Endlini yokugezela, kuvame ukudingekile ukufihla iziteshi zokungena komoya omncane ngaphansi kophahla nezimbobo noma setha iphuzu le-luminaires. Ngale misebenzi, idizayini enophahla oluhlanganisiwe noma emisiwe izobhekana ngokuphelele. Yiziphi izinto nezinto okufanele uzikhethe futhi ungavimba kanjani amaphutha lapho ufaka?
Ngokuyinhloko, uphahla egumbini lokugezela kungahambelana nesixazululo: ama-plasters akhethekile kanye nokufakwa esikhundleni kwesisekelo esisekela umswakama ophezulu futhi anakho okungekho emthethweni emakethe nakupende ongavunyelwe. Kepha uma ingaphezulu lesisekelo likude nento ekahle (ngokwesibonelo, line-bias ebalulekile), le ndlela yokuqeda iba yinde kakhulu futhi ingathandeki, ngoba iyadingeka ukusebenzisa izingqimba ezimbalwa zokomiswa okuphakathi.
Photo: legoin-media
Kuhlanganiswe futhi kuphumule ezindongeni zokwakheka kuncishiswe lokhu kushoda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okwesibili kungafakwa kunoma yikuphi ukuphakama (ngereferensi ku-0.5 m), okuvumela ukuthi ufihle ama-ducts namapayipi. Kulokhu sizokhuluma ngophahla oluvela kumashidi okwakha namapuleti, amaphaneli kanye nojantshi, nakwesinye sezinombolo ezilandelayo mayelana nokwelula amasistimu.
Photo: Saint-Gobain GyProc
Zoqala phansi
Isisekelo sophahla lwezitebhisi siyinhlawulo enamathiselwe ngqo ekuqedeni. Kungenziwa ngojantshi we-antiseptic wokhuni noma imigoqo noma amaphrofayili ensimbi akhiwe ngensimbi. Isinyathelo esijwayelekile sojantshi singama-600 mm, kepha kwezinye izikhathi (lapho usebenzisa izinto eziguqukayo nokufakwa kwamalambu asindayo) kufanele ancishiswe abe ngu-300 mm.
Photo: Knauf.
Izingxenye zokwakha kophahla kumele zenziwe ngensimbi ehlanganisiwe
Yehlisa uphahla olungaphezu kwama-70 mm luzosiza uhlaka lwensimbi, oluqukethe i-perimeter straiting, ihlelwe ezindongeni, futhi kuthambekele egumbini lezindawo ezithwala - ama-Stringer (kanye nalabanye benziwa kumaphrofayili abunjiwe e-P ). Kepha ezindaweni zokugezela ezibanzi, lapho ubukhulu be-span budlula khona-2,5 m, uhlaka olunjalo ngeke lumelane nesisindo sezinto zokuzwa. Lapha, ama-strars aqinisiwe ayadingeka kumaphrofayili amabili axhumeke ekuhlolweni kwemishayo yakwamanye amazwe; Enye indlela ukusebenzisa kophahla.
Futhi i-Doom, futhi uhlaka lusethiwe nakanjani - uma lokhu kungenziwa, kukhona ubungozi bokuthi indiza yophahla izosondela.
Uhlaka olwenziwe kahle luqinisekisa ukuthembeka kanye nempilo yenkonzo ende, kepha ukukhethwa kwezinto zokuzwa kubalulekile ngokulinganayo.
Ibhodi emelana ne-maxio-engamelana nomswakama ikwazi ngokuphelele ukubekezelela isimo sezulu esishisayo sendlu yokugezela futhi ivumela endabeni yamahora ukuvumelanisa ngokuphelele ophahleni. Noma kunjalo, lezi zinto zokwenziwa zinokubuya okukhulu. Ububanzi obujwayelekile beshidi lingu-1200 mm, okusho ukuthi ngaphandle kwemizwa ngeke enze. Noma ngabe usebenzisa ingxubevange enobufakazi bobufakazi bokubopha imifantu, kukhona amathuba okuqhekeka nokuncipha kwesipuni, ngoba, ngokuthambisa kanye nokomisa, i-glc ne-GWL ishintsha ubukhulu.
Photo: Unis
Ekulungiseleleni kwe-plasterboard etholakala ngaphansi komdwebo, kusetshenziswa ama-primers namapuleti okucwilisa
Photo: Knauf.
Ngokubopha uphawu lokubopha phakathi kwamashidi, izingxube zifanelekile ngesisekelo sokuhlukumeza
Photo: Saint-Gobain Weber
Ingxube esekwe kuthusi
Amaphaneli asuselwa ku-polystyrenerenererererererenere enokuhlanganiswa kosimende okuqinisiwe awaphenduli kumaconsi omswakama, kepha ububanzi bawo bungama-600 mm kuphela, ngakho-ke amalunga azoba mkhulu. Futhi yize izikhala zingamane zivalwe ngeribhoni elikhethekile, kepha-ke kuzodingeka futhi zibonge ubuso ngesendlalelo esiqinile samapuleti okungenani okungenani amapuleti angu-2 mm, kulandelwe ngokugaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iphaneli enobukhulu be-10 mm, esetshenziselwa uphahla, yehlukile ekuguqulekeni; Ukuze ingaphezulu ingaqhunyiswe ngamabhomu ekuhlolweni nasekupekeni, kuzodingeka ukunciphisa iphimbo lobungozi.
Amashidi we-Glass chain awabizi futhi amelana nomswakama, kepha ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo yabakhiqizi ehlukene ikude ngokulinganayo. Awukwazi ukuthenga amashidi ngaphandle kokulebula - ngokuvamile anuka.
Amapuleti usimende i-aquapanel Universal (Knauf) awashintshi usayizi ngaphansi kwethonya lomswakama (ngakho-ke, imifantu ngeke ivele emalungeni). Umenzi uwohlomela ngokugcwalisa i-glue ehambelana kahle ne-seams, i-splock kanye ne-primer, evumela okuningi ukunciphisa ingozi yomshado wokwakha. Banta amapuleti (ububanzi bawo bungu-900 mm, ubude obungu-1200 mm, ubukhulu bangu-6 no-8 mm) akunzima kune-HCCV.
Photo: "Basic"
Izinto eziphambili ophahleni lwe-aluminium: 1 - Stress; 2 - amaphaneli; 3 - Amaphrofayili ahleliwe ahleliwe; 4 - Uma kubalulekile (100 mm noma ngaphezulu) kuyadingeka; indawo eyisisekelo ihlelwe ngokumiswa okuguqukayo
Kufanele kubhekwe ukuthi ngezinto zokwenza imibala ngeseli, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izingoma ezikhethekile, ukumelana ne-alkaline medium, - ngaphandle kwalokho, ngisho nezingqimba eziningana ze-primer ngeke zinikeze ukuqina kwe-coating.
Uphahla lwama-pune-proof sheets lubekwe ezindongeni nasekufakweni kwemishini yokufaka amapayipi, amasondo noma kusuka kumaphaneli we-PVC - nganoma yisiphi isikhathi
Izisekelo zokufakwa kophahla kusuka ku-g clac egumbini elincane
Photo: Vladimir Grigoriev / Burda Media
Okokuqala ukuqoqa le ndlela yokuzisekela (a). Kuqukethe amaphrofayili amise okwenziwe nge-P kanye neziphambano ("crabs") (b) futhi athembele kuphela odongeni (ophahleni lwe-Ceiling azange asetshenziswe). Uhlaka luhlanganiswe nephepha lokuphepha (b); Ngasikhathi sinye, iphimbo lezikulufo akufanele lidlule ku-300 mm
"IPalecker" ikhanseliwe
Ungahlanza uphahla ngamapaneli epulasitiki noma ngensimbi kungakapheli usuku olulodwa, futhi enqubweni yokusebenza, uthuli kanye nokungcola cishe akukhona.Amaphaneli epulasitiki anobubanzi obuhlukile (ebangeni le-100-300 mm), ubude (1.5-3-3 m) nobukhulu (8-12 mm). Amashumi wezimbali avezwa emakethe yaseRussia, kubandakanya nokulingisa ukwakheka kwensimbi (umbala owodwa), izinkuni ezithelwayo noma zamatshe, kanye nokuphrinta kwesithombe. Phakathi kwabakhiqizi abaphambili bamaphaneli e-PVC kufanele abizwe ngokuthi i-Venta, "B-PLAST", "SV-Plast", "Cronoplast"; Izindleko zezinto ezibonakalayo ziphansi - ebangeni lama-ruble angama-200-500. ngo-1 m2. Lapho ukhetha, kufanele unake ubukhulu bezindonga zephaneli: Uma izimbambo zibonakala ku-lumen, unezinto ezisezingeni eliphakeme.
Amaphaneli anamathele kumelusi we-antiseptic ngokhuni (esebenzisa i-stapler yokwakha) noma umdwebo wokuzidweba (kufanelekile ukusebenzisa isikulufa ngamabutho asontekile asonteka ukuze isikulufu esiguqukayo ukuze isikulufa sesikulufa singacacisi ipulasitiki). Ukulungiswa kufihlwe ngaphakathi kwamakhompiyutha e-castle, kanye nezinhlangothi ezindongeni zihlotshiswe ngephrofayili ekhethekile ye-cornese (uphahla lwepliinth).
Uphahla lwe-PVC luzosebenza iminyaka eminingi, kulula ukuligeza, futhi uma kunesidingo (ngokwesibonelo, uma kulimala), esikhundleni sokungena kokungena kwamaphaneli kufakwe ihora elilodwa. I-minsus eyinhloko yezinto ezibonakalayo - ngesikhathi sokuvutha sazisa izinto ezinobuthi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaphaneli aqongelela ugesi we-tatury futhi akhange uthuli, kepha egumbini lokugezela leli phutha licishe likhubazekile.
Uphahla lwe-aluminium rim luvame ukuhlinzekwa ngendlela yamasethi enziwe ngomumo (ngesiqondisi namaphrofayili ahlelekile ahlelekile) nge-santekhkabina ejwayelekile (1,7 × 1.7 m Bathroom; i-0.9 × 1.3 m). Uma usayizi wegumbi lokugezela lihlukile kweleveli, imininingwane ingathengwa ngokwahlukile.
Uphahla lwalolu hlobo lukhiqizwa ngaphansi kweCesal, Geipel, Brands, Brands, Brands, AMA-ALBS, njll. Izindleko zabo ziqala kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-1100. ngo-1 m2. Ama-rakes enziwe nge-aluminium (kunemikhiqizo yensimbi emakethe, kepha awalingani negumbi lokugezela), ukushuba kwabo kungu-0.3-0.5 mm, ububanzi buyehluka ngo-100-200 mm, kanti ubude buvutha ama-4 m. Amanye amafemu akhiqiza i-Reiki ubude obufisa uku-oda, okuvumela ukunciphisa imfucuza yezinto ezibonakalayo.
Umbala we-gamma we-aluminium ophahleni lwe-aluminium ubanzi kakhulu: anama-anodised futhi anamabala ezinhlobonhlobo zezithunzi, kanti ujantshi angaba nombala ohlukahlukene, ngephethini yokukhanya okukhanyayo. Ngaphezu kwezinto ezibalulekile, ukwakheka okuncane (20- 30 mm kuhlinzekwa, ngokwesibonelo, isiliva noma igolide. Ukushintsha ojantshi abajwayelekile kanye nokufakwa okuncane, okuvumela ukwakheka kwezihlambi, ungakhulisa ophahleni lokuhlobisa.
Uphahla lwe-aluminium luyi-fireproof, luvele kakhulu futhi lubukeka lubukekayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ojantshi kulula ukususa kuma-fasteners ukwenza ukubuyekezwa kwezokuxhumana okubekwe endaweni kadokotela. Mhlawumbe ububi obukhulu bezinto ezibonakalayo bunobuqili obuphansi nokuchayeka ekwakhekeni kwama-dents. I-Reiki nokwakheka kudinga ubudlelwano obucophelela ngesikhathi sokuhamba nokufakwa, okuphathelene namasethi aqediwe, ngoba izingxenye ezisele azivame ukunikezwa.
Ukhunta ononya
Kunamacala lapho, ngemuva kokususa ophahleni lomsila wakudala, abanikazi befulethi bavulela umbukwane ongenakubuhle: labo abafihliwe ngaphambi kokuba bamboze ungqimba olumnyama lwesikhunta omnyama. Ukugwema ukuhlaselwa okufanayo futhi ugcine umoya ophilile egumbini lokugezela, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukungena komoya okuphakeme kwesikhala esiphakeme, futhi umgodi wokuphela komhlaba kufanele uxhumeke kwi-Ventshah.
Ukugeleza komoya kuhlinzekwa ngegridi encane, ebekwe ngangokunokwenzeka kusuka kwi-hood, i-microperphoring kumaphaneli noma ukukhishwa kwezindonga, okufihliwe ngamaphrofayili okuqeda noma ama-cornose. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungqimba lopende onomzali kufanele lusetshenziswe ezindaweni eziyisisekelo.
Ukufakwa kwezibani zesimanjemanje ophahleni ngama-LED light bulbs, kuyadingeka ukuthi "ukuhambisa" uphahla kusuka ekuqedeni okungu-55-70 mm, ngamalambu we-incandescent - ngo-70-100 mm
Izigaba eziphambili zokufakwa kophahla wokusika
Photo: Vladimir Grigoriev / Burda Media
Okokuqala, salungiselela izingxenye zamaphrofayili asekelayo wobude obufunayo (a). I-trim yakudala (egcotshwe endaweni yephaneli ye-PVC) ayizange ikhiphe, futhi idonswa izimbobo ze-dowel ngobude obungama-70 mm (b). Ukugxila ekuphawuleni okubangelwa izinga, ama-Stringers (B). Kuyadingeka ukukhwela izibani, ezakhiwe ngemikhono eyihlane yeplastiki. Kunamathiselwe ezindongeni zamaphrofayili anemidwebo ekhethwe ngama-P Sika futhi ufake izinto ezihlanzayo (e, g), ngemuva kokuthi wenziwe ngaphambili ngojantshi ngamalambu (s). Ngikhuphule izibani (amalambu). Izikhala phakathi kwamaphrofayili ahlaselayo nodonga lwaluhlotshiswe nge-White Plumbing Selant (K)
Photo: Saint-Gobain GyProc
Photo: Saint-Gobain GyProc
Photo: Knauf.
Photo: "Art Deco"
Uphahla lokushintshana ngokushintshana olubanzi noluncane luheha ukunakwa futhi luhlobisa ingaphakathi
Photo: I-Legion-Media
Imiklamo ye-rack ivunyelwe ukukhwela emakamelweni yanoma iyiphi indawo, ekuphakameni okuphikisayo, endaweni evundlile noma ethambekele
Photo: Hlokhoko
Ungathenga ukwakheka kombala ofanayo nojantshi (a), noma ukhethe inketho enemibala emibili (b)
Photo: "Art Deco"
Inhlanganisela yemibala ivumela hhayi ukunikeza kuphela ukuphakama kophahla, kodwa futhi noZonail Igumbi - ake sithi, dala umngcele obonakalayo wegeza. Kulokhu, okuqhathanisayo okufaka umkhawulo wendawo ebalulekile kungasetshenziswa.
Photo: "Art Deco"
Izinto eziqondile
ISITHOMBE: I-USA Ceiling Group
Ekamelweni le-attic, ama-cutting Ceiling Stringers ahlelwe ku-Draft Booby Binder. Iwindi lewindows lingena ngaphakathi nokulahla ngamaphaneli akhethekile we-PVC
Photo: "Ama-AL5
Imvamisa, ujantshi namaphaneli athambekele ekufananeni nasezindongeni, kepha angabekwa zombili ngendlela yephethini yejometri. Kuliqiniso, ecaleni lesibili, izindleko zesakhiwo zizoba izikhathi eziyi-1.5-2 eziphakeme - ngenxa yokwanda kwesikhathi sokucatshangelwa komsebenzi kanye nenani lemfucuza
Photo: "TMT Group"
Photo: I-Legion-Media
Isibindi somuthi
| Amaminiya | okutholuzayo | |
| Amashidi wokwakha ngesisekelo | Shintsha ubukhulu bokuma okunomswakama / ukomisa, okuholela ekubonakaleni kwemifantu ebekwe yintambo emashalofini | Izindleko eziphansi, ukufinyeleleka njengezinto zokwakha, Ngakho-ke izingxenye Okokukhuphuka |
| Amashidi wokwakha asuselwa ku-polymer | Intengo ephakeme ngokuqhathanisa, ukuhambisana, kudingeka amafosholo wesinyathelo esithatha isikhathi sobuso bonke. | Ukumelana nomswakama, isisindo esikhanyayo, ukuqiniswa okungaphezulu, ukwanda komonakalo |
| Amashidi wokwakha ngesisekelo sosimende | Sidinga i-shtlacky eqinile, yokufaka imibala kudingeka izingoma ezivinjelwe kwe-pylch | Ukumelana nomswakama, amandla, ukuqina |
| -Thambile esandleni Ama-Rake namaphaneli | I-Static Electricity aqoqiwe, ungahlali ulingisa ezinye izinto | Ukumelana nomswakama ngokuphelele, ukutholakala, iphalethi yombala obanzi, amathuba okubeka egobolondweni lokhuni |
| Aluminiyamu Reiki | Izindleko eziphakeme kakhulu, ukumelana okungagculisi komonakalo owengeziwe | Ukumelana nomswakama ngokuphelele, iphalethi yombala obanzi, ukubukeka okungenakuqhathaniswa, okulula ukususa ekuhlolweni kwezokuxhumana |