Ekugcineni, ukuhlanganiswa kophahla kuyabekwa, ama-eaves afakwa futhi kufakwa i-gutter drainage. Kubukeka sengathi imisebenzi ephezulu kakhulu isiphelile. Kodwa-ke, akudingekile ukushesha, ngoba kusadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile kophahla.
Umkhakha ohlanganisiwe awuzange ube nomqondo wohlelo lwe- "Doofing System". Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi amathuluzi, ukusiza ngaphandle kobunzima obuningi kanye nengozi yokuya ophahleni, hambisa kuyo lapho ugcina futhi ulungisa, kanye nokuvimba izimbambo zeqhwa. Yiziphi izinto eziyinto enjalo, ongazithenga ngayo nokuthi ungafaka kanjani?
Photo: UDkt. Schiefer.
Indlela phezulu
Iningi labanikazi bezindlu zezwe bavame ukuvalwa ophahleni futhi benze ama-balks amaningi noma amade. Okokuqala, udinga ukuhlanza i-chimney okungenani kanye ngonyaka. Uma indlu izungezwe izihlahla ezinkulu, kuyinto efiselekayo ukususa amahlamvu e-chutes ye-drainage kanye nemidlalo - ngaphandle kwalokho, amathreyi azokhungatheka ngamanzi. Ekugcineni, kwesinye isikhathi kunesidingo sokulungiswa okuncane kophahla noma ukwelashwa kwaso nge-antifungal ejenti.
Maye, ukukhuphuka ophahleni, amabutho avame ukusebenzisa izitebhisi ezikhululekile, amakhebuli, kubakaki kanye neminye imishini yokukhuphuka "ebekiwe". Ngasikhathi sinye, baya engcupheni enobuntu futhi bengezele ukulimaza ukuhlanganiswa kophahla, okulonakaliswe kalula ngaphansi kwethonya lemithwalo yendawo (Ake sithi, ukuncipha kochwepheshe, kuncike nje kuye ngedolo lakhe ). Kepha akunzima kangako ukusungula izinhlaka ezizokwenza ukunyakaza ophahleni zintofontofo impela, ikakhulukazi njengoba intengo yenkinga incane - akukho ngaphezulu kwama-20% wezindleko zemisebenzi esemqoka yophahla nezindleko.
Photo: Borge. Izici eziphambili zohlelo lokuphepha lokuphahlazeka zenziwa ngensimbi ye-galvanized kanye ne-stain kupende wesimo sezulu esiphakeme semibala emithathu noma emine.
Photo: Fakro. Ngesikhathi sokwakha izindlu zesitayela se-Alpine, kusetshenziswa izitolo zeqhwa zendabuko - iBrica, iqiniswa ngezingwegwe ezikhethekile
I-Foofing Hatch inikeza ukuphuma ophahleni kusuka e-attic. Emakethe yaseRussia, uVilpe wethulwa ikakhulukazi ngeVilpe, eyenziwe ngeplastiki yepulasitiki edwetshwe ku-Mass - Polypropylene (Imibala ejwayelekile eyisithupha iyatholakala). Ukuqina kwe-hand ad adwoini ehlanganisa izakhiwo zophahla lwethwali kuqinisekiswa yiholo eline-flange ebanzi nge-gasket yerabha (kwesinye isikhathi kudingeka uphawu olwengeziwe uphawu lwe-mastic). Ukuqondiswa kokuvula isembozo nohlobo lomholo (kuya ngophahla) kuyakhethwa lapho ku-oda. Izindleko ze-hatch - kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-12.
Photo: Fakro. I-atch yezobuchwepheshe noma yokufuduka ifakwe kangcono nge-pneumolift esiza ukuvulwa kwesivalo nokuyikhiya endaweni evulekile.
Iwindi le-hatch lisebenza ukungena ophahleni lwendawo ye-attic noma ye-attic. Kanye newindi elijwayelekile le-attic, iwindi elinamanzi anjalo lifakwe iwindi eliphephile elithi "elifudumele" elicwengekile (elineglasi elifudumele) futhi lifakwe iholo le-aluminium (ozimele zivame ukwenziwa ngokhuni). Kodwa-ke, i-hash ka-hatch's sash ecashile ohlangothini, izihibe ezingenhla noma eziphansi (iwindi elijika elizungeze i-maphakathi), futhi iphrofayili ephansi yebhokisi iyaqiniswa futhi ifakwe pad anti-slip ukuze isetshenziswe njenge Isinyathelo. I-WGI (fakro) luke usayizi wewindows 460 ×
× 750 mm - kusuka kuma-ruble angama-9800; Izinhlobo ze-velux ne-roto zibiza kakhulu.
ULuka udinga ukuba asondele ngangokunokwenzeka esikebheni naseChimney, futhi ngokuqondile eduze kwesihloko sepayipi kunengqondo ukufaka ipulatifomu enezitimela ezikhanyayo
I-Facade Staircase ingenye indlela yokuqapha. Lolukwakhiwa kwensimbi oluthembekile lumile ngosizo lwamabakaki akhethekile kuya kuma-monolithic noma ezindongeni ze-mononry noma izingxenye zamandla zohlaka (ezindlini zephaneli) esakhiweni sokwakha. Ngokuphakama kwalesi sakhiwo, ngaphezu kwe-6 m kungadinga isikrini sokuvikela i-cylindrical kusuka kumaphrofayili ensimbi azungeze izitebhisi futhi anikeze umshuwalense owengeziwe. I-Poofing Staircase isiza ukuhambisa esikebheni kusuka ku-cornice kuya e-skate.
Photo: Vladimir Grigoriev / Burdamedia. Izithiyo ezivuthiwe akuvamile ukuba zibangele ukubonakala ophahleni lweqhwa: amapayipi asike ungqimba oluneqhwa, futhi aphuma ezingcebeni ezincane. Lo mklamo, ngokungafani ekhoneni, ulungele uphahla nanoma yikuphi ukunamathela.
Photo: Borge. Izitebhisi ezifakwe eduze kwewindi zingasebenza ngokufuduka okuphuthumayo
Ezinhlelweni zeBorge nasePoofsystestem, igcotshwe kalula nge-facade ngokusebenzisa izinto ezibunjiwe. Izitebhisi (i-facade kanye nophahla) ziqoqwa ezingxenyeni zobude obuhleliwe, kepha zingasikwa futhi zihlukaniswe ngomunye nomunye ukuze zifinyelele ubude obufunayo bokwakhiwa. Ububanzi obusebenzayo bezitebhisi bungama-400 mm. Ukuze wandise ukuphepha, amapulatifomu alwa nama-splip ahleliwe.
Ama-snowsts akufanele afakwe ngqo ngaphansi kwamafasitela e-attic, ngaphandle kwalokho okwedlule ubusika bonke kuzoba ngaphansi kweqhwa
Iningi lisebenzela ukunyakaza okufana ne-skate kanye nama-cornices. Le nto i-lattice ephakeme (ukuze ingabambezeli indawo yesikhulumi). I-Mostki inezindiza kanye nezimbambo eziguqukayo zokuqina, ngasikhathi sinye ukwenza umsebenzi wegobolondo le-anti-slip. Ukuyifaka eSkiate ngokuvundlile, sebenzisa amabakaki aguqukayo, futhi okunamathiselwe okubunjiwe okungu-L kunikeza ukuxhumana okuthembekile ngesitebhisi sophahla.
Photo: UDkt. Schiefer. Imibala yensimbi yensimbi iyakhethwa ukuze ingabonakali ophahleni
Ukubiyela kophahla kwesinye isikhathi kufakwa emaphethelweni endawo kanye nama-eaves. Ngamafuphi, kungukugcina okuhlala isikhathi eside nama-racks kanye nezandla. Uma kuhlonyisa uthango olunjalo ngamapayipi okuqanda, ahlelwe ebanga elifushane ukusuka ophahleni, azosebenza njengezitolo zeqhwa.
Ujantshi Wezokuphepha (Kufakwe eduze kwe-skate parallel to the watter) kusebenza ukunyakaza kwekhebula lokuphepha, okusiza ukuthola, ngokwesibonelo, kuma-angular waternentels. Ujantshi akulula njenge-railing kanye ne-mobble, kepha kepha kuthinta kancane ukubukeka kwesakhiwo. Isixazululo se-ZTO silungele ophahleni olumnene ngenhlanganisela engeyona eye-slip.
Izici eziphambili zohlelo lokuphahla lwenziwe ngensimbi eyenziwe nge-galvanized futhi zimbozwe ngopende we-weterrowproof powder. Abakhiqizi banikela ngemibala ejwayelekile ehlanganiswe kahle nophahla nezinto zophahla ezithandwa kakhulu; Uku-oda imininingwane ngepende kunoma iyiphi imibala yephaletini.
Isithombe: URuukki. Uma izitebhisi zifakwe ku-facade "wangemuva", khona-ke amashubhu entuthu agcwele
Ukufinyelela kuyenqatshwa!
Ngabe amatende kanye nokuphahla izitebhisi akhulisa ukuheha kweNdlu Kwabaduni? Akudingekile. Kubalulekile ukuthi izakhi zohlelo lokuphepha zingabi yi-Springboard yokungena ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo, okungukuthi, azange zivume ukufika emafasiteleni nasemakhaleni. Lapho kukhona amawindi we-atticric kanye namalambu alwa nendiza kusuka ku-facade Staircase, kungcono ukunikela nge-hatch. Uma kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuphuma kophahla, kunengqondo uku-oda i-hatch yensimbi engenasici noma i-aluminium. Yebo, ungakhohlwa ngezindlela ezinokwethenjelwa kakhulu zokuvikelwa kokufinyelela kwangaphandle - I-Alarm, ukubhekwa kwevidiyo nokukhiqizwa kwendlu ukuze ivikeleke.
Photo: Borge. I-docking ye-facade Staircase ngephahla izonikeza ukufinyelela ku-chimney. Ukuhlanza i-chimney kuzokwenza kube lula kwisambulela esikhiphekayo
Kusho kusuka ku-avalanche
Kusukela ophahleni olubekwe, ikakhulukazi insimbi, iqhwa livame ukuvela ngokwakhiwa okukhulu okukwazi ukulimala, kulimaze uhlelo lokukhipha, uthango lokuhlobisa, ama-pergolas, ama-canopies kanye namanye amagceke. Ngokubalulekile (ngaphezu kwe-45 °), amathole eqhwa angenzeka, ngisho nama-coatings anokulungiswa ngesisekelo se-bitumen. Ukuvimbela ukubuthwa kwe-avalanche, kuyadingeka ukuhlomisa ophahleni lwama-snow-footer, ahlukaniswe izinhlobo ezine.
I-Corner Linear yimikhakha ephansi eyisikhulu, egobile kwinsimbi yeshidi futhi iphiniswe eduze kwama-eaves ngokufana. Zisebenza ngempumelelo kuphela emnene (i-angle yokuthambekela kuze kube ngu-30 °) futhi incane ubude (ayikho ngaphezu kwama-5 m) izinduku. Imikhiqizo enjalo ayihlobisi ophahleni futhi ifake isandla ekuqongeleleni kweqhwa kuyo.
Photo: Vilpe.
Iphoyinti legumbi (okuthiwa uBoheleli), ngokungafani nomugqa, ungakhi izithiyo ezinwetshiwe, futhi amazinyo aphathwe ungqimba lweqhwa futhi awakuvumeli ukuthi anciphe phansi. Kuliqiniso, kufanele zifakwe emigqeni eminingana, hhayi eduze kwama-eaves, kodwa futhi naphakathi kweziketi noma ngandlela thile. Isikimu sokunamathiselwa kwePhoyinti-Saw Bamba kufanelekile kahle ophahleni lwethayela eliguquguqukayo.
Ama-lattice snowstores yimivimbo yensimbi eqinile yensimbi noma insimbi eshiywe eshidi, ebekwe kusetshenziswa kubakaki abakhethekile. Babhekana nomsebenzi wabo, kodwa ngokuwa kakhulu eqhweni leqhwa elinamaqhwa angenye futhi amatafula anikela ekwakhekeni kophahla lwe-icing snowdrift.
Photo: Fakro.
Izithiyo ze-tubular namuhla zibonwa njengokwakheka okuhle kweSymboratener. Zibasungule ku-uchungechunge olulodwa noma ezimbili eziqhubekayo noma izingcezwana nge-oda lokuhlola; Ibanga phakathi kwamabakaki akufanele lidlule ku-1100 mm, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwamapayipi azungeze imiphetho kungama-300 mm.
Photo: Borge. Izitebhisi ezi-anti-slip (a) zilula ngokwengeziwe
Photo: "Uphahla olubomvu". Kukhona izesekeli zeqhwa zeqhwa zamathayili obumba athengiswayo.
Photo: "Stroy-Roofing". Imiphongolo ye-lattice idinga ukunamathiselwa okuhlala isikhathi eside
Ugesi kwizikhamo
Indlela yesimanje yokulwa i-Icicles - ukufakwa kohlelo lokulwa nokushintsha olususelwa kwizintambo zokushisa.
Kungcono ukunikeza ukukhetha emikhiqizweni ethembekile kunazo zonke - ukuzilawula kanye ne-Fluoroplastic ukwehlukaniswa. Izintambo ezijwayelekile zokumelana zivame ukwehluleka ngenxa yokushisa ngokweqile, ngokwesibonelo, uma zimbozwe ngongqimba lokungcola noma amahlamvu.
Uhlelo olungelona olwalungelona olwengewona ophahleni lwe-cottage encane (150-200 m2 m2) yesizini yokushisa isebenzisa i-400-800 kw • h
Impumelelo eqinisekisiwe, kuyadingeka ukushisa izingxenye eziphansi ze-skate (ububanzi bama-30-50 cm), kanye nemisele yokudonsa, ama-funnels namapayipi. Amakhabetheke ngokuqondile (kubaduni) kanye nenyoka (emaphethelweni ophahleni), ukulungisa iribhoni ekhuphukayo, iziqeshana noma amabakaki. Kuyadingeka ukuthi i-1 m2 yendawo evuthayo yophahla ibalwa ngo-200-250 W ikhiphe amandla afudumele, futhi imitha ngayinye yesimo se-horod noma amapayipi - 30-50 W. Lokhu kwanele ukuqinisekisa ukuncibilika kweqhwa neqhwa ekushiseni komoya ngaku-0 ° C.
Ukuze iqhwa eliseduze lingaklibhubhisa futhi lilimaze izintambo zokushisa, zihlanganiswa neqhwa
Ukulawulwa okulula kakhulu kophahla kuqukethe inzwa yokushisa komoya kanye noMlawuli We-elekthronikhi okuvumela ukuthi uguqule uhlelo ukuze lusebenze, ngokwesibonelo, emaphethelweni asuka ku-5 kuye ku- +3 ° C. Ikhithi elifanayo alibizi (lisuka kuma-ruble angu-1500), kepha uhlelo lusekude kakhulu, ngoba ukufudumeza kungafakwa futhi kungekho zimo zangempela zokwakhiwa kwama-icocles, futhi lokhu kuholela ezindlekweni zamandla ngokweqile. Isiteshi sezulu esinezinzwa ezikude zizosindisa. Iyunithi yayo yokulawula ifakiwe endlini, inzwa yokushisa yomoya ingaphandle odongeni, endaweni evikelwe yilanga; Ukuba khona kwamanzi ancibilikayo - endaweni yokushisa e-Drainfast, kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu ophahleni. Intengo yesethi yamadivayisi - kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-14.
Photo: "CST". Ezinhlelweni zikagesi ophahleni, izintambo zisetshenziswa ngamandla aqondile aqondile ka-17-30 w / k. m inzolate, amelane nemisebe ye-UV. Izindlela zokufakwa kwazo ku-Metal Tile nophahla oluthambile (cishe okufanayo
Photo: "CST". Izakhi zohlelo lokulwa ne-icing: inzwa yamanzi
Photo: "CST". Shintsha nge-Regulator edluliselwe
Photo: "CST". Shintsha
Izici zokuqhathanisa zezintambo zokushisa
| Uhlobo lwekhebula | Izici | Izindawo ezinconyiwe | Intengo, hlikihla. / POG. M. |
|---|---|---|---|
Isimo esisodwa | Dinga izintambo zamandla okuxhuma kuzo zombili iziphetho, azibekezeleli ngokweqile, kwakha imisebe ye-electromagnetic ebanzi | Onqenqemeni lophahla (30-60 cm), gutter drainage | 140. |
Intshiseko emibili | Ixhumeka kusuka emaphethelweni munye, ayikubekezeleli ngokweqile, kungenzeka ukucindezelwa ukuhlanganiswa ezindaweni zezindawo zokushisa nokudla | Amapayipi amanzi | 160. |
I-Single-Core ku-Fluoroplastic Solation | Awesabi ukugcwala ngokweqile, okuthembekile ngokwengeziwe (akukho ukuhlanganisa okuxhumayo), kwakha imisebe ye-electromagnetic enamandla | Konke okungenhla nokudonsa | 240. |
Ukuzilawula | Kushintsha ukushiyeka kokushisa kuya ngokushisa kwe-matrix; Ungalokothi udle futhi angashisi | Konke okungenhla kanye ne-send of Endends | 600. |
Isihlangu kusuka kumbani
Ukuvikela isakhiwo kusuka kumbayini kugadla ophahleni, umqhubi we-Lightning uyasebenza. Kunezinketho eziningi zokubulawa kwayo. Ukwenza isibonelo, odongeni lwendlu, ngosizo lwamabakaki anama-plated njengamanje, i-welded mast kusuka endaweni ye-spire esongelwe nge-spire cross-sigaba (kufanele ikhuphuke ngenhla kophahla okungenani ama-2 mm2. Le zipper ixhumeke ngentambo yekhebula elilodwa (isigaba se-conduction-kusuka ku-8 mm2) kuya emhlabathini i-contour, uhlobo olukhethwe lususelwa kwizakhiwo zenhlabathi. Uphahla lwensimbi kwesinye isikhathi luyasehlukana ngokwehlukana, kudlula ngaphansi kwalo i-Ice-Cold yensimbi ebandayo noma ye-aluminium ngendlela yokuthi kuqinisekiswe ukuthintana namashidi okuhlanganisa nokukhokhiswa emhlabathini.
Imithetho emi-3 yokubeka izinto ezivuthayo
- Akuvunyelwe ukuqinisa imininingwane ku-facade ebheke, ukuphahla, i-plywood, i-osp kanye nezinye izinto ezishidi ezinobukhulu obungaphansi kuka-16 mm.
- Ngaphansi kwamabakaki ophahleni kuyadingeka ukufaka ama-gaskets (ngokwesibonelo, kusuka kurabha le-ethylene-propylene). I-Seating Mastic ithembekile kakhulu.
- Lapho kufaneleka ngosayizi, izingxenye kufanele zisikwe nge-hacksaw, hhayi i-grinder ukusindisa ukuvikelwa nokuhlobisa.
Ukufakwa kweqhwa okufihla ophahleni ngenhlanganisela ehlukile
Photo: Borge.
Uma uphahla lumbozwe ngamashidi ensimbi afakwe (a), i-bitumen (b) gamp (b) noma ama-metal tile (b), amabakaki aya emabhodini noma emaphethelweni empande ngokusebenzisa impahla yophahla, ukubopha izimbobo ngerabha imibhede. Endabeni yamathayili obumba noma kasimende, izingxenye ezithwala zifakiwe ngaphambi kokubeka umugqa (g). Ophahleni olugoqiwe, ama-snowstores ahlelwe ngama-bolts ngokusebenzisa izingidi zamashidi (e).