Abaqoqi be-solar eNtshonalanga baphathwa ngokuthi "Altrocarbon" uphethiloli, kodwa ngesiRussia nsuku zonke abakakakabi njalo. Ngokunokwenzeka, isizathu sitholakala ngokungazi kwabasebenzisi okungenzeka. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ngokusetshenziswa okufanele, umqoqi welanga wakhokhela ngokuphelele ngisho nakuthi, kunalokho esibi, isimo sezulu.
Photo: I-Legion-Media
Umqondo wokusebenzisa ukushisa kwelanga ukushisa kwamanzi akukusha. Emapulazini amaningi ezwe, kune-barrel ekhethekile noma esinye isitsha esifanayo, sibekelwe imisebe yelanga elifanele. Ekuseni, amanzi eqhwa avela emthonjeni athululelwa emgqonyeni, futhi kusihlwa kufudumeza ukushisa okunethezekile futhi kufanelekile ukugeza, ukugeza noma, kusho, ukunisela izitshalo ezithanda ukushisa.
IHeliosystems yanamuhla isebenza ngokwesimiso esifanayo. Imisebe yelanga iyafudunyezwa kumqoqi okhethekile wamanzi opholile, ongena ethangini nge-exchanger yokushisa nangokugcina amanzi ngezidingo zomthengi. Njengokuphola, njengomthetho, kusetshenziswa ingxube yamanzi ne-antifreeze, hhayi ukuqaqa ngamazinga okushisa amancane. Ngaphezu kwalezi zinto ezingenhla, uhlelo luvame ukufaka i-pump tow pump uketshezi lokuposela (olukhona, nokho, nezinhlelo zokujikeleza kwemvelo), kanye nokulawulwa ngogesi kanye nokulawula amadivayisi alawulwa uhlelo lokulawula uhlelo.
Yimaphi amaphutha avame ukuvumela abathengi lapho ekhetha uhlelo lwe-helium?
Njengomthetho, bafuna ukuthola i-100% yamandla avela kumqoqi welanga, ngaphandle kokubheka ukuthi ilanga alikwazi ukuba "licishiwe", okungukuthi, yeka ukufudumala ngentando. Ngenxa yalokhu, uhlelo lugqibe ngokweqile, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuntuleka kokwelashwa kwamanzi ngezinsuku ezishisayo zasehlobo. Ukufakwa kufanele kukhethwe isikhathi esishisa kakhulu, futhi ngezinsuku ezibandayo, sebenzisa umthombo owengeziwe wokushisa noma ukuxazulula inkinga yokushisa kabusha, ngokwesibonelo, ukuhlinzeka amakhethini amboza umqoqi.
Kungani abaqoqi belanga abasetshenziselwa ukufudumeza kwamanzi ezinhlelweni ze-radiator zokushisa ebusika?
Kunezizathu eziningana zalokho. Ikakhulu, ebusika, ukushisa okuningi kudliwa ebusuku, ngokulandelana, usuku oludingekayo ukudala imali ebalulekile yamanzi ashisayo ethangini elishisayo, eliholela ezindlekweni ezengeziwe (hhayi ukubala inani elikhulu abaqoqi). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ohlelweni lweSolar Collector, ingxube ye-polypropylene glycol enamanzi isiyanziwa, namanzi ama-radiator. Ukudluliswa kokushisa okuvela kuma-radiator nge-polypropylene glycol kuzokwehla, ngakho-ke kuzofanela ukukhulisa inani lamadivayisi wokushisa. Ngenxa yalokhu, uhlelo luzobiza, isikhathi eside sokukhokha. "Ariston" wethule ama-heliumsystems ezinhlobo eziningana, ngokujikeleza kwemvelo nokuphoqelelwa. Izinhlelo ezinokujikeleza kwemvelo - ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa kwezikhathi ezithile. Ukusebenza kwazo okuphezulu kufanele kuhambisane nesikhathi sohlelo lokusebenza (ihlobo). Ugesi awudingekile emsebenzini, kepha ungaxhuma eziyishumi uma udinga ukulingana ebusuku. Ukusebenza kwalezo zinhlelo kuphansi kunokuphoqelelwa, kepha ngasikhathi sinye ngaphezulu kwezinga lokuvikelwa ekushiseni ngokweqile.
USergey Bugaev
Uchwepheshe womkhiqizo, umnyango we-Ariston Termon Rus Rus Marketing
Phezulu
Ngokwesilinganiso, onyakeni we-heliosystem uhlanganisa cishe ama-60% esidingo sokulungiselela kwamanzi ashisayo. Ehlobo le-heliosystem iyakwazi ukunikeza ngokuphelele ikotishi lakhe. Ebusika noma imvula, izinsuku ezingamafu zisetshenziswa ngokubambisana neminye imithombo yamandla. Njengemishini yokusiza, efana negesi, udizili noma ugesi oqinile angavela. Kulokhu, umqoqi kanye nama-boilers axhumeke kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi yi-BIVAVENT Baku - okungukuthi, i-baku enabadlali ababili bokushisa abakhelwe ngaphakathi. Kukhona nama-boilers anabalingani abathathu bokushisa ukuxhuma imithombo emithathu ehlukene, kepha ajwayelekile.Isixha se- "Heliosystem - i-boiler" ithandwa kakhulu ukuthi abakhiqizi abakhulu kakhulu bemishini yokushisa (Ariston, Baxi, Bosch, Videerus, de Dietrich, Viessmann) Anikeza amamodeli wezinhlobo zombili. Ngakho-ke, ungahlanganisa uhlelo ngedivayisi eyodwa yokulawula. Isibonelo, u-Ariston, umsebenzi we-boiler heliosystems uyakwazi ukuguqulwa usebenzisa idivaysi yokulawula izinzwa yase-Ariston, i-vissessmann iyisilawuli se-vitosolic.
Isikimu sokuqamba iqoqo
Umdwebo: Igor Smirhagin / Burda Media
1 - Ingilazi yasemadolobheni; 2 - I-Absorber nge-coative ekhethwe kakhulu; I-3 - kabili Exchanger Exchanger yohlobo lwe-Pove-Poves 4 - Isisekelo kusuka ku-aluminium alloy kanye nokufakwa okushisayo
Abaqoqi abasezicaba basebenza kahle ehlobo nangemisebe yelanga eliqondile, kanye ne-vacuum, ngokuphambene, bazibonakalise ngezimo zemisebe ehlakazekile ebusika nasesikhathini sefu
Ipayipi noma indiza?
Iphaneli-iphaneli namamodeli we-tubular abaqoqi abaseSolar bathole ukusatshalaliswa okukhulu kakhulu. Banezinzuzo zabo nobubi.
Photo: Ariston
I-Vacuum Solar Collector Kailos VT (Ariston) yezinhlelo zokusakazwa okuphoqelelwe kanye nokusebenza kahle. Kungenzeka ujikeleze amapayipi wokumuncwa kwamandla afanele.
Abaqoqi abaphansi bangaphandle bafana namaphaneli elanga. Futhi akumangazi: Indiza yabo yangaphandle iyinhlangano exande yengilazi eshubile. Ngaphansi kwalo kuyinto ephuzayo - into edonsa imisebe yelanga. Ingaphezulu le-Absorber liphendukele elangeni liyahlukaniswa yi-coating ekhethekile, kanye namashubhu wokushisa okushisa anoketshezi lokudluliselwa kokushisa (bheka umdwebo) libekwe ngaphansi kwalo (bheka umfanekiso). Ngenxa yokuhanjiswa okukhanyayo okukhethiwe kwengilazi ngaphakathi kwephaneli, kudalwe umphumela wokumba ukushisa: Ukungena ngokukhululeka ngaphakathi kwama-rays welanga ukushisa umthambo we-waverch, okuqala kungadluleli ngengilazi futhi akunakudlula Shiya umqoqi.
Kubaqoqi be-vacuum tubular, esikhundleni se-absorber efulethini, amapayipi e-vacuum dollall odongeni olunamaphini anokubonisa okubonakalayo kusetshenziswa kwangaphakathi kwangaphakathi. Idizayini isebenza njenge- "Thermos ephambene": Imisebe yelanga idlula engilazini bese ishisa i-Heat Exchanger yahlela ngaphakathi kwe-tube.
Kukholakala ukuthi abaqoqi belanga bayaphumelela kuphela ezindaweni eziseningizimu nasemazweni aseningizimu, kepha amaphrojekthi amaningi ezindlu ezizimele ezineHeliosystems sezivele zaqalwa kulo lonke elaseYurophu, ku-Urals naseSiberia
Mangaki "izikwele" esizidingayo?
Photo: Buderus.
I-Solar Collector Buderus Logasol SKN4.0 (65 izinkulungwane zama-ruble). Indawo etholwa yi-Copper enombala okhethwe kakhulu iyasetshenziswa. Ingilazi eqinile yokuvikela eqinile ibonakala ngamalambu aphezulu omgwaqo (kuze kufike ku-92%)
Indawo ye-solar Collector incike ekusebenzeni okubaliwe kohlelo lwe-helium. Isibonelo, ufuna ukuthola amanzi ashisayo okugeza kanye nezidingo zasendlini. Okokuqala, udinga ukukhetha ithangi lokushisa losayizi olifunayo, i-algorithm yokubala umthamo wayo iyafana nakwama-boiler aqoqayo ngokushisa kukagesi noma igesi (mayelana nokukhethwa kwe-boiler, bheka isihloko esithi "inhliziyo eshisayo ye-baku ", No. 3/2014). IVolumu incike enanini labasebenzisi kanye nohlobo lwemishini yokugezela (ngokwesibonelo, ifonti noma ukugeza).
Njengoba sinqume umkhawulo we-boiler, uzofunda ukusebenza kwe-solar Collector futhi, ngokufanele, ukubala indawo yawo bese ukubala ukuthi yisiphi isikhala esidingekayo ukuze sibekhwe. Ukubalwa okunembe kakhudlwana kwezindleko, amapharamitha angeziwe angadingeka, njengokuthambekela kophahla kanye ne-angle phakathi kokuqagelwa okuvundlile kwalo perpendicular kuyo kanye nesiqondisi esiseningizimu. Ama-algorithms alungele ukusetshenziselwa ukubala, ngakho-ke uchwepheshe uzowufeza kalula lo msebenzi. Abakhiqizi abaningi kanye nabafaki benza ukubala mahhala.
Malini "tikwele"? Intengo ikakhulukazi incike kumenzi. I-Chinese eshibhile ingathengwa ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-10-20. Imodyuli ye-2 M² Collector. Umkhiqizo ofanayo wokukhiqizwa kwaseYurophu kubiza izikhathi ezi-3-4 ezibiza kakhulu. Elinye lama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-30-60. Isilawuli kanye noBoiler bazobiza.
Imvamisa, abaqoqi be-solar bafakwa ngendlela yokuthi baphakeme kune-heater yamanzi ekhona. Amapayipi axhumeka umqoqi kanye ne-heater yamanzi afakwa ngomthambeka oqhubekayo futhi kufanele abe mafushane. Kuyadingeka ukuthi bamelana namazinga okushisa aze afike ku-150 ° C kanye nengcindezi yebha engu-6, ngakho-ke kungcono ukusebenzisa amapayipi ethusi. Ngokuqondene nokufakelwa okushisayo, futhi inezimfuneko ezithile: ubukhulu, ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu, i-ultraviolet, njll. Inketho efanelekile ukufaka isicelo samapayipi e-duo tube: I-Direct, Refseck Lines kanye nekhebula inzwa yokuqoqa Ukufakwa kokufakwa okushisayo (ngokuvikelwa ku-ultraviolet), nangaphezulu okumbozwe ngezinto ezizomelana nokushaywa kwemilomo yezinyoni.
Olga Kovalenko
Inhloko ye-Resourness Energy Sources de Dietrich »Inkampani yeRusklimat Latermo
Umthambeka ofanele wendiza yomqokeleli
Amaphaneli abaqoqi abaseSolar atholakala endizeni ethambekele ngendlela yokuthi imisebe yelanga yawa phezu kwabo e-angle, isondele ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukuthambekela okuphezulu kwendiza ye-reservoir kufana ne-latitude yendawo futhi, ngokwesibonelo, eMoscow 57 °. Enyakatho ye-hemisphere, indlela eseningizimu 'yombono "wephaneli (yithi, induku eseningizimu yophahla) ifanelekile. Vele, ezinye izinto akufanele zivimbele umqoqi elangeni. Akukona njalo ukubona yonke imibandela, ngakho-ke lapho ufaka abaqoqi, izinhlaka zensimbi ezenziwe ngezandla noma ze-welded zisetshenziswa kabanzi.
Photo: de Diestich
Amanzi heater de Dietrich BSL 200 (ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-161). I-225 L Tanging, kusuka ekhasini elinensimbi efakwe ngaphakathi, ukufakwa okushisayo okungu-50 mm, ama-anch exchanger amabili, i-magnesium anode ukuvikela ngokugqwala, ingcindezi ephezulu
Indlela elula lapho umfutho odingekayo wephaneli uhambelana nethambeka yophahla. Kulokhu, ukugcotshwa okwengeziwe akudingekile, futhi umqoqi uzofakwa ebhasini lomhlangano kusuka ensimbi efihlekile. Ithayi ligcwele izimbotshana futhi lithembele kuzo zisebenzisa izingwegwe ezikhethekile zokuvuthwa. Ibanga phakathi kwezingwegwe libalwa ngamatafula weretha futhi lincike ebangeni phakathi kwama-rafters kanye nomthwalo weqhwa. Izingwegwe ze-rafter zisuselwa kuphela kuma-rafters kungaba kwi-lingmediate doom (enye inkomba eyengeziwe esetshenziswayo) futhi akufanele ibethembele ophahleni. Ukuxhumeka kwamapayipi kwenziwa ngezinto zokufakelwa kwezindaba noma ukuthengisa okuqinile okuqinile.
Ukufaka umqoqi kungukusebenza okunomthwalo wemfanelo, ngoba mayelana namaphutha abafaki abangenalwazi noma abanganaki, uzothola ukuthi cishe akunakwenzeka yini ukubalungisa. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukufaka isicelo kubafaki abanokuhlangenwe nakho okunje. Ummeleli wenkampani uzohlola izingosi zokufaka ezingaba khona futhi ephethe ukuphela mayelana nokuthi kungenzeka yini ukubeka umqoqi, futhi kubale nezinto zobunjiniyela zesakhiwo soMhlangano, kucatshangelwa imithwalo yomoya kanye neqhwa.
Kwamanye amazwe, abaqoqi abaseSolar ngeke basebenzise ukufudumeza kuphela, kepha futhi baphulukise amanzi emachibini: Kulokhu, izinhlelo zelanga zivame ukusetshenziswa nge-Exchanger Exchanger ekhethekile yangaphandle
I-HelioSystems evame ukusetshenziselwa i-DHW enama-exchanger amabili okushisa ethangi (elinye abaqoqi, elinye le-boiler). Ukusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo zelanga kuphakeme kakhulu kunalokho okubhekwayo. Ngakho-ke, ku-Bosch Collector Systems nendawo eyi-1.9-2.4 M2 kuphela, ivela ukuthi yanele ukukhiqiza inani elifanele lamanzi. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kahle kuncike ngokuphelele ekutheni uhlelo lubalwa kahle kanjani. ERussia, ukusakazeka kwamukele abaqoqi bezinhlobo zombili. Umugqa weBosch wethule abaqoqi belanga efulethi ezenziwe eJalimane. Zithembekile kakhulu futhi zikwazi ukusebenza kahle unyaka wonke. Abaqoqi bafakiwe ukumelana nezinguquko zesimo sezulu. Ingilazi kanye ne-abrorber ngesakhiwo esikhethekile esikhulisa ukusebenza kahle kwamadivayisi.Konstantin eremikh
Umphathi Womkhiqizo Wenkampani "Bosch Tern"
Ukufakwa komqoqi welanga ophahleni
Ukuxhaswa kufakiwe ku-rafter, ukusika kwenziwa ku-tiled
Isihlalo se-Seal sivaliwe
Iyunithi leqoqo lihlelwe ngezingwegwe ezinamathiselwe kwi-rake. Amapayipi ethusi esifundeni ahlanganiswe nokuthengisa okuqinile okuqinile noma ukucindezela
Ukuqhathaniswa kwephaneli-iphaneli kanye nabaqoqi be-tubular
| Amapharamitha | Flat pallen | -Tubur |
| Izindleko | I-20-30% ephansi kune-vacuum yesigaba esifanayo | Ibiza kakhulu |
| Sebenza phakathi nosuku | Ukusebenza kahle kushintsha okuningi phakathi nosuku, kusuka kubuncane ekuphumeni kwelanga kuze kube sekupheleni, lapho ilanga laseZenith, khona-ke ukusebenza kahle kuncishiswe ubuncane | Ngenxa yefomu le-tubular lomqoqi kanye nomphumela wesibuko, imisebe yelanga isetshenziswa kahle futhi isebenza kahle cishe ayishintshi phakathi nosuku |
| Sebenza kubanda isikhathi sonyaka | Ukusebenza kahle kungama-30- 40% aphansi kunalokho kwe-vacuum | Ukusebenza okuphezulu (30- 40%) ngenxa yokulahleka okuncane kokushisa |
| Amandla, Ukumelana Neziteleka | -Phezulu | -Ehlile |
| Ukufeza | -Ehlile | Phezulu (ungangena esikhundleni sesigaba esilimele) |
| Ukuhambahamba ngomkhumbi | Phezulu (okudingayo isisekelo esihlala isikhathi eside) | -Vamile |
Abaqoqi be-solar bafakwa ngethayi elikhuphukayo eliqinile ezigwebheni ezine zokusekelwa, ezimbili ezingenhla nambili ngezansi
Uhlelo lokushisa lwelanga luphoqeke ukujikeleza kwe-kairos Macc CD1
AmaKairos Solar Cheelers ekufakweni okuvundlile
Nokukhuphuka okuqondile
Esimweni sezulu esihle, abaqoqi be-solar bakuvumela ukuthi uqinisekise ngokuphelele izidingo zabaninikhaya emanzini ashisayo
Ukuhlukahluka kokuxhumeka kwe-diagonal kwabaqoqi (uketshezi olubandayo kuza kanye ne-nozzle ephansi yangakwesokudla futhi uphuma ngosizo lwenhla kwesokunxele)
Abaqoqi be-solar bangafakwa ophahleni kuphela, kepha nakunoma iyiphi indawo evulekile
Izwe eliphesheya, abaqoqi belanga bangena ngokuqinile empilweni yansuku zonke futhi basetshenziselwa izidingo zomsebenzi ngenkuthalo.
Izakhiwo zasehlobo ezivela kumqoqi welanga kanye nethangi eliqongelayo - indlela elula nephumelelayo yokuqinisekisa indlu yamanzi ashisayo ngesikhathi sasehlobo.
Incazelo yohlelo lokujikeleza kwemvelo lwe-Kairos Thermo HF (Ariston) (ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-110)