Izakhamizi eziningi ezikanye nathi ziyajwayela ukukhathazeka okuwohlokayo ngokuphepha kwefulethi noma ikotishi, ikakhulukazi uma kufanele ushiye indawo yokuhlala isikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, akumangazi ukuthi izinhlelo zokubhekwa kwevidiyo ezizimele namuhla zijabulela ngokufunwa okuphezulu.
Photo: Edckamuel / Fotolia.com
I-elekthronikhi yanamuhla ikhula ngokushesha, ngenxa yalokho inani lezakhi ze-CCTV ("uhlelo lwethelevishini lwe-contour evaliwe") luhlala lincipha. Futhi ngokusabalala kwamanethiwekhi wedatha ephezulu, inhlangano yokuxhumana phakathi kohlelo lokubhekwa kwevidiyo nomnikazi walo lenziwe lula kakhulu. Manje wonke umuntu angabheka isikhathi sangempela ngesikhathi sangempela sekhaya lakhe, ikotishi noma igalaji ngqo kusuka kuthebulethi noma esikrinini se-smartphone.
Uhlobo olulula kakhulu lwe-Video Surveillance System iyikhamera yewebhu exhunywe kusetshenziswa i-Wire (USB) noma i-wireless (Wi-Fi) ukuxhumeka kwinethiwekhi yekhompyutha yasekhaya. Uma kungekho nenethiwekhi eqediwe, khona-ke ikhamera izodingeka kumodeli ye-Intanethi - khona-ke ungabuka into oyithandayo kwi-PC noma i-smartphone. Ngeke sisebenzise i-webcam, ake sithi, ngonogada ogcwele wamakamelo, kodwa, kuzohambisana nesixazululo semisebenzi elula. Isibonelo, ingafakwa esitebhisini ukuze ilungise izenzo zokonakaliswa, noma emgwaqweni - ukuqapha imoto.
Uhlelo lokubhekwa kwevidiyo oluhlanganisiwe lufaka amakhamera ambalwa nebhulokhi le-DVR. Isethi yemishini yasekhaya elungile ingathengwa ngama-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi nanhlanu.
Imishini yokubhekwa kwevidiyo
Photo: TP-Link.
Ukukhetha imishini yokubhekwa kwevidiyo, ungathenga uhlelo olwenziwe ngomumo "ebhodleleni elilodwa". Izinzuzo zesixazululo esinjalo zisobala - ngokushesha, zilula, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, zonke izinto zinhle komunye nomunye. Ngeshwa, ukusebenza kohlelo lwasekhaya kulinganiselwe kakhulu. Isibonelo, kufaka inani elincane lamakhamera (njengomthetho, munye noma amabili noma amane). Kungenzeka futhi kube nevolumu ye-disc enganele ku-rekhoda, ekhungathekiswa amarekhodi njalo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa (idivaysi ayikwazi ukushiywa inganakekelwa, ngokulandelana, ngeke ukwazi ukuhamba isikhathi eside, athi ukuhamba eholidini). Enye inkemba - ikhamera ivikelwe buthakathaka ngokuvikelwa kumswakama nothuli, ngakho-ke ayilungele ukufakwa emgwaqweni. Uma kungekho khithi eyenziwe ngomumo enezakhiwo ezidingekayo ezithengiswayo, kuzofanele uthenge izakhi ezahlukahlukene futhi wakhe uhlelo ngezimfanelo zabathengi ezidingekayo zazo. Kulokhu, ulwazi lobuchwepheshe luzodingeka, ngakho-ke ukukhethwa kwemishini kufanele kukhokhiswe nguchwepheshe.
Photo: Philips.
Njengokuzijwayeza kwamanye amazwe, ngisho ne-mula camcorder emakamelweni asemadolobheni ayizinkinga ayakwazi ngokuya ngo-20-30% ukunciphisa ingozi yokwebiwa kanye namanye amacala
Yisiphi umgomo okufanele ukhethe izingxenye zohlelo lokubhekwa kwevidiyo esizayo? Okokuqala, amakhamera kufanele abekwe ngendlela yokuthi zonke zisondela entweni evikelekile zingaphansi kokubhekwa ("kuvinjelwe"). Ukuthola kuqala inombolo nohlobo lwamakhamera, futhi uthole nokuthi hlobo luni lwe-Optics okufanele luhlomele, oluthambekele ohlelweni lwefulethi, isakhiwo noma indlu yezwe. Ake sithi, ukuze izinto ezikude (ikhamera ekhishini lilandelela indlela eya esangweni noma esangweni) lizothatha ilensi ebheke kude. Ngombono wephaneli wezinto ezihlelwe eduze (ngokwesibonelo, ikhamera egumbini lilawula iwindi nomnyango) udinga ilensi yokugxila e-vene-angle-angle. Ngokufana, bathola isidingo sokukhanyisa, ukuvikelwa kothuli kanye nomswakama, kanye nokuvikelwa ekukhanyiseni uhlangothi (uma ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kuzokwehlela ama-lens, uzodinga ukuxutshwa kwelanga). Ekugcineni, kufanele ucabange ngokuphepha kwekhamera uqobo. Idivayisi kufanele ibekwe ukuze abahlaseli bangayiboni futhi abalimalanga. Ikhamera kumele ifakwe ifihliwe, ngaphandle kwendawo yokutholakala (imvamisa ephezulu ngaphezulu komhlaba), njenge-resort yokugcina - ekwakhiweni kwe-anti-vandal (ngokufanele, kuyinto efiselekayo ukuhambisana nazo zombili izidingo). Ukukhetha kokugcina kwendawo yokufaka imishini kungenziwa kuphela entweni.
Photo: TP-Link. I-Wireless Cloud IP Camera NC200 (TP-LINK), isilinganiso sokudlulisa idatha sifinyelela kuma-300 mbps, esifundeni
Izinhlelo zokubhekwa kwevidiyo zikhombise ukusebenza kwazo okuphezulu hhayi impela engxenyeni ejwayelekile yezimpahla zezingane. Amavidiyo angules Philips we-Aunt, Motorola, Switel nabanye abakhiqizi bakuvumela ukuba ubheke ngempumelelo izingane. Uma ingane ivuka iyokhala, ikhadi levidiyo lizonikeza isinali bese livula i-Monitor yokususa. Ngakho-ke, abantu abadala bazokwazi ukuza enganeni.
Photo: Impresja26 / fotolia.com; QNAP. Uhlelo lokusebenza leselula lizoguqula i-smartphone ibe yidivayisi yokuqapha
Iningi lezinhlelo ziyakwazi ukudlulisela isibonakaliso ekude kuze kube yi-100-150 m, enikeza abazali ithuba lokuthula izindaba zazo buthule kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yendlu noma engadini. Kumamodeli ambalwa, ungasebenzisa i-smartphone noma ithebhulethi njenge-Monitor - Kulula kakhulu, ngoba umzali ngeke adinge ukuthwala amadivayisi athile nawe.
Ikhamera yejubane eliphezulu ejikelezayo ingalawula ingxenye enkulu yesikwele
Izindlela zokukhetha ikhamera yokubhekisisa
Photo: Tordrtrx / Fotoloa.com
Yini oyinaka lapho ukhetha ikhamera? Isimo esikhulu, kunjalo, siyikhwalithi yokuqoshwa: isithombe kufanele sicace kunoma yisiphi isimo sezulu kanye nezinga lokukhanyisa. Okokuqala, sikhuluma ngemodi yasebusuku. Uma kwenzeka kukhanyelisa okunganele, amakhamera ane-matrix yokukhanya okukhanyayo (mayelana nesabelo sesabelo senkulungwane) noma ukukhanyisa okungafakwanga (okwakhelwe ngaphakathi noma okufakiwe ngokwehlukana). Zombili lezi zinketho zinezinzuzo nezinzuzo zayo.
Ikhamera ye-IP ekotishini ingabheka ukude nokusebenza kwemishini
Ngakho-ke, ikhamera ene-matrix ebucayi kakhulu isebenza kahle lapho izinga lokukhanyisela lingenhla kwenani elincane, ngokwesibonelo, kusihlwa noma ebusuku emgwaqweni wasedolobheni ngokukhanyisa okuhle okufakelwa. Kepha ngeke kube okungenamsebenzi ngobumnyama obugcwele noma obucishe buphelele. Izinga lokudutshulwa kwekhamera yokukhanyisa lincike kakhulu endaweni yento (ukusebenza kahle kwe-backlight eyakhelwe ngaphakathi kwamamodeli angabizi kakhulu akukuvumela ukuthi wenze ukudubula okuphezulu ebangeni elingaphezulu kwe-8-10 m). Uma into ikude kakhulu, khona-ke kuzoba mnyama kakhulu, uma kusondele, kunalokho, "kukhanyisiwe". Kunoma ikuphi, kungcono ukubonakala kokuhlola ikhwalithi yesithombe esitholwe ngesikhathi sokudutshulwa kobusuku. Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho unganquma izici zokuzala kabusha imibala noma izinga lomsindo we-parasitic.
I-IR Backlight eyakhelwe ngaphakathi izovumela ikhamera ukuthi ilungise izehlakalo ngisho nasebumnyameni obuphelele.
Ikhwalithi yesithombe nayo incike ekuxazululekeni kwe-matrix, okukalwa ngenani lamaphoyinti akha ifreyimu ngokuqondile nangom mpo (noma akhombise imigqa evundlile, okubizwa ngokuthi yithelevishini, noma i-TVL). Isibonelo, kwikhamera ngamaphikseli angama-720 × 576, isixazululo sicishe sibe khona kabili njengemodeli ngamaphikseli angama-560 × 420. Lapho kuphakamisa imininingwane, kube ngcono, nokho, kuleli cala, izindleko zeChamber zikhuphuka kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, idivaysi enesinqumo se-380-400 tvl ingathengwa ama-ruble angama-600-1000, kanye nemodeli nge-matrix 720 × 576 pixels izobiza ubuncane bama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-3-4. Vele, ikhwalithi ye-matrix iyabhekwa - yithi, imikhiqizo yabakhiqizi abavelayo (Sony, LG, Samsung, Panasonic, njll) izobiza okuningi.
Ukusakaza kuya kurekhodi
Photo: LG. IP Recorder LG LRD5160N, Izikhala ezine ze-HDD, iziteshi eziyi-16, ukuphuma kwe-VGA / HDMI, eyakhelwe-in DVD-RW
Isiginali yevidiyo kusuka kwikhamera ingena kwikhompyutha lapho icutshungulwa futhi igcinwe khona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungasebenzisa njengekhompyutha yomuntu siqu evamile (ikakhulukazi uma uhlelo luncane, kusuka kumakhamera athile kuya amane) namadivayisi akhethekile - ama-DVR (angadideki ngezimoto). I-Design DVRS iyafana nokushayela kwenethiwekhi (bheka isihloko esithi "Ukulondolozwa kwe-Disk", Cha. 6/2015), ngakho-ke akumangazi ukuthi la madivaysi avame ukukhiqiza izinkampani ezifanayo. Isibonelo, kwi-assortment ye-QNAP, kanye nochungechunge lwezimoto zenethiwekhi, kumelwe umugqa we-DVRs. Lokhu kwenzelwe ukusetshenziswa kwezobuchwepheshe. Ngemishini yalolu hlobo, njengomthetho, akukho okukhethwa kukho okuhlinzekwayo (okujwayelekile kokushayela), imisebenzi yokubhekwa kwevidiyo kanye nohlu lwama-IP ahambisana nokufaka amadiski anzima (ngokuvamile at okungenani eziyisithupha). Iqiniso ngukuthi ividiyo ecindezelwe kakhulu ithatha isikhala esiningi kwi-disk, kanye nokusebenza okusebenzayo, uhlelo lokubhekwa kwevidiyo kufanele lugcine amarekhodi isikhathi eside ngokwanele. Isibonelo, kumanethiwekhi wokubhekwa kwevidiyo ochwepheshe, impilo yeshalofu isesimweni esiphakathi kwamaviki angu-1-2 kuya ngenyanga. Uma i-akhawunti yamakhamera axhunyiwe iya kuye lapho ivolumu yesitoreji yaso esiqoshwayo sevidiyo kungenzeka ingabi ngokwanele futhi kufanele ikuqede ngedivayisi eyengeziwe yokugcina idatha (neyodwa).
Ngekhamera ye-IP ne-smartphone noma i-tablet computer ungalawula isimo ekhaya nganoma yisiphi isikhathi esifanele
I-DVR ayikwazi ukurekhoda ividiyo kuphela kumakhamera, kodwa futhi nokukhiqiza ukucubungula okuhlakaniphile kwesiginali. Ikhompyutha iyabona ukubukeka kwezinto ezihambayo futhi ingahlelelwa ezenzweni ezifanele. Isibonelo, khipha isithombe esisolisayo esikrinini esigcwele, ukufaka i-alamu, thumela umlayezo we-SMS noma i-MMS kwinombolo ekhethiwe, njll. Ngokungafani nekhompyutha ejwayelekile yasendlini, i-DVR ithembekile kakhulu, isebenzisa ugesi omncane futhi iyakwazi Ukusebenza kwesikhashana ngaphandle kokuqalisa kabusha (amasonto ambalwa nezinyanga).
Uhlelo lokusebenza leselula lizoguqula i-smartphone ibe yidivayisi yokuqapha
I-DVR ikhethwa ngokuya ngomsebenzi (inani lamakhamera angaxhunywa kulo, kanye nezindawo zokufaka amadiski anzima). Uma ukhetha irekhodi levidiyo namakhamera wevidiyo, qiniseka ukuthi ukuhambisana kwemishini kuqediwe. Isibonelo, ukushayela kwenethiwekhi ye-DVR kanye ne-QNAP kuqinisekisiwe ukusekela ngaphezu kwamamodeli we-IP wanamuhla we-IP amakhamera we-IP. Kukhona nabanye abakhiqizi abaziwayo kwabanye abakhiqizi abaziwayo, kufanele bazwakale nezincomo zabo.
Lapho ukhetha irekhoda yevidiyo, kufanelekile ukucabanga ngethuba lokukhulisa hhayi kuphela inani leziteshi ezisetshenzisiwe kanye ne-disk Ukuqapha kwendawo, igundane nekhibhodi. Enye indlela esemqoka ukusebenziseka lula kohlelo ekusebenzeni: Ukucushwa okusheshayo okusheshayo nokusebenziseka kalula, isikhombimsebenzisi esisebenziseka kalula somsebenzisi, ukusekelwa kweziphequluli ezithandwayo, isoftware yamakhasimende ngaphansi kwama-Smartphones kanye nama-Smart.
UPavel Zyun.
Imenenja ye-Qnap ezinhlelweni zokubhekwa kwevidiyo.
Photo: LG. Ikhamera yevidiyo ye-LG: IP Camera LNP30xt, Street DOME, High-Speed, Swivel, 2 MP
Photo: LG. Ikhamera ye-IP ye-IP yangaphandle ye-IP ye-IP130W, 1.3 MP
Photo: LG. Dome Full HD 2 Mp Camera LND3220r
Photo: LG. Ikhamera ye-Street Full HD lnu3220r
Photo: LG. Ikhamera ye-Analog Camera (pal) LCU5500R System nge-lens eshintshashintshayo (2.8 ... 11 mm) futhi ikhanyisiwe
Photo: Boris Bezheus / Burda Media. Ikhamera ye-Compact IP Camera CD120 (HAYY)
Photo: Boris Bezheus / Burda Media. Ikhamera ye-IP nge-IR Ukukhanyisa i-CD600 (HAYY)
Photo: Boris Bezheus / Burda Media. I-Wi-Fi Camera DS-2CD2412F-IW (Hikvisision)
Photo: QNAP. Inethiwekhi Raid-Drayivu TS-451 (QNAP): Izindawo ezine ze-HDD, I-HDMI Port
Photo: QNAP. I-IP Video Recorder VS-2104 Pro + (QNAP): I-HDMI Port, izingxenye ezimbili ze-HDD, Ikhadi lomsindo
Isithombe: Sony. Ikhamera yeSony. Amamodeli ahlose ukufakwa endlini: dome 2mp IP Camera Snc-XM631 ngezindlu ezivikelwe
Isithombe: Sony. Dome 5 MP Ikhamera SNC-HM662
Isithombe: Sony. Ikhamera ye-HD ye-HD ye-HOCCH AIRC-CX600W
Isithombe: Sony. Ikhamera ye-Street Dome IP, Model SNC-eb602r, ngesinqumo sika-1920 × 1080