Lapho umnikazi wendawo yezwe ewumbuzo mayelana nokunikezwa kwamanzi ngamanye, ukukhetha kwenziwa kuvunyelwa umthombo owenziwe kahle ngokhonkolo. Ake sixoxe ngendlela yokuhlomisa kahle umgodi, ukuthi ungayisebenzela kanjani, ngenxa yalokho ehluleka futhi ingalungiswa.
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Umthombo we-Well, njengomthetho, uqoqwe kusuka kumasongo ukhonkolo nobubanzi obungamamitha ayi-1. Lapho ekhuphuka, imithungo phakathi kwamasongo agcwele isixazululo esidilizwayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunciphisa amathuba okungena emthonjeni wamanzi angaphezulu komhlaba, i-hydraulicum evela kubumba oluhlaselwe yakhiwa emlonyeni wemayini okungenani i-0.7 m kanye nokujula (ubukhulu) - 0.5 m.
Umcamelo we-sand-gravel umcamelo onobukhulu obungamasentimitha ayi-15 ngenhla kwe-hydraulic cruise, bese weneliseka ngemigwaqo eseceleni kokhonkolo we-monolithic noma egandayiwe. Ukuqeda amandla okuphakanyiswa kanyekanye nokuphakanyiswa kwesidlo sasekuseni kanye nendandatho ephezulu enamandla we-frosty powder, kunomvuthu wodonga ngobubanzi okungenani abangama-20 mm, agcwele isihlabathi. Kepha kulokhu, ukuhlelwa komthombo akupheli - kuneminye eminye imisebenzi.
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Nikela ngedivayisi yokuhlunga
Isihlungi esiphansi se-PEBBATS siphazamisa izinhlayiya ezincane ukuze zivuke kusuka phansi ngocingo oluningi lwamanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwehlisa kancane kancane kwehlisa inqubo yokufiphala phansi, okungaholela ekuhlukanisweni kwesongo elilodwa noma amaningi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amatshe amatshe awela ezansi enza kube nzima ukuhlanza umthombo futhi angavimba amajezi entwasahlobo, anciphise imali edonswayo yomthombo wamanzi. Empeleni, isihlungi sibuhlungu kuphela uma i-adquifer iqukethe isihlabathi namatshe amatshe amancane ngokuhlanganiswa okuncane kobumba nama-yels. Lapho ugcwalisa ungqimba wokuhlunga, njengomthetho, okokuqala wehlise i-pebby enkulu yomfula (ungqimba - cishe ongamasentimitha ayi-15), bese kuba yinqwaba (10-15 cm) noma i-Shungite (10-15 cm) noma amandla okuthola amatshe ahlakazekile.
Ukubhaliswa kwenkundla engenhla
Indandatho ephezulu iyadingeka ukuvala ngebhokisi lokuhlobisa (umsiki) ophahleni nasekuqenjini. Lo mklamo wenza umsebenzi wobuhle futhi ngasikhathi sinye kudingekile ngokubuka okungokoqobo: Kuvimbela ukungcoliswa okuhle ngamaqabunga awile kanye nokunye udoti, umoya obekezelelekayo; uvikela amagundane ange awele emthonjeni uma indandatho ihamba kancane phezu komhlaba (ngaphansi kuka-0.5 m); Isiza ukufaka umthombo ebusika.
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Ukwahlukanisa
Emgqeni ophakathi waseRussia, umthombo, ikakhulukazi ngesibuko samanzi atholakala eduze kakhulu, ufiseleka kakhulu ukugcizelela, uma kungenjalo kuzoba nzima kubo ebusika. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwanele ukuvala imayini ngesembozo se-polystyrene Foam 50 mm ubukhulu. Uma ingxenye evikelekile evikelekile evikelayo yenziwe nge-plywood noma ezinye izinto ezincanyana, umlomo wezimayini uyadingeka ukuluma ungqimba lwe-polyethylene foam ngobukhulu be-10 mm. Enye inketho ukufaka inhlabathi ezungeze amashidi kahle we-polystyrene anwetshiwe ngaphambi kwezindawo zesigameko.
Ukufakwa uphawu kwemayini, amapayipi ahlanganisiwe futhi aqinile avela ePolyethylene (PND) ne-polyvinyl chlorged (NFCH) esetshenzisiwe. Le mikhiqizo inesisindo esincane, inamandla anele futhi ilungele ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi kwezomnotho nokuphuza. Photo: "Aqua Excep"
Ukuhlanza
Kanye njalo eminyakeni emi-2-3, umthombo udinga ukuhlanzwa. Uma indandatho engezansi igcwele i-ZL, iphampu yokudonsa yehliselwa ezansi bese iphonsa i-precipitate, inyakaze ngeyesithupha. Lapho-ke i-Pebble yokuhlunga iyasuswa futhi ingcindezi yamanzi iyagezwa (ngamatshe abuhlungu we-iron oxide noma ulamula, kungcono kakhulu ukuthola indawo ephansi. Ekuphetheni, kuyinto efiselekayo ukucubungula imayini nge-chlorine noma i-oxygen didinfector.
Uma imali edonswa kahle yehle futhi ngokwemiphumela yokuhlolwa, inani lokungcoliswa kwamakhemikhali kanye nemvelo liphakeme kakhulu kunokujwayelekile, kusho ukuthi umthombo wamanzi udinga ukuhlanzwa. Lo msebenzi ulungele ngokwengeziwe ukwenza ihlobo elomile lapho uhlangothi lwamanzi lubuthakathaka. Photo: "Isikhungo Senkonzo Esiphezulu"
Ukulungisa lapho ukusika / ukucisha izindandatho
Ngokudla kwamanzi okukhulu, phansi komthombo kufiphala kancane kancane, futhi ikholomu kusuka kumasongo kakhonkolo ibekwe emhlabathini. Ngaleso sikhathi, amasongo angenhla, agobhoze ngezendlalelo eziningi zenhlabathi, imvamisa "hang", ngenxa yalokho izikhala zokuqina kwamasentimitha amaningi akhiwa phakathi kwezinto. Ukuhlukaniswa nokuguqukela kwezindandatho nakho kungaba ngumphumela we-frosty powder yenhlabathi noma ukuvezwa kokuntanta.Ngokuphazamiseka kobuqotho besiqu se-shaft emthonjeni, ama-Estoce angaphezulu komhlaba aqukethe ukungcola kwe-organic aqukethe impilo, futhi amanzi amahle awafanele ukuphuzwa futhi noma ngabe kusetshenziselwa izidingo zasendlini kudinga i-chlorination. Ukulungisa ngendlela yendabuko ekushintsheni kwezindandatho zezikhathi zabasebenzi kanye nemigwaqo (noma ngabe ukujula komthombo kungadluli ama-5 m, izindleko zomsebenzi zizoba ngama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-20). Umthombo uyavuvukala embuthanweni kuze kube yilapho amasongo efika endaweni, khona-ke aqiniswa kubakaki bensimbi futhi agcwalise izikhala ezisele ngesisombululo sokugcwalisa ("hydroplowm", "hydroplast", njll.).
Inketho ehlukile ukufaka i-tuerate encane yepulasitiki ehlanganisiwe emayini bese ugcwalisa isikhala phakathi kokhonkolo noma wepulasitiki onesihlabathi noma isixazululo. Lapho yomisiwe phansi, isihlabathi siyadingeka ukuqeda amathuba weshubhu, ukumboza ngenhla kwesibuko samanzi ngama-anchors ngemayini ekhonkolo. Imali edonswa ngumthombo ngenxa yalokhu kulungiswa izokwehla kancane, futhi ukuhlanza kuzoba yinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe, kepha izindleko zokuvuselelwa zizoba ngama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezi-4-8.
Idivaysi yomthombo ku-aquifer yokuqala
1 - Isendlalelo esingamanzi (ubumba obukhulu); 2 - I-Plumby Clay noLam; I-3 - I-Hydraulication evela kubumba lwe-ramble; 4 - Aquifer; I-5 - isihlungi se-pebble; 6 - Mhle; 7 - Isimo; 8 - I-Pescograbvy; 9 - Ungqimba lwe-humus
Funda futhi: Ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi okuphathekayo eDUC
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