Udonga lwanamuhla nophahla lwezinhlelo zokushisa: izinzuzo zabo kanye nokubi, ukuhlelwa kokushisa kukagesi nokushisa kwamanzi kwezindonga nophahla lwezindonga nophahla lwamanzi
Photo K. Manko
Amakati afudumele akhiwe esakhiweni sodonga kanye nophahla lwedonga (a) kanye namafilimu okushisa kagesi (b) azoqinisekisa ukufudumala okusebenzayo nokwethezekile kwezakhiwo.
I-Electric Heating Mat ifakwe odongeni, engxenyeni ye-glue tag. Ngaphezulu kwalo, isibuko sizofakwa, sidlulisela ukushisa egumbini lokugezela
I-Mats "Teplux Tropix" isetshenziselwa ukushisa phansi phansi nezindonga ezimbozwe ngamathayili e-ceramic
Izinhlelo zamanzi zophahla lwephahla zivame ukufakwa ngendlela "eyomile", ngenkathi amaphaneli wokushisa alungiselelwe ahlelwe ophahleni.
Lapho ufaka indlela "emanzi" ophahleni ophahleni lwekhoyili, amapayipi alungisa amapayipi, ngemuva kwalokho ungqimba lodaka noPutty asetshenziswa
Umshini opholile wamanzi (a) no-air dryer (b) ngezinhlelo zokupholisa kophahla
Photo m.Stepanov
Eduze kwezindonga ezifudumele zasengadini ebusika, izitshalo ezishisayo ngeke zibanda ekubandanjeni
Amaphaneli we-reshwau plasterboard lapho ophahleni kwenziwa khona, kuxhumeke kubaqoqi abapholile
Photo K. Manko
Ukushisa kwangaphandle manje kusetshenziswa kabanzi emhlabeni wonke. Kodwa-ke, kukhona ezinye, azikho izinhlelo ezingezinhle ezintofontofo ezinobunzima obuningi obungaveli futhi zivumele ukugcina izinga lokushisa elifanele egumbini ngesikhathi sokushisa. Sizokutshela ngalezi zinhlelo ezaziwayo zabathengi baseRussia ezaziwayo.
Kuzoba ngodonga kanye nokushisa kophahla. Kuvame kakhulu eYurophu. Kakade, ayikho ishumi leminyaka, amasampula anjalo okufakwayo asetshenziswa eRussia, futhi muva nje, lapho amasistimu wemiklamo emisha evela emakethe, isithakazelo kubo sikhula ngokuqinile. Izinhlelo zanamuhla zodonga nezinhlelo zophahla zisebenza ngokuqondile ukuguqula ugesi ukushisa okutholakala ekuhlinzekeni kwamandla (amadivaysi anjalo ikakhulukazi asetshenziselwa ukufudumeza indlu epholile ngenxa yokuvutha kukaphethiloli (igesi yemvelo , Incike.p.). Izinto zokushisa ezifakwe ekwakhiweni kwezindonga nophahla (ebusweni bawo noma ezindaweni ezihlukile kuphela), nikeza izintambo zokushisa zokushisa, amapayipi kagesi wefilimu noma amapayipi e-polymer lapho kudlula khona okupholile.
Izinzuzo nobubi
Kulezi zinsuku, udonga nezinhlelo zophahla zokushisa zivame ukufakwa ezindaweni zokuhlala: emakamelweni okulala, amakamelo okuhlala, amakhabethe, kanye nasezivandeni zasebusika, ama-pools, amagalaji kanye nama-workshop. Zingasetshenziswa zombili njengemithombo esemqoka yokushisa kanye nenye izinhlelo, njengezitezi ezifudumele, ama-radiator, air heathle.p.p. Izindlela zophahla kanye nodonga zisetshenziswa, ngokwesibonelo, emakamelweni okulala, izingane nakwamanye amakamelo, lapho ukufudumeza kwephansi kungenzeki (ngenxa yezimpawu zezinto ezibonakalayo ezimboze umhlaba), futhi ama-radiator awafanelekile. Ngokushisa okwengeziwe, ukufudumeza odongeni kuvame ukuhlanganiswa nezitezi ezifudumele. Leli cala lihlelwe ukuze sikhulise izindonga zezindonga ngaphansi kwamafasitela, futhi ama-radiators enqaba. Ama-Basins odongeni olufakwe odongeni olufakiwe kanye nokushisa kophahla, okuhlanganisa nalawa ma-radiator kanye ne-flar floor. Kwesinye isikhathi ngosizo lokushisa, ukwahlukanisa okungaphakathi kuphela okungaphakathi kunganikezwa ngokushisa okwengeziwe ngokushesha emakamelweni amabili atholakala kwizindlela ezihlukile kuwo.
Amandla afudumele wendawo yokushisa yodonga noma ophahleni, oboniswe ku-1m2, endabeni yezinhlelo zophahla, kufinyelela ku-80-120w / m2, futhi "nezindonga ezifudumele" zingafinyelela ku-180W / M2, ngoba kukhona kaninginingi indawo yaphansi ezindaweni ezijwayelekile. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi unciphise izakhiwo zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, ukuze uvikele ukulahleka kokushisa okungakhiqizi okufudumele izindonga zangaphandle (kanye "nophahla olufudumele", uma kukhona i-attic ebandayo ngaphezulu kwekamelo elifudumele, - kanye ne-attic atlap) kumele ifakwe ngokucophelela. Ngenxa ye-inertia ebalulekile ye-irtia yodonga kanye nophahla lwezinhlelo zokushisa, ukulawulwa kokudluliswa kwayo kokushisa kunzima.
Lapho usebenza ngodonga kanye nophahla lokushisa, ukudluliselwa kokushisa egumbini kwenzeka ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokushintshanisa ukushisa okukhanyayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, abantu kanye nezilwane ezifuywayo bangazizwa bekhululekile impela, noma ngabe amazinga okushisa egumbini angu-1.5-2c aphansi kunalapho ukufudumeza ngendlela yendabuko (ama-radiator kanye nokuzivikela). I-Avtota iyimali enkulu. Ukusekela endlini yezwe, ngokwesibonelo, izinga lokushisa le-18c esikhundleni sika-20 ° C, kungenzeka ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha ngo-5-8%. Ngokukakhulu okubhekise imali enjalo eRussia, uma izwe elihlala izindlu zishisa ama-boiler kudizili (ngendlu yezwe elinendawo engama-350m2- cishe izinkulungwane eziyi-8-10)
Izinhlelo zodonga ne-Ceiling Healing Systems zizofika ngokunambitheka kwabaqambi, ngoba akukho okukhumbuza ngokuba khona kwabo egumbini elifudumele: Zonke izinto ezizwakalayo zokushisa zifihlwe ezindongeni noma ophahleni. Kodwa-ke, kukhona eminye imikhawulo ekubekweni kwezinto ezingaphakathi. Akwamukeleki (ikakhulukazi ukugwema ukulimala kwefenisha) ukusetha amakhabethe aphezulu ngaphansi kwezinto zokushisa (endabeni yokushisa kophahla), futhi ifenisha yokhuni eyekiwe ifakwa odongeni (nokushisa kwenuzi). Ngokuvamile, uhlelo alufanele ukonga esifundweni sephrojekthi, ngoba amazinga okushisa ezindonga nophahla ahlobene kakhulu nezinye izingxenye zenduduzo, njengokushisa kwezinga lokushisa kanye nokuhamba komoya egumbini laso.
Izakhi ezakhayo zokufaka okubizwa ngokuthi odongeni kanye nodonga lwezinhlelo zokusebenza (ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwengxube yesihlabathi sikasimende ukuze kufakwe amapayipi) kuvame ukunikezwa njengamaphaneli ama-hilings angenawo odongeni. Lapho usebenzisa lezo zinhlelo, amakamelo aqala ngaphansi kuka-2-10 cm. Indlela "emanzi" yokufaka isebenza kanzima, kepha ikuvumela ukuthi uguqukele ezindongeni ezifudumele ngisho nezindonga, amakholomu. Izinto zokushisa - amakhebu, ifilimu noma amapayipi alungiswa kuqala ezindongeni, ngemuva kwalokho ungqimba wengxube yengxube (3-5 cm) usetshenziswa kubo. Lapho-ke izindawo eziphansi (zomiswe kahle) zimbozwe ngezinto zokuqeda ezingamelana nokushisa ezingalahlekelwa yithonya labo lokuhlobisa ngokuvezwa isikhathi eside kwamazinga okushisa aphakeme.
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Lapho kukhuphuka ukufudumala odongeni endlini yedolobha indlu egumbini lokuhlala edongeni leScotch, banamathisela ungqimba lokuvikelwa kokushisa (1). Ifilimu eshisayo yeCaleo yanqunywa emabhendi obude obufunayo (2), abahlukanise nemiphetho yabo (3), izintambo ezixhunyiwe (4). Imichilo yefilimu eboshwe odongeni ngokuzithandela (5), ifake i-thermostat (6). Okulandelayo, kuzoqedwa "odongeni olufudumele" ngoPlastic "Clap" (7).
Ukufaka: Inkampani yaseCaleo
Izinhlelo Zogesi
Izinhlelo ezi-Wall and Ceiling Healing Systems ezisebenza ngogesi zibonakala ngokulula kanye nezindleko eziphansi zokufakwa, ukuthembeka okuphezulu ngokwanele, ukuguquguquka kohlelo lokusebenza. Izinga lokushisa lokufuthelwa ngosizo lwabo lwezindonga nophahla lungashintshwa emikhawulweni ebanzi. I-IllYa Lokhu akudingi ukuthola imishini ebizayo ebizayo - izindleko ze-thermostat ezijwayelekile ezibekiwe, ezifanayo nalezo ezisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokushisa phansi, zingama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-2-3. Impilo yenkonzo yodonga kagesi kanye nophahla lwephahla cishe icishe ibe njenge-wiring efihliwe. Iwaranti emikhiqizweni yabakhiqizi abakhulu bemishini iyiminyaka eyi-10-15 ubudala, kepha kungenzeka ukuthi izosebenza kakhulu njengoba izindonga nophahla luzoba khona.Ngokufakwa kwe- "Dry" yodonga kagesi kanye nodonga lwephahla, amafilimu okushisa kagesi asetshenziswa kakhulu. Ithengiswa ngesimo sebhendi enobubanzi be-0.5-1r, futhi ubude bungasukela ku-0,1 m kuya kumashumi amamitha amaningana (ifilimu oyidingayo lizomane linqume umqulu). Iphina eliphakathi kwalawa ma-canvas amabili e-postrarent polyester litholwa yinombolo ye-carbon (i-carbon monogram), okungu-220v voltage kubantu abaqhubi bensimbi abasemaphethelweni. Ukuba ngamavolutela, amabhande ekhabhoni afudunyezwa emazingeni okushisa angama-60-50s futhi akhipha imisebe ye-infrared on the wavegth ebusweni obungu-5-20 μm (abakhiqizi bezokwelapha kanye nabasebenzi bezokwelapha bathi yimibukiso yemisebe eshisayo ethandeka kakhulu empilweni kanye nempilo yabantu abanethezekile.).
Odongeni nophahla, amashidi okushisa kukagesi amafilimu ajwayele ukulungiswa ngohlaka lwemigoqo. Ukugwema ukulahleka kokushisa okungakhiqizi ngaphansi kwefilimu, ukufakwa okushisayo - kufanele kubekwe i-folyethylene. Ukufakwa kwezinto zokuqeda ngaphansi kokufakwa kwe- "Dry" ngaphezulu kwefilimu kungafakwa, amashidi ohlelayo anephethini elimisiwe, insimbi kanye namaphaneli epulasitiki. Okunye, lapho amasistimu wefilimu agcwele kabanzi kakhulu, ama-thermoboboone akhethekile ajwayele ukusetshenziswa, upende wazo ngeke agcwalise, futhi isisekelo asikhanyi ekufudumaleni okungapheli.
Ukusuka kwimikhiqizo eyethulwe emakethe, sinaka ifilimu lokushisa le-PowerFilm (Caleo, Korea). Kufika ngokuphelele ngakho konke okudingekayo ukufakwa kwayo: Lesi isilawuli sokushisa esinenzwa yokushisa, ukuhunyushwa ngogesi, isethi yokuhlukaniswa kanye nokufundiswa. Amandla athile wefilimu ahlukile: I-150, 220 noma 400W / M2, futhi lokhu kwanele ukuhlela zombili ukufudumala okungeziwe kwanoma iyiphi igumbi. Intengo yemishini ingabalwa ngokususelwa kwizindleko zefilimu (690-1200rub. Okwe-1m2), i-thermostat kanye nokuhlangana, ukuxhumanisa i-mastic, okufaka i-mastic, cishe ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-2,5.). Nkosi kukhona izingxenye zokushisa kwamafilimu kwezindonga nophahla we-flexings (United Kingdom). Le nkampani ikhiqiza i-Fenix Ecofilm Heating Foil enamandla athile angama-60, 80, 150 no-200w / m2. Izindleko zefilimu zincike ngamandla futhi zingama-ruble angama-690-950. Nge-1m2. I-WGGazines ingathenga ifilimu namanye amafemu, ikakhulukazi amaKorea nesiShayina.
Iphahla elibandayo esikhundleni se-air conditioner?
Amasistimu wamanzi odonga kanye nophahla lwe-Ceiling asetshenziselwa amakamelo okupholisa - ehlobo, amanzi abandayo ajikeleza. Uphahla olubandayo ufakwe ikakhulukazi emahhovisi, noma kunjalo, muva nje, amadivaysi anjalo aya ngokuya efakwa ezindlini ezibiza kakhulu. Lapha uhlelo lubekwe kumaphaneli wepulangwe elichazwe kule ndatshana, lapho amanzi abandayo ajikeleza ngezinhlamvu zemali (ngendlela, abanye abakhiqizi babeka amaphaneli e-drywall emakethe njengezinhlelo zokusola nokomisa). Ama-capillary mats of clina ajwayele ukusetshenziswa (umthamo wokupholisa we-mat, "owakhelwe ngaphakathi" ku-ungqimba kadaka - cishe 82w / m2). I-Pretty Rare ezindlini ezithile zehhovisi elithile ngesimo samamojula ophahla oluhlanganisiwe, ohlangothini lwe-Gia Comcomini Pipes (Italy), i-Geipel (Germany (Germany) Idr, anamathele kuhlangothi olugcwele.
Kumele kushiwo ukuthi imishini edingekayo yohlelo lokupholisa ophahleni lubiza kakhulu. Ukulungiselela amanzi abandayo kudinga umshini opholile amanzi (chiller), izindleko zazo ezisukela kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-200. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udinga uhlelo olubucayi lwe-automation, eklanyelwe ukuvikela ama-condensate ezindizeni ezibandayo ezingaphanga ukuqeda (njengoba kwaziwa lapho izinga lokushisa lanoma iyiphi into liwela ngaphansi kwephuzu lezomoya, umswakama ovela emoyeni uqala ukukhulisa . Ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwama-condensate kumaphaneli wokupholisa, kuyadingeka ukuthi izinga lokushisa lamanzi lingene kubo lingaphezulu kokushisa kwephuzu le-air dew. Isibonelo, ukuze uhlinzeke ngamazinga okushisa angu-26C kanye nomswakama onesivumelwano esingu-50% (I-Dew Point - 15c), i-thermostat elawula amazinga okushisa kwamanzi angalungiswa, noma umlawuli womshini wamanzi opholile at inani elingelona ngaphansi kwe-17c.
Indlela ye- "WET" yokufaka izinhlelo zikagesi ifakwa ikakhulukazi ezindongeni zezakhiwo zokuhlala. Ukuguqula udonga noma (kaningi) sengxenye yalo encane ebusweni, bakhiphe ukushisa, basebenzise ama-mat ngobukhulu be-3mm ngokususelwa kumisebe evuthayo emincane enezilinganiso ezincane zemisebe ye-electromagnetic. Ibekwe yinyoka egridi ye-polymeric impahla enobubanzi obungu-0.5 noma u-0.9m nobude obungu-1-10m. Ukushisa kwakuhlala kukhebula kwenziwa nge-nichrome. I-Mat, ngokungafani nefilimu eshisayo, ayikwazi ukuncishiswa, kuyadingeka ukuyikhetha ngokuqinile ngaphansi kosayizi wendawo evuthayo. Igridi kaMat inamathiselwe kusetshenziswa i-thermopystole, izipikili noma itheyipu enamathelayo ezindaweni lapho eduzane (kude ne-20-50cm) ngeke ibe yifenisha eyenziwe, odongeni ngenhla kwendlu yokugezela. Isendlalelo se-glue evimbela ukushisa esivinjelwe kusetshenziswa ku-mat, ithi Ceresit CM17 noma "FlekClubber" ("Knauf", Russia), bese kufakwa tile. Ungafaka isibuko esikhundleni sethayela ku-glue, edlulisela ukushisa egumbini futhi ayize iphele. Uhlelo lunikwa amandla yi-voltage ka-220V / 50 HZ, izinga lokushisa laso lokushisa liguqula i-thermostat lapho inzwa ifakwe khona odongeni olusendizeni yentambo yentambo. I-thermostat ngokwayo ingabekwa eduze kwe-Shintsha elikhanyayo.
Phakathi kwabakhiqizi bamakamu angasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokufudumeza odongeni kufanele kuqashelwe imikhiqizo yezinkampani ze-Devi (Denmark), i-Alcatel, Nexhit (Spain), i-Kima (Sweden), i-IDR (Finland) IDR. Uhlelo lukagesi ebusweni lwe-1m2 luzobiza ikhasimende ngama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-2.2-2,5, izindleko zokushisa indawo 10M2 zincishiswa ama-ruble angama-600-800. Nge-1m2.
Ukushisa Amanzi
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuxhashazwa kodonga kagesi nezinhlelo zokushisa kophahla akuholeli ekunyuseni okukhulu kwezindleko zokusetshenziswa ngogesi kuphela uma izindawo ezincane zifudumeza (1-5m2). Kungakho "ugesi" esetshenziswa ikakhulukazi njengomthombo wokushisa owengeziwe - ukwandisa induduzo yegumbi. I-Electricalization ayitholi ukusetshenziswa kwakho konke uma izinga lokusetshenziswa kwamandla kwendlu noma ifulethi lilinganiselwe 2-3kw. Indlela eyinhloko yokushisa yodonga nophahla lwethu lwamahlathi ethu ngokuvamile ihlelwe esithombeni nokuhlobisa phansi kwamanzi afudumele: Ukushisa kohlelo akutholi kusuka kugridi yamandla ezindlu, kodwa kusuka ku-boiler. Izindleko zokuqala elungiselelweni lohlelo lwamanzi nophahla lwamanzi zivame kakhulu kakhulu kunasemweni yokushisa kukagesi (amaphampu, i-crane enamanani amaningi nge-thermostat nezinye iziphuzo ezibizayo uma kuqhathaniswa nokushisa kukagesi 8 -10 izikhathi eziphansi, ngakho-ke izindleko eziyinhloko zizokhokha kungakapheli iminyaka engu-5-8.
Izinhlelo zodonga lwamanzi kanye nokushisa kophahla zinobungani bemvelo. I-INESLI ayicabangi okuncane ngokunyamalala, kepha namanje kungenzeka ukuthi kungenzeka komonakalo odongeni nophahla ngenxa yokuvuza emibuthanweni yokushisa, kanye nomsindo emapayiphu (kuvela kuphela ekubalweni okungafanele kohlelo lapho I-velocity yamanzi kumapayipi ingaphezu kuka-0.3-0.6 m / c), akukho ukushiyeka.
Ngendlela "eyomile" yokufaka udonga lwamanzi kanye nokushisa kophahla ezindlini zokuhlala, kusetshenziswa amapaneli e-plasterboard akhethekile (ubukhulu obujwayelekile kakhulu - ububanzi be-1.51m, kepha kungenzeka ukuhambisa imikhiqizo yolunye uhlangothi); Ngaphakathi kubo kukhona amakhoyili kusuka kumapayipi. Amaphaneli abekwe ngohlaka lwamabha okhuni noma amaphrofayili ensimbi, alungiswe kuqala ophahleni noma odongeni, futhi axhumeke kubaqoqi be-coolant. Umthungo wokunxephezela kwe-1 mm ububanzi kufanele unikezwe phakathi kwamaphaneli wokushisa, futhi lapho ubeka kumaphaneli ambalwa ambalwa - ama-seams anxephezelwe ububanzi be-20mm ngemuva kwawo wonke ama-8M ubude bele. Imikhawulo phakathi kwamaphaneli iyamemeza. Ngakho-ke dala indawo ebushelelezi, okuyisisekelo esifanelekile semisebenzi yokuqeda.
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Nge- "Maw", indlela yokubeka amapayipi ilungiswe odongeni emigomweni (8) futhi enamathiselwe. Ngaphansi kwendlela yepayipi "eyomile", ipayipi lilungisiwe kumapuleti e-aluminium (9) futhi livaliwe nge-drywall noma faka amaphaneli we-plasterboard elungele (10)
I-Plasterboard Panels Rehau (Germany) yasungulwa kahle kakhulu, ikwazi ukudlulisa indawo yazo ukushisa okungu-100W egumbini lokuthola "isikwele" ngasinye. Amakhoyili kumaphaneli weRehau enziwe ngamapayipi asezingeni eliphakeme e-polymer rautherm s ene-10.1mm ngodonga oluncane lwe-1.1 mm (ukubeka - ukubekeka okuphindwe kabili). Amaphaneli anobukhulu obungama-30mm kuphela, lapho kufakwa khona okungu-15mm okushisayo okwenziwe nge-polystyrene foam. Uhla olubucayi lwamaphaneli - 21.25; 1.51.25; 1,251; 1,250.5m. Izimpahla eziphelele zifaka phakathi ukusatshalaliswa manifolds for coolant, fasteners, ezenzakalelayo zokulawula it.d. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akunakwenzeka ukuthi umaki amaphaneli e-herz (e-Austria) esigabeni phakathi kwamapayipi angama-75mm e-polymer (emazingeni okushisa e-heater agrourt 45c, adluliselwa egumbini ukuya ku-1m2 ebusweni bawo), kanye nephaneli ye-giasomini.
Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke amaphaneli wepulangwe elethulwe emakethe anamakhoyili avela kumapayipi e-polymer. Isibonelo, ama-sandwich e-geipel ahlanganiswe namashubhu ethusi. Lawa maphaneli anobukhulu be-25-27.5mm, ahlukile ekuweni kwezimpawu nezimpawu ezinhle ze-thermophysical.
Ngaphezu kwamaphaneli e-drywall "owomile", ukufudumala kwamanzi okuphansi okunamapuleti wensimbi kufakiwe. "Abantu abasezingeni eliphakeme" bomile "u-Onor Siccus SWICCUS SWICCUS SWICCUS SWICEBELELED (INOR, Germany) amapuleti amancanyana anosayizi we-1150615mm nge-groove yokuthola ipayipi eliminyene elinobubanzi be-14mm. Amapuleti ahlelwe ngohlaka lwensimbi. Ngaphansi kwazo kufanele zibekwe ungqimba lokufakelwa okushisayo. Amapuleti anamabala anamabala abeka ipayipi. Kanye nesendlalelo se-plaster ezinhlelweni ezibekwe ngendlela "emanzi", amapuleti ahlinzeka ngokusatshalaliswa komfaniswano okuvela kumapayipi abekwe kuwo nge-arve heractive yokushisa okushisayo. Kusuka phezulu, amashidi e-plasterboard abekwa njengesisekelo sokuqeda.
Izindleko zokuhlelela ukufudumala kwamanzi kwezindonga nophahla olunendlela "eyomile" yokufaka egumbini lokugezela ngendawo yaphansi yendawo 3-4m2 ingadlula inani lama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-45. Kodwa-ke, uma kusendaweni yezwe, ukufudumeza kwamanzi phansi kuhlinzekwa emakamelweni amaningana, kuzobiza umsebenzisi ngama-ruble ayizinkulungwane8-4,5. Ngendawo ngayinye evuthayo ye-1M2 yezindonga nophahla. Ukuze umhlobiso, ungakhetha udaka lokuhlobisa (ingxube ye-lime, usimende, i-quartz sand kanye nezithasiselo ezikhethekile), isibonelo se-st35, i-cerisit st3360 noma "i-germany - iRussia). Lesi sixazululo sobuchwepheshe siqinisekisiwe futhi sesikhombisile ukubaluleka kwaso.
Ngokubekwa "okumanzi" kokushisa odongeni, ipayipi livame ukulungiswa (ngokuya ngesikimu sokuqamba esithuthukiswe nguMklami) kwigridi yokuqinisa aqoshwe odongeni noma enamathiselwe ophahleni. Isendlalelo sokuqala soxazululo wokuphamba sisetshenziswa kulo mklamo. Ngemuva kokuthi iqina, i-plaster mesh inamathele kuyo bese isebenzisa ungqimba wokuqeda udaka. I-Vitoga Ubukhulu besendlalelo sodaka sikasimende-lime ngongqikithi ngaphezulu kwepayipi lensimbi-ipulasitiki kumele kube ngaphakathi kwe-20-30 mm. Amapayipi odongeni angenziwa afakwe futhi ngaphandle kwegridi yokuqinisa - kumathayi akhethekile epulasitiki. Isibonelo, i-Runau Company inikezela ngokulungisa amathayi we-raufix ayi-10 eyenziwe nge-polypropylene engahambisani nomthelela. Isinyathelo esisezingeni elinokwenzeka - kusuka ku-2,5 cm.
Ochwepheshe bathi ngesinyathelo esiguqukayo sokubeka amapayipi ohlelo "lwezindonga ezifudumele", kungenzeka ukufezekisa ukusatshalaliswa kokushisa okunethezekile egumbini. Ebangeni le-1-1.2 m kusuka phansi kwepayipi elibekwe ngo-10-15 cm; ku-1.2-1.8m kusukela ekukhuleni phansi kuya ku-20-25 cm; Ngaphezulu kwe-1.8m- ngokuya ngemininingwane ebaliwe ekulahlekelweni kokushisa, ama-pitch pods kwesinye isikhathi afinyelela kuma-30- 40 cm. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuqondiswa kokuhamba kwe-coolont kuhlale kusesitezi kuya ophahleni.
Phakathi kwabakhiqizi bamapayipi nemishini yokusiza, eyakha amasistimu wokushisa odonga kanye nophahla, ingabikwa yiWRSBO (Sweden), uRehau. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi ungasasho i-aquaport, i-oventrop (bobabili iJalimane), i-purmo (Finm) IDR. Izindleko zezinhlelo ezibekwe ngendlela "emanzi", futhi kuncike endaweni yokubeka. NgeNdlu ka-200-250M2, izindleko zokuthola udonga noma ukufudumeza ophahleni kanye nokufakwa kwendlela "emanzi" kuzoba ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-1.5. Nge-1m2. Ngemiqulu emincane, intengo ingaba ngaphezulu kakhulu.
Ngokwehlukana, kufanelekile ukubhekisisa umklamo othokozisayo wokushisa odongeni nophahla, okuyizindawo zokuhlala ezibekwe endaweni ethi "I-Capillary" und Kuhlelemente, eJalimane). I-mat ngayinye (i-aih ngaphakathi ingaba yimininingwane eminingana) iqukethe okuphakelayo okubili okuyinhloko kwamapayipi bese ubuyela amanzi, kanye namashubhu we-capillary anobubanzi obungu-3.4 no-4.3 mm, abekiwe kumapayipi amakhulu. Ama-mat ahlelwe ophahleni nasezindongeni, ahlinzeke amakhompiyutha adingekayo we-hydraulic, ngemuva kwalokho indlela yokuhlukumeza (ukufafaza) isetshenziswa kubo ingxubevange ekhethekile yodaka, okubandakanya izakhi ezikhulisa ukunamathela kokuqala kwesixazululo. I-CooLant kusuka ohlelweni lokushisa ekhaya ngqo kumakamu akwazi ukuhlinzekwa ngokushisa kwamanzi okuhlanzekile kusuka ku-coolant usebenzisa isiteshi esikhethekile sokushisa ukushisa. Lesi sakamuva sifaka i-Plate Heat Exchanger ehlukanisa imidwebo eyinhloko neyesibili, kanye nephampu, ithangi lokunweba, ama-germomeres, ama-thermometer, ukuphepha kanye nama-valve avaliwe. Amanzi kuma-mat ahlinzekwa ngama-hoses aguqukayo noma amapayipi aqinile ane-induction.
Abasebenzisi baphawule ukuthi ama-clina mats ahlinzeka ngezinga eliphakeme kakhulu lenduduzo yokushisa. Izindawo ezifudumele "ezimanzi" ezigcwele ngodonga kanye nophahla lwezinhlelo zingahlukaniswa ngobuso obuhlobisa usimende, amaphaneli enziwe ngokhuni .p. Izindawo ezinjalo zipendiwe futhi upende omelana nokushisa kufanelekile, ngokwesibonelo, ukwakheka okuvikelayo kwe-orgasitionale "siltek" (Russia). Ngaphambi kokufaka imibala odongeni olubunjiwe, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ungqimba olunamathela lwe-putty. Ngakho-ke ukuthi ayiqhekeki emazingeni okushisa, ngaphezulu kwesendlalelo se-schester phambi kwe-shtchev, ubeke ungqimba lwe-piepeng fiberglass grid "izitatimende" (iRussia) ngosayizi weseli ongu-22 noma ngo-262.5mm.
Ibhodi lokuhlela libonga i-Gamma-vent, "HErtz", "Isikhungo Esihlangene Sesikhungo", "Caleo", kanye nehhovisi elimele iRehau ukuthola usizo ekulungiseleleni lokho.