Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi imisindo yasemadolobheni ibangela ukucindezela kubantu futhi bakwazi futhi ukunciphisa impilo iminyaka engu-8-12. Ungazami ukujwayela imisindo ecasulayo - susa ikhaya labo kusuka kubo.
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Sizokutshela ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani kahle futhi sidlule efulethini lokushisa.
Imisindo nemisindo
Nquma imigomo esebenza kule ndatshana.Ku-physics, umsindo uyaqondakala njengokusakazeka kwama-oscillations anstic mechanical accillations ku-siqu eqinile, uketshezi noma e-gaseous medium.
Ukuphakama komsindo kunqunywa imvamisa yama-oscillations. Indlebe yomuntu ibona imisindo enomkhawulo wemvamisa ka-16 Hz (ephansi) kuya ku-20 KHZ (Phezulu). Kuzwakala ngemvamisa engezansi kwe-16 HZ ibizwa nge-infrasound, imvamisa ngenhla ngenhla kwama-20 kHz - i-ultrasound. Indlebe yethu ayizwanga.
Ivolumu yomsindo incike ekuphumeni kwama-oscillations kanye nobukhulu bengcindezi yomsindo.
Hlukanisa imisindo nemisindo. Ngomsindo, ngokungafani nomsindo, kunama-oscillation amaningi anamaza ahlukene asebenza ngokufanayo.
Izinga (ivolumu) yomsindo lilinganiswa kuma-decibels (DB). Umkhawulo ovumelakalayo wezakhiwo zokuhlala uneminyaka engama-55 db phakathi nosuku ne-45 db ebusuku.
Ukuze uqhathanise: Ngenkathi emgaqweni omkhulu ophilayo, umuntu ubhekene nomthwalo we-70-80 db, indiza ye-jet ekuhambeni yenza umsindo nge-120 db. IVolumu Yomsindo ngo-190 DB kuholela emphumeleni obulalayo.
Kulesi sihloko, asikhulumi ngemisebenzi yomculo, ngakho-ke yonke i-oscillations ecasulayo ibiza umsindo. Kepha konke okubeka umgoqo osendleleni yokusabalalisa kwabo - ukuvikelwa komsindo.
Imizwa Iyithinta Kanjani Impilo Yabantu
Umsindo uthinta owesilisa emazingeni engqondo nangokomzimba. Umthelela ku-psyche, aholela ekuphazamisekeni kwezinzwa, ukuqwasha kanye nengcindezi. Ukuxineka okungapheli kubhubhise impilo futhi kunciphise impilo. Ngokusho kodokotela, bayakwazi ukuthatha iminyaka engu-8-16 kulomhlaba.
Imisindo, ayizwakali kakhulu, kepha isikhathi eside, shintsha imvamisa yezifinyezo zemisipha yenhliziyo, yehlise futhi yandise umfutho wegazi, yehlise ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni.
Ososayensi bathole ukuthi ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-10 yokuphila edolobheni elinomsindo, abantu baba nezifo ezahlukahlukene. Banokukhuphuka kwezifo zepheshana lesisu (i-gastritis kanye nezilonda), umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo senhliziyo ye-ischemic.
Izinhlobo zomsindo
Ezakhiweni "Hamba" izinhlobo ezintathu zomsindo:- umoya;
- ukwethuka;
- ngesakhiwo.
Umsindo womoya
Kwenzeka lapho ama-oscillations emisebe emkhathini. Imithombo iyahamba izimoto ezihambayo, isebenza i-TV ephakeme noma umsakazo, izinsimbi zomculo ezizwakalayo, ingxoxo enkulu.
Umsindo oshaqisayo
Lokhu kungumphumela we-Oscillations of Swerlaps avela ekuweni phansi kwezinto ezahlukahlukene, i-bogor yezingane, ifenisha ehambayo, ukushaywa ngamapayipi kanye nezindonga ngesikhathi sokulungiswa.Umsindo wesakhiwo
Ishicilelwa amaphampu okupompa, ama-liftetors, abalandeli abangaqediwe abafakiwe ngaphandle kokuvikelwa komsindo. Ukudlidliza kwezindlela kusebenza ngokwakhiwa kwalesi sakhiwo, kuxhumeke, ngakho-ke, zizwakala zisemakamelweni atholakala kude nemithombo yalo msindo.
Ezinye izinto zenza imisindo yezinhlobo ezahlukene ngasikhathi sinye. Isibonelo, amaloli okotshani othosiwe, awe ngokuhlukile ngawo wonke amasondo angakwesobunxele endaweni yokuphonsa endleleni, azoba ngumthombo nomoya, nomsindo oshaqisayo.
Ungakuqeda Kanjani Umsindo
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Thula
Umsindo womoya ungena kakhulu igumbi ngezikhala. Eqinisile, ufika lapho nangodonga, ebadlula engxenyeni yamandla futhi abaphoqa ukuba baphikisile, bese bezwa izindlebe zethu. Kepha ukuphoqa udonga lomthwali ukudlidliza nokucasuka ezindlebeni, kuyadingeka ukwenza umsindo ngemuva kwayo njengendiza esebenzayo ngesikhathi sokuhamba ngesikhathi sokuhamba.Ngakho-ke, ukulwa nomsindo womoya, okokuqala, ukuqeda imifantu.
Thola ukukhululeka ekuhlanganiseni kwewindows noma faka amafasitela epulasitiki avaliwe.
Kusuka komakhelwane abanomsindo abavela ohlangothini bazovikela iminyango emikhulu, bavale ukuvalwa kwezindonga phakathi kwezindonga kanye phansi ngaphansi kwamapulangwe, baqede ama-voidths ezisekelweni nasekushintsheni.
Uma lezi zinyathelo zinganele, sebenzisa izinto zokuvikela umsindo ngokumboza izindonga, uphahla naphansi.
Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi ngemuva kokubopha ukubopha izimbobo ezivikelayo zeSlots futhi ngeke zidinge, ngoba umsindo uzokwehla ezingeni elamukelekayo ngokuphelele. Imvamisa kwenzeka.
I-Soundproofing ihambelana cishe kuwo wonke umuntu ohlala ekwakheni okuphelele - umsindo ovela emgwaqweni nasemgwaqweni ovela emafulethini angomakhelwane kuyaphazamisa ukuphumula. Futhi uma imoto izovikela ingilazi ngamakhamera amabili noma amathathu, bese uyicisha komakhelwane ngepiyano kanye nocingo lwenja lube nzima kakhulu. Uma uhlela ukuwela efulethini, sikucebisa ukuthi ungasindisi isikhala futhi sihlukanise okungenani igumbi lokulala - uzobona ikhwalithi yokulala ithuthuka. Ibhonasi eyengeziwe eyengeziwe - izinto ezi-soundproofing zizofudumeza ifulethi, futhi izikweletu zokushisa zizoba zinhle kakhulu. Ukulimala kokushisa kwavalwa kakhulu abanikazi befulethi nge-loggia noma i-balcony. I-80-85% yamakhasimende ethu ahlela ukusebenzisa i-balcony njengehhovisi noma indawo yokuphumula noma ukuyihlanganisa negumbi. Sifudumeza izindonga ze-polystyrene, phansi kanye nophahla - dala "umphumela wokumba ukushisa". Uboya obunamaminerali kanye ne-polyurethane bathandwa futhi. Kepha khumbula ukuthi ukufakwa okukodwa akwanele - ebusika kuzodingeka umthombo owengeziwe wokushisa. I-heater ethambile noma phansi kagesi efudumele.
U-Alexander Ambartsumian
Induna Yokuhola Yesigaba "Ukulungisa I-Express"
Vikela uphahla
Umsindo oshubile njalo uvela ophahleni, ngoba kukhona uhhafu wefulethi elingumakhelwane ngaphezulu kwalo. Kuye ngakuye zihambe nsuku zonke, futhi nangezithende, kwehla okuthile kukho, bahambisa okuthile kuwo.
Izinga lomsindo oshaqekile linciphisa umsindo wokudonsa umsindo. Isibonelo esilula kakhulu yikhaphethi ende ethambile. Dwema kuye umthamo wesibili we- "Friouth Sagie" uJohn Golsuorsi bese uphinda isivivinyo enqunu enqunu. Uma ngalesi sikhathi esihlalweni ulala umkhwekazi wokuthula, ngokungangabazeki, uzovuma ukuthi umehluko ekutholeni umsindo ubalulekile.
Izindlela zokuxazulula inkinga yophahla lomsindo zingamabili: noma zihlukanise ophahleni lwakho, noma phansi komakhelwane abavela phezulu.
Inketho yesibili isebenza kangcono. Kepha akanakwa ngaphandle kwemvume ye- "Phezulu". Emzamweni wokuba nethakazelisa, ngitshele ukuthi umsindo oshaqisayo usakazeka hhayi ngokuvundzelani kuphela, kodwa futhi nangokwetheyithi (leli yiqiniso). Ngakho-ke, bebeka ukufakwa, bayosusa umsindo kusukela ngomsindo, kodwa bona uqobo: Ngeke bahambe eTiptoe egumbini lokuhlala lapho izingane zikhuleka egumbini lokulala.
Njengengxabano enqumayo, phakamisa izindleko zokukhokha. Futhi-ke, ukuze ungahlali eVnaklad, phuma nesiphakamiso esifanayo komakhelwane abaphansi. Kepha vele ngobulili bakho nemali yabo.
Uma izingxoxo zomakhelwane obungenhla zihluleka, zithuthukise ukwelashwa okuzwakalayo kophahla.
Njengenguqulo ejwayelekile, ukwakhiwa kophahla wokusika ngohlaka lwe-drywall kusetshenziswa (kuyathandeka ukusebenzisa i-vibrarosis). Uhlaka lohlaka lugcwele izinto zokuthola umsindo. Thola imininingwane yelungiselelo lophahla olunjalo ezinkampanini ezikhethekile. Umsebenzi uyinkimbinkimbi, ngakho-ke asikuncomi ngokwakho.
Ungakuqeda Kanjani Umsindo Wezakhiwo
Umsindo wesakhiwo, siyakhumbula, sinwebeka ngezinhlaka ezisekelayo zesakhiwo. Ukususa, ukuxhumana okunzima phakathi kwalezi zinhlaka futhi ifulethi libhujiswa.Empeleni, lokhu kusho ukwehlukaniswa kwalo lonke indlu, hhayi izindawo ezihlukile. Lolu uhlobo oluyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu lokufakelwa okuzwakalayo. Ngaphandle kosizo lwamakhosi, awukwazi ukukwenza. Ukuvikelwa kufanele kutholwe ophahleni, ubulili kanye nezindonga. Kuyadingeka ukuhlukanisa uthayi phansi odongeni olusuka ezindongeni ezivunayo, ucindezele i-groove kuyo futhi uligcwalise ngokwakheka kwalo ngomsindo (kucisha ukudlidliza ukuya efulethini).
Okwezitezi, uphahla nezindonga, sebenzisa izinto zokwakha ezinama-coefficients afanayo noma asondele kakhulu womsindo (mayelana nezimpawu zokuvikela umsindo, sizochaza ngezansi).
Ukuvikelwa okusebenzayo kumsindo wesakhiwo "phansi okuntantayo". Ngokufakwa kwayo kuma-slabs, phansi kubekwe ungqimba olunwetshiwe lokufakelwa okunengqondo, futhi i-screed ithele kukho. Ngenxa yalokhu, phansi kuncishiswe ukuxhumana okuqinile nge-slab ukunqamula, kubonakala sengathi kuyantanta ungqimba lokufakelwa, oludonsa umsindo wesithathu.
Izinto zokwenziwa komsindo
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Ukuhlukaniswa Nezimpawu
Izinto zokuvikela amakamelo kusuka ku-Noise zihlukaniswe ngomsindo wokufaka umsindo kanye nomsindo. Owokuqala ukhombisa umsindo, ungakuvumeli ukuthi ungene ngaphakathi, owesibili ucima kubo, ungavumeli ukuboniswa kusuka ezindaweni ezikhona.Ama-insulators - noma yiziphi izindawo eziqinile: insimbi, ukhonkolo, izitini, ngokhuni. Ingaphezulu elinzima, lisebenza kahle kakhulu imisindo.
Isici esiyinhloko sezinto zokufaka inxebating yizinkomba zokufakwa emzimbeni we-rw. Kukalwa ngama-decibels. Ubukhulu bodonga lwezitini olungama-45 cm nge-plaster lune-rw = 55 db, amaphaneli okuzwakalayo "I-Economicizol" ngobukhulu be-13 mm - 38 db.
Abathakathi bemisindo, ngokuphambene, bathambile. Okuthambile okuqukethwe, kuthe xaxa umsindo omkhulu. Amakhaphethi, amakhethini, uboya obunamaminerali banezakhiwo ezifuywayo.
Ukusebenza kwama-nochigasteers kubonakaliswa yi-coufficient enomugqa azwakalayo a (ngesinye isikhathi kusho "noma isiGrikhi (alpha). Ngaphandle kweyunithi kuthatha i-yunithi Ukuhlanganiswa okuzwakalayo kwe-1 m2 yewindows evulekile lapho umsindo u-1000 hz.
I-coefficial amuncy amuncy iyahlukahluka kusuka ku-0 kuye ku-1. ngenani le-zero, umsindo uboniswa ngokuphelele, ngokutholwa okugcwele okugcwele, okuphathelene nokuzwakala kuhlanganisa nalawo athola imali ehlanganisiwe okungenani okungenani 0.4 .
Ukuqhathanisa: Ukuhlanganiswa komsindo wekhaphethi kungu-0.70, ukugembula engilazi - 0.80. Kepha udonga lwezitini lungu-0,05 kuphela, izibuko - 0.02.
Indlu izindwangu ezifakiwe ezinezakhiwo ezinhle. Indima yokufakelwa kwenziwa izindonga, ubulili nophahla. Kodwa-ke, empilweni yansuku zonke, ama-DAMPERS abizwa nangokuthi imisindo ye-SoundProofers. Alikho iphutha le-brute kule ndawo ebiyo. Ungqimba weMinvati, obekwe ohlangothini lwangaphakathi lodonga lwamakamelo, uhlukanisa phakathi kwemisindo yangaphandle, uwathuthukisile ngokukhulu kwawo.
Vikela ifulethi kusuka kumsindo bese ugcine ukushisa
Noma ikuphi ukusetshenziswa okuzwakalayo kugcina ukushisa, futhi konke ukushisa kufakwa buthaka umsindo. Kepha lezi zinto azivezwa ngokulinganayo ngendlela efanayo. Isibonelo, i-Foam ne-polypropylene kugcinwa kahle kahle, kepha kuyisithiyo esibuthakathaka somsindo.
Noma kunjalo, kukhona izimbobo ezingakwazi ukuphuthelwa noma yimuphi umsindo noma ukushisa ngokulingana ngokulinganayo.
Ukuqala ukuzwakala okuzwakalayo kwefulethi, zinqume, asikho isidingo sokufakelwa kwaso. Uma kukhona, yenza umsebenzi wokufakwa komsindo nakwezinto ndawonye usebenzisa izinto ezifanele.
Le ndlela isindisa imali nendawo ye-Intra-quarter Space. Ngoba ungqimba olusebenzayo lwe-soundproofing lukhula izindonga ezingaba ngu-5 cm. Ngenxa yalokho, ivolumu yegumbi elinendawo engu-18 m2 enokuphakama kophahla kwe-2,5 m yehla ngo-2 m3. Uma ufaka i-insulator yokushisa, ungqimba luzoba mkhulu.
Ochwepheshe abathembekile
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Ngakho-ke, wafunda ukuthi yikuphi ukufakwa okuzwakalayo. Uyazi futhi ukuthi imiphi imisindo ingena emafulethini nokuthi ungabhekana kanjani nazo. Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe baphikisana: Izinto zokwenziwa komsindo azikho, kunezakhiwo ezivikelayo kuphela.
Kulesi sitatimende kunesipiliyoni esikhulu seqiniso. Ngisho ne-coating yesimanjemanje futhi ebizayo izonikeza umphumela obuthakathaka uma ibekelwe ngokungalungile, hhayi lapho kunesidingo khona, ngaphandle kokucabanga imininingwane yomsindo nemithombo yawo.
Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha kwezinto ezifanele zokuvikela umsindo kahle zefulethi lakho kanye nokufaka kwabo ukwethemba amakhosi abheka ukusebenza kwemisebenzi enjalo. Futhi-ke indawo yakho yokuhlala nesiqinisekiso izovikeleka emikhakheni ecasulayo yakwamanye amazwe.
