Abafundi abaningi okufanele bafudumale i-Country Cottage noma benze ukushisa kanye nokufakwa okuzwakalayo kwendlu yedolobha, banentshisekelo kwimibuzo efanayo. Sizozama ukuphendula okuvame kakhulu kubo.
Ukufakelwa okushisayo okulungile kuzosiza ukukhulisa induduzo yasekhaya, kunciphise izindleko zokushisa futhi wandise impilo yenkonzo yezakhiwo ezisekelayo. Phakathi kwezinto ezithandwa kakhulu zokufakwa kwe-thermal (Tim) zingamaminerali (i-fiberglass kanye noboya lwamatshe) kanye negwebu. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kokufakwa kohlobo lokuqala ku-feedstock. Izinto ze-fiberglass zikhiqizwa esihlabathini se-quartz, i-limestone ne-soda, noboya lwamatshe - kusuka emadwaleni ancibilikisiwe asentabeni (basalt). Iqembu lesibili lifaka i-polystyrererererere enwetshiwe (XPS) ne-Fodststyrenerererere (EPS), evame ukubizwa ngokuthi igwebu.
Photo: Rockwool.
Phakathi kwabakhiqizi abahamba phambili be-TIM, imikhiqizo yazo ezethulwe emakethe yaseRussia: "Ikhanyiswe" (uphawu lwentengiso "Penofol"), "PenophelEx" (isoroki " , Ursa. Ukukhethwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kungenxa yendawo yohlelo lokusebenza kanye nohlobo lomklamo.
Yini inkomba eyikhwalithi yekhwalithi yokufakelwa okushisayo?
Isimo esibaluleke kakhulu sanoma yikuphi ukufakwa kwe-thermal kuyinto e-thermal acfficity coefflity λ. Lokho angaphansi, kuwukusebenza okusebenzayo kakhulu, okungukuthi, kuzonciphisa ukulahleka kokushisa. Esikhathini sanamuhla, le nkomba iyahlukahluka ebangeni le-0.03-0.05 w / (m • K).
Lapho ukhetha u-Tim, kufanelekile ukuthi unakekelwe lokho ngesikhathi sokusebenza, izinto ezifakiwe zisesimweni esithile esishukunyisweyo, izinga lokushisa lincike ekushiseni nasezimweni zomswakama ngaphandle nangaphakathi kocingo. Ushintsho ku-coefficient of arractivity arractivity ezinhlakeni ezixhaphaziwe lubheka ama-coefficients we-thermal λa kanye ne-λb (endaweni esomile futhi emanzi). Umahluko wawo omncane, ukukhuphuka kwesendlalelo sokufakelwa. Abakhiqizi abathembekile bakhombisa amanani abonisa isimo sangempela sokusebenza kwe-Tim.
Photo: "Tekhnonikol"
Ingabe ukuhlukunyezwa kwezinto zokufaka ezifaka i-insundlating kubalulekile?
Kunombono wokuthi izinto ezixubile ezihlanyayo, zingcono. Lesi sitatimende siyinganekwane, kepha isizathu sokubonakala kwaso sichaziwe. Okokuqala, ngezinto zokwakha eziningi zokwakha, ukuncika okunjalo kukhona: The madense okwedlule, kukhuphuka kakhulu ngokuzingela kwabo okushisayo kanye nokubi kakhulu bagcina ukushisa. Okwesibili, izipoki zaseSoviet, ukuhlukaniswa kwezinto zokufakwa kwezinsini ezishisayo ekubunjweni kwazo.
Photo: "Saint-Goben"
Eqinisweni, abukho ubudlelwano obuqondile phakathi kobukhulu nokuvuselelwa okushisayo. Ubuchwepheshe besimanje bukuvumela ukuthi ukhiqize izinto zokwakha ezisebenzayo neziqinile zokuqina, ukuqina okushisayo okuphansi kunabalingani babo "obukhulu". Umphumela wobunzima bokudla okushisayo ungalinganiswa kuphela ngohlaka lwezinto zokwakha zeqembu elifanayo; Akufanele siqhathanise, sithi, uvololi wamaminerali ngokusekelwe ku-basalt (itshe) novolo lwamaminerali ngokususelwa ku-fiberglass. Uma owokuqala ubonakala mkhulu ngokwengeziwe, akusho ukuthi kusho ukuthi "kufudumele".
Funda ngokucophelela imininingwane ngephakeji. Kunamapharamitha ayisisekelo wezinto ezibonakalayo, idatha edingekayo ekusetshenzisweni nokufakwa.
Ukuqina kwalesi singanekwane kugcinwa ngesifiso semvelo sabathengi ukuthenga okuningana ukuhlela indlu yezwe futhi, njengoba kubonakala, izinto ezihlala isikhathi eside. Yize kwezinye izimo (ngokwesibonelo, ekwakhiweni kohlaka, lapho ukufudumeza phansi ku-lags, njll.) Imithwalo. Okusho ukuthi, amandla alo akuyona into ebaluleke kakhulu, futhi ngobuningi ngokweqile, eqinisweni, baphendukela isisindo ngokweqile.Kepha ngenxa yokufakelwa phansi phansi ngaphansi kwethayi, ukufakwa okuhlala isikhathi eside kuyadingeka, ukwazi ukumelana nomthwalo obalulekile ngaphandle kokukhubazeka, ngokwesibonelo, amapuleti anwebekayo e-polystyrene. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha u-Tim, kuyadingeka ukugxila kwisici sawo esiyinhloko - i-coeffic ye-thermal ephathekayo, kanye nomkhiqizo womkhiqizo, kunconywe ngumenzi.
Ungakukhetha kanjani ubukhulu bokufakelwa okushisayo?
Imvamisa, abathuthukisi abangaguquki bathenge ama-rolls noma amapuleti ngokukhululeka kuka-50 mm futhi bawasebenzise, ngaphandle kokucabanga, noma ngabe ungqimba lunemfudumalo kangaka ukuze indlu ifudumele ngempela. Kodwa-ke, ubukhulu obudingekayo bokufakwa okushisayo kuncike ezintweni eziningi:
Isimo sezulu esifundeni lapho indlu itholakala khona, izinga lomswakama, izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile emgwaqweni ngesikhathi sokushisa nesikhathi sokushisa;
Isikwele sendlu nenombolo yezitezi;
Into design yokufakelwa (udonga, ophahleni, ukugqagqana, njll.) Futhi amapharamitha awo: impahla, uhlobo lomklamo nosayizi;
Ukusebenza kwamandla kubhekiswa uhlobo lwamafutha, amanani alo, inani lokuhlala endlini, izinga lokushisa elinethezekile.
Photo: "Tekhnonikol"
Okokubala okulula kwe-inthanethi kuyabonakala ukwenza kube lula ukwenza umsebenzi, okuvezwe kumasayithi wabakhiqizi abakhulu bokufaka okufakwayo kwe-thermal. Izinhlelo ezenzelwe ngokukhethekile zizokwenza ukubalwa kobunjiniyela bokushisa kokufakelwa, kuzokhetha umkhiqizo womkhiqizo ohambelana nezidingo ezithile, ukubala inombolo oyifunayo yamaphakeji. Akufanele ungayinaki le nsizakalo, ngoba unomklamo ofanayo wokuqina kodonga wesendlalelo esifaka ukushisa ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene zezwe lethu elikhulu kungahluka kungaphezulu kwezikhathi ezi-3! Ngaphezu kwalokho, izivakashi kumasayithi zinethuba lokukhetha inketho ephumelelayo yokufakwa okwengeziwe kwamakamelo abo.
Photo: "Saint-Gaben," Pekhwool, Tekhnonikol,
"I-isover ventfasad ngezansi", 1170 × 610 × 50 mm (1 pack - rub 1325 rub.) (A); Rockwool roccafasad, 1000 × 600 × 50 mm (1 pack. - 635 rub.) (B); "Induduzo yePenopherex", 1200 × 600 × 50 mm (1 pack. - 1260 rubis.) (B); Tekhnonikol rockayt 1200 × 600 × 50 mm (1 pack. - 420 Rubles) (g); "I-Technonikol GreenGuard Universal", 1170 × 610 × 50 mm (1 pack - rub 1325 rub.) (E)
Ingabe ukufakwa kwamaminerali kugcina ifomu ngempela?
Uma ukufakwa kusulwa ukugcina lelo fomu - lokhu kuvame ukuba ngumphumela wokuqonda okungalungile. Abangewona ochwepheshe, okuthi, u-Bes, unganaki imininingwane nezincomo kumaphakeji womkhiqizo, ama-liners, amasayithi abakhiqizi, angavumela amaphutha amakhulu. Isibonelo, kufakwa impahla enomswakama ekwakhiweni, noma kuphi lapho kufanele yomiswe ngokuphelele. Noma lapho efaka ekhaya, bakhohlwa ukubeka ungqimba lokufakelwa kwe-vapor ukuvikela ukungena komswakama egumbini elisezingeni lokufakwa. Kulokhu, umswakama unesisindo sokufaka impahla okufaka ukufakwa, yingakho kuxazululiwe. Ezimweni ezinjalo, asisho ngekhwalithi yemikhiqizo, kodwa ngekhwalithi yokufakwa.Uma sisebenzisa okuqukethwe ngokuya ngezincomo zomkhiqizi noma ziqondiswe ama-albhamu ezixazululo zezobuchwepheshe, zihambisane nobuchwepheshe bokufaka, isikhathi sokusebenza okusebenzayo kokufakwa kwamaminerali kuzoba okungenani iminyaka engama-50.
Yini etholakala ekuphazisweni kwezinto zokufaka okushisayo?
Ilebula yezinto zokufakwa kwezingubo zokufaka okushisayo kufanele zinikezwe imininingwane elandelayo ngesiRussia:
- Igama lomkhiqizo;
- Inombolo yephathi;
- Igama, ikheli lomenzi kanye nophawu lwayo lwentengiso;
- Izinkomba ze-TU (imininingwane ebekiwe), i-Gost noma eminye imibhalo elawula izici nekhwalithi yezinto ezibonakalayo, kanye nezitifiketi ezidingekayo ekuthengisweni kwemikhiqizo endimeni yeRussia Federation;
- ubukhulu bejometri;
- Inani lomkhiqizo kwiphakheji (izingcezu, m², m³);
- Ukuvuselelwa okushisayo (λ);
- Isigaba se-Fireproof.
Ungakuhlukanisa kanjani ukwahlukaniswa kwangempela kusuka kwikhwalithi empofu noma inkohliso?
Ukufakwa okushisayo kwe-mineral okwenziwe nge-fiberglass kunamathele ekuthinteni, kunephunga elibukhali, izakhiwo ezingalingani kanye nombala wemicu. Ngemuva kokuvula iphakethe, okuqukethwe akubuyiselwe kusayizi oshiwo, ikhefu, ama-rolls, uthuli.Amapuleti okufakwa kwamaminerali avela enoboya lwamatshe awalingani ngokuya ngesakhiwo, siyazixazulula, musa ukubamba lelo fomu; Imicu ikhefu kalula futhi ikhungathekile; Okuqukethwe kunenani elikhulu le-inclusions engabophisi - kolkov (izinhlayiya zefomu elibunjiwe noma elinomumo ngosayizi ongaphezulu kuka-0.25 mm).
Amapuleti wokufakelwa kusuka ku-Polystyrererererererenererenere ahlukile endaweni engavuthiwe, isakhiwo esingenamqondo (ane-voids, imifantu, imiphetho yejometri (ubuso obungaqondile, imiphetho ehambisanayo) kanye nokukhubazeka nge-squeezing eqinile ngeminwe.
Kukuyiphi lefomu okungcono ukuthola impahla efaka ukulenga?
Izinto zokufaka zokufaka okushisayo zikhiqizwa ngendlela yama-mat (rolls), amapuleti kanye namasilinda.
Abashadikazi basebenziseka kalula ekusebenziseni ezindaweni ezihlabekile kanye nasemakamelweni amakhulu. Kulula ukugoqa umqulu, usike isiqeshana sosayizi osifunayo bese usibeka ekwakhiweni, wakhe ungqimba olungenamkhawulo olungenamkhawulo ngaphandle kwamabhuloho abandayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-Mats alungele ukufakwa kwezinto ezivundlile nezilayishiwe zophahla, ukwahlukaniswa, ama-lags kanye nezitezi zaphansi.
Amapuleti asebenza kahle kakhulu ezikhaleni eziboshwe isikhala, ezindaweni ezisefulethini futhi lapho zisebenza zodwa.
Amasilinda abunjiwe wohlobo olufanele lwangaphakathi kanye nezindonga zobukhulu obuhambisanayo bahlukanisa amapayipi okuthola amanzi ashisayo nabandayo. Kubaqoqi abanama-diameter amakhulu, kusetshenziswa izinto ezigoqiwe ezithambile.
Uhlobo lomkhiqizo owodwa womkhiqizo aluphazamisi izici, zifana ngokuphelele, futhi umthengi unelungelo lokukhetha inketho yomkhiqizo ofanele.
Ukufakwa kwe-facade okwengeziwe ekhaya
Ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi, izindonga zihlanzwa kusuka ku-cladding yakudala (a). Ngesisekelo eqondaniswe ngaphambili, ungqimba oluqinile ngokulandelana kwe-chess okunamathiselwe amapuleti ePenopelex. Ngale njongo, i-glue ye-penopelex esheshayo (b) i-glue) isetshenziswa ngokuzungeza iplate ngayinye, ngemuva kwalokho icindezelwe esisekelweni (b). Ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwepuleti okungenzeka kube ngaphansi kwesisindo sabo noma ngaphansi kwethonya lezinye izinto, ngaphezu kwalokho kulungiswa yi-facade dowels kusukela ekubalweni kwama-PC angama-4-5. ngo-1 m² (g). I-glue efanayo igcwalisa ama-slots aqhakaza ngesikhathi senqubo yokufaka, ngaleyo ndlela iqede ukuvela kwamabhuloho abandayo (g). Usuqedile ukufakwa kwesendlalelo sokufakwa kwe-thermal, qhubeka nokuqedwa kwendlu okulula kwezomnotho nezobuchwepheshe (e)
Ukwehlukaniswa kwe-foil
Amapuleti we-Mats / amaminerali wokufakwa kwamaminerali ahlanganiswe ne-aluminium foil asetshenziselwa ukufakwa kwezindonga, uphahla, phansi kwama-lagham, ngaphakathi komswakama ophezulu. Ukufakelwa okunjalo kusebenza njengesihlangu sokushisa esisebenzayo kanye nesihlangu se-parobarrier, ngaphandle kokufaka ulwelwesi olungeziwe, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokufaka. Isendlalelo esibonisayo sithuthukisa umphumela wokusindisa ukushisa kokuzehlukanisa. Ungqimba luhlala luphathwa ngaphakathi kwekamelo, ubukhulu begebe lomoya phakathi kwalo kanye nokuqedwa kokuqeda kungu-10-25 mm.
Photo: "Tekhnonikol"
Photo: I-Legion-Media
Photo: "Tekhnonikol"
Lapho kwakhiwa izindlu, izinqubo zohlaka zivame ukusetshenziswa ngokugcwalisa ngokuphumelelayo okushisayo okushisayo. Ukuze kube lula ukusebenza, iphimbo kufanele libe ngu-600/1200 mm kuma-axes kanye nama-580-590 mm ku-lumen. Amapuleti amatshe woboya abeka phakathi kwabo