Ukuthandwa kwe-Carcass Home-Building eRussia kuyaqhubeka ukwandisa. Isidingo esisheshayo sezindlu eziqoqwe endaweni yokwakha ngesikhathi esifushane kunazo zonke. Ngokuvumelana nalokhu, inani lobuchwepheshe elinikeza umhlangano osheshayo liyanda. Eminye yemikhiqizo emisha - izindlu ezinohlaka lwamaphrofayili ensimbi
Ukuthandwa kwe-Carcass Home-Building eRussia kuyaqhubeka ukwandisa. Isidingo esisheshayo sezindlu eziqoqwe endaweni yokwakha ngesikhathi esifushane kunazo zonke. Ngokuvumelana nalokhu, inani lobuchwepheshe elinikeza umhlangano osheshayo liyanda. Eminye yemikhiqizo emisha - izindlu ezinohlaka lwamaphrofayili ensimbi
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Isisekelo senziwa ngePile-Paiped nge-monolithic eqinisiwe ipuleti: ubukhulu bezinqwaba - 350mm (Isinyathelo - 1.5m), isigaba se-400x400mm (1), ubukhulu bepuleti - 120mm (2)
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Amaphaneli Wozimele akhiqizwa etafuleni eliseduze kwenkundla yokudlala futhi aphakamise isisekelo (3). Phakathi kwamaphaneli ahlanganiswe nezikulufo ezine-drill, ukuthuthukisa okuhlanganisiwe ngamapuleti (4). Ubulukhuni obukhulu bohlaka banikeze izimbambo zensimbi ezinqamule (5) kanye namashalofu (6)
Imibono ye-Essence
Ngokusho kobuchwepheshe obugcina izakhiwo ezivela ku-lstk, ifreyimu yensimbi eqinile ye-metal yenziwa kusuka ezinhlanganweni zozimele (abakhi be-brevity babizwa ngokuthi amaphaneli abo). Ziqoqiwe kusuka kumaphrofayli ensimbi ekhanyayo afana nalawo asetshenziselwa ukubeka amashidi e-plasterboard. Amaphrofayli enziwe ngensimbi emncane eshiywe yensimbi ethambile enobukhulu obungu-0.6-3,5 mm futhi ube nesigaba esinjenge-C-noma i-P. Ukuphakama kwabo kungu-100-300mm. Uhlaka oluhlangene oluvela kumaphaneli lufakelwe futhi luchotshoziwe.
1. IHholo 9m2
2. Igumbi lokuhlala 37m2
3. Hall 8m2
4. Igumbi lokudlela 27m2
5. Ukugezela 9m2
6. Igumbi le-boiler 9m2
7. Ikhishi 13,5m2
8. Igumbi lokulala 19,5m2
1. Hall 7m2.
2. IKhabhinethi 15m2
3. Indlu yokugezela 12m2
4. Igumbi lokulala 24m2
5. ikhabe le-12,5m2
6. Igumbi lokulala 33m2
7. Wardrobe 19,5m2
Ngokusho kochwepheshe, lobu buchwepheshe bazalelwa emhlanganweni wobunjiniyela bezokwakha nobunjiniyela. Kuyinto ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela zokwakha umshini ozinikeze ngokusebenza kahle nokuthandwa. Kwavela kuma-50s. Xx in. ECanada, lapho angena khona e-US, bese eya eYurophu. Lapho, ochwepheshe abavela emazweni aseScandinavia bayithuthukisa futhi bathuthukile. ERussia, ukwakhiwa okusetshenziswayo kwe-LSTK kuseyinto entsha engakatholi umthengi wayo omkhulu.
Kuzoba khona iphrofayili yensimbi "ibhuloho elibandayo"? Ngempendulo yalo mbuzo, sizoqala le ndatshana enikezelwe ekwakhiweni kwendlu ngendawo ephelele ye-256m2. Wakhiwa esifundeni saseMoscow "Prostor" ngokwendlela eyakhiwe ngokwakhiwa okubambile "Insu" (bobabili - iRussia).
Umbono we-Specialist
Uma sikhuluma ngokushiyeka kohlelo lwe-LSK, empeleni, kuyadingeka ukukhuluma ngokuntuleka kwensimbi, kuleli nsimbi enziwe nge-galvanized. I-AONI iyaziwa: Ukumelana nomlilo okuphansi kwezembatho zensimbi (ukungadideki ngokuvutha), ukuvumelanisa okuphezulu nokuthambekela kokugqwala, okuyingozi ikakhulukazi kumaphrofayili ancishisiwe. Kepha lokhu kushibhiswa kwaziwa kahle ngabakhiqizi be-LSTK, futhi bazama noma okungenani kufanele bazame ukunxephezela amasu abo obuchwepheshe: Sebenzisa ama-flame retardant kanye nokuvuthwa kwe-anti-cororion, hlela ukuhlukaniswa okushisayo kwako.D. Kuyo ngithanda ukusho "ngokulula" kwezakhiwo zokwakha ngohlaka lwe-LSTK. Izitatimende ezinjalo ziyingozi ngoba ziholela ekwakhiweni kwezindlu "ochwepheshe" ziyathathwa, ezinganalo ulwazi ngalobu buchwepheshe. Ngaleso sikhathi, ukwakhiwa nokusetshenziswa kwe-Lstk kudinga ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile, ulwazi ngezici zokusetshenziswa kwalezo zinhlaka, ngoba amaphutha wokufaka kanye nokwephulwa kobuchwepheshe bomhlangano kungadala ngisho nezinhlaka. Ngokubona kwami, kuyasiza ekwethulweni kobuchwepheshe ukuhlela inethiwekhi yezikhungo zokuqeqesha ezinjengalezo ezenziwe yi-Knauff ukukhuthaza amasistimu wokwakha owomile.Andrei pratstigar, inhloko yesikhungo sesayensi nezemfundo
"Ubuchwepheshe obusha bokwakha kanye nezinto zokwakha" MGSU
OrmoroPophy
Phambilini, insimbi yayingasetshenziswa kakhulu emiklamweni yezindonga zangaphandle ngenxa yokuvuselelwa okuphezulu okuphezulu, okunikele ekwakhekeni kwama- "amabhuloho obandayo", ahlukane nodonga futhi aze alahlekelwe yimali ebalulekile yokushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yabo, ingaphakathi le-Wall Prezes kanye ne-condensate liwela kulo.
Izinsimbi ezakhiwe zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-LSTK, ukwakheka kwezakhiwo kukhishwe ngaphandle, ngoba okuthiwa yi-thermopropili esetshenziswa lapho kwakhiwa izindonga zangaphandle. Lezi yizinto, eshalofini elibanzi lazo ezenziwe ngezimbobo, ekhuphukile eduze kwephrofayili. Ububanzi, ubude nendawo yezimbobo kanye nama-jumpers phakathi kwabo kubalwa ukuze kukhulise kaninginingi indlela yokushisa i-flux futhi ngenxa yalokhu ukunciphisa ukulahleka kokushisa.
Ukunamathisela i-LstK kwisisekelo
I-persoration futhi ithuthukisa kakhulu izici ze-aundroofproof ze-thermorpropille futhi inciphise isisindo sokugcina (isisindo sefreyimu yensimbi engu-1-45kg), ngakho-ke isisindo sendlu siqoqwe kusuka kulo (isisindo se-1m2 sendawo Isakhiwo esiqediwe ngokwesilinganiso silingana no-150kg). Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi wakhe izindlu kubuchwepheshe be-LstK kwizisekelo ezingasindi. Njengoba iphrofayili edonswe ngodonga elincanyana isetshenziselwa ukwakha ifreyimu, izinto ezihlukile ziboshelwe ukuzicindezela kokuzicindezela ngesikhathi, okulula kakhulu inqubo.
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Empheni wezindonga zozimele zesitezi sokuqala, iphrofayili ekhethwe ngokhuni (9) yavikelekile, izombozwa imiphetho yogongolo lokugoqa futhi ibabambe. Okulandelayo, ngesinyathelo sika-60 cm kufakwe imishayo ngokwako kusuka kuphrofayili ebekiwe ye-C (10). Ukuze bangapheli amandla lapho besebenza, imichilo (11) yayinamathele kubo ngesinyathelo esithile, ngokwakha i-slerlap grille (12).
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Empheni we-perimeter ye-interthesion lattice, okwenziwe izintambo zesikhashana ezenziwe ngamabhodi kwaqala ukusetha ukusetha amaphaneli wozimele wezindonga zesibili (13). Inqubo yokufakwa kwayo icishe yafana nalokhu okuchazwe ngenhla ngenhla, kepha uma iphaneli yezindonga zesitezi sokuqala laligcwele ukutholwa kwesikhashana kokhuni emhlabathini, iphaneli yesibili yesibili lalinamathiselwe ukugcwala.
Ubuchwepheshe bokwakhiwa kwe-inter-strey (14) kanye ne-attic (15) ukugqagqana (15) kufana kakhulu, kepha ukunqotshwa kwe-attic kwakungeyona isicaba, kepha okuzayo kwakungeyona isicaba, kodwa okuzayo, okwenza kwaba senzeka ukwandisa ukuphakama kophahla egumbini lokuphekela phansi kwe isitezi sesibili negumbi lokulala eliphakeme.
Ukwakheka kohlelo
Ngesikhathi kwakhiwa indlu kusuka ku-LSTK, kwadalwa amasistimu amathathu: Wall, Overlappings kanye ne-rafter. Ukujika kokuqala ezindongeni zangaphandle (kubo kuphela i-thermofilm esetshenziswayo), izindonga zangaphakathi ezithwala (zingasetshenziswa zombili thermopropille kanye nephrofayili eqinile) kanye namacebo aqinile). I-step pitch kulezi zinhlaka inqunywa umthwalo osebenzayo futhi imvamisa i-60cm, ehambelana nobubanzi bamapuleti okufakwayo obekwe ngaphakathi kohlaka. Ukumelana nokudluliswa kokushisa kwezindonga zangaphandle (ukushuba kwazo kuyahlukahluka ngo-150-300 mm), kucatshangelwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kube nokufakwa okwengeziwe ngaphandle noma okungaphakathi kwendlu kungafinyelela ku-6 ms / w futhi nangaphezulu. Uhlangothi lwesine lwezakhiwo zensimbi, njengomthetho, kuncishiswa ngamashidi e-plasterboard.Ukuqedwa kwe-Punching Peacade kusetshenziswa izitini, itshe, ukufakwa ngaphakathi, ishidi lochwepheshe, amakhasethi, amaphaneli, i-idr. Umkhawulo ongafinyeleleka wezobuchwepheshe womklamo wokumelana nomlilo - Rei 90 (Snip 21-01-97 "Ukuphepha Komlilo Kwezakhiwo Nezakhiwo"). Izakhiwo ze-LstK zingesigaba ii isigaba sezicishamlilo ezijwayelekile ngokusho kwe-Gost 30247.0-94 no-30247.1- 94.
Uhlelo lwe-Overlap luqukethe nezinhlaka ezithwala amaphrofayli ensimbi ngaphandle kwemvelo, efakwe ngo-60 cm. Ukuphakama kogongolo kunqunywa ukubalwa kwe-design (ubude obuphezulu be-span, buhlotshiswe ngemishayo ebekiwe ye-C ukuphakama okungama-300 mm, kungu-8m). Ngaphezulu kwemishayo, ungabeka phansi phansi kusuka ku-plywood, osp-plates nezinye izinto ezifanayo. Kukhona ezinye izinketho: ukukhweza phansi kwensimbi floor floores bese uyimboza kusuka phezulu kwamapuleti we-gypsum-fiber phansi noma uphenduke isisekelo ngaphansi kwekhonkolo ". Uphahla uvame ukubekwa ngamashidi e-plasterboard anamathiselwe ebhande elingezansi lemishayo ekhreyini.
Uhlelo lwe-Rafting luphethe izinhlaka zokudlwengulwa noma ze-enzyme ezivela kumaphrofayili afanayo ensimbi galvanized. Ububanzi bezinceku buhlotshiswe nabo kungafinyelela ku-14 no-20m, okuvumela abaklami ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwendawo yangaphakathi nokwenza isakhiwo sokuqala. "Kepha kuthiwani ngenkinga yephuzu lamazolo?" - Ngokobuchwepheshe izobuzwa. Njenganoma yiluphi olunye umklamo wozimele, iphuzu lamazolo lizoba ngaphakathi kodonga lwangaphandle, futhi ngokuncipha okukhulu ekushiseni komgwaqo, kuvela umswakama kule ndawo. Kungakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukususwa komugqa wamanzi kulo mklamo kuya emgwaqweni. Le nkinga ingaxazululwa yile nkinga kuphela ngedivayisi enekhono yezindonga zangaphandle ezifudumele zesakhiwo: kusuka ngaphakathi kuyadingeka ukuzivikela ekutholeni umswakama nge-vapor efaka ifilimu, ngaphandle komoya ongena ngaphansi kwamanzi. Lesi sakamuva kufanele siwukhiphe umswakama ngokukhululekile oqukethwe kumaphaneli. Phakathi kwalokhu okuqukethwe kanye nokwelashwa kwangaphandle, kuyadingeka ukuhlela igebe elingena umoya, lapho kudalwa khona izimo zokuvela komoya (ukugeleza komoya okuphakamisa umoya kuzothathwa ngamabili amanzi).
Inqubo Encane Yomhlangano Oyizinkulu Oluhle
Indlela eya empumelelweni
Ukuya ngokushesha nangokungabizi kokwakha indlu ye-thermopropille, udinga ukwenza lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo eziphambili.
Isinyathelo 1 - design. Ungacabangi ukuthi ungathenga inani elidingekayo lemikhiqizo yensimbi emakethe, ukuze uzibhalele wena ngosayizi oyifunayo, bese uqoqa ukwakheka kwawo. Iphrofayili edingekayo yalokhu ayifiki. Kepha noma ngabe uyithola endaweni ethile, inqubo yokwakha ibeka engcupheni yezokwakha ngokoqobo inyusa insimbi ... nezindleko.
Indlela efanelekile yehlukile. Umthuthukisi uphendukela kwifemu ekhiqiza amaphrofayli e-Lstk, noma kumthengisi wawo obandakanyeka ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo, futhi ochwepheshe bakha izindlu, basebenzisa uhlelo olukhethekile. Ngasikhathi sinye, balungiselela ukubona ngeso le-3D yendlu kanye nemibhalo edingekayo ekukhiqizweni kwayo kanye nomhlangano wayo olandelayo (isikhathi sezinsuku eziyi-10-16). Uma ungafuni ukukhokhela ukwakheka (kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-10 / m2), ungasebenzisa elinye lamaphrojekthi ajwayelekile atholakalayo enkampanini. Kepha kunoma yimuphi umsebenzi, izindonga nokugqama kuzokwephulwa kunamaphaneli ahlukile, azoqoqa ngalo umklamo ophelele.
Qaphela ukuthi lapho wephula uhlaka kuphaneli, umklami onolwazi awuqondiswa hhayi kuphela ngezidingo ezakhayo, kodwa futhi nezimo zoMkhandlu endaweni yokwakha. Uma kwenziwa ngesandla (lokhu kuyindlela enomnotho kakhulu), usayizi omkhulu wephaneli akufanele weqe i-6x3m, futhi isisindo se-200kg.
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Ukuqalwa ngukwenziwa kwe-Frontons (18) kanye nokwakheka kwe-rafter, abakhi banquma ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha komsebenzi ukuze balahle ukuhanjiswa kwezikhathi zesikhashana futhi bafaka i-attic floore floore floof (19, 20). Ukufakwa kophahla kuzohlala ngesonto nje, futhi noma ngabe kuzokuna sonke lesi sikhathi, i-plywood ngeke ibe nesikhathi sokuchitheka.
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Kususelwa eqinisweni lokuthi amabutho ale ndlu azofuna ukuvula i-attic e-attic, idizayini ye-rafter yadalwa kusuka kumaphrofayili ahlanganisiwe (21), futhi isekela ama-raplers angama-rack (atholakala ngaphakathi kwe-Indoor yangaphakathi) eyenziwe Kuqinile. Isigaxa seRafal Ridge salethwa ngokuzikhandla, ukukhulisa ukuxhumana ngezinsimbi zensimbi kuma-bolts (22).
Phezu kwe-rafter (23), i-canvas yezinto ezivumayo ezingavunyelwanga (24) zabekwa (24), ezazicindezelwa kusuka kuphrofayili okuthiwa yi-hatch (igama lichazwe ngesimo), bese kuthi Ukuphahla phansi kwafakwa kuwo - i-Metal.
Isinyathelo 2 - Ukukhiqiza. Njengoba usuthole yonke imibhalo ngefomu le-elekthronikhi evela kumqambi, lesi sitshalo entweni ezenzakalelayo endabeni yezinsuku ezimbalwa (isikhathi sokubulawa kuncike kwinombolo yamaphrofayili okufunwa kanye nobude be ukunemba kwe-1 mm. (Amaphrofayli akhiqizwa ngendlela eqhubekayo futhi anqunywe ngokushesha abe yizinto zobude obufunayo, ezingaqinisekisanga imfucuza.) Inkampani nayo izosebenza kwinto ngayinye edingekayo ukuhlanganisa imali edingekayo futhi Ukuqongelela ukufakwa. Ukunemba okuphezulu kwamaphrofayili okukhiqiza kuzokwenza kube lula kulabo abazoqoqa ukwakheka, futhi kuzoba yisiqinisekiso sokuthi izindonga, ukwahlukaniswa kanye nokuphindaphinda akudingeki futhi kuvumelane.
Ungacabangi ukuthi amaphrofayli abakhiqizi abahlukene awavikelekile komunye nomunye. Ezinye izinkampani zikhiqiza amaphrofayli ngaphandle kwezimbobo ezingezekile (i-gasket yangaphandle yezokuxhumana ithathwa), ezinye sezivele zenziwe kumaphrofayili weRekess (thping) kanye nezimbobo zokufakwa kwezikulufo ezizenzisayo noma ama-bolts, neyesithathu ngaphezu kwalokho Izimbobo zokubeka ukuxhumana kwezobunjiniyela ngaphakathi kwezindonga.
Abanye abakhiqizi ngokushesha efektri bahlanganiswa kusuka kumaphrofayili odonga namapulazi. Le ndlela inganciphisa kakhulu isikhathi sokwakha sendlu. Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe baxwayisa ngokuthi umhlangano wefekthri wohlaka lwamaphaneli kufanelekile kuphela lapho inkampani itholakala ngokwanele endaweni yokwakha. Esimweni esiphambene, le ndlela ayinakugwenywa, kusukela ingxenye eyinhloko yomzimba wemoto, ithwele iphaneli, igcwele ... umoya (ungakhohlwa ukuthi amaphaneli ayithathi). Okufanayo amathuba okuthi ukuthunyelwa kuzodinga i-crane yamaloli. I-Aesli iletha isethi yamaphrofayili, umzimba ugcwele ngabo ngokuqinile - kuze kube umkhawulo we-Car Party. Ngasikhathi sinye, kungenzeka ukuhambisa amaphrofayli (futhi udinga!) Ngesandla.
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Izindonga zozimele zendlu zazimbozwe nge-Windroof Material Jutavek 85 (25), zikunamathisele kuhlaka lokuzidweba ngesigqoko esibanzi. Lapho-ke izindonga zazincishwe ngensimbi yensimbi (26, 27), eseduze kakhulu namaphaneli, aqinisekisa ukungena ngaphakathi kwawo ngaphansi komoya noma ngaphandle kokufaka amakhreyithi asuka kumaphrofayili. Amaseyili abekwe ngama-sophod ensimbi (28).
Isinyathelo 3 - Ukwakha. Izici zoHlelo lwensimbi olulethwe kwisiza sokwakha zilayishiwe, futhi abakhi bacishe baqale ukusakha. Ukulethwa okuphelele, njengomthetho, kufaka phakathi zonke izinto ezidingekayo zokuxhuma namapuleti, kanye nesethi yokuzishaya ngezikulufo, ama-bolts kanye namanye ama-fasteners (ongopenali akweluleke ukungaqinisekiswa yi-Hardware eMakethe eduzane: ikhwalithi yabo kumele iqinisekiswe yi Umkhiqizi).
Uhlaka lwamaphaneli luqoqwe noma etafuleni lamapulangwe elisicaba (okungcono uma kukhona ophahleni ngaphezu kwalo), olufakwe eduze kwesisekelo, noma ngqo esisekelweni (uma kuyipuleti ye-monolithic). Kunezindlela ezimbili zokwakha. Owokuqala ukukhweza isethi edingekayo yonke yamaphaneli, bese uwafaka ngokulandelana. Okwesibili ukuhlukanisa ama-brigade zibe izingxenye ezimbili: enye izoqoqa amaphaneli, enye ukuhlanganisa okuqoqwe. Uma indawo yokwakha incane, kungcono ukukhetha indlela yesibili.
Endabeni yothando, ijubane lomhlangano liphezulu kakhulu: phambi kwemidwebo ecabangayo yababhubhisi abane, ingaqoqa ngokuphelele isidumbu sendlu nge-150-200m2 emavikini ama-2-300 amasonto ama-2-3. Ukuze wenze lokhu, bazodinga ukudonsa kukagesi kuphela noma isikulufa. Ngokuningiliziwe, ukufakwa kwe-Metal Frame House kukhonjiswa ezithombeni futhi kuchazwe kumasiginesha kuzo. Umuntu kufanele afake into eyodwa kuphela: amaphaneli anamathele, abakhi bavele phakathi kwabo iribhoni i-polyethylene enobukhulu be-5mm. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokuhlangene amalunga, kepha futhi kusebenza njengesivikelo sokudlidliza, futhi kunciphisa izinga lokudluliselwa kohlaka lomsindo wesakhiwo.
Iphuzu elilodwa elibalulekile. Ezindaweni zabakhiqizi bamaphrofayili, ungafunda ngokulandelayo: "Umhlangano wezakhiwo ze-Lstk ukhunjuzwa ngomdlalo kuMklami wabantu abadala, futhi ungabhekana kalula nalo msebenzi, ungabi nakho." Ungakholelwa! Qoqa indlu yengadi engu-4x3m ungakwazi ukukwazi. Kodwa ochwepheshe abaziyo ama-nuances wokukhuphuka kwe-LSK kufanele bahlanganyele emhlanganweni wendlu yendawo enkulu.
Izinketho zokuqedela zangaphandle ze-Metal Frame Ikhaya
Ngaphezu kwalokho okubhalwe ngaphambilini kumhlobiso wangaphandle wezindlu zozimele zensimbi, izinto ezibhekene nazo azifanele, ezisanda kuza emakethe yethu eJapan. Lokhu, ngokwesibonelo, amaphaneli we-Fibro cement facade anobukhulu be-14-16mm, ekhiqizwe amafemu amaKichiha namaNichiha. Amaphaneli we-KMEW anemibala eminingi kanye nokwenziwa (ngaphansi kwamatshe, izitini, i-stucco ehlobisa, it.p.). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakheka kwe-coating yabo kufaka i-Tio2 Photocatalyst, enamathisela ama-nitrogen ama-nitrogen kanye nama-sulfur aqukethe amagesi okuqeda imoto kanye nokuphuma kwezimboni, kuma-ious angezinhle. Amaphaneli eNichaha anempahla yokuzihlanza engaphezulu. U-Asahi toostem no-Ig Kogyo, balingisa itshe lemvelo, izitini, udaka, ukufuya kanye nokuxazulula ipulasitiki, kudonsela ukunaka. Isikimu saso sombala siseduze kwamathoni wemvelo, ngakho-ke kusuka ezindaweni ezivumayo zibukeka zingokwemvelo kakhulu. Amaphaneli we-Alarm facade wesihlahla esenziwe nguKonoshima azosiza ekwenzeni ikhaya lakho ngaphambi kokhuni.
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-Fanele
Ake sizame ukukala zonke izinzuzo nokubi kwezobuchwepheshe bokwakha ngaphansi kokucatshangelwa kwi-LSTK. Ake siqale ngezinzuzo zayo.
1. Intengo engabizi (kusuka ku-5900 rub. Okwe-1m2).
2. Ukulondolozwa kwamandla okusebenzayo, izindleko ezisebenzayo ezisebenzayo.
3. Ukufakwa okusheshayo kwesizini yonke.
4. Amandla okwakha izakhiwo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imishini enzima yokuphakamisa.
5. Izici ezibanzi zezakhiwo nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene:
6. Amandla okusebenzisa isisekelo esingasindi.
7. I-Ecology (izinto ezisetshenzisiwe zingavuselelwa).
8. Ukumelana nokuzamazama komhlaba (lokhu yinzuzo yazo zonke izakhiwo zozimele).
9. Ukubeka umklamo ezindaweni eziningana, ungakha uhlelo lokuvumelanisa amandla kagesi.
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E-cavity phakathi kwama-racks ozimele ngezingqimba ezintathu, "ama-thermopletes 037" Ukufakwa kwe-50mm ubukhulu obungu-50mm (32) kwabekwa. Ubuchwepheshe bokubekwa kwabo buyafana nalapho ukufakwa kokhuni kokhuni: imiphetho yamapuleti yacindezelwa yagcwaliswa emgodini, ngemuva kwalokho ukufakwa kwapendiwe - amashalofu ephrofayili azovinjwa ngokuphephile ekuvikelweni "ekuhambeni". Ukufakwa kwavikeleka ekungeni kokungena komswakama kusuka ngaphakathi kwendlu ngesendlalelo se-vaporizolation (33).
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Amafasitela epulasitiki ezindlini ezinohlaka lwensimbi afakwa ngokohlelo olujwayelekile: Uhlaka luhambisana nosizo lwamapuleti e-PAD (34), avikelwe ngokuzicindezela okunamandla (35), bese kuthi-ke igebe phakathi kwalo kanye nensimbi- khiqiza isango. Ngaphandle, ukuvulwa kwewindows kukhethwe ngemithambeka yensimbi nakuLiv (36), okuvimbela umswakama wezinsuku owukunquma.
Siphinde saqaphela ukushiyeka okuningana.
1. Ngokwanda okukhulu komthwalo (ngokwesibonelo, ngenxa yenombolo enkulu yeqhwa ehlehlise), insimbi encane ingaqala ukuzidela nokuthi "ukuhamba", okuzoholela ekuhlolweni kwezinto zomhlobiso wangaphakathi.
2. Lapho uhambisa noma ukuhlangana, kuhlale kuyingozi yokulimaza i-zinc coating evikelayo, engadala ukugqwala.
3. Ngaphansi kwethonya le-oxygen equkethe emoyeni, i-zinc coating kancane kancane. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukugqwala okujwayelekile kungenzeka futhi, ngenxa yalokho, yenza buthaka amandla wesakhiwo. Yisikhathi se- "Life" ye-zinc coating, ikhwalithi yayo yokuqala nekhwalithi yesicelo, kukhawulela impilo yenkonzo yezindlu ze-LSTK: ngephrofayili ehlanganisiwe equkethe i-120 g ye-zinc to 1m2, 27, 275 g ye-zinc to 1m2, - iminyaka eyi-100.
4. Kunemikhawulo ethile ekusetshenzisweni. Isibonelo, iphrofayili yensimbi akufanele isetshenziselwe idivaysi yemishayo ye-Console - I-Balcony isekela, ukuphela okukodwa kusemgwaqweni, lapho izinga lokushisa lingelona khona, kanti elinye likhona lapho likhona. Endabeni, icala eliseduze kwengxenye ye-balcony ye-swelep lizoqala ukukhulula.
Ukuxhumana kobunjiniyela
Ukufaka ama-radiators odongeni lwezinhlaka, abafaki bathatha isithiyo se-Steam kuyo futhi banamathisele izinto eziqinile zokhuni eziqinile kuhlaka, bese zibeka kabusha ifilimu (37). Ukusuka ekubekeni amapayipi nezintambo ngaphakathi kwezindonga zozimele, kwathathwa isinqumo sokukwenqaba - zafakwa ngaphezulu kwesithiyo se-vapor (38). Lapho-ke amaphrofayili ensimbi amakhreyithi anamathiselwe izindonga zezindonga (okubizwa ngokuthi yi-hatched hatch profile kuvame ukusetshenziswa) futhi kunamashidi e-plasterboard asevele avele. Amapayipi ohlelweni lwendalo yokuqeda umoya atholakala ngaphakathi kokwahlukaniswa kohlaka futhi abonakala kuphela e-attic (39).
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Sikwethule ubuchwepheshe bokwakha izakhiwo ezivela ku-Lstk. Ngabe uvakashela le ndlela yokwakha, zinqume.
Abahleli babonga inkampani ethi "Prostor" ukuze basize lapho kulungiswa lokho.
Ukubalwa okukhulisiwe kwezindleko * Ukuthuthukiswa kwasekhaya ngendawo ephelele ye-256m2, efana ne-Handt
| Igama lemisebenzi | Inombolo ye | intengo, rub. | Izindleko, rub. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isisekelo, izindonga, ukwahlukaniswa, ukunqwabelana, ukuphapha | |||
| Ukwakheka, ukuthuthukiswa kanye nengubo | I-25m3 | 500. | 12 500. |
| Idivaysi yesisekelo se-pile, r / w ccratch | 7.2M3 | 7500. | 54,000 |
| Ukhonkolo weplate yedivayisi monolithic eqinisiwe | 25,2m3 | 7500. | I-189,000 |
| Isiqeshana se-Brick ukuqondanisa kwe-tepi | - | 16x400. | 6400. |
| Ukubutha izindonga zozimele nezingxenye | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | - | 455 900. |
| Ukwehlukaniswa kwezindonga, ukunqwabelana nokugcotshwa kokufakwa | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | - | 82 500. |
| Ukubutha izinto zophahla, ithuluzi lokuphahla | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | - | Ama-63,000 |
| I-Hydro ne-Vaporizoation device | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | - | 19 600. |
| Ukufakwa kohlelo lokukhipha | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | - | 11 900. |
| Ukufakwa kwamabhulokhi ewindi kanye neminyango | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | - | 75,000 |
| Umsebenzi kagesi nowokuphambanisa | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | - | 199 600. |
| Umsebenzi wangaphambili | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | - | 98,000 |
| -Nke | 1 267 400. | ||
| Izinto ezisetshenzisiwe esigabeni | |||
| Ukubekwa kwesethi ekhaya (Uhlaka) | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | - | 911 800. |
| Ama-fasteners | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | - | 46 000. |
| Ukhonkolo, isihlabathi, i-armature, izitini, ifomu, njll. | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | - | 220 600. |
| Izinkuni zeSawn | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | - | 20 800. |
| I-plywood waterproof | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | - | 36 400. |
| Amafilimu kaParo- naseHydraulic | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | - | 39 200. |
| Ukufakwa kwama-mineralvate | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | - | 165,000 |
| I-Metallic Effered Sheet | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | - | I-126,000 |
| Uhlelo lokudonsa amanzi (ishubhu, i-chute, idolo, ama-clamp) | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | - | 23 800. |
| I-Siding, izakhi zezakhi | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | - | Ngo-196,000 |
| Amabhlokhi efasitela kanye neminyango, izitebhisi | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | - | 200,000 |
| I-Hypos fiber leaf | 1134m2. | - | 79 300. |
| Amapayipi nemishini kagesi | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | - | I-204,000 |
| -Nke | 2 268 900. |