Umnotho Nempilo

ENaberezhnye Chelny, ukwakhiwa kwekhaya elisebenza kahle kwamandla kwaqedwa, okudla amandla ngo-78,5% ngaphansi kwalapho kuyadingeka kumazinga asebenza ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwayo. Yakhelwe impilo ngokuvumelana nemvelo, indlu yathola igama ibhalansi yemvelo

Okwamanje kwakhiwa zombili eRussia naseMhlabeni, izindlu ezisebenza kahle zivame ukuba nezakhiwo zanamuhla futhi ezingejwayelekile futhi zigcwele amathuluzi avumela futhi akhiqize amandla adingekayo ekhaya, futhi akwazi ukukugcina kahle, kanye nokuphatha zonke izinqubo zayo izindlela zokuziphilisa. Kodwa-ke, izindleko zezindlu ezinjalo iningi labathengi baseRussia abasazicabangela ngokwazo.

Yakha indlu "yabantu"

Ochwepheshe be-Rockwool, bahlaziya bobabili ulwazi lwabo olucebile ekwakhiweni kwezindlu ezisebenza kahle kakhulu kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho kwabokwazo ezinye izinkampani, zeza esiphethweni esidumazayo: eRussia, kusezingeni eliphansi kakhulu labathwali bamandla aseduze , akunasidingo esikhulu se-Ultra-sanamuhla, futhi lezo ezingaphezu kwezindlu ezisebenzayo nazo zonke izinsimbi zazo zezakhiwo nezobuchwepheshe, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ngezindleko zazo ezinkulu, ezingafinyelela kuma-ruble afinyelela kwayi-30. Noma encipha ngentengo yazo, izikhathi ezi-2 isithombe cishe ngeke ziguquke kakhulu. Gwema uma izindleko zekhaya elinamandla elinamandla lizoba njenge-Europe neMelika - akukho ngaphezu kwe-30% ephakeme kunenani lendlu ye-e ejwayelekile futhi ngasikhathi sinye ngeke idlule ama-ruble angama-7-8 wezigidi. (okungukuthi, kuzoba cishe ikota yesamba ngaphezulu), khona-ke isidingo sezakhiwo ezinjalo ezivela kubathengi baseRussia bangase bakhulu kakhulu.

okukodwa

1-3. "Ukusekelwa" kwendlu kusebenza isisekelo esinqunyelwe esincane sokuzalanisa i-ribbon monolithic nge-40cm, isisekelo sawo ekujuleni okungaba ngu-70-80cm (1). Ngamathephani ukhonkolo athumele uchungechunge lokuqala olubomvu, olusezingeni eliphansi, elimbozwe ngongqimba lokungena kwamanzi. Igridi yokuqinisa (2) yafakwa kuyo. Ngemuva kwalokho, usebenzisa izitini ezibomvu nezimpunga ezibhekene, wakhe indlu eyisisekelo ngokuphakama kwe-60cm (3). Kusuka phezulu, kwabekwa ungqimba lwesibili lokungena kwamanzi.

okune

isihlanu

4, 5. Izindonga zendlu zibeka amabhlokhi kakhonkolo ahlangene nosayizi we-600x250x400mm, ukuwabopha ngesisombululo sesimende (4). Lapho kusetshenziswa iwindi lokuvulwa kwefasitela nokuvuleka komnyango, kwasetshenziswa ama-jumpers ukhonkolo. Izindonga izindonga zokuqala kwe- "ibhande" lesitini, lapho, lapho zidala ukugqagqana, sekusekelwe emaphethelweni ama-slabs kakhonkolo (5).

Ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kwalolu mbono, i-Rockwool yanquma ukwakha indlu yokuhlala esebenza kahle kakhulu yendawo ephakathi nendawo (indawo ephelele - 186m2), ngakho-ke ukukhuluma, nokujwayelekile kwabaseYurophu kwezwe kanye nakulabo abajwayele kubantu abaningi baseRussia bamabhulokhi kakhonkolo we-amateur. Imishini yezobuchwepheshe yendlu enjalo kufanele ibe nemikhawulo edingekayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe izimo zokuphila ezenele, ukuze kungabingeli ukwanda okukhulu kwenani lawo eliphelele. Ubaba, njengoba kwakhiwa "indlu yokuphila", ebizwa ngokuthi ibhalansi yemvelo, futhi okwakukhona njengomphumela okwazile ukufeza ababhali bomqondo, sizotshela kulesi sihloko. Kuyadingeka futhi ukucacisa ukuthi abahleli babeka imibono nemibono yababhali bale phrojekthi ngendlela ababemelelwa ngayo.

Ukufakelwa okusebenzayo

Kwenzeka ukuthi ukusebenza kahle kwamandla ezweni lethu kwakungeyona into ebaluleke kakhulu, eyayingenxa yezindleko eziphansi zemithombo yamandla. Kepha namhlanje, lapho amanani entengo kagesi nogesi akhuphuke kakhulu, ngeke siqhubeke nokunganaki umkhuba wembulunga yonke ekusindisweni kwamandla. Ukwamukela okulula kakhulu, okuvumela kaninginingi ukunciphisa ukulahleka kokushisa kwesakhiwo, ukufakwa kwezinhlaka zayo ezivalekile usebenzisa ukufakwa okusebenzayo. Enye yalezi zinto zokwenziwa yi-rockwool inflation ye-basalt Group, enelebula le-ecomelelgreen, eliqinisekisa ukuphepha kokusetshenziswa kwalo kubantu nasendaweni yemvelo.

Ukuvikeleka kwe-speple

Ngendlela yesimanjemanje yokulwa kwezihlangu zokushisa, kuhlongozwa ukubheka isakhiwo njengohlelo lwamandla avaliwe futhi kukhawulele ukusetshenziswa kwalo kwamandla, hhayi kuphela ngokunciphisa ukulahleka kwezakhiwo eziboshwe. Ukufeza ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okunikezwe ngaphandle kokuncishiswa okuyingozi ekududuzeni kwe-microclimate, izidingo ezingeziwe nazo ziyalethwa: izinga lokushisa okungenalo nje umoya ngaphakathi kwendlu ebekiwe - ophelele (+19 ... + 20 s) (+ 17c), kodwa futhi nezindawo zangaphakathi zazo zonke izinhlaka zalo ezivalelwe. Ngendlela ehlelekile, okubekwa ikakhulu ekubaleni okushisayo inani lengxenye yamandla afudumele ekufudumaleni, okujwayelekile ekilasini ngalinye lokusebenza kahle kwesakhiwo (ngokuya nge-SNIP 23-02-2003 Kunezinhlanu zazo kuphela futhi bakhonjiswa ngezinhlamvu a, b, c, d, e). Indlela enjalo, ngokusho kochwepheshe, ilungile ngokwengeziwe, njengoba nje iphoqa umqambi ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo zokusetshenziswa kwamandla ukwandisa amandla enhlanganisela yokufaka ethambisayo.

Ukulungiswa kophahla nezitezi

Ngomshini wamanzi afudumele esitezi sesibili sendlu, abakhi babebekwa engxenyeni yefilimu egcwele, amapuleti abomvu amatshe "ama-flor batts" afakwe kuwo ama-25mm aminyene futhi ambozwe ngokukhombisa kwabo ungqimba. Amapayipi okufudumele kwafakwa kugridi futhi agcwala uthayi lukakhonkolo. Uphahla oluthambekile olufakwe ezingxenyeni eziningana zamapuleti ama-batts akhanyayo ngobukhulu obungu-250mm, unokuncipha kokuvutha kokuvutha kokuphikisana ro = 6.1m2C / W. Ungqimba olungaphansi lwamapuleti (50mm) uhlukanisa i-rafyed.

Imibandela yabathuthukisi ibisebenza kunjiniyela ukuze indlu ye-projekror ihambisane nekilasi lokusebenza kahle kwamandla a. Ukufeza lokhu, bakhulisa izixazululo zobuchwepheshe ukwandisa amandla okusindisa ukushisa, phansi nophahla. Ibhalansi yemvelo ifakwe amafasitela wokonga amandla ngephrofayili ye-Chamber enama-76mm nama-Windows akhule kabili nge-coating yangaphakathi egcwele i-inert gas (ukumelana kokushisa R = 0.79 MC / W). Ngaphezu kwalokho, amawindi amaningi athambekele eningizimu, evumela iningi lokusetshenziswa kokukhanyisa kwemvelo futhi athwebule ukushisa okubandakanya nemisebe yelanga. Ukungena kwendlu kufakwe i-vestibule, okubuye kunciphise ukulahleka kokushisa.

isishiyagalombili

6-8. Ngokwenziwa kwemilenze ye-rafting esetshenziswe amabhodi ngesigaba sesiphambano se-200x50 mm. Iziqongo ze-rafter zathululelwa ziboshwe, kwathi lapho amabhangqa ahlangana nogongolo lwesikebhe (6). Imikhawulo engezansi ye-rafter isuselwe ku-mauerlat, enamathiselwe ezindongeni zama-anchors (7). I-Parosolation yabekwa emaphethelweni kanye namapuleti okufakwa kobukhulu obungu-200 mm (8).

isishiyagalolunye

Okuthenyalwayo

ishumi nanye

9. Ukufakwa okwenziwe phakathi kwama-rafter kwambozwa ngolwelwesi olungavunyelwe khona olungavunyelwe khona, okucindezelwa izivivinyo ze-counter ngokumelene namaRafyles.

10, 11. Ukuze uthole ungqimba lokufakelwa okushisayo, kuhamba kusuka odongeni kuya ophahleni ngaphandle kokuphuka, izinqubo zokufakelwa kanti ezinye zenziwa ngasikhathi sinye. Lapho izindonga zifakwa kubo, ngosizo lwezinto zensimbi ezenziwe nge-U-Uhlaka oluvela ebhodini ngesigaba esingu-150x50mm (10) kwafakwa phakathi kwama-racks alo ngobukhulu ka-150mm, ngaphezu kwalokho bazinamathisela ezindongeni zeplate dowel-nail (11).

Inqubo yokungezwa okwengeziwe kwezindonga nezinhlaka zophahla zikhonjiswa ngokuningiliziwe ezithombeni nasezinhlekeleleni, ngakho-ke ngamazwana amakhulu, ngombono wethu, akudingi. I-Avtot Process Floors Floors izobukeka inemininingwane eminingi.

Ukushisa ukuntanta kwemoto

Phansi kwesitezi sokuqala kwadalwa ngemuva kokuthunyelwa phansi kwendlu. Emhlabathini ohlanganisiwe nokuhlanjululwa ngaphakathi kwangaphakathi kwendlu kwahlela ungqimba lwamanzi, owaqala ezindongeni zesisekelo nangaphezulu, wahlukanisa isisekelo sezitini kusuka emugqeni wokuqala wamabhulokhi ahlangene. Ukufakwa kwe-hydraulic kwathululelwa ngongqikithi wobumba obukhulu be-200mm (ngasikhathi sinye izinga layo eliphakeme kufanele lihambisane nezinga eliphezulu lehlu lokuqala le-Conchch). Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Ceramzite yachithwa ubisi lwesimende, khona-ke ukhonkolo okhonkolo onobukhulu obungu-100mm, waqiniswa yigridi yomgwaqo, wagcwala. Yabekwa phezu kwamatshe akhe woboya amatshe "Flor Batts" ubukhulu bama-150mm. Ukusuka phezulu, ungqimba olukhanyayo negridi yensimbi kwakusetshenziswa lapho amapayipi amanzi afudumele anamathele, bese athela enye i-concrete screeded ngobukhulu be-80mm.

Okuqophele imali

ishumi nane

12-14. Ngaphesheya kwe-rafter kugxeke i-crate kusuka ebhodini ngesigaba esingu-100x30mm, futhi ngasikhathi sinye babeka i-crate kusuka emabhadini afanayo emapayipi ezitini, ngaphakathi kwesikebhe sokuphuma komoya omncane (12 ). Ikhreyithi yafakwa ekhaphethini yomhlahlandlela kanye ne-tile yensimbi (13). Ukufakelwa kwambozwa ngolwelwesi olungavunyelwe khona olusezindongeni, kumcindezele ukubambelela ukufakwa kwe-lattice ngokukhohlakala kwe-raiki (14).

ishumi nanhlanu

ishumi nesithupha

15. Phezu kolwelwesi olungenamanzi, i-lattice yafakwa esigabeni sesiphambano se-100x50 mm, lapho kwakhiwa igebe elingena umoya, faka imigoqo ngesigaba se-30x30 mm.

16. Amaphaneli wemvelo e-Rockpanel ayenamathiselwe kwikhreyithi elakhiwe ngombala onsundu onombala onsundu, okufanayo nethoni yabashisi abavela enoboya lwamatshe. Lawa maphaneli ahlukaniswa yiqiniso lokuthi ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile ngemuva kokufakwa, umbala uguquliwe, uthenga i-tint ebomvu.

Imishini yobunjiniyela

Uhlelo lokufudumeza nolushisayo luhlinzekwa ngezindleko zepompo yokushisa inhlabathi, imithombo eyishumi yahlanganiswa esizeni esiseduze kwendlu, ngakunye ukujula kwemithombo engama-35M (ekuqaleni kwahlela imithombo emine kuya ku-70m. Lapho kudlula imitha engu-35 kudlula ku-basalt reservoir, ngenxa yalokho, kwakudingeka ukunciphisa ukujula kwemithombo kabili futhi kwandise izinombolo zazo ezingama-2,5). Amapayipi e-PND axhuma iphampu endlini ngemithombo ebekwe ekujuleni okungaphezulu kuka-1.5 m, okuphansi kuneleveli yomhlaba eqhwa. Le nto akuyona imibhikisho yendabuko, ukufudumeza kuqinisekiswa ngenxa yokushisa kwamanzi (uhlelo lokushisa lokushisa oluphansi). I-AVOT evela kudivayisi yohlelo lokunikezela oluphakathi lokuhlinzekwa kanye nomoya omncane ophoqelelayo ngokutholwa kokushisa kwanqunywa ukwenqaba - uhlelo lokungena komoya lusebenza endlini lapho i-air entsha ingena emakamelweni okuhlala ngamawindi avulekile noma amafasitela avulekile etholakala ekhishini nasezindlini zokugeza. Ababhali bomqondo "Indlu Yempilo" banquma ukwenza lokhu ngesisekelo semiphumela yokubalwa kwezomnotho okwenziwe yibo, okubonakalise ngokuqiniseka ukuthi imishini etholwayo yenhlangano yokuphoqelelwa kanye nomoya omncane Kuyabiza kakhulu futhi izindleko zokutholwa kwazo, ukufakwa kanye nokukhokhela imali ngenxa yokushisa okugciniwe. Amabutho wendlu, uma kunjalo, azofuna, ngokuzayo, angakwazi ngokuzimela ngefasitela ledivayisi yokuhlela ukugeleza komoya okuhlala njalo, futhi iziteshi zokungena ngaphakathi zingafakwa ekhishini njalo Abalandeli bomoya okuqondiwe njalo. Kuzokwenzeka ukuthi uhambe futhi kungenjalo ukushumeka ezindongeni zezakhiwo zokuhlala zamadivayisi wokungena komoya okhethekile wendlu efakwe nge-Heat Receperator.

Ukufudumala kwezindonga zangaphandle

Izindonga zangaphandle zendlu zinokuphinda kokushisa okuncishisiwe ukumelana r = 5.2 M2 C / W. Zenziwe ngamabhlokhi kakhonkolo ahlaselwe ngobukhulu bama-400 mm futhi afakwe ngaphandle kwamapuleti e- "vobatts d" ngobukhulu obungu-150 mm. Ukusuka ekuchazelweni komthelela, ukufakwa, ukufakwa kuvikelwe ngolwelwesi olungavunyelwe khona lwe-vapor kanye ne-facade evundile enomoya, odalwe ngokusetshenziswa kwamaphaneli wokuhlobisa asekelwe kubuya lwamatshe - rockpanel.

Lokho ekugcineni

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezixazululo ezisebenza ngamandla ekwakhiweni kwebhalansi yemvelo kuholele ekukhuphukeni kwezindleko zokwakhiwa kwalo uma kuqhathaniswa nesakhiwo esijwayelekile ngo-22.2% (okuhambisana nayo ngokuphelele ne umehluko ezindlekweni zezindlu ezisebenza kahle nezijwayelekile eNtshonalanga). Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi uma indlu, ifakwe ngokuhambisana namazinga wamanje futhi ishiswe ngo-175 kWh ukuya ku-1m-1m ku-1m kudingeka ukuthi kwakhiwe ekhaya elisebenza kahle Okokubala. Umphumela wokonga waminyaka yonke ngenxa yokuncipha kuphela ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kokushisa kuzoba ama-ruble angama-22,125. Ngonyaka, okuzovumela cishe iminyaka eyi-12 ukucacisa izindleko ezandisiwe zokwakha ikhaya elisebenza kahle.

17.

ishumi nesishayagalombili

ishumi nesishiyagalolunye

17-19. Zonke izakhiwo zokuhlala zendlu zifudunyezwa ngosizo lwamanzi afudumele amanzi, amapayipi e-polymer anamathele kugridi ebekwe ngaphezulu kwesendlalelo esibonakalayo esimboza i-insulation slab (17). Onke la mapayipi ahlangana kwi-comb, etholakala "egumbini lokugoba" eduze kwephampu efakiwe (18). Kukhona enye i-com, lapho amapayipi e-PND aphenywa yi-Ground (19) ancishisiwe.

Endabeni yonke, kusele ukungeza ukuthi ibhalansi yemvelo yasekhaya eyakhelwe ngaphakathi yathola umndeni ojwayelekile, okuyinto, njengoba isike ngakolunye uhlangothi nangokuphikisana nalokhu, okuqukethwe yimi kungashintsha ikhaya lami elibizayo Kwisabelomali somndeni, okuqinisekisa ukuthi ukwakhiwa kuzuzisa ngokomnotho, kuyatholakala futhi kungafunwa.

"Rockpanels" ne-Design

I-RockPanel iyi-eco-friendly stoves kusuka ku-basalt esekelwe, esetshenziselwa ukuqeda ama-facade afakwe umoya kanye nomoya. Banokuqina kwendawo, okunamandla ngokwanele, kulula ukucubungula futhi kubhekane kalula noma yimiphi imiphumela yemvelo, ngoba akuvumi hhayi kuphela kumswakama, kodwa futhi nokushintshashintshashintshashintsha. Lo mkhiqizo awugcini nje ngohlobo lwe-eco-friendly (uboya lwamatshe olumbozwe ngopende osuselwa emanzini, futhi inqubo yawo yokukhiqiza iqinisekisiwe ngokuya nge-ISO 14001), kodwa futhi ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise imibono enesibindi kakhulu yabakhi bezakhiwo nabaklami lapho beklanywa kabusha futhi Izakhiwo ezintsha, ukuvumela ukuthi udlale ngaphezu kwezinketho eziyi-100 (kukhona namaphaneli e-multicolor chameleon).

Ukuchazwa kwesitezi sokuqala

Uhlelo Lokuqala Lwesitezi 1. ITambour 5.8m2

2. IHholo 9.0m2

3. Ikhishi 10,48m2

4. Igumbi Lokuphila 26.7M2

5. IKhabhinethi 15.1M2

6. Indlu yokugezela 5.26m2

7. Igumbi le-boiler 6,6m2

8. Igalari 31,7m2

Ukuchazwa kwesitezi sesibili

Uhlelo lwesitezi sesibili 1. IHholo 9M2

2. Igumbi lokulala lama-20,7m2

3. Ikhabethe 2,7m2

4. indlu yokugezela 7,6m2

5. Igumbi lokulala 16,6m2

6. Igumbi lokulala 19,1m2

Abahleli babonga i-RocKwool ukuthola usizo ekulungiseni okuqukethwe.