuthathelwa ingqalelo indawo yokuntywila, ubushushu kunye nokungaphantsi kwamanzi, kunye nobunzulu be-0.5-0.9 m, okwesibini isiseko sikhulu kakhulu. Kuzo zombini iimeko, ezi parameter kufuneka zithathwe ngokweprojekthi. Kwimimandla ebandayo apho umhlaba ukhulula ubunzulu beemitha ezininzi, akufuneki uye nzulu kwinzululwazi. Ukongeza ukongeza i-20-30 cm ayifanelekanga.
Umhlaba ungcono ukusonga kude kwindawo ukuze ungagqithisi indlela yokufikelela kwaye ayiphazamisi intshukumo.
Isixhobo sedwa
Kuxhomekeka kwipropathi yomhlaba, ilitye elityunjiweyo okanye umqamelo wentlabathi okanye ibhanti kwiipleyiti zeFL. Inketho yokuqala ilungele imihlaba ye-sedentary, yesibini - yokususwa komxholo wodongwe olukhulu. Ifuna utyalomali olubalulekileyo, kodwa luqinisekisa ukuzinza okuyimfuneko kulwakhiwo. Endaweni yeepleyiti, indlela yendlela yokusebenza ihlala isetyenziswa. Kuyabiza kakhulu, kodwa xa isetyenziselwa, kuya kufuneka ilinde iiveki ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-4 de kube amabali esokola aze akhuphe amandla e-vintage. Nangona kunjalo, ukhetho lunikwa yena ikakhulu kuye. Yiqwalasele ngakumbi ngakumbi. Umphezulu ulungelelaniswe kwaye umqamelo weshumi elinesihlanu ovela entlabathini ucwangcisiwe kuwo. Ukusuka phezulu, ilitye elityunjiweyo ali-15 cm ligalelwe. Ukonyusa ukusebenza kolu womkelweyo, umaleko ngamnye kufuneka itywine umaleko ngamnye ngentambo yencwadi okanye i-fibibindial. Izinto ezenziwa ngokukhawuleza xa zimanzi. Ngobuthathaka bomhlaba obuthathaka, iibhloko zinokubekwa kwisiseko esinjalo. Masithi umhlaba uqulethe inani elikhulu lodongwe, kwaye kusafuneka senze ikhonkrithi.
Umsebenzi wendlela uhlanganisene kwiibhodi ezigudileyo ukuze umxube ungaphumeleli. Bomelezwa zizibonda kunye nokugcina i-backups ukungabi nakuphantsi koxinzelelo kwaye musa ukuwa. Isakhelo sokuqinisa ifakwe ngaphakathi, siquka iintonga ezithe tyaba ngobungqingqwa be-10-15 mm, ibethwe ngaphezulu kwemiphetho ukusuka phezulu nangaphantsi kwaye senze ubuso obune. Ngoncedo lwe-wire, babopha omnye komnye kunye neentonga ezithe nkqo ezithe nkqo okanye iibrakethi ezibaleka kwi-10 ukuya kwi-20 cm. I-KAKAs kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo kwisisombululo kunye nokubekwa i-comrosion, ke yona ibotshelelwe kwii-racks ezincinci zentsimbi kuyo yayikukuqina kwe-1-2 cm ngaphezulu komhlaba. Oku kuyakuvumela ukuba ingene ngokupheleleyo kumxube hayi kakhulu ukusuka phezulu, kodwa iphantsi. Ezantsi zinokufakwa kwi-fashproofer exabiso eliphantsi kakhulu ukuze iqhezu lolwelo alihle.
Ukuthulula kwenziwa kancinci kwaye ngokulinganayo. Ukutywina umxube kunye nokuphelisa ukungasebenzi, kubalulekile ukuba ugalele ifosholo okanye intonga yensimbi. Kwinqanaba lokugqibela, umphezulu uhambelana. Kwimozulu eshushu kuya kufuneka ichithe rhoqo. Ngaphandle koko, ii-rocks ziya kube zezona kunye ne-shrintage ebukhali nengalinganiyo.
Uvelisa njani i-masonry
Ikhonkrithi yekhonkrithi m100 ibekwe kwisiseko. Ngokomyinge, iilitha ezili-10 zichithwe ngokomndilili. Ukuze zonke izinto zange kwangaphambili zimi kanye, intambo yazo zolula ukusuka emphethweni ukuya emphethweni wodonga. Iibhloko zibonisiwe kwinqanaba ukuze amaqela abo aphezulu. I-thungs phakathi kwabo igalelwe isisombululo. Umqolo ngamnye kufuneka ubekwe phantsi, ususa kwiziseko zebhanti zangaphandle eziphakathi.Amanyathelo ongezelelweyo
Isiseko, nakwimimandla esemazantsi, apho kuwa khona ixesha elincinci, kufuna amanzi. Emhlabeni, umswakama uhlala eqokelela loo nto kunokubangela ukuvela kwezinto, kushiya umsantsa, oyitshabalalisa. Kule nto akwenzeki, unokusebenzisa i-mastic yolwelo. Kwisiqwengana esiphakathi, apho umhlaba umanzi, kuyacetyiswa ukuba wenze iqokobhe elongezelelweyo kwirabhasi.
Uyilo luya kuba namandla kwaye luhlale luhleli, ukuba ngaphezulu kwendlela yokusebenza usebenzisa olunye ungqindilo lwekhonkrithi kunye nobungqingqwa obuvela ngasentla, kwaye Kungcono ukubeka iintonga ezongeziweyo ezivela ngezantsi.
Ngemiyalelo eneenkcukacha, jonga ividiyo.