Abanini beenqwelwana kunye nezindlu ngaphandle kwesixeko kufuneka bacinge ngendlela yokuhambisa amanzi endlwini. Ke indlela yokukhetha izixhobo zokubonelela ngamanzi? Masizame ukuyifumana
Ke, unomthombo wamanzi. Iqula linokusebenza njengequla, iqula elinamanzi okusela okanye iqula lobuchwephesha esitratweni apho ityhubhu yoluntu idlula khona kwaye unxibelelwano lwenu lumelwe. Ngayiphi na imeko, indlela yombhobho wesitalato yokusetyenziswa ngokujikelezayo kufuneka ibonakale ngaphantsi kwenqanaba leqonga lomhlaba ukuze amanzi akuyo manzi anemigangatho eqinileyo.
Yeyiphi imibhobho?
Kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini eyadlulayo, yonke into yayilula kwaye icacile ngemibhobho: imibhobho yentsimbi yasetyenziswa-inyibilikisiwe, kunqabile. Ngoku uluhlu lwemibhobho yokunikezelwa kwamanzi kwandise kakhulu.
Imibhobho yeViega, i-Smartpress Series (i-Stainess Syltings)
Imibhobho yeempuphu zamanzi e-Cottage ikhethwe ngokusisiseko kwiimpawu zazo zobuchwephesha, ubomi benkonzo, ukulula, ukwenziwa kokufakwa kwaye, kunjalo, iindleko. Imibhobho eyenziwe ngee-polymers (Peliethylene, iPolypropylene PP, i-PVC Polyvinyl Chloride, njl. Njl. Elokugqibela kubandakanya imibhobho ye-polymer yentsimbi kunye nemibhobho yepolymer yaqiniswa ne-fiberglass.
Imibhobho yeViega, uthotho lobuchwephesha (ubhedu)
Sikhetha umxholo
I-Polypropylene (PP)
Imibhobho yePolyProplene yahlulwe ngexabiso eliphantsi. Masithi 1 pose Umbhobho we-PP engafakwanga ye-PP onobubanzi obuyi-20 mm unokuthengwa kwi-ruble ezingama-25 ukuya kwengama-30. I-Polypropylene ingqongqo kakhulu, imibhobho ebambe ifom, kodwa ayikwazi ukugoba. Unxibelelwano lwemibhobho ye-PP kunye ne-Fiflengs yenziwa kusetyenziswa i-welding. Oku kufuna isixhobo esikhethekileyo, nangona kunjalo, sinokuthengwa malunga ne-1 lamawaka ruble. Eyona nto iphambili kwimibhobho ye-PP yingxaki yobushushu obukhulu xa ishushu. Ezinye iimodeli zomphumo azinakusetyenziselwa ukupompa i-pumps ngeqondo lobushushu ngaphezulu kwe-60 ° C. Umzekelo, ezi yimiphetho eyenziwe nge-propylene ngokungagungqiyo (eboniswe yi-PP-R). Ngoku abavelisi batshintshela kwi-thelyproplecial Polyproplene (i-PP-RCT), eyenzelwe ukuba ibe yi-85 ° C ngemeko yootatolo-ntsapho abaza kulungelelaniswa kwemibhobho. Kwindima yabo, kukho iindawo ezahlukileyo zombhobho okanye i-p-facked faka.| Ububanzi Imibhobho, yabona | I-Pipe Draizental, CM | I-PP ye-PP equleni, yabona | I-PNTP PNT vertucial, cm | I-PP ye-PP ithe tye, cm |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amashumi amabini | I-35-40 | 45-50 | I-50-55 | I-60-65 |
| 25. | 40-45 | I-60-65 | I-70-75 | I-75-80 |
| 32. | 45-55 | I-70-75 | I-90-100 | I-100-110 |
| 40. | I-50-65 | 90-95 | I-110-120 | I-130-140. |
* Inyathelo lixhomekeke kuhlobo lwemibhobho kunye nobushushu bamanzi (le theyibhile ibonisa amaxabiso amane amaqondo angama-20 ° C, ngokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa, inyathelo liyancipha).
Uxinzelelo oluphantsi i-Polythylene (PND)
Ibhekisa kwenye yeentlobo zexabiso eliphantsi ngemibhobho. I-Bay Pipe enobubanzi obuyi-20 mm kunye ne-25 m ingathengwa i-ruble eyi-400-500. Imibhobho ye-PND inyamezele kakuhle amaqondo obushushu apha ngezantsi kwe-zero kwaye ahlala esetyenziselwa ukwenza iyelenqe lesitrato, kodwa, njengomthetho, akafanelekanga ukuba amanzi aneqondo lobushushu ngaphezulu kwe-40 ° C.
I-Polythylene Tolythylene Tubes kunye ne-Finetings (PND) zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi xa zibeka amanzi ngaphandle kwamanzi
| Uhlobo lombhobho | Polyproplene | I-polyethylene Uxinzelelo olusezantsi | I-Feeraticy | I-polylethylene | Intsimbi | Ubhedu |
| Iimbonakalo | Ixilongo elinzima, eyoqoqosho enye yexabiso eliphantsi, iqhubeka nonxibelelwano olungabhalwanga, lumele ubushushu obuphezulu | Kwezoqoqosho ngenye yexabiso eliphantsi, isoyike i-ultraviolet | Ityhubhu eguquguqukayo, ikhutshiwe ikhutshiwe, engenakufumaneka kwioksijini, ingoyiki ubushushu bamanzi aphezulu | Umbhobho oguquguqukayo, ohlanganisene kwi-Inftile Goaund, unyamezele kakubi iziphumo zokukhanya kwelanga | Ixilongo elinzima, intambo, i-welding okanye i-cremings | Ukuxhathisa iikhemikhali bhetyebhetye, Kulungile imbonakalo, ixabiso eliphezulu |
| Isicelo | Uncedo lwamanzi abandayo, Uhlobo lwe-PP-rct kunye nokunikezelwa kwamanzi okushushu, i-wiring yasekhaya | Inethiwekhi yesitalato yemibhobho yamanzi | Ukufudumeza, ukuhambisa amanzi, i-wiring engaphandle | I-GAIDSE YOKUGCINWA KWAMAXESHA (Umgangatho ofudumeleyo) kunye nokuBonelelwa kwamanzi | Uhlobo lwe-Universal lusetyenziswe kuyo yonke indawo | Ukufudumeza, ukuhambisa amanzi amanzi (kubandakanya izinto zokuhombisa) |
Intsimbi yentsimbi (MP)
La yimibhobho ye-Mulayer apho izingqengqelo zangaphandle nezodonga lombhobho zenziwe ngezinto ze-polymeric, kwaye phakathi kwabo ngumaleko we-aluminium. Imibhobho ye-MP yenzelwe ikakhulu ukufudumeza, kuba uyilo lwabo luphelisa ukwahluka kweoksijini ngeendonga zabo. Kodwa zikwasetyenziselwa ukudinwa kwamakhaya ngenxa yezinto ezininzi ezakhayo: ziyaguquguquka, ngelixa zibambe ifom kwaye aziboneleli ngezipho zobushushu obungabonakaliyo. Ukongeza, zanele ukufumana ngokulula ngoncedo lokuqhekeka. Ezo zinto zininzi zikhokelela ekusasazeni imibhobho ye-MP, ngaphandle kweendleko eziphakamileyo (ixabiso labo limalunga ne-1.5-2 amaxesha aphezulu kuneyona ye-PP, i-Fineltings imalunga nexabiso eliphindwe kabini). Kuya kufuneka, nangona kunjalo, khumbula ukuba izinto ezisuswayo azisozimo zeyona ndlela inokuthenjwa. Imeko yendawo enjalo kufuneka ibekwe esweni kwaye ihlolwe rhoqo kwiinyanga ezintandathu unyaka. Ukuba unxibelelwano lwenziwe buthathaka, kufuneka luqiniselwe. Izinto ezisuswayo ezisuswayo azinakubekwa kwikhonkrithi yekhonkrithi okanye ngenye indlela engabandakanyi ukubakho kokufikelela kunye nokuhlolwa.
Imibhobho ye-UPORO yenziwe kwi-Aluminum ye-Aluminum ye-aluminium
I-polylethylene
I-Ibilisiwe ebizwa ngokuba yiPolythylene, ephathwe ngendlela ekhethekileyo (umzekelo, indlela yekhemikhali okanye i-Uv Arradiation), ukuze imixokelelwane yeemolekyuli zayo iqhagamshelwe omnye komnye. Izinto ezinjalo zifunyanwa zomelele kakhulu, zixhathise kakhulu imichiza kwaye zomelele. Imibhobho evela kuyo imalunga ne-80-120 ruble. Kwi-1 p. m, zinokusetyenziselwa ukubanda, kunye nokunikezelwa kwamanzi ashushu. Zisetyenziswa ngokuqina okungaziwayo ze-crust kwaye ngokubanzi ziphakathi kwezona zinketho zinokuthenjwa. Ukuqina kweendonga kuyabakhusela kumonakalo ngexesha lokugoba kunye nokuncwina. Ekuphela komda kuphela i-Polythylene ibonakale ukukhanya kwelanga ngokuthe ngqo.
I-uperul proutitan rautitan flex (i-rehau) yokufudumeza kunye nokunikezelwa kwamanzi; Izixhobo-I-Pe-XA Polythylene
Iimpawu zobugcisa kwimibhobho
Lonke ulwazi oluyimfuneko luhlala luboniswa kumbhobho. Yiyo loo nto, kuqala, uhlobo lombhobho kunye nezinto ezenziwe ngazo. Ububanzi boxinzelelo lokusebenza kunye noxinzelelo lwealthy lunokuboniswa (ukumakishwa kwe-PN akukhange kube kunyanzelekile, kodwa kuhlala kusetyenziselwa uxinzelelo oluvumelekileyo lokusebenza kwiqondo lobushushu lama-20 ° C). Umzekelo, i-PP-R DN32 PN10 yi-polyproplene tube ene-diameter ye-32 mm kwaye yenzelwe ukufumana uxinzelelo lwe-10 bar. Okanye, umzekelo, i-PP-R / PP-R GF / PP-RCT (SDR11). Ijongeka iyothuka, kodwa enyanisweni yityhubhu emithathu, i-sueer ephakathi - yaqiniswa ne-fiberglass polypropylene, eyenzelwe i-ARD. I-SDR yiparamitha eboniswe ngokwemigangatho yaseYurophu, endaweni ye-PN ephelileyo. Ixabiso elingenamlinganiselo libonisa umyinge wobubanzi bangaphandle kombhobho wobukhulu bodonga lwePolymer. Ixabiso elincinci, ukuphakama kwengcinezelo enokumelana nombhobho. I-SDR6 kuthetha ukuba imibhobho iya kunyanzelisa uxinzelelo lwe-25 ATM, i-SDR11 - 12 ATM, SDR26 - 4 ATM.
Abavelisi bahlala basebenzisa ilebheli yombala: Imibhobho enemigca ebomvu yenzelwe amanzi ashushu, eblowu-kubanda. Ngokubanzi, nobuchule obuthile kubalulekile ukuba ufunde ukuqonda zonke ezi zinto zoyilo.
Yintoni entsha kumbhobho kunye nolungiso?
Ukusuka kwi-novelties, okokuqala, ukulungiswa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo ezibonakalayo ezinokuthenjwa ngakumbi minyaka le. Akuzange kube kudala, umzekelo, izinto ezenziwe nge-ralliedylene enxibe i-rautiitan nge-rautiitan gillbe (i-rehau), ngaphandle kokunxiba. Okanye, umzekelo, i-viega ye-Viega inobuchule, enkosi apho kufakelwe khona imibhobho yentsimbi engenasitali (i-Sanpres Inox), i-Pestanimed In (Prostanic) okanye i-Prestanic) okanye i-Prestanity (i-Prestani) ayifuni i-Doread, igcine ixesha kwaye ingamampunge i-fered.
Ukuguquguquka kwemibhobho yepolymer inika inzuzo eyongezelelweyo xa kufakwe
Qaphela imbonakalo yemibhobho eyenziwe ngezinto ezintsha zokuzala. Oku kuhlala kusetyenziswa izinto ezibini ezidityanisiweyo, ezinje ngeemveliso ze-polylethylene enamathele kwi-inter engaphakathi ethintela ioksijini, njengoko kwi-COPEX HT (OVveve.). Okanye imibhobho yepolymer ene-poides engaphandle ikhusela kwiziphumo ze-Ultraviolet. I-UPORORO inombhobho wombhobho we-nopolly kunye ne-tube yamanzi amaninzi ene-Aluminum engaphandle ye-aluminium egqunywe nge-varnish. Lo uyilo lugcina zonke iingenelo zemipipi ye-polymer yentsimbi, kodwa ukongeza kwaye ijongeka ngcono kakhulu.
Ukufakwa kwenkqubo yokubonelela ngamanzi usebenzisa imibhobho yensimbi yensimbi (a).
Kukho ezinye izinto ezakhayo. Ke, ukuqiniswa kwe-basalt okanye i-fiberglass ikuvumela ukuba unyuse amandla ombhobho amaxesha aliqela kunye namaxesha amathathu anciphise ukwanda kobushushu. Ingaphezulu kakhulu ijongeka ngathi yimibhobho eneempawu ze-antibacteritery, ezinjenge-HP PRP Nano Ag (I-HP Trand). Umxholo wezinto zesilivere kunye nezinto ezithintelayo ukubaluleka kwebhaktiriya kunokubaluleka kwiimeko zokuxhaphaza okungekho mthethweni kombhobho.
Ukufaka ngaphakathi eludongeni kwaye kwikhonkrithi yekhonkrithi, kuphela iityhubhu ezinemigangatho engaziwayo esetyenzisiweyo, engafuneki kulondolozo rhoqo. Ukuba ufakelo lwezixhobo ezinjalo lufuna isixhobo esikhethekileyo, ungayifumana
I-Sergey Bulkin, iNtloko yeNkxaso yeNkxaso yeNkxaso yezoBugcisa yeRehau kwiiNkqubo zobunjineli bobuchwephesha eMpuma Yurophu
Zonke iitekhnoloji ezihlanganisiweyo zinokwahlulwa zibe ziiklasi ezimbini-eziqondakalwe kwaye zingena kwifreyitive. Esokuqala ibandakanya unxibelelwano oluthe ngcembe, oluneflethi kunye nefleni. Ukungancedi kakuhle kwazo zonke iindawo ezikhutshiweyo kukwenza buthathaka kakhulu ixesha kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ukophulwa amandla kunye nokuqina. Unxibelelwano kufuneka luqiniswe ngamanye amaxesha. Ke ngoko, ngokwemigangatho yokwakha, kuyathintelwa ukuba kwakhiwe imibhobho kunye nezinto eziphefumlelweyo ngendlela efihlakeleyo. Unxibelelwano lwasekhaya alufuni kulondolozo rhoqo kwaye livumele i-gasket efihliweyo kunye nabo. I-computer yi-axial ecinezela ngoncedo lwemikhono egadiweyo ithathwa njengeyona iguquguqukayo kwaye ibonelela ngoqhagamshelo olutshintshiweyo ngokupheleleyo.
IBhodi yomhleli enkosi Viega, Rehau, Leroy Merlin, u-Uponor wokulungiselela ukulungisa izinto.