Izici zohlelo lokushisa kanye nokuhlinzekwa kwamanzi okushisayo kwezindlu zezwe zisengozini enkulu yezinqubo ezingezinhlelekile ze-electrochemical: izinga lokushisa eliphakeme namanzi kuyathinteka. Ungayigwema kanjani inkathazo engenzeka?
Photo: Bosch. Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza isikhathi eside kokufakwa okufudumeza, kuyadingeka ukwenza njalo ukunakekelwa. Ngaphezu kokuhlola, ingcindezi kufanele futhi ibhekwe futhi, uma kunesidingo, lungisa i-PH ye-WAMS ohlelweni lokushisa
Phakathi kwazo zonke izinto eziyingozi, "ezithandwa kakhulu", mhlawumbe, isilinganiselo sezinga sibizwa ngokuthi yi-soluble infoluble yosawoti we-calcium, ama-magnesium nezinye izinsimbi. Kwakheka ngenxa yokushisa amanzi ompompi kuya ku-60-65 ° C, lapho kutholakala khona amasawoti ngendlela ye-ion. Kusuka esikalini, zonke izingxenye zokushisa nezinhlelo zamanzi ashisayo zingahlupheka, ezithintana namanzi, kepha usayizi obanzi we-precititate yakhelwe kuma-bac kagesi wokushisa amanzi okushisa. Badinga ukuvikelwa okwengeziwe. Amathuluzi amaningi we-Accumulator ahlonyelwe nge-anode ye-magnesium, ebhujiswa kancane kancane ngesikhathi sokusabela kwe-oxidative, ivikela abayishumi ekwakhekeni kwesilinganiso, kanye nezindonga zethangi - kusuka ekugqwalweni.
Photo: Buderus. Ukuvimbela ukugqwala kwama-boiler, izinto ezinolaka akufanele ziqukathe emoyeni ukuze zihlanganiswe igesi. I-Complocina ama-halogen-aqukethe ama-hydrocarbons, ama-chlorine namakhompiyutha we-fluorine
Ukuvimbela ukugqwala, kuyadingeka ukuhlanganisa kahle umjikelezo wokushisa ukuze umoya-mpilo kangaka akaweli kuwo.
I-Magnesium Anode ene-Great Wear kumele ithathelwe indawo. Isimo senduku silinganiselwa ngokubonakalayo ekuhlolweni kwensiza yonyaka. Imvamisa, i-anode kufanele iguquke kanye eminyakeni eyi-1-2, ngakho-ke lapho ukuthenga kufanelekile ukucacisa lapho kuzokwazi ukuthenga khona into nokuthi ungayifaka esikhundleni. Kodwa-ke, imodeli yokushisa kwamanzi nge-anode ye-titanium exhunywe emthonjeni we-protective yamanje ("nge-overlipling") yasatshalaliswa futhi ayidingi ukufaka esikhundleni.
Photo: Rundau.
Ngokuqondene nezinhlelo zokushisa kwezindlu zezwe, emibukeni evulekile efakwe kahle ngamanani amancane wokujikeleza okupholile (amashumi amaningana amalitha), ingozi yesilinganiso incane. Futhi ukuze ukugweme, kwanele njengoba amanzi etholwa endlini eyokhiqiza ukuqeqeshwa okujwayelekile, okuhloswe ukunciphisa ukuqina, ukuncipha kokuqukethwe kwe-calcium kanye ne-magnesium (ekhuluma ngokuningiliziwe esihlokweni esithi "Amanzi - Futhi akukho lutho oluqine kakhulu ", Cha. 1/2015.). Enye into yizindlu ze-Utatility Boiler izindlu, lapho amavolumu aphambili nokuvuza okuqhubekayo okufanele kunxephezele. Ezimweni ezinjalo, zombili izihlungi ezengeziwe zethambisayo zingasetshenziswa ohlelweni lokuhlinzekwa kwamanzi ngamanzi nezikabi zamanzi athandwayo namuhla.
Photo: de Diestich. Iqoqo le-Titan activ System (de Dietrich) kusuka ku-angode ye-titanium enokunikezwa kwamanje nokunikezwa kwamandla. Inzuzo yayo - lapho umsebenzi ungachithwanga i-anode
Ingozi eningi yezinhlelo zokufudumeza zasendlini ukugcwala kwensimbi yokufakelwa kokushisa. Kungavela ngenxa yohlelo lokushisa lwe-oxygen emoyeni. Izindlela ezingenzeka zokungeniswa komoya-mpilo - ukulangazelela ohlelweni lokushisa, izindawo zokudumisa, ithangi lokunweba osayizi abangafanele noma amapayipi epulasitiki ngaphandle kwesendlalelo sepulasitiki ngaphandle kwesendlalelo sokuvikela. Kunzima ukubhekana nokugqwala, kulula kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuqina kohlelo kusengaphambili, ukuklama kahle uhlaka kanye nokusebenzisa amapayipi ngesendlalelo esivikelayo.
Ukulimala kokugqwala kuvame ukwenzeka ezimweni lapho umoya-mpilo uhlala ewela emanzini wesifunda sokushisa. Ukugwema lokhu, ukufakwa kokushisa kufanele kuvalwe. Ezimweni lapho kungenakwenzeka khona ukudala uhlelo oluvaliwe, kuyadingeka ukunikeza izinyathelo ezikhethekile zokuvikela ngokubhuqwa, ukucubungula amanzi asetshenziselwa ukufudumeza. Kanye nokugcwalisa ukufakwa kokushisa kwamanzi asetshenzisiwe, amakhemikhali akhethekile angangezwa. Babopha i-oksijini yamahhala noma bakha ifilimu evikela ekunciphiseni ebusweni bezinto zokwakha. Ngaphezu kokuhlola ingcindezi, kufanele futhi ibhekwe futhi, uma kunesidingo, lungisa i-PH ye-PH yohlelo lokushisa. Kufanele isuka ku-8.2 kuye ku-9.5.
UVictoria Bariev
Unjiniyela Wokuxhaswa Kwamanzi, iBosch Lamatechika
