Enye yezindlela ezidumile zokwakha izakhiwo zokuhlala ezinama-multi-streaty ngukwakhiwa kwe-monolithic. Isici sakhe: Ukuthwala amakholomu nokugqama kwakhiwa kusuka kukhonkolo oqinisiwe, futhi izindonga zangaphandle zimiswe ezintweni ezisindisa ukushisa - azithwali umthwalo wamandla. Futhi uma usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obunjalo ekwakhiweni okuphansi? Kuyavela ukuthi kungenzeka
Enye yezindlela ezidumile zokwakha izakhiwo zokuhlala ezinama-multi-streaty ngukwakhiwa kwe-monolithic. Isici sakhe: Ukuthwala amakholomu nokugqama kwakhiwa kusuka kukhonkolo oqinisiwe, futhi izindonga zangaphandle zimiswe ezintweni ezisindisa ukushisa - azithwali umthwalo wamandla. Futhi uma usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obunjalo ekwakhiweni okuphansi? Kuyavela ukuthi kungenzeka
Ukudlula ngempumelelo isheke ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo eziphakeme kanye nezakhiwo zasefulethini, ubuchwepheshe be-monolithic baqala ukunqoba kancane kancane imakethe yokwakhiwa okuphansi. Kungani kungenjalo? Ngemuva kwakho konke, ivumela izakhiwo zesitezi esincane cishe kunoma iyiphi inhlabathi. Ngasikhathi sinye, abathuthukisi abakhawulelwe ekukhetheni ukuphakama kwesakhiwo kanye nenani lezitezi. Ngamandla ekunakekelweni kwakho i-athikili, sizobheka ukuthi kanjani eMoscow Region Village "Western Valley" Buza i-OliympsTroy, ethunywe yinkampani "(bobabili - iRussia), eyakhelwe kwi-Monolithic Technology House ngendawo ephelele ye 188M2.
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1-5. Ukwakha amateyipu wesisekelo, amafomethi ajwayelekile (wokusungula) (1, 3) asetshenziswa. Ukuze ingxenye yayo engezansi ingahambi lapho ithela ukhonkolo, amabhodi afaka umcamelo kakhonkolo futhi uyivikele ngezikhonkwane (2). Isidumbu esihle kakhulu senziwe (4). Izindawo zakhe zasendlini zikhuphuka ngenhla kwezindonga zesisekelo (5) - zizonamathiselwa emapuleni aqinisiwe ophahla.
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6. Amateyipu weSisekelo afakwa amapuleti e-polystyrere foad 50mm ubukhulu obukhulu, obunamathele kukhonkolo yepuleti dowels.
Easy nokusebenza
Izimo ezimbalwa zihanjiswa kumqambi. Okokuqala: Indlu kufanele ibe compact ngokwanele ukuze ilunge ngaphandle kwezinkinga kumahektare amancane (amahektare ayi-6-7) wesakhiwo somhlaba. Okwesibili: Kufanele kwenziwe ngesitayela sanamuhla saseYurophu, kungakavamisi kakhulu eRussia. Okwesithathu: Kuyadingeka ukwenza ubuchwepheshe bokwakha ubuchwepheshe, kwangaphambilini futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, okubaluleke kakhulu - kubiza kakhulu kunefulethi elingamagumbi amathathu kwelinye lamadolobha aseMoscow esifundeni saseMoscow, kepha kushibhile kunezindlu ezifanayo eMoscow. Kuyadingeka ukuthi indlu ikhululwe kakhulu "i-treshki" endaweni yaqinisekisa ukuthi azikho izimo zokuphila ezikhululekile.Sebenzisa izimfuno ezinzima ezinjalo ezinikezwe umhlangano wosizo lwezakhiwo ngaphansi kobuholi bukaTotan Kuzeeva. Usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokwakha bendabuko kwezakhiwo eziphakeme zase-Urban High, abakhi bezakhiwo bakha iphrojekthi yasekuqaleni, ngokuhambisana nalokhu okukhona okokuqala kunezindawo zokuhlala, bahlanganisa igumbi lokuphumula elinendawo yomlilo, igumbi lokudlela, nakwesibili phansi - amakamelo okulala amathathu (amabili (izingane ezimbili). Engaphandle, isihlahla nodaka kuhlanganiswe, uphahla lwenziwa lufulethi. Siyengeza ukuthi isakhiwo esiklanyelwe, esathola igama elithi "amaprotheni", e-XII International Festival of Architecture kanye ne-Interior Design "ngaphansi kophahla lwendlu ..." uzuze indawo yesithathu kulo mqondo we-a Indlu yezwe ".
Isisekelo sendlu
Iphrojekthi yendlu ihlinzeka ngesisekelo se-concrete ribbon eqinisiwe ngendawo eyandisiwe yesisekelo. Kufanele ifakwe ngaphansi kwe-Ground SuraZing Point, okuyinto yale ndawo yesifunda saseMoscow isekujuleni okungaba ngu-1,4 m.
Ngedivayisi yesisekelo samatende esizayo, umsele wakhishwa ngokujula kwe-1.6 m. Ngaphansi kwakhe, umcamelo onesihlabathi onobukhulu baka-200mm, owawuchithe amanzi futhi wacwebe ngokuphelele. Ngemuva kwalokho kwafakwa ifomu lezinkuni emseleni, ifreyimu yokuqinisa yabekwa kuyo futhi yaphonswa kusuka kukhonkolo M300 Brand Base - Ribbons 900mm ububanzi kanye nokuphakama okungu-300mm.
Lapho ukhonkolo lukhuni, amafomu asuswa futhi afakwe esisekelweni sikakhonkolo wezihlangu zefokhelo yensimbi ejwayelekile (yokusungula), zahlanganiswa kanye nobude bezikhiye ezikhethekile. Imigqa ehambisanayo yezihlangu ibekwe ibanga elingu-300mm ngokwahlukana, ijoyine izikopelo ezihlanganisiwe lapho kufakwa khona izihlahla zepulasitiki (lapho kususa amafomu, i-bushing isuswa kalula, futhi i-bushing ihlala kukhonkolo). Ngaphakathi kwefokukhekayo, kwenziwa ifreyimu yensimbi enamakholomu anamandla emakhoneni futhi ayibophele ngokukhishwa kokuqiniswa okudalwe yisisekelo sesisekelo. Ukuze kufakwe izivikelo zefomu lapho kugcwaliswa ukhonkolo, lapho kule ndawo lapho kunengcindezi enkulu, engaguquki, amabhodi aminyene afakwa ezihlathini eduze kwezihlangu. Okubili okunamathiselwe ethempelini eyisisekelo ngezikhonkwane eziqinile zokuqinisa. Ngemuva kwalokho kusuka ku-M300 Brand Cast Concrete Cardbons - "Izindonga" ububanzi 300mm. Umngcele wawo ongaphezulu waphakanyiswa phezu kwezinga lomhlabathi elingaba ngu-320mm.
Amafomu adutshulwe ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-3. Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokwenza umsebenzi owengeziwe, walinda kuze kube yilapho ukhonkolo ushaye amaphuzu angu-50% wamandla okuklama. Emva kwalokho, ingaphezulu lezinhlanga zesisekelo kuzo zombili izinhlangothi laliphathwa ngeBitumen Mastic, elenza imisebenzi emibili ngasikhathi sinye: akuvumeli umswakama osuswe kukhonkolo kakhulu (kwakunesimo sezulu esishisayo), futhi kamuva wakhonza njenge-materproof Isisekelo.
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7-9. Ama-allors adalwe ngokuphonsa isisekelo, afakwe amapayipi epulasitiki (7, 8) (azokwethulwa endlini yezokuxhumana), okwathi ngemuva kwalokho aqala ukuvuvukala inhlabathi (9).
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10-12. Inhlabathi ivinjwe kahle esikhaleni phakathi kwezimbambo, futhi yahlatshwa (10). Amapuleti akhe e-polystyrere are abekelwe kuwo, amboze ungqimba wawo wokufaka amanzi nangaphezulu kohlaka lokuqinisa ophahleni lwe-Ceiling Slab (11). I-slab yesikhathi esizayo iye yaqiniswa ngemibambo eqinisiwe eqinisiwe enemishayo enamandla eqinisiwe enemishini eqinisiwe eqinisiwe (12).
13.14. Lapho ugoqa umkhondo we-slab, amafomu awasetshenziswa. Abakhi bavale imiphetho yesisekelo sePolystyrene Plates ephakanyiswe ngaphezu kwezimbambo, ezacindezelwa yizigameko zesikhashana.
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15-18. Ngemuva kokompompi ukhonkolo oqinisiwe wesisekelo esikhulu (15) baphonswa (15), baqala ukwakha izisekelo zompheme (16, 17) noVeranda (18). Njengoba kungekho omunye ngokuphelele umthwalo uyathwala, abazange bazixhumanise nenhloko.
Ngokulandelayo, abakhi baqalile amateyipu wokufaka okufaka kwesisekelo (lokhu kuyadingeka ukuthi izindonga nezindonga ezingaphansi komhlaba azikhokhwanga). Ama-Flends Klents avela ngaphandle ngosizo lwe-Plate Dowels enamathiselwe amapuleti e-polystyrene Foam 50mm ubukhulu obukhulu, obukhulule ngaphezulu kwezinga lamateyipu kuye ngo-200mm.
Lapho-ke abakhi bafake izimbobo zokufaka ezezokuxhumana engxenyeni ye-Foundation TAPERS yamapayipi ensimbi futhi aqala ukwenza ukuvuvukala kwenhlabathi. Esikhundleni sesihlabathi, evame ukusetshenziswa ezimweni ezinjalo, inhlabathi yayisimbozwe phakathi kwamateyipu, phambilini eyayikhishwe emseleni, okuyindlela, izogcina inani elibalulekile. Inhlabathi izosebenza kuphela njengokwesekwa kwesikhashana kwendiza yesisekelo se-Overlap esidingekayo kuphela kuze kube yilapho ukhonkolo walolu daba uzuza amandla. Lapho-ke inhlabathi izowa, kepha umsebenzi wawo uzokwenziwa.
Emhlabathini omisiwe wabeka amapuleti e-polystyrenererererenerererere expression kanye nesendlalelo sokufaka amanzi futhi waqala ukudala uhlaka. Yayiqukethe izingqimba ezimbili zokuqiniswa nobubanzi be-10mm eqoqwe ngesimo se-lattice ngeseli le-150x150mm. Ungqimba olungaphansi lokuqiniswa luphakanyiswa ngenhla kwezinga elingenamanzi elinezingxenye zepulasitiki - "izihlalo". Izendlalelo ze-armature zahlukaniswa futhi zahlanganiswa ngasikhathi sinye zisebenzisa izinto ezikhethekile ze-wire. Ngemuva kwalokho, kanye namapuleti e-polystyrere foom, ephakeme ngenhla kwamateyipu wesisekelo, amabhodi anamathele futhi afaka umkhawulo wesikhashana, owesibili - emhlabathini. Ngemuva kwalokho kusuka kukhonkolo kakhonkolo we-M300 we-Plate of the Blongep Okweqile ngobukhulu be-80mm. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wonke umsebenzi wema kuze kube yilapho ukhonkolo ushaye amaphuzu angama-70% amandla okuklama.
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19-21. Usebenzisa ifomu elijwayelekile, abakhi beContithic Cast Clowemns (19), ngaphakathi kwawo ngakunye okufihliwe uhlaka lwensimbi olunamandla (20), bese ethembela kubo, babhala (21).
22. Ngokushesha nje lapho ukhonkolo we-swele wathola amandla adingekayo, abakhi baqala ukufaka uhlaka lwesitezi sesibili. Okulandelayo, ukuphinda ngokuphelele umjikelezo wonke: Amakholomu akhiwe, bese kuba ukugqashuka phezu kwawo.
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23-26. Isisekelo, ukunqwabelana okujwayelekile kanye nophahla kunokubamba okufanayo: Leli yipuleti eliqinisiwe le-monolithic elinobukhulu obungu-80mm, aqiniswe ngama-beams (23, 24, 25) ngesigaba sama-40x30cm, .
Izisekelo zompheme kanye nethala ziyaqiniswa kokhonkolo ukhonkolo ngesigaba sesiphambano se-50x20cm. Banqunywa ukuthi bangahlanganisi nesisekelo esikhulu ekhaya. Isizathu salokhu sinje. Isakhiwo ngokwaso, sakhiwe kubuchwepheshe be-monolithic, sinzima futhi ngenxa yalokho empeleni bawa, yize kancane. Umpheme kanye nethala kungasindi, kusho ukuthi bazohlala kancane. Ngakho-ke, okungenzeka ukuthi amathuba okungenzeka ukuthi aklebhula isisekelo. Ngakho-ke bayeke baphile empilweni yabo ezimele ngaphandle kokuthola eminye imithwalo engeziwe.
Isidumbu sikakhonkolo
Ngenkathi ukhonkolo onqenqemeni we-alllap waqasha amandla aqediwe, abakhi babelungiswa ngokulungiswa kwezinhlaka zozimele ze-monolithic kholomu kanye nemishayo yamandla, isakhiwo kanye nabanye cishe okufanayo: izinduku eziyisithupha ze-rectangles nge Ububanzi bama-20mm, aboshwe nge-wire rectangles. Umehluko wawungukuthi uhlaka lwamakholomu esigaba kwakuyisikwele 40x40cm, futhi imishayo iyinxande engu-40x30cm.
Lezi zinhlaka ezilungiselelwe zangaphambi kokulungiswa zivunyelwe ukonga isikhathi esiningi. Ukufakwa kwekholamu kubukeka kanjena: Phakamisa uhlaka oluphelile endaweni ebheke phezulu, "amathayi" ekukhishweni kokuqiniswa kwesisekelo, babeka amafomu ajwayelekile azungeze uhlaka, afakwe futhi athulule ukhonkolo walo ngaphakathi. Izisebenzi ezimbili zenza kungabi ngaphezu kwamahora ama-4. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-3, amafomu angasuswa futhi asetshenziselwe ukwenziwa kwekholomu elandelayo.
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27-30. Umugqa wokuqala wabakhi begesi-busilisa ubebekwe engxenyeni yesisombululo (27, 29). Ngasikhathi sinye, ibhulokhi ngayinye yaqondaniswa kahle kwi-lace (28) kanye neleveli (30).
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31, 32. Umugqa wokuqala wamabhulokhi abekwe kukhonkolo usuphenduke umphambili (31) ukuvumelanisa yonke imigqa elandelayo. Ngokulungiswa kwazo, kusetshenziswe i-glue ekhethekile, ubukhulu bengqimba yalokho abangakwedlulanga i-5mm. Ukuze uqhubeke nokwenza lula inqubo yokuhlobisa odongeni, amabhlogo anobukhulu bama-30cm abekwe onqenqemeni lwangaphakathi lwesigaba samakholamu we-40x40cm (32).
33-36. Ukuqinisekisa ukugeleza kwamanzi kusuka ophahleni (33), abakhi baqale benziwa ngosizo lukasimende-sandy "izibani ezinamalanthtouse" (34), bese-ke, besebenzisa isikhalo. Ngakho-ke, uphahla lwenziwa ophahleni (2-5), lapho amanzi azowathola khona kumanzi angenamanzi ahlelwe eParapete (35, 36).
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37, 38. Amaqhinga amancane . Ungawakha kanjani ukuvulwa ku-monolith? Kubukeka sengathi impendulo yalo mbuzo iyabonakala: Kuyadingeka ukuthatha i-perforator enamandla amakhulu futhi wenze umzamo omncane. I-AESI mayelana nedivaysi yokuvula iyanakekela ngaphambi kwesikhathi, i-perforator ngeke idinge. Ngaphambi kokugcwaliswa kokhonkolo ku-slab ukunqwabelana endaweni yokuvulelwa okuzayo, i-polystyrere trimming (37) yabekwa, inamathele kubo ukufakwa. Lapho sekuyisikhathi sokwakha ama-vellitation amabili ama-vericers avela esitini (38), abakhi bamane balinganiswa kusukela ekuqothulweni kwe-polystyrene foam, futhi ukuvuleka kwadalwa endabeni yemizuzu.
Lapho yonke ikholomu yokuqala yaphansi ibisekulungele futhi ifaka amaphuzu adingekayo, abakhi baqala ukuhlanganisa amafomu okuqaqa okuhlangene. Phakathi kwamakholomu, imishayo yokhuni elungisiwe, futhi i-metal racks eguqukayo yayisetshenziswa njengosekela aphakathi. Ngaphesheya kwemishayo kwabekwa izingxenye ezimfushane zokhuni, ezazifakwa nge-plywood ye-tywood ye-plywood kancane ngaphezulu kwama-40cm. Ngakho-ke kwahlelwa "amafomethi aphansi" wokwenza imishayo yamandla ngengxenye yesiphambano ye-40x30cm. Ngokushesha wabeka amafreyimu aqinisiwe alezi zinhlaka. Ngemuva kwalokho ezikhaleni phakathi kwemishayo yesikhathi esizayo ngendlela efanayo futhi wadala izindiza ezaba yifomba elithi "ezansi" yepuleti ye-monolithic. Itholakala ngenhla "phansi" ye-Beamformwork Moshicwork ngqo 220 mm, elilingana nomehluko phakathi kobukhulu bepuleti ye-monolithic (80mm) nobukhulu bogobolo lwamandla (300mm). Okulandelayo, ku- "Ngezansi" Kwefomu, amapuleti abeke uhlaka lwawo aqinisiwe (ngokusho kwesakhiwo kufana nohlaka olunezingqimba ezimbili zesisekelo se-BASE) futhi wayibopha ngefreyimu ye-beam. Emva kwalokho, izindonga eziseceleni zefokukheka lezombumbulu zesikhathi esizayo nemishayo zenziwa ngamabhodi. Ekugcineni, usebenzisa ukhonkolo womkhiqizo we-M300, wathela i-slab uqobo kanye nemishayo yamandla.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku 3-4, kwasuswa amafomu anezinhlamvu zamandla futhi ngosizo lwama-metal struts aguqukayo adalwe ngaphansi kwawo ama-backups, abingasuswa kuze kube yilapho ukhonkolo ushaye amandla okuklama okuphelele (imvamisa kwenzeka ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-28). Amafomu amapuleti epuleti asuswe ngemuva kokuthi ukhonkolo amaphuzu angama-70% wamandla anikezwe yiphrojekthi yamandla. Amakholomu wohlaka lwe-monolithic of the soliting floor kanye nokugqwala kophahla kwadalwa ngendlela efanayo, ngakho-ke ngeke sichaze le nqubo.
Ukubeka udonga
Ngokushesha nje lapho kususwe izixhasi zamandla kagesi wokuqothuka kwalolu mbumbulu, abakhi baqala ukubeka izindonga ezivela emabhulokini asilingisa igesi. Amabhulokhi enziwe kulokhu okuqukethwe abonakaliswa yi-geometry enembe kakhulu (ukuphambuka akudluli ku-2mm), okuvumela ukuthi ungazibeki esikhaleni sesimende-sandy, kodwa ku-5 mm) ungqimba we-glue. Kwaphakamisa izici ezisindisa ukushisa kwezindonga zendlu.Inqubo yama-masonry uqobo ilula: kusuka ezinhlangothini ezimbili zezindonga zesikhathi esizayo zifakwe amabhlokhi abizwa nge-beacon acindezelwe amakholomu. I-vibro ngayinye yalahlwa yisipikili, abayidonsela intambo ye-kapron (lokugcina lisiza kumabhulokhi abushelelezi). Umugqa wokuqala wafakwa kwikhambi, ukuvumela ukuthi ubhekane nokungahambi kahle kophahla lwe-Ceiling, futhi konke okulandelayo ku-glue. Ukufakwa okuvundlile kwamabhulokhi kwahlolwa kusetshenziswa izinga lokwakha.
Ngingumzuzwana owodwa onelukuluku: lapho ubeka izindonga, amabhlogo ahambisana nomkhawulo wangaphakathi wamakholomu ukuze udonga lubusheleleke ngaphakathi. Ngaphandle kwendlu, amakholomu endizeni ngayinye yodonga nge-100mm (ububanzi bekholomu - 400 mm, i-gas-silicate block yi-300 mm). Lokhu kungahambi kahle kubhekwa ukusetshenziswa kwamapuleti e-polystyrene foam yobukhulu obuhlukahlukene obukhulu ezindongeni nasezindongeni ezingemuva lapho zifakwa kwangaphandle.
Uphahla olufulethi
Ikhaya elingajwayelekile lidlulile ophahleni oluyisicaba, hhayi alula, nokuphambuka. Ihlukile ophahleni lwendabuko olufulethi, iqiniso lokuthi ungqimba lokufakwa okushisayo okukuwo akutholakali ngaphansi kongqimba lwamanzi, kodwa ngaphezulu kwalo. Idizayini yophahla yadalwa ngale ndlela elandelayo: Okokuqala, abakhi babeka umngcele weparapet ophahleni oluvela emabhulokini asulwa egesi futhi wenza izimbobo kuwo lapho umswakama wemvula uzongena khona lapho umswakama wemvula uzongena khona edolweni Ukuze amanzi ageleze e-drainage evela kuyo yonke indawo yophahla futhi engafakwanga, yahlelwa uthayi olunesithasiselo esine-bias ebheke ezimbozweni zokuphuma (le nqubo ikhonjiswa ezithombeni ). E-Screed, ingaphezulu lepharapet kanye nokungaphakathi kokuvulwa kokuphuma kwabekwa ukuhlanganiswa kophahla - ungqimba lokungena kwamanzi. Amapuleti aphahleni we-polystyrere Foam 50mm ubukhulu babekwa futhi bembozwe ngama-geooellits, athulule ungqimba lwamatshe (ingxenye - 5-20mm) ngobukhulu be-150mm.
Uyini uphahla olungcono kunefulethi elijwayelekile? Ophahleni lwe-inversion, i-top (Loading) ungqimba ivikela ukuhlanganiswa kophahla futhi ukufakwa okufakwe phezu kwalo kusuka ekulimaleni kwemishini, umoya, imiphumela ye-ozone ne-UV radiation IT.p., Futhi ngasikhathi sinye Ikuvumela ukuthi ukhulise kakhulu izinga lokuphepha komlilo ekhaya. Ngakho-ke, impilo yenkonzo yophahla lokungenisa lukhulu kakhulu kunefulethi elijwayelekile. Noma uphahla olunjalo luyadingeka ukulungisa, lokhu, ngokusho kochwepheshe, kuzoba lula: Kwanele ukungavikeli ungqimba lwe-gravel, kuphakamise ukufakwa - futhi phambi kwakho ungqimba lokufaka amanzi, lapho kuvela khona umonakalo ibonakale kahle. I-AESLI abanikazi bendlu yesikhathi esizayo bazofuna ukuvula uphahla lokungenisa i-inversion engadini encane yezimbali isebenze noma iphule kuyo noma enkulisa, ngeke ibe khona izinkinga ngalokhu: elinye isendlalelo se-geootoillits lizongezwa futhi inhlabathi izokweneliswa ngayo It. Kunomklamo wokungenisa okhangayo futhi kubakhi, ngoba kuyadingeka ukudala kube lula futhi isikhathi sakho sidingeka kakhulu.
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39. Isihambi esingewona esijwayelekile esivela kukhonkolo ye-monolithic senziwa esakhiweni. Le nqubo yayinde, ngoba kwakudingeka ukwenza ngesandla ifomu lesinyathelo ngasinye. Kepha sathola ngqo lokho umklami akufunayo.
40, 41. Amakholomu kanye nemishayo yohlaka ngaphandle (40) kwavalwa ngamapuleti e-polystyrere foam (50 mm), izindonga ezenziwe ngegesi - ku-polystyrenerenereren (41).
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42-46. Izindonga ezivela emabhulokini athuli amagesi zahamba ngamapuleti ePolystyrene. Uma kunesidingo, amapuleti anqunywe (42), khona-ke ukwakheka okunamathesi (46) kwasetshenziswa kubo futhi kwafakwa endaweni. Kusetshenziswa ukwakheka okufanayo, amapuleti ashumeke ngokucophelela amapuleti amapuleti odongeni (44, 45). Njengoba emboze lonke udonga, ukufakwa okunamathiselwe kuwo nge-powels yepuleti futhi kwanyathela imicu phakathi kwamapuleti (43).
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46, 47. I-polystyrene yagcotshwa nge-glue ekhethekile, eyayilungiselelwe emhloni owomile khona lapho.
49-50. Ukunciphisa ubukhulu bamapuleti ePolystyrere Foam (49, 51), itafula lenziwa nge-plywood kanye nama-racks amabili ama-screw aboshwe kukho. Phakathi kwabo badonsela ucingo oluncane lwe-nichrome (50), lapho kuhanjiswa khona amandla nge-autotranformer.
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52-54. Kokubili ukuqeda kwangaphakathi nangaphandle kwendlu kufushane. Ukusuka ngaphakathi kwezindonga kwaqothulwa. Ukuhlukaniswa kwenziwa nge-drywall, babeka futhi ophahleni. Izitebhisi ezigabeni zitshelwe imabula (52). Ngaphandle, kwahlanganiswa nezindawo ezibunjiwe nezihlahla (53, 24).
Qeda ekugcineni
Ngokusho komklamo wabaqambi, i-facade yendlu kufanele ibe kwezinye izindawo ezibekwe ezindaweni, nakwabanye - uyakhathalela. Ngokuvumelana nalokhu, ubuchwepheshe bokufakelwa kanye nomhlobiso walezi zingosi bahluka ngandlela thile.Ake siqale ngokuqedwa kwezindawo ezingaphansi komhlaba. Izinhlaka zokhonkolo eziqinisiwe zivalwe ngamapuleti e-polystyrere foad 50mm obukhulu obukhulu, futhi izindonga zamabhulokhi ezilingisa igesi ziyi-polystyrene foam ezingaba ngu-150 mm, ezivumele ubuso bezindonga ukuba zenze bushelelezi, ngaphandle kwe-ledges. Amalunga omseleli wokufakelwa avalwe ngokucophelela, khona-ke zonke izindonga zazibunjiwe eceleni kwegridi, zimbozwe futhi zimbozwe ngopende we-facade.
Ukuqedwa kwezindawo ezingaphansi kwesihlahla somuthi kwahlukile. Okokuqala, imihlahlandlela yokhuni enamathiselwe ezindongeni zisebenzisa ama-anchor bolts. Phakathi kwazo zibeka amapuleti oboya bezimbiwa, abanamathele odongeni nge-powels yepuleti. Lapho-ke lonke umklamo wawumbozwe ngaphezulu kolwelwesi lwemberband yomoya. Okudlule kucindezelwe ukuqondisa abalingani, futhi banamathisela amapuleti e-antiseptic futhi apendiwe ngokulandelana kwe-120x20cm kubo abavela kuzo zonke izinhlangothi.
-Fanele
Mhlawumbe, umuntu ovela kubafundi uzothi isakhiwo senkampani esele sine-margity ngokweqile. I-SATIM ingavuma. I-margin yokuphepha imkhulu kakhulu - cishe amahlandla amahlanu. Kepha ngubani owaziyo, iyiphi ijubane elizoba ngumndeni ohlala endlini? Uma izakhamizi zakhona zisondele futhi zizothatha isinqumo sokungeza phansi eyodwa noma ezimbili, kuzokwazi ukuzisebenzisa ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Abahleli babonga inkampani "Iphrojekthi yezwe" ukuze kusizakale lapho kulungiswa izinto ezibonakalayo
Ithebula libuke kumagazini "imibono yekhaya lakho" No. 7 (163) P.195