Sikhuluma ngomgomo womsebenzi wohlelo lokudonsa amanzi, izici zokuklama, izinhlobo kanye nobuchwepheshe bokudonswa kwezitayela.
Umswakama ophezulu kwisakhiwo uhlala mubi. Umswakama owedlulele ubhubhise izakhiwo, uphazamise ukukhula okujwayelekile kwamasimu. Ukususa amanzi amaningi, sebenzisa uhlelo lwamapayipi ama-drainage. Sizobhekana nokuthi yimaphi amapayipi, ukuthi asebenza kanjani nokuthi angawabeka kanjani.
Konke mayelana nokuza nokufakwa kwazo
Isebenza kanjaniUmehluko owakhayo wezinto zokudonsa amanzi
Izinto zokwakha ipayipi
Izici zeMontage
Ukuthi ipayipi le-drainage lisebenza kanjani
I-Drainage uhlelo lwamapayipi, anciphisa amanzi amaningi ensimini. Kungaba yinto ephakeme noma ejulile. Esimweni sokuqala, ama-grooves axhunywe kwinethiwekhi ephelele, eqoqwe futhi ahlukaniswe umswakama. Ukuze uhlele imiphetho, izitimela-drain zihlanganiswe ngaphakathi. Ukujula ukujuluka kuhlangene kumapayipi. Ziboshwe ngokujula okuthile, xhuma kwinethiwekhi nokungcwaba.
Khipha amapayipi asebenza ezimisweni ezahlukahlukene. Amamodeli ahlanganisiwe ahlome ngezimbobo ezinhle, lapho amaconsi e-fluid awela ngaphakathi. Banqwabelana futhi babutha emifudlaneni emincane. Ngokucucuza kwabo, kusetshenziswa ama-drain ngaphandle kwemvelo. Bathutha ama-drains ku-drive kahle noma endaweni yokuphuma e-Storm Sense. Kuya ngenhloso, ububanzi bezingxenye buhlukile. Ukuze uthole ukudonsa kwamasayithi ngamanye, imikhiqizo ivame ukwanele ama-200 mm, kanti ezintweni zobunjiniyela bomphakathi ezingama-400 mm nokuningi kuyasetshenziswa.
Uhlelo lokudonsa lubekwe ngaphansi kokutshekelwa. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ama-drains ozimisele ukuya endaweni lapho azoqongelela khona noma akhiphe khona. Izindawo zokuqongelela zibekwe ezindaweni eziphansi kakhulu zenethiwekhi ye-drainage. Isibonelo, babeka imithombo yokuqongelela. Kulezi, ungathatha amanzi ukuze unisele nezinye izidingo zebhizinisi. Kwesinye isikhathi uhlelo luxhumeke endaweni ephakathi nendawo yokuhambisa indle.
Design izici DRET.
Umehluko omkhulu ozakhayo wamapayipi ama-drainage wokususwa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba uthathwa njengobukhona noma ukungabikho kokukodwa nohlobo lwawo. Kukhona amapayipi aqhelile futhi agcwele ngokuphelele. Esimweni sokuqala, izimbobo azitholakali kuwo wonke umkhiqizo. Esesibili atholakala ngemininingwane. Lo mehluko uchazwa yindawo yokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe. Sizohlaziya ukuthi yimaphi amapayipi ama-drainage ngokuya ngohlobo lokugcotshwa.Izinhlobo ze-Pickle
- 120 °. Izimbobo zitholakala engxenyeni yesithathu ephezulu yomkhiqizo. Isetshenziswe kumasayithi anomswakama omncane.
- Ngo-180 °. Ithela ingxenye yengxenye. Kusetshenziswa ezindaweni lapho inani lemvula namanzi ancibilikayo akhona emhlabathini.
- 240 °. Ingxenye yesithathu ephansi ye-drain ihlala iphelele, eyesithathu ephezulu yenziwa. Kusetshenziselwa ukususa amanzi emithambekeni nasezindaweni ezinezinhlobo ezahlukene zenhlabathi.
- I-360 °. Ukugcotshwa okugcwele. Isetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinezikhukhula eziqinile.
Ngokuya ngokujula kokubeka, kusetshenziswa amapayipi angashadile namabili. Imikhiqizo Engqimba Ezodwa yenzelwe ukujula okufika ku-3 m. Kuyimodeli yamandla we-SN2 ne-SN4. Owokuqala akalakwa ngokujulile kuno-2 m, owesibili - ekujuleni kwe-No 3 m. Imisele emibili ehlala isikhathi eside, isigaba sokuqina siyi-SN6. Ungqimba lwangaphandle lwenziwa ukugcotshwa ukuze kuhambisane kangcono nemithwalo. Ngaphakathi - bushelelezi, kwenza kube lula ukuhambisa uketshezi.
Amapayipi okukhipha enziwa ngenguqulo enzima futhi eguquguqukayo. Izingxenye eziqinile zihlukaniswe izingxenye ze-No 4 m futhi zivumelane nama-adap akhethekile. Bayadingeka ukwenza ukujika, ukugoba, njll. Izinto eziguquguqukayo zinekilasi le-SN8 Hardness Class, zigobeke kalula endaweni efanele. Hlala ekujuleni kwe-10 m.
Izinto zokwenziwa kwamapayipi-dren
Ekuqaleni, ubumba kanye ne-asbestos basetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwezakhi zezinhlelo zokudonsa amanzi. Imikhiqizo yatholakala isikhathi eside futhi ithembekile, kepha ibuthaka futhi isindayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-asbestos inobuthi, ukuyisebenzisa ecebeni esakhiweni sokuhlala ayifanelekile. Ngokufika kwama-polymers, imisele ye-ceramic ne-asbestos-cement icishe yayeka ukusetshenziswa. Ngaphandle - Khipha amapayipi kusuka ku-asbestos emhlophe yemvelo enobungane. Inzuzo yabo enenjongo - ukuba khona kwama-pores lapho umswakama utholwe khona.
Ipulasitiki ishibhile, kulula, kulula ukuyifaka. Impilo yemikhiqizo yepulasitiki okungenani iminyaka engama-50-60, ayinandaba nokwehluka kokushisa nokungcola okunolaka kwamakhemikhali. Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningana zemikhiqizo ye-polymeric. Chaza kafushane izinhlobo eziphambili zamapayipi ama-drainage kusuka kupulasitiki.
- Amapayipi e-PND. Suka kusuka kungcindezi ephansi ye-polyethylene. Kubonakaliswa amandla akhuphukayo nokuvumelana nezimo. Khonza iminyaka engama-50 nangaphezulu. Ama-pnd ama-pnd ahlanganisiwe angasetshenziswa ukukala ukudonsa okujulile.
- Imikhiqizo ebilisiwe evela ku-PND ne-PVD. Isendlalelo sangaphandle senziwa nge-polyethylene ephansi ehlala isikhathi eside, yangaphakathi - kusuka ku-polyethylene ephezulu eqinile. Qhubeka nezici zokusebenza ezinokushisa kwehla kusuka ku--60 kuya ku-50 ° C, ungalahli ukuqina emafrithini aqine kakhulu.
- Pvc-drain. Izinto ezivuthiwe zokukhiqiza kwazo - i-polyvinyl chloride. Ayihlala isikhathi eside kunemikhiqizo ye-PND. Ngakho-ke, esetshenziselwa ukudonsa komhlaba, ukujula okungadluli kuka-3 m. Emazingeni okushisa aphansi ayaba yintekenteke, angahlukana.
- I-Polypropylene Drainage Elements. Cabanga ngemithwalo ebalulekile, khonza iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50, akunangqondo ekungcoleni kwamakhemikhali. Kudinga i-electrothermal welding ukuze uyixhumanise, okuhlanganisa ukufakwa kancane.
Ukungcola okuphelele kwepulasitiki okugcwele kunezimbobo ezivalekile. Ngakho-ke, amamodeli anokuvikelwa okukhethekile akhiqizwa. Lawa ngamapayipi-drain agoqiwe ngama-geoelliles noma i-coconut fiber. Inketho yokuqala ilungele umhlabathi onesihlabathi nogqozi. IGeekanin igcizelela imininingwane nezihlungi ezincane izinhlayiya ezingavala izimbobo. I-Coconut fiber yenza umsebenzi ofanayo, kepha kubiza kakhulu. Inzuzo yayo emthonjeni, ukumelana nokubola nokulayisha.
Izici zokufakwa kohlelo lokudonsa
Qala nge-Drainage Design. Kuyadingeka ukunquma ukuthi yikuphi ukujula kweshubhu lokudonsa okufanele ulilele, kuliphi i-angle nokuthi ungalibeka kanjani. Ukuphendula le mibuzo, kwenziwa izibalo, okucatshangelwa izinto ezimbalwa ezichazwe: uhlobo lokudonsa, ububanzi be-drain, izinga lokunyathelisa inhlabathi kanye nezici zendawo yendawo eyomile. Kubalulekile ukuthola kahle i-angle yokuthambekela. Ukusuka kulokhu kuncike ekusebenzeni kwe-drainage.Uma ukuthambeka kupholile kakhulu, uketshezi luzohamba ngokushesha. Lokhu kuzoholela ekuvaleni okuvame kakhulu kwepayipi. Amanzi anciphile njengamanje, angenakugwenywa ngokuthambekela okunganele, nawo awuthandeki. Amasheya azoqala ukuqunjelwa, achuma phansi, azoyeka ukusebenza. Ngaphezu kokukhetha ukuthambekela, nquma ukujula kwebhukumaka. Kufanele kube ngaphansi komcamelo wesisekelo ngo-40-50 cm.
Ihlala ukukhetha uhlobo lwenethiwekhi. Uhlelo lwanyaka lonke luvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu lapho imisele ibunjiwe eduze komngcele wesayithi. Kulokhu, kucatshangwa ukuthi ukukhishwa kwamapayipi kususwa odongeni noma isisekelo okungenani ama-3 m. Ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo akufanele kube ngu-1 m. Khetha iphuzu eliphakeme lesifunda. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa kokwakha. Kuyo kuhlelwa ukubeka amapayipi okukhipha endaweni ephansi, ebeka isitoreji kahle.
Umehluko wokuphakama kumele ube kangangokuba ama-drain agule. Uma kunganele, kufakwa ipompo ekhethekile, ezophawula uketshezi ohlelweni. Ukuqamba uhlelo kudinga ukubalwa okunembile, ngakho-ke kungcono ukufuna usizo kochwepheshe. Kepha ukufakwa okulandelayo kungenziwa ngokuzimela. Sinikeza ukulandelana okuphelele kwesitayela sokudonsa amanzi.
Uhlelo lokuhlelwa kwe-drainage
- Isayithi libeka indawo yamapayipi e-drainage.
- EMarkop Kunemikhondo. Ubukhulu bawo bunqunywa yiprojekthi ehlanganiswe ngaphambili.
- Phansi kwezimbatho zama-RVs kuhlanganisiwe.
- Umcamelo wemfucumfucu kanye nesihlabathi uhlanganiswe phansi. Ungqimba lwento ngayinye lungu-15- 20 cm
- Amapayipi asikwa abe yizicucu zobude obufunayo. Bangena emikhondweni elungiselelwe ixhumeke ngokufakwa. Ukufaka ama-hatches wokuhlola, lapho ungabuka khona futhi uhlanze uhlelo.
- I-drain ilala ngesendlalelo semfucumfucu, bese ungqimba lwesihlabathi. Ubukhulu bawo nalawo bungu-15-20 mm.
- Imisele igcwele ngokuphelele inhlabathi.
Kuklanywe kahle futhi kwahlanganiswa kahle uhlelo lokudonsa amanzi azokwabela imvula kanye namanzi angaphansi komhlaba kusuka esizeni nasezakhiweni. Kuzovikela ukwakhiwa kokubhujiswa, kanye nezitshalo eku-wring. I-Mount the drainage inembile ngokwengeziwe ekwakhiweni nasekuhlelweni kwendawo yendawo.
